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Dynamics of Cellulose Degradation by Soil Microorganisms from Two Contrasting Soil Types. 两种截然不同土壤类型中的土壤微生物降解纤维素的动力学。
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081728
Grigory V Gladkov, Anastasiia K Kimeklis, Olga V Orlova, Tatiana O Lisina, Arina A Kichko, Alexander D Bezlepsky, Evgeny E Andronov
{"title":"Dynamics of Cellulose Degradation by Soil Microorganisms from Two Contrasting Soil Types.","authors":"Grigory V Gladkov, Anastasiia K Kimeklis, Olga V Orlova, Tatiana O Lisina, Arina A Kichko, Alexander D Bezlepsky, Evgeny E Andronov","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for active cellulolytic consortia among soil microorganisms is of significant applied interest, but the dynamics of the formation of such communities remain insufficiently studied. To gain insight into the formation of an active cellulolytic community, the experiment was designed to examine the colonization of a sterile substrate (cellulose) by microorganisms from two soil types: sod-podzolic and chernozem. To achieve this, the substrate was placed in the soil and incubated for six months. To assess microbiome dynamics, the experiment employed sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragment and ITS2 amplicon libraries at four time points. It was demonstrated that, from the second month of the experiment, the prokaryotic component of the communities reached a state of stability, with a community composition specific to each soil type. The results demonstrated no relationship between changes in community diversity and soil respiration. There also was no significant shift in the community diversity throughout the chronosequence. Furthermore, the taxonomic composition of the community shifted towards a decrease in the proportion of Pseudomonadota and an increase in representatives of the Bacteroidota, Bacillota, and Verrucomicrobiota phyla. The network analysis of the community demonstrated that, in contrast to sod-podzolic soil, chernozem is distinguished by a higher modularity, with the formation of taxon-specific groups of microorganisms at each stage of the chronoseries. These differences are attributed to the alterations in the eukaryotic component of the community, particularly in the prevalence of nematodes and predatory fungi, which in turn influenced the cellulolytic community.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Intercropping with Different Leguminous Green Manures on the Soil Environment and Tea Quality in Tea Plantations. 不同豆科绿肥间作对茶园土壤环境和茶叶质量的影响
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081721
Pinqian Zhou, Mengjuan Chen, Qiang Bao, Hua Wang, Yuanjiang Wang, Haiping Fu
{"title":"The Effect of Intercropping with Different Leguminous Green Manures on the Soil Environment and Tea Quality in Tea Plantations.","authors":"Pinqian Zhou, Mengjuan Chen, Qiang Bao, Hua Wang, Yuanjiang Wang, Haiping Fu","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intercropping with green manure is a soil-sustainable cultivation practice that has demonstrated positive impacts on tea growth and the soil environment in tea plantations. Nevertheless, research examining the effect of leguminous green manure varieties in tea plantations is scarce. This study aimed to analyze the tea quality and soil environment components in response to intercropping with three distinct leguminous green manures, <i>Cassia sophera</i> cv. Chafei 1 (CF), <i>Sesbania cannabina</i> (Retz.) Pers. (SC), and <i>Chamaecrista rotundifolia</i> (Pers.) Greene (CR), with 70% chemical fertilizer, and compare them to non-intercropped green manures with 100% chemical fertilizer (CK) in tea plantations. The findings indicated that intercropping with SC increased the amino acids content of tea leaves, the soil organic carbon (SOC), the soil acid phosphatase (ACP), the soil acid protease (ACPT), and the bacterial diversity compared to the CK treatment. Intercropping with CR improved the ACP activity and bacterial diversity while intercropping with CF improved the polyphenols. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinomycetes, and Firmicutes were identified as the dominant bacterial taxa in tea plantations with intercropped green manure. A strong positive correlation was indicated between the SOC contents and the amino acids content in tea leaves after intercropping. A canonical correspondence analysis indicated significant associations between the ACP and the urease activity, and between the ACP and ACPT, and both were closely linked to SC. This finding provides an explanation that intercropping with SC may positively affect tea quality by influencing the SOC content, the soil enzyme activity, and the soil bacterial diversity. Green manure intercropping may replace part of chemical fertilizers, improve the soil environment in tea gardens, and enhance the quality of tea. These findings offer a theoretical reference for selecting leguminous green manure and advancing the sustainable development of tea plantations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IL-1 Receptor Contributes to the Maintenance of the Intestinal Barrier via IL-22 during Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Experimental Model. 在肥胖和代谢综合征实验模型中,IL-1 受体通过 IL-22 促进肠道屏障的维护
