MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report最新文献

{"title":"Oropouche Virus Disease Among U.S. Travelers - United States, 2024.","authors":"Andrea Morrison, Jennifer L White, Holly R Hughes, Sarah Anne J Guagliardo, Jason O Velez, Kelly A Fitzpatrick, Emily H Davis, Danielle Stanek, Edgar Kopp, Peter Dumoulin, Timothy Locksmith, Lea Heberlein, Rebecca Zimler, Joshua Lassen, Carolina Bestard, Edhelene Rico, Alvaro Mejia-Echeverri, Kay-Anna Edwards-Taylor, Douglas Holt, Dionisia Halphen, Kaitlynn Peters, Cheryl Adams, Amanda M Nichols, Alexander T Ciota, Alan P Dupuis, P Bryon Backenson, Jennifer A Lehman, Shelby Lyons, Hannah Padda, Roxanne C Connelly, Van T Tong, Stacey W Martin, Amy J Lambert, Aaron C Brault, Carina Blackmore, J Erin Staples, Carolyn V Gould","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7335e1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7335e1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beginning in late 2023, Oropouche virus was identified as the cause of large outbreaks in Amazon regions with known endemic transmission and in new areas in South America and the Caribbean. The virus is spread to humans by infected biting midges and some mosquito species. Although infection typically causes a self-limited febrile illness, reports of two deaths in patients with Oropouche virus infection and vertical transmission associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes have raised concerns about the threat of this virus to human health. In addition to approximately 8,000 locally acquired cases in the Americas, travel-associated Oropouche virus disease cases have recently been identified in European travelers returning from Cuba and Brazil. As of August 16, 2024, a total of 21 Oropouche virus disease cases were identified among U.S. travelers returning from Cuba. Most patients initially experienced fever, myalgia, and headache, often with other symptoms including arthralgia, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, and rash. At least three patients had recurrent symptoms after the initial illness, a common characteristic of Oropouche virus disease. Clinicians and public health jurisdictions should be aware of the occurrence of Oropouche virus disease in U.S. travelers and request testing for suspected cases. Travelers should prevent insect bites when traveling, and pregnant persons should consider deferring travel to areas experiencing outbreaks of Oropouche virus disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 35","pages":"769-773"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Intimate Partner Homicide Among Women - United States, 2018-2021.","authors":"Adam Rowh, Shane Jack","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 34","pages":"754-756"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cluster of Influenza A(H5) Cases Associated with Poultry Exposure at Two Facilities - Colorado, July 2024.","authors":"Cara C Drehoff, Elizabeth B White, Aaron M Frutos, Ginger Stringer, Alexis Burakoff, Nicole Comstock, Alicia Cronquist, Nisha Alden, Isaac Armistead, Allison Kohnen, Radhika Ratnabalasuriar, Emily A Travanty, Shannon R Matzinger, Alexandria Rossheim, Aleigha Wellbrock, H Pamela Pagano, Dennis Wang, Jordan Singleton, Rebekah A Sutter, C Todd Davis, Krista Kniss, Sascha Ellington, Marie K Kirby, Carrie Reed, Rachel Herlihy","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persons who work in close contact with dairy cattle and poultry that are infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus are at increased risk for infection. In July 2024, the Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment responded to two poultry facilities with HPAI A(H5N1) virus detections in poultry. Across the two facilities, 663 workers assisting with poultry depopulation (i.e., euthanasia) received screening for illness; 109 (16.4%) reported symptoms and consented to testing. Among those who received testing, nine (8.3%) received a positive influenza A(H5) virus test result, and 19 (17.4%) received a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result. All nine workers who received positive influenza A(H5) test results had conjunctivitis, experienced mild illness, and received oseltamivir. This poultry exposure-associated cluster of human cases of influenza A(H5) is the first reported in the United States. The identification of these cases highlights the ongoing risk to persons who work in close contact with infected animals. Early response to each facility using multidisciplinary, multilingual teams facilitated case-finding, worker screening, and treatment. As the prevalence of HPAI A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b genotype B3.13 increases, U.S. public health agencies should prepare to rapidly investigate and respond to illness in agricultural workers, including workers with limited access to health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 34","pages":"734-739"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reported Non-Substance-Related Mental Health Disorders Among Persons Who Died of Drug Overdose - United States, 2022.","authors":"Amanda T Dinwiddie, Stephanie Gupta, Christine L Mattson, Julie O'Donnell, Puja Seth","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug overdose deaths remain a public health crisis in the United States; nearly 107,000 and nearly 108,000 deaths occurred in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Persons with mental health conditions are at increased risk for overdose. In addition, substance use disorders and non-substance-related mental health disorders (MHDs) frequently co-occur. Using data from CDC's State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System, this report describes characteristics of persons in 43 states and the District of Columbia who died of unintentional or undetermined intent drug overdose and had any MHD. In 2022, 21.9% of persons who died of drug overdose had a reported MHD. Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, the most frequently reported MHDs were depressive (12.9%), anxiety (9.4%), and bipolar (5.9%) disorders. Overall, approximately 80% of overdose deaths involved opioids, primarily illegally manufactured fentanyls. Higher proportions of deaths among decedents with an MHD involved antidepressants (9.7%) and benzodiazepines (15.3%) compared with those without an MHD (3.3% and 8.5%, respectively). Nearly one quarter of decedents with an MHD had at least one recent potential opportunity for intervention (e.g., approximately one in 10 decedents were undergoing substance use disorder treatment, and one in 10 visited an emergency department or urgent care facility within 1 month of death). Expanding efforts to identify and address co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders (e.g., integrated screening and treatment) and strengthen treatment retention and harm reduction services could save lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 34","pages":"747-753"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Health Indicators Among Caregivers - United States, 2015-2016 to 2021-2022.","authors":"Greta Kilmer, John D Omura, Erin D Bouldin, Jenny Walker, Katie Spears, Janelle Gore, Akilah R Ali, Lisa C McGuire","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7334a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caregivers provide support to persons who might otherwise require placement in long-term care facilities. Approximately one in five U.S. adults provides care to family members or friends who have a chronic health condition or disability. Promoting the well-being of this large segment of the population is a public health priority as recognized by the 2022 National Strategy to Support Family Caregivers. Although negative associations between caregiving and caregiver health are known, changes in the health status of caregivers over time are not. Data from the 2015-2016 and 2021-2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed to compare changes in the prevalence of 19 health indicators among cross-sectional samples of caregivers and noncaregivers at different time points. Caregivers experienced improvements in prevalence of four health indicators, whereas six worsened. Some health indicators, such as cigarette smoking, improved for both caregivers and noncaregivers, although smoking prevalence remained higher for caregivers (16.6% versus 11.7%). Prevalence of lifetime depression increased for both groups and remained higher among caregivers (25.6%) than among noncaregivers (18.6%). During 2021-2022, age-adjusted estimates for caregivers were unfavorable for 13 of the 19 health indicators when compared with noncaregivers. Strategies for supporting caregivers are available, and integrating these with existing programs to address mental health and chronic diseases among this population might improve caregiver well-being. For example, many community organizations support caregivers by offering interventions designed to relieve caregiver strain, including skills training, support groups, and care coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 34","pages":"740-746"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vital Signs: Trends and Disparities in Childhood Vaccination Coverage by Vaccines for Children Program Eligibility - National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2012-2022.","authors":"Madeleine R Valier, David Yankey, Laurie D Elam-Evans, Michael Chen, Holly A Hill, Yi Mu, Cassandra Pingali, Juan A Gomez, Bayo C Arthur, Tamara Surtees, Samuel B Graitcer, Nicole F Dowling, Shannon Stokley, Georgina Peacock, James A Singleton","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7333e1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7333e1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Vaccines for Children (VFC) program was established in 1994 to provide recommended vaccines at no cost to eligible children and help ensure that all U.S. children are protected from life-threatening vaccine-preventable diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CDC analyzed data from the 2012-2022 National Immunization Survey-Child (NIS-Child) to assess trends in vaccination coverage with ≥1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR), 2-3 doses of rotavirus vaccine, and a combined 7-vaccine series, by VFC program eligibility status, and to examine differences in coverage among VFC-eligible children by sociodemographic characteristics. VFC eligibility was defined as meeting at least one of the following criteria: 1) American Indian or Alaska Native; 2) insured by Medicaid, Indian Health Service (IHS), or uninsured; or 3) ever received at least one vaccination at an IHS-operated center, Tribal health center, or urban Indian health care facility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, approximately 52.2% of U.S. children were VFC eligible. Among VFC-eligible children born during 2011-2020, coverage by age 24 months was stable for ≥1 MMR dose (88.0%-89.9%) and the combined 7-vaccine series (61.4%-65.3%). Rotavirus vaccination coverage by age 8 months was 64.8%-71.1%, increasing by an average of 0.7 percentage points annually. Among all children born in 2020, coverage was 3.8 (≥1 MMR dose), 11.5 (2-3 doses of rotavirus vaccine), and 13.8 (combined 7-vaccine series) percentage points lower among VFC-eligible than among non-VFC-eligible children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications for public health practice: </strong>Although the VFC program has played a vital role in increasing and maintaining high levels of childhood vaccination coverage for 30 years, gaps remain. Enhanced efforts must ensure that parents and guardians of VFC-eligible children are aware of, have confidence in, and are able to obtain all recommended vaccines for their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 33","pages":"722-730"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13-17 Years - National Immunization Survey-Teen, United States, 2023.","authors":"Cassandra Pingali, David Yankey, Michael Chen, Laurie D Elam-Evans, Lauri E Markowitz, Carla L DeSisto, Sarah F Schillie, Michelle Hughes, Madeleine R Valier, Shannon Stokley, James A Singleton","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7333a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7333a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on safety and efficacy data, vaccinations are the best defense to protect persons and communities from serious vaccine-preventable diseases. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends routine vaccination of adolescents aged 11-12 years with three vaccines including tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine; quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine; and human papillomavirus vaccine. CDC analyzed data from the 2023 National Immunization Survey-Teen for 16,658 adolescents aged 13-17 years (born during January 2005-December 2010) to assess vaccination coverage in 2023, recent trends in coverage by birth year, and trends in coverage by eligibility for the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program and birth year. In 2023, coverage with all routine vaccines recommended for adolescents was similar to coverage in 2022. Vaccination coverage among VFC-eligible adolescents was generally stable during the COVID-19 pandemic, except for a decrease in the percentage of VFC-eligible adolescents who were up to date with HPV vaccination by age 13 years among those born in 2010 compared with those born in 2007. Whereas coverage differences were found between VFC-eligible and non-VFC-eligible adolescents before the COVID-19 pandemic, coverage was similar among the most recent birth years in the survey. Providers should make strong recommendations for all routine vaccines and