MicroorganismsPub Date : 2025-07-21DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13071707
Ana Benito-Castellanos, Beatriz Larreina, María Teresa Calvo de La Banda, Pilar Santamaría, Lucía González-Arenzana, Ana Rosa Gutiérrez
{"title":"Biodiversity of Yeast Species Isolated During Spontaneous Fermentation: Influence of Grape Origin, Vinification Conditions, and Year of Study.","authors":"Ana Benito-Castellanos, Beatriz Larreina, María Teresa Calvo de La Banda, Pilar Santamaría, Lucía González-Arenzana, Ana Rosa Gutiérrez","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071707","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Winemaking involves a microbial ecosystem where yeast diversity, shaped by terroir and winemaking conditions, determines wine characteristics. Understanding the microbial diversity of vineyards and spontaneous fermentation is crucial for explaining a winery's typical wine profile. Studying and inoculating indigenous strains make it possible to produce high quality wines, reflecting the production environment. This study analyzes the yeast species involved in 16 spontaneous fermentations (8 in 2022 and 8 in 2023) from grapes of four distinct vineyards under two sets of winemaking conditions. A total of 1100 yeast colonies were identified by MALDI-TOF and DNA sequencing techniques. <i>Saccharomyces</i> (<i>S.</i>) <i>cerevisiae</i> and <i>Hanseniaspora uvarum</i> were the most prevalent species, alongside significant populations of non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts such as <i>Lachancea thermotolerans</i> and <i>Metchnikowia pulcherrima</i>, which were the most abundant ones. Minor yeast species, including <i>Aureobasidium pullulans</i>, <i>Starmerella bacillaris</i>, <i>Kazachstania servazzi</i>, and other <i>Hanseniaspora</i> spp., were also detected. The results demonstrated that yeast diversity in spontaneous fermentations varied according to vineyard origin and winemaking conditions. Differences between the two vintages studied indicated that annual climatic conditions significantly influenced yeast diversity, especially among non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> species. This substantial diversity represents a valuable source of indigenous yeasts for preserving the typicity of a winery's wines under controlled conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12299185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Intracellular Polysaccharides and Proteins of <i>Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa</i> on Water Quality, Floc Formation, and Microbial Composition in a Biofloc System.","authors":"Mengsha Lou, Yuhan Zhang, Manman Zhang, Hangxian Zhou, Yixiang Zhang, Qiang Sheng, Jianhua Zhao, Qiyou Xu, Rongfei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071704","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of <i>Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa</i> (formerly <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i>) and its intracellular substances (ISs) to promote biofloc development has been extensively studied. To identify the key components of the ISs of <i>A. pyrenoidosa</i> that drive biofloc formation, algal-extracted polysaccharides (AEPSs) and algal-extracted proteins (AEPTs) were isolated from the ISs. In this study, we established four groups: ISs, AEPSs, AEPTs, and tap water (TW, control), to investigate the effects of AEPSs and AEPTs on biofloc formation dynamics, water quality parameters, and microbial community composition. The results indicated no significant differences were observed between the ISs and AEPSs groups during the cultivation period. AEPSs significantly enhanced flocculation efficiency, achieving a final floc volume of 60 mL/L. This enhancement was attributed to the selective promotion of floc-forming microbial taxa, such as <i>Comamonas</i>, which can secrete procoagulants like EPS, and <i>Pseudomonas</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i>, which have denitrification capabilities. Water quality monitoring revealed that both AEPSs and AEPTs achieved nitrogen removal efficiencies exceeding 50% in the biofloc system, with AEPSs outperforming AEPTs. This is closely related to the fact that the microorganisms with increased flocculation contain numerous nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. So, the intracellular polysaccharides were the key component of the ISs of <i>A. pyrenoidosa</i> that drive biofloc formation. These findings provide critical insights into the functional roles of algal-derived macromolecules in biofloc dynamics and their potential applications in wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12299084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MicroorganismsPub Date : 2025-07-21DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13071710
Wei Hu, Xinzhu Zhou, Yu Liu, Yadi Zhang, Yingying Wang