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081717
Melissa S G Machado, Vanessa F Rodrigues, Sara C Barbosa, Jefferson Elias-Oliveira, Ítalo S Pereira, Jéssica A Pereira, Thaílla C F Pacheco, Daniela Carlos
{"title":"IL-1 Receptor Contributes to the Maintenance of the Intestinal Barrier via IL-22 during Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Experimental Model.","authors":"Melissa S G Machado, Vanessa F Rodrigues, Sara C Barbosa, Jefferson Elias-Oliveira, Ítalo S Pereira, Jéssica A Pereira, Thaílla C F Pacheco, Daniela Carlos","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation are increased in obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). ILC3 cells contribute to the integrity of intestinal epithelium by producing IL-22 via IL-1β and IL-23. This study investigates the role of IL-1R1 in inducing ILC3 cells and conferring protection during obesity and MS. For this purpose, C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and IL-1R1-deficient mice were fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Weight and blood glucose levels were monitored, and adipose tissue and blood samples were collected to evaluate obesity and metabolic parameters. The small intestine was collected to assess immunological and junction protein parameters through flow cytometry and RT-PCR, respectively. The intestinal permeability was analyzed using the FITC-dextran assay. The composition of the gut microbiota was also analyzed by qPCR. We found that IL-1R1 deficiency exacerbates MS in HFD-fed mice, increasing body fat and promoting glucose intolerance. A worsening of MS in IL-1R1-deficient mice was associated with a reduction in the ILC3 population in the small intestine. In addition, we found decreased IL-22 expression, increased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation to the visceral adipose tissue of these mice compared to WT mice. Thus, the IL-1R1 receptor plays a critical role in controlling intestinal homeostasis and obesity-induced MS, possibly through the differentiation or activation of IL-22-secreting ILC3s.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association between Accelerated Biological Aging, Diet, and Gut Microbiome. 加速生物衰老、饮食和肠道微生物组之间的关系
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081719
Shweta Sharma, Anna Prizment, Heather Nelson, Lin Zhang, Christopher Staley, Jenny N Poynter, Gokul Seshadri, Aidan Ellison, Bharat Thyagarajan
{"title":"Association between Accelerated Biological Aging, Diet, and Gut Microbiome.","authors":"Shweta Sharma, Anna Prizment, Heather Nelson, Lin Zhang, Christopher Staley, Jenny N Poynter, Gokul Seshadri, Aidan Ellison, Bharat Thyagarajan","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Factors driving accelerated biological age (BA), an important predictor of chronic diseases, remain poorly understood. This study focuses on the impact of diet and gut microbiome on accelerated BA. Accelerated Klemera-Doubal biological age (KDM-BA) was estimated as the difference between KDM-BA and chronological age. We assessed the cross-sectional association between accelerated KDM-BA and diet/gut microbiome in 117 adult participants from the 10,000 Families Study. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to estimate the abundances of gut bacterial genera. Multivariable linear mixed models evaluated the associations between accelerated KDM-BA and diet/gut microbiome after adjusting for family relatedness, diet, age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, and BMI. One standard deviation (SD) increase in processed meat was associated with a 1.91-year increase in accelerated KDM-BA (<i>p</i> = 0.04), while one SD increase in fiber intake was associated with a 0.70-year decrease in accelerated KDM-BA (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Accelerated KDM-BA was positively associated with <i>Streptococcus</i> and negatively associated with <i>Subdoligranulum</i>, unclassified <i>Bacteroidetes,</i> and <i>Burkholderiales.</i> Adjustment for gut microbiome did not change the association between dietary fiber and accelerated KDM-BA, but the association with processed meat intake became nonsignificant. These cross-sectional associations between higher meat intake, lower fiber intake, and accelerated BA need validation in longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Etiology of Foliar Blight of Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja tenuiflora) in Mexico. 墨西哥印度画眉草(Castilleja tenuiflora)叶枯病的病因。
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081714
Alma Rosa Solano-Báez, Gabriela Trejo-Tapia, Miroslav Kolařík, Jossue Ortiz-Álvarez, José Luis Trejo-Espino, Guillermo Márquez-Licona
