Microorganisms最新文献

{"title":"The Significance of the Cell-Mediated Host Immune Response in Syphilis.","authors":"Konrad Kaminiów, Martyna Kiołbasa, Maciej Pastuszczak","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syphilis, caused by the highly invasive pathogen <i>Treponema pallidum</i>, remains one of the oldest and most significant public health challenges. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of new syphilis cases among adults aged 15-49 years in 2022 was estimated at approximately 8 million, with notable increases observed in Europe, the Americas, and Africa. The cellular immune response plays a critical role in combating this infection, and its insufficient activity may contribute to chronic progression of the disease. <i>T. pallidum</i> effectively evades the host immune response, enabling its prolonged survival within the host and increasing the risk of late complications such as neurosyphilis and cardiovascular syphilis. This review article discusses the mechanisms of cellular immune responses in <i>T. pallidum</i> infection, including T lymphocyte activation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and the roles of macrophages and dendritic cells in pathogen recognition and elimination. Additionally, it examines the immune evasion strategies employed by <i>T. pallidum</i>, such as the low immunogenicity of its antigens and its ability to suppress the activation of effector cells. A comprehensive understanding of the current knowledge regarding cellular immune mechanisms may contribute to the development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in syphilis management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Anatomy of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Central Greece During October 2020-July 2022.","authors":"Ioanna Voulgaridi, Zacharoula Bogogiannidou, Katerina Dadouli, Achilleas P Galanopoulos, Maria A Kyritsi, Alexandros Vontas, Alexia Matziri, Konstantina Kola, Evangelia Vachtsioli, Lemonia Anagnostopoulos, Anastasia Tsispara, Katerina G Oikonomou, Dimitris Babalis, Efthymia Petinaki, Maria Tseroni, Fani Kalala, Matthaios Speletas, Varvara A Mouchtouri, Christos Hadjichristodoulou","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) during the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates investigation into their clinical differentiation and outcomes. This study aimed to examine these differences among VOCs, considering multiple related factors. An observational cohort study was conducted on patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection via nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab who visited the emergency department of a public Greek hospital between October 2020 and July 2022 during different VOC circulation in the region. Data on clinical manifestations, outcomes, and medical history (comorbidities, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination status against COVID-19) were collected through a questionnaire and medical records for those hospitalized. A total of 913 patients were included in this study (813 adults ≥18 years old, 100 children <18 years old). Significant differences were observed across VOCs for both adults and children. A lower proportion of children developed symptoms during the non-Omicron variants, 73.5%, compared to Omicron variants, 86.4%. Fever, dyspnea, and taste and smell disorders were observed more frequently among non-Omicron adult cases, in contrast to upper respiratory symptoms, which were more common symptoms among Omicron infections. The non-Omicron variants were associated with higher rates of hospitalization at 30.6%, pneumonia at 23.0%, and death at 6.1% compared to Omicron variants at 8.0%, 5.0%, and 1.8%, respectively. Vaccination against COVID-19 was shown to be a protective factor for severe outcomes. Our findings suggest distinct clinical presentations and outcomes associated with different VOCs. Despite the fact that current VOCs circulating are less severe, the COVID-19 vaccine continues to play a protective role for severe cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11678192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Degradation Characteristics and Soil Remediation Capabilities of the Butachlor-Degrading Strain DC-1.","authors":"Yue Cheng, Qian Fu, Guixin Xiong, Yaning Huang, Xu Li, Qingyue Yu, Fuxia He, Haitao Li, Rongmei Liu","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Butachlor is a widely utilized acetamide herbicide noted for its systemic selectivity against pre-emergence grass weeds. Butachlor has negative effects on organisms and the environment, so it is necessary to screen degradation strains. In this investigation, <i>Bacillus cereus</i> strain DC-1 was isolated from soil persistently exposed to butachlor. Through rigorous single-factor and response surface analyses, strain DC-1 exhibited a notable 87.06% degradation efficiency under optimized conditions where the temperature was 32.89 °C, pH was 7.29, and inoculum concentration was 