{"title":"Effects of Salinity Fluctuation on Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factor Genes of Low and High Nucleic Acid-Content Bacteria in a Marine Environment.","authors":"Wei Hu, Xinzhu Zhou, Yu Liu, Yadi Zhang, Yingying Wang","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071710","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity, as one of the critical environmental factors in marine ecosystems, has complex and wide-ranging biological effects. However, the effects of salinity fluctuation on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factor genes (VFGs) in the marine environment are not well understood. In this study, metagenomic sequencing analysis was used to reveal the response of ARGs and VFGs, hosted by low and high nucleic acid-content bacteria (HNA and LNA bacteria), to salinity, as it decreased from 26‱ to 16‱. The results showed that a total of 27 ARG types and 13 VFG types in HNA and LNA bacteria were found. Salinity changes had significant effects on the ARGs' and VFGs' composition and their hosts' composition. In the network topology relationship, the complexity of the network between the ARGs and their host as well as the VFGs and their host differed with the decrease in salinity. The abundance of most genera of HNA and LNA bacteria was significantly corrected with the abundance of ARGs and VFGs, respectively. Overall, this study demonstrates the effects of salinity on ARGs and VFGs hosted by HNA and LNA bacteria in the marine environment and suggests the importance of salinity in regulating HNA and LNA bacterial communities and functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12298737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Lactobacillus murinus</i> Reduces Susceptibility to Secondary MRSA Infection in IAV-Infected Mice Through Promoting a T Cell-Independent IgA Response.","authors":"Qichao Chen, Yanfeng Lin, Kaiying Wang, Jinhui Li, Peng Li, Hongbin Song","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071709","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) infection causes high mortality in patients with influenza A virus (IAV). Our previous study observed that the relative abundance of <i>Lactobacillus murinus</i> (<i>L. murinus</i>) was significantly reduced in both the respiratory tract and gut of IAV-infected mice and negatively correlated with the severity of IAV-MRSA coinfection pneumonia, but the role of <i>L. murinus</i> remains unclear. Here, we supplemented the respiratory tract and gut of IAV-infected mice with live <i>L. murinus</i> and performed a secondary MRSA infection challenge to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms further. Data showed that <i>L. murinus</i> supplementation significantly reduced mortality and pathogen loads in IAV-MRSA coinfected mice and upregulated the lung T cell-independent (TI) IgA response in IAV-infected mice. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that <i>L. murinus</i> supplementation ameliorated microbiota composition disorder and regulated metabolic dysfunction in the gut of IAV-infected mice. The correlation analysis and antibiotic cocktail treatment experiment showed that the TI IgA response in lungs is dependent on gut microbiota. These findings demonstrated that <i>L. murinus</i> supplementation reduces susceptibility to secondary MRSA infection in IAV-infected mice by promoting the TI IgA response, and provide a new perspective on the use of probiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infection following IAV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12299313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HMOs Induce Butyrate Production of <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> via Cross-Feeding by <i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> with Different Mechanisms for HMO Types.","authors":"Haruka Onodera, Yohei Sato, Yosuke Komatsu, Makoto Yamashita, Yuta Watanabe, Takeshi Kokubo","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071705","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have garnered significant attention as one of the bioactive components in human milk, with growing applications in infant formula and food products. HMOs enhance butyrate production, which is produced by butyrate-producing bacteria such as <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> and contributes to gut health through its diverse biological functions. However, the specific mechanisms by which individual HMOs promote butyrate production remain unclear. In this study, we conducted in vitro co-culture experiments of <i>F. prausnitzii</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i>, examining their relative abundance, fatty acid production, residual sugar levels, and gene expression. Our results revealed that <i>B. bifidum</i> utilizes HMOs and provides the constituent sugars to <i>F. prausnitzii</i>, thereby promoting butyrate production by <i>F. prausnitzii</i>. Furthermore, we found that the underlying mechanisms vary depending on the structure of the HMOs. Specifically, 2'-fucosyllactose and 3'-sialyllactose enhance the butyrate production efficiency of <i>F. prausnitzii</i>, while 6'-sialyllactose primarily promotes the growth of <i>F. prausnitzii</i>. These findings not only deepen our understanding of how HMOs influence infant gut health but also suggest new directions for developing nutritional products that leverage the distinct functional properties of each HMO.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12298403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MicroorganismsPub Date : 2025-07-21DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13071706
Gajanan A Bodkhe, Vishal Kumar, Xingjie Li, Shichun Pei, Long Ma, Myunghee Kim