{"title":"Etiology of Foliar Blight of Indian Paintbrush (<i>Castilleja tenuiflora</i>) in Mexico.","authors":"Alma Rosa Solano-Báez, Gabriela Trejo-Tapia, Miroslav Kolařík, Jossue Ortiz-Álvarez, José Luis Trejo-Espino, Guillermo Márquez-Licona","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Castilleja tenuiflora</i> is a native perennial plant used in traditional Mexican medicine. In June 2022, leaf blight symptoms were observed in a wild population of <i>C. tenuiflora</i> plants. Disease incidence was 80% and disease intensity reached up to 5% of the leaf area. Currently, there are no reports of pathogens causing leaf blight in this plant; therefore, this work aimed to identify the fungi responsible for the disease. The fungi recovered from the diseased tissue were characterized by means of pathogenicity tests and cultural, morphological, and molecular characterization. The information obtained revealed that <i>Alternaria alternata</i> and <i>Alternaria gossypina</i> are the pathogens responsible for the disease. This is the first report implicating species of <i>Alternaria</i> in causing leaf blight of <i>C. tenuiflora</i> in Mexico, as well as the first report of <i>Alternaria gossypina</i> also in Mexico. These pathogens may threaten the in situ conservation of native <i>C. tenuiflora</i> populations and limit their in vitro propagation. Future research lines should focus on determining the effect of these pathogens on metabolite production.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular Diversity of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in Relation to the Diversity of Neighboring Plant Species. 外生菌根真菌的分子多样性与邻近植物物种多样性的关系
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081718
Weiwei Zhang, Wenyan Xue, Jinliang Liu, Hailan Zhu, Zhong Zhao
{"title":"Molecular Diversity of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in Relation to the Diversity of Neighboring Plant Species.","authors":"Weiwei Zhang, Wenyan Xue, Jinliang Liu, Hailan Zhu, Zhong Zhao","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: Plant diversity has long been assumed to predict soil microbial diversity. The mutualistic symbiosis between forest trees and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi favors strong correlations of EM fungal diversity with host density in terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, in contrast with host tree effects, neighboring plant effects are less well studied. (2) Methods: In the study presented herein, we examined the α-diversity, community composition, and co-occurrence patterns of EM fungi in <i>Quercus acutissima</i> across different forest types (pure forests, mixed forests with <i>Pinus tabuliformis</i>, and mixed forests with other broadleaved species) to ascertain how the EM fungi of focal trees are related to their neighboring plants and to identify the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this relationship. (3) Results: The EM fungal community exhibited an overall modest but positive correlation with neighboring plant richness, with the associations being more pronounced in mixed forests. This neighboring effect was mediated by altered abiotic (i.e., SOC, TN, LC, and LP) and biotic (i.e., bacterial community) factors in rhizosphere soil. Further analysis revealed that <i>Tomentella_badia</i>, <i>Tomentella_galzinii</i>, and <i>Sebacina_incrustans</i> exhibited the most significant correlations with plant and EM fungal diversity. These keystone taxa featured low relative abundance and clear habitat preferences and shared similar physiological traits that promote nutrient uptake through contact, short-distance and medium-distance smooth contact-based exploration types, thereby enhancing the potential correlations between EM fungi and the neighboring plant community. (4) Conclusions: Our findings contribute to the comprehension of the effect of neighboring plants on the EM fungal community of focal trees of different forest communities and the biodiversity sensitivity to environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neurological Impact of Respiratory Viruses: Insights into Glial Cell Responses in the Central Nervous System. 呼吸道病毒对神经系统的影响:洞察中枢神经系统神经胶质细胞的反应
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081713
Valentina P Mora, Alexis M Kalergis, Karen Bohmwald
{"title":"Neurological Impact of Respiratory Viruses: Insights into Glial Cell Responses in the Central Nervous System.","authors":"Valentina P Mora, Alexis M Kalergis, Karen Bohmwald","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory viral infections pose a significant public health threat, particularly in children and older adults, with high mortality rates. Some of these pathogens are the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza viruses (IV), human parvovirus B19 (B19V), and human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1). These viruses cause various respiratory symptoms, including cough, fever, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Notably, these viruses can also impact the central nervous system (CNS), leading to acute manifestations such as seizures, encephalopathies, encephalitis, neurological sequelae, and long-term complications. The precise mechanisms by which these viruses affect the CNS are not fully understood. Glial cells, specifically microglia and astrocytes within the CNS, play pivotal roles in maintaining brain homeostasis and regulating immune responses. Exploring how these cells interact with viral pathogens, such as hRSV, SARS-CoV-2, IVs, B19V, and HBoV1, offers crucial insights into the significant impact of respiratory viruses on the CNS. This review article examines hRSV, SARS-CoV-2, IV, B19V, and HBoV1 interactions with microglia and astrocytes, shedding light on potential neurological consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two-Year Study on the Intra-Individual Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Profiles in Healthy Adults. 关于健康成年人肠道微生物群和短链脂肪酸谱个体内动态的两年期研究。