5.18%. It was further hypothesized by LC-MS that the degradation pathway of butachlor by strain DC-1 might be as follows: butachlor undergoes initial deoxygenation catalyzed by dioxygenases to form 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-methylacetamide, followed by N-demethylation yielding 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl) acetamide, and culminating in conversion to 2,6-diethylphenol. In addition, bioremediation experiments of butachlor-contaminated soil were conducted. The results show that strain DC-1 could degradable 99.23% of butachlor (100 mg·kg^-1) from the soil within 12 d, and soil sucrase, cellulase, and urease activities are promoted by the bacteria. And through high-throughput sequencing, it was concluded that the strain DC-1 was able to influence the relative abundance of certain bacteria in the soil, and make the microbial community in the soil develop in a more stable and beneficial direction. DC-1 thus represents a valuable resource in the realm of butachlor degradation due to its robust efficacy, favorable characteristics, and ecological restorative capabilities, underscoring its promising role in the bioremediation of butachlor-contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and In Vitro Safety of <i>Heyndrickxia coagulans</i> AO 1167B: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Gissel García, Josanne Soto, Antonio Díaz, Jesús Barreto, Carmen Soto, Ana Beatriz Pérez, Suselys Boffill, Ángela Gutiérrez, Raúl de Jesús Cano","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: <i>Heyndrickxia coagulans</i>, a lactic acid-producing bacterium, displays characteristics of both <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bacillus</i> genera. Clinical evidence suggests its potential health benefits. This study evaluated the safety of <i>H. coagulans</i> AO1167B as a candidate probiotic supplement. (2) Methods: Strain identification was confirmed through morphological, cultural, and genomic analyses, including 16S RNA and whole genome sequencing to assess antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors. Phenotypic tests, such as disk diffusion for antimicrobial resistance, and safety assays for cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity, were conducted. In a phase I, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, healthy adults were randomized into <i>H. coagulans</i> AO1167B and placebo groups for 60 days. Daily capsule consumption was monitored through clinical and hematological evaluations, adverse event tracking, and health surveys. (3) Results: The genome of <i>H. coagulans</i> AO1167B revealed no concerning features. Disk diffusion tests showed no antimicrobial resistance. The strain exhibited no cytotoxic or hemolytic activity, indicating in vitro safety. No significant differences in clinical or hematological parameters were observed between groups. The most common adverse event, gas, diminished over time. (4) Conclusions: <i>H. coagulans</i> AO1167B demonstrates a suitable safety profile, genetic stability, and probiotic potential for gastrointestinal health, justifying further clinical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planted Citrus Regulates the Community and Networks of <i>phoD</i>-Harboring Bacteria to Drive Phosphorus Availability Between Karst and Non-Karst Soils.","authors":"Xuan Yu, Lulu Feng, Yuan Huang, Yueming Liang, Fujing Pan, Wei Zhang, Yuan Zhao, Yuexin Xiao","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phosphorus (P) availability in soils is influenced by microbes, particularly those containing the gene responsible for phosphate solubilization. The present study investigated the community structure, diversity, and co-occurrence networks of <i>phoD</i>-harboring bacteria in karst and non-karst citrus orchard soils across a planting duration gradient, natural forests, and abandoned land, as well as the soil total P (TP) and available P (AP) contents and enzyme activities. The soil AP contents were lower in the karst regions than in the non-karst regions, while the soil organic carbon (C; SOC), exchangeable calcium, and microbial biomass nitrogen (N) contents; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and β-Glucuronidase activities; and pH had the opposite trends. In addition, the soil AP and SOC contents and the ALP and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in the karst regions decreased with an increase in the planting years, whereas the AP, TP, and microbial biomass P contents and ACP activities in the non-karst regions increased. The diversity indices and network complexity of <i>phoD</i>-harboring bacteria were higher in the karst regions than in the non-karst regions, with marked community differences between different planting years in the non-karst regions. The soil AP was significantly and positively correlated with the rare genera <i>Pelagicola</i>, <i>Methylobacter</i>, <i>Streptomyces</i>, and <i>Micromonospora</i> in the karst regions and <i>Roseivivax</i>, <i>Collimonas</i>, <i>Methylobacterium</i>, <i>Ralstonia</i>, and <i>Phyllobacterium</i> in the non-karst regions. Structural Equation Modeling showed that citrus cultivation altered the soil pH, SOC, and total N, and, in turn, the <i>phoD</i>-harboring bacterial community structure and diversity, which led to changes in the ALP activity and P availability. Thus, the rare genera of the <i>phoD</i>-harboring bacteria, influenced by the pH and SOC, highly regulated the availability of P in the karst and non-karst citrus orchard soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11678004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 in Relation to Chronic Antihistamine Prescription.","authors":"Anna Puigdellívol-Sánchez, Marta Juanes-González, Ana Calderón-Valdiviezo, Helena Losa-Puig, Roger Valls-Foix, Marta González-Salvador, Celia Lozano-Paz, Josep Vidal-Alaball","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No hospitalizations or deaths occurred in residents with the COVID-19 infection, treated with antihistamines and azithromycin, of two external nursing homes during the first wave. We assessed whether patients receiving chronic antihistamines in our institution showed better clinical evolution. COVID-19 admissions and related deaths in the public Hospital of Terrassa (<i>n</i> = 1461) during the pandemic period (11 March 2020-5 May 2023) and cases (<i>n</i> = 32,888) during the period of full suspicion diagnosis (1 June 2020-23 March 2022) were referred to as the number of chronic treatments (nT) including or not including antihistamines (AntiHm or NOAntiHm), and their vaccination status before the first infection (VAC or NoVAC) in our assigned population (<i>n</i> = 140,681 at March 2020) was recorded. No deaths occurred in patients treated with up to ≤6 nT in the AntiHm group in all ages. A significant reduction in hospital admission was observed in the 2-7 nT groups either below or over 60 years old [Odds Ratio (OR) NoAntiHm/AntiHm = 1.76-1.32, respectively, in NoVAC or VAC (OR = 2.10 overall] and in the older ≥8 nT group (OR = 2.08 in NoVac]. In conclusion, patients with chronic antihistamine prescriptions, alone or with polypharmacy, showed reduced hospital admission and mortality rates, suggesting the safety of antihistamine treatment and the need to confirm its effectiveness in a prospective trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid In-Field Detection of Airborne Pathogens Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP).","authors":"Alessia Bani, Corinne Whitby, Ian Colbeck, Alex J Dumbrell, Robert M W Ferguson","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple human and plant pathogens are dispersed and transmitted as bioaerosols (e.g., <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, SARS-CoV-2, <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>, <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>, <i>Phytophthora</i> spp., and <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>). Rapid, on-site methods to detect airborne pathogens would greatly enhance our ability to monitor exposure and trigger early mitigation measures across different settings. Analysis of air samples for microorganisms in a regulatory context is often based on culture-based methods, which are slow, lack specificity, and are not suitable for detecting viruses. Molecular methods (based on nucleic acids) could overcome these challenges. For example, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is rapid, sensitive, specific, and may detect microbial pathogens from air samples in under 60 min. However, the low biomass in air samples makes recovering sufficient nucleic acids for detection challenging. To overcome this, we present a simple method for concentrating bioaerosols collected through liquid impingement (one of the most common methods for bioaerosol collection). This method paired with LAMP (or other molecular approaches) offers simple, rapid, and sensitive detection of pathogens. We validated this method using three airborne pathogens (<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>, and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>), and we were able to detect fewer than five cells in a 15 mL liquid impinger air sample in under 60 min. This simple method offers rapid pathogen detection without the use of specialist equipment, and it can be used across healthcare, education, environmental monitoring, and military settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11678261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microorganism Strains, Environmentally Friendly and Biological Preparations Against <i>Meloidogyne hapla</i> Chitwood, 1949 and Their Impact on Fruit Quality and Tomato Crop Structure.","authors":"Svetlana Nikolaevna Nekoval, Arina Konstantinovna Churikova, Oksana Aleksandrovna Maskalenko, Zhanneta Zaurovna Tukhuzheva, Valentin Valentinovich Ivanov","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of various strains of antagonist microorganisms and biological preparations