{"title":"Biosensors in Microbial Ecology: Revolutionizing Food Safety and Quality.","authors":"Gajanan A Bodkhe, Vishal Kumar, Xingjie Li, Shichun Pei, Long Ma, Myunghee Kim","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071706","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms play a crucial role in food processes, safety, and quality through their dynamic interactions with other organisms. In recent years, biosensors have become essential tools for monitoring these processes in the dairy, meat, and fresh produce industries. This review highlights how microbial diversity, starter cultures, and interactions, such as competition and quorum sensing, shape food ecosystems. Diverse biosensor platforms, including electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, thermal, field-effect transistor-based, and lateral flow assays, offer distinct advantages tailored to specific food matrices and microbial targets, enabling rapid and sensitive detection. Biosensors have been developed for detecting pathogens in real-time monitoring of fermentation and tracking spoilage. Control strategies, including bacteriocins, probiotics, and biofilm management, support food safety, while decontamination methods provide an additional layer of protection. The integration of new techniques, such as nanotechnology, CRISPR, and artificial intelligence, into Internet of Things systems is enhancing precision, particularly in addressing regional food safety challenges. However, their adoption is still hindered by complex food matrices, high costs, and the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance. Looking ahead, intelligent systems and wearable sensors may help overcome these barriers. Although gaps in standardization and accessibility remain, biosensors are well-positioned to revolutionize food microbiology, linking ecological insights to practical solutions and paving the way for safer, high-quality food worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12300841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Agricultural Sustainability by Improving the Efficiency of Lignocellulosic Biomass Utilization in the Ruminant Diet via Solid-State Fermentation with White-Rot Fungi: A Review.","authors":"Qi Yan, Osmond Datsomor, Wenhao Zhao, Wenjie Chen, Caixiang Wei, Deshuang Wei, Xin Gao, Chenghuan Qin, Qichao Gu, Caixia Zou, Bo Lin","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071708","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Against the backdrop of the green circular economy, the exploration of reliable and sustainable applications of lignocellulosic biomass (LCBM) has emerged as a critical research frontier. The utilization of LCBM as a ruminant roughage source offers a promising strategy to address two pressing issues: the \"human-animal competition for food\" dilemma and the environmental degradation resulting from improper LCBM disposal. However, the high degree of lignification in LCBM significantly restricts its utilization efficiency in ruminant diets. In recent years, microbial pretreatment has gained considerable attention as a viable approach to reduce lignification prior to LCBM application as ruminant feed. White-rot fungi (WRF) have emerged as particularly noteworthy among various microbial agents due to their environmentally benign characteristics and unique lignin degradation selectivity. WRF demonstrates remarkable efficacy in enzymatically breaking down the rigid lignocellulosic matrix (comprising lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) within LCBM cell walls, thereby reducing lignin content-a largely indigestible component for ruminants-while simultaneously enhancing the nutritional profile through increased protein availability and improved digestibility. Solid-state fermentation mediated by WRF enhances LCBM utilization rates and optimizes its nutritional value for ruminant consumption, thereby contributing to the advancement of sustainable livestock production, agroforestry systems, and global environmental conservation efforts. This review systematically examines recent technological advancements in WRF-mediated solid-state fermentation of LCBM, evaluates its outcomes of nutritional enhancement and animal utilization efficiency, and critically assesses current limitations and future prospects of this innovative approach within the framework of circular bioeconomy principles.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12299719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-Omics Analysis Provides New Insights into the Interplay Between Gut Microbiota, Fatty Acid Metabolism, and Immune Response in Cultured and Wild <i>Coilia nasus</i> from the Yangtze River Area in China.","authors":"Chang Yang, Kai Liu, Yanmin Deng, Qianhui Wang, Shiqian Cao, Qunlan Zhou","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071711","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To elucidate the interactions among fatty acid metabolism, immune status, and gut microbiota, both cultured and wild <i>Coilia nasus</i> from the Yangtze River were examined in China. The results demonstrated that wild <i>C. nasus</i> exhibited markedly higher lipid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents, a greater ratio of total ω-3 PUFAs to total ω-6 PUFAs, and more active antioxidant enzymes compared to cultured <i>C. nasus</i>. However, the shear force, water-holding capacity, and total n-6 PUFA content were lower in wild <i>C. nasus</i>. Transcriptome analysis revealed distinct gene expression patterns: wild <i>C. nasus</i> upregulated immune-related genes, while cultured <i>C. nasus</i> downregulated genes related to fatty acid metabolism. Significant differences were observed in alpha and beta diversity between cultured and wild groups. LEfSe analysis identified <i>Clostridium_T</i>, <i>Escherichia</i>, and <i>Glutamicibacter</i> as biomarkers for cultured <i>C. nasus</i>, while eight genera, including <i>Pseudomonas_E</i> and <i>Sphingomonas_L</i>, were predominant in wild <i>C. nasus</i>. Modular analysis identified five modules linked to immune functions and fatty acid metabolism. <i>Clostridium_T</i>, <i>Sphingomonas_L</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas_E</i> were dominant in the first two modules, with <i>Pseudomonas_E</i> and <i>Clostridium_T</i> as key regulators of fatty acid metabolism and immune processes. These differences, likely due to gut microbiota variations, provide insights for <i>C. nasus</i> nutritional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12300613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MicroorganismsPub Date : 2025-07-20DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13071699