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081712
Anastasia Senina, Maria Markelova, Dilyara Khusnutdinova, Maria Siniagina, Olga Kupriyanova, Gulnaz Synbulatova, Airat Kayumov, Eugenia Boulygina, Tatiana Grigoryeva
{"title":"Two-Year Study on the Intra-Individual Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Profiles in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Anastasia Senina, Maria Markelova, Dilyara Khusnutdinova, Maria Siniagina, Olga Kupriyanova, Gulnaz Synbulatova, Airat Kayumov, Eugenia Boulygina, Tatiana Grigoryeva","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the gut microbiome has been intensively investigated for more than twenty years already, its role in various disorders remains to be unraveled. At the same time, questions about what changes in the gut microbiota can be considered as normal or pathological and whether communities are able to recover after exposure to negative factors (diseases, medications, environmental factors) are still unclear. Here, we describe changes in the gut microbiota composition and the content of short-chain fatty acids in adult healthy volunteers (<i>n</i> = 15) over a 24 month-period. Intraindividual variability in gut microbial composition was 40%, whereas the short chain fatty acids profile remained relatively stable (2-year variability 20%, inter-individual 26%). The changes tend to accumulate over time. Nevertheless, both short-term and long-term changes in the gut microbiome composition were significantly smaller within individuals than interindividual differences (two-year interindividual variability was 75%). Seasonal changes in gut microbiota were found more often in autumn and spring involving the content of minor representatives (less than 1.5% of the community in average) in the phyla <i>Actinobacteriota</i>, <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enrichment of Aquatic Xylan-Degrading Microbial Communities. 丰富水生木聚糖降解微生物群落。
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081715
Aline Lucie Odette Gaenssle, Salvador Bertran-Llorens, Peter Joseph Deuss, Edita Jurak
{"title":"Enrichment of Aquatic Xylan-Degrading Microbial Communities.","authors":"Aline Lucie Odette Gaenssle, Salvador Bertran-Llorens, Peter Joseph Deuss, Edita Jurak","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12081715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition towards a sustainable society involves the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable feedstock for materials, fuel, and base chemicals. Lignocellulose consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, forming a complex, recalcitrant matrix where efficient enzymatic saccharification is pivotal for accessing its valuable components. This study investigated microbial communities from brackish Lauwersmeer Lake, in The Netherlands, as a potential source of xylan-degrading enzymes. Environmental sediment samples were enriched with wheat arabinoxylan (WAX) and beechwood glucuronoxylan (BEX), with enrichment on WAX showing higher bacterial growth and complete xylan degradation compared to BEX. Metagenomic sequencing revealed communities consisting almost entirely of bacteria (>99%) and substantial shifts in composition during the enrichment. The first generation of seven-day enrichments on both xylans led to a high accumulation of Gammaproteobacteria (49% WAX, 84% BEX), which were largely replaced by Alphaproteobacteria (42% WAX, 69% BEX) in the fourth generation. Analysis of the protein function within the sequenced genomes showed elevated levels of genes associated with the carbohydrate catabolic process, specifically targeting arabinose, xylose, and xylan, indicating an adaptation to the primary monosaccharides present in the carbon source. The data open up the possibility of discovering novel xylan-degrading proteins from other sources aside from the thoroughly studied Bacteroidota.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enzymatic Stoichiometry Reveals the Metabolic Limitations of Soil Microbes under Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition in Chinese Fir Plantations. 酵素化学计量揭示杉木种植园氮磷添加条件下土壤微生物的代谢限制
IF 4.1 2区 生物学
Microorganisms Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081716
Yan Ren, Ying Wang, Xiulan Zhang, Xionghui Liu, Pei Liu, Liang Chen
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