against <i>Meloidogyne hapla</i>, in addition to their impact on the quality of tomato fruits and crop structure. Four microorganism strains and three registered environmentally safe nematicides were used in the experiment presented herein. The results showed that the strains <i>Paecilomyces lilacinus</i> F-22BK/6 and <i>Arthrobotrys conoides</i> F-22BK/4 had the greatest biological efficacy, reducing the number of galls on tomato plants by 91.8% and 88.4%, values comparable with the results of the chemical control Vydate 5G. The <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> F-22BK/2 and <i>Arthrobotrys conoides</i> F-22BK/4 treatments showed the best results, increasing the fruit weight by 8.6% and 9.9%, in addition to increasing the tomato yield by 5.0% and 13.3%. These strains contributed to an increase in sugar content, whereas the concentration of vitamin C was reduced in the <i>Trichoderma viride</i> F-294 and Fitoverm treatments, indicating a high level of oxidative stress in the latter treatments. The results of this study confirm the prospects of using biological nematicides against phytoparasitic nematodes, which will not only enable effective control of their population but also improve the quality of agricultural products, minimizing harm to the environment and human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from <i>Harposporium anguillulae</i> Against <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i>.","authors":"Dong Li, Ling-Feng Bao, Hong-Mei Lei, Guang-Ke Zhang, Guo-Hong Li, Pei-Ji Zhao","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are pathogens that endanger a wide range of crops and cause serious global agricultural losses. In this study, we investigated metabolites of the endoparasitic fungus <i>Harposporium anguillulae</i> YMF1.01751, with the expectation of discovering valuable <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> biocontrol compounds. Based on results obtained by a liquid chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (LC-MS) of crude extracts under five culture conditions and their nematicidal activity against <i>M. incognita</i>, corn meal agar (CMA) medium was determined as the scale-up fermentation medium. Twelve metabolites (<b>1</b>-<b>12</b>) were isolated from the fermentation products, and compound <b>1</b> was identified to be a new cyclic tetrapeptide. The activity assay results showed that phenylacetic acid (<b>11</b>) had good nematicidal activity at 400 μg/mL, and the mortalities of <i>M. incognita</i> were 89.76% and 96.05% at 12 and 24 h, respectively, while the mortality of canthin-6-one (<b>2</b>) against <i>M. incognita</i> was 44.26% at 72 h. In addition, the results of chemotaxis activity showed that 1-(1<i>H</i>-indol-3-yl)ethanone (<b>10</b>) possessed attraction activity towards <i>M. incognita</i>. At the tested concentrations, cyclo-(Arg-Pro) (<b>4</b>) and cyclo-(Val-Ile) (<b>7</b>) showed an avoidant response to <i>M. incognita</i>. This study provides insight into the nematode-active compounds of <i>H. anguillulae</i> origin and offers new opportunities for the development of RKN biocontrol products.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Prevalence of High-Risk HPV Among People with and Without HIV: Insights into Risk Factors for Tailored Screening Approaches.","authors":"Elena Bruzzesi, Federica Gandini, Sara Diotallevi, Riccardo Lolatto, Massimo Cernuschi, Caterina Candela, Angelo Roberto Raccagni, Flavia Passini, Andrea Marco Tamburini, Roberto Burioni, Antonella Castagna, Silvia Nozza","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Men who have sex with men (MSM) and people with HIV are at increased risk of anal HPV infection and cancer. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anal HPV among MSM with HIV (MWH) and without HIV (MWoH), as well as among MSM under and over 35 years. Factors associated with infection from high-risk (HR) HPV were investigated. This retrospective cohort analysis included MSM receiving care at IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy, with at least one HPV test collected from 2014 to 2023. Among 1577 MSM, 1427 (90%) were MWH. At first screening, 87.6% were had HR-HPV and MWoH were significantly younger, as compared to MWH. Cytological abnormalities were more frequent among younger MSM, while high-grade lesions were more frequent among those over 35 years of age. In multivariate regressions, the risk of ≥1 HR-HPV genotype at first and last screening was associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio, aOR (95% confidence interval): 0.33 (0.18, 0.59); 0.34 (0.18, 0.58), <i>p</i> < 0.001) and concomitant STI (aOR 2.74 (1.59, 5.08), <i>p</i> < 0.001; 1.68 (1.09, 2.67), <i>p</i>: 0.023). A discrepancy between the recommend and actual age for screening was found. As a younger age and concomitant STIs were associated with infection by ≥1 HR-HPV, we promote a more tailored screening approach for both MWH and MWoH.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}