Aiguo Huang, Yanqin Wei, Jialong Huang, Songlin Luo, Tingyu Wei, Jing Guo, Fali Zhang, Yinghui Wang
{"title":"Effects of Natural Ingredient Xanthohumol on the Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolic Profiles and Disease Resistance to <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>.","authors":"Aiguo Huang, Yanqin Wei, Jialong Huang, Songlin Luo, Tingyu Wei, Jing Guo, Fali Zhang, Yinghui Wang","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071699","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> (SA) is a severe prevalent pathogen, resulting in high morbidity and mortality in the global tilapia industry. With increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics, alternative strategies are urgently needed. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity and the underlying mechanisms of the natural product xanthohumol (XN) against SA infection in tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>). The results showed that XN could significantly reduce the bacterial loads of SA in different tissues (liver, spleen and brain) after treatment with different tested concentrations of XN (12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg/kg). Moreover, XN could improve the survival rate of SA-infected tilapia. 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated that the alpha-diversity index (Chao1 and Shannon_e) was significantly increased in the XN-treated group (MX group) compared to the SA-infected group (CG group) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the Simpson diversity index significantly decreased. The Bray-Curtis similarity analysis of non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) showed that there were significant differences in microbial composition among groups. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of the phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased in the MX group compared to the CG group, while the relative abundance of the phyla Fusobacteria, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia increased. Differences were also observed at the genus level; the relative abundance of <i>Mycobacterium</i> decreased in the MX group, but the abundance of <i>Cetobacterium</i> and <i>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1</i> increased. Metabolomics analysis revealed that XN changed the metabolic profile of the liver and significantly enriched aspartate metabolism, glycine and serine metabolism, phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, glutamate metabolism, urea cycle, purine metabolism, methionine metabolism, betaine metabolism, and carnitine synthesis. Correlation analysis indicated an association between the intestinal microbiota and metabolites. In conclusion, XN may be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of SA infection in tilapia, and its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and liver metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12300398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MicroorganismsPub Date : 2025-07-20DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13071700
Zhangyan Zhu, Ran Li, Yunshuang Ma, Anran Yu, Rongquan Zheng
{"title":"Frog Density and Growth Stage of Rice Impact Paddy Field and Gut Microbial Communities in Rice-Frog Co-Cropping Models.","authors":"Zhangyan Zhu, Ran Li, Yunshuang Ma, Anran Yu, Rongquan Zheng","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13071700","DOIUrl":"10.3390/microorganisms13071700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The black-spotted frog (<i>Pelophylax nigromaculatus</i>) is a common economic species in the rice-frog ecological cropping mode. The present study investigated microbial community structures in paddy water and black-spotted frog's guts across rice monoculture and low-/high-density rice-frog co-cropping systems at four rice growth stages. Proteobacteria dominate in paddy water, while frog guts are enriched in Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota. The frog density shows no impact on the α-diversity, but rice growth stages significantly alter the Shannon, Simpson, and Pielou_e indices (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Co-cropping may promote amino acid synthesis, elemental cycling, and stress tolerance in paddy water microbiota, which are more diverse than gut microbiota. Strong correlations exist between paddy water and gut microbiotas, with <i>Limnohabitans</i> being linked to gut diversity (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Low-density co-cropping enhances <i>Xenorhabdus</i>, which is beneficial for pest control and stabilizes gut microbiota. The results of this study offer insights for managing rice-frog systems based on rice growth stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12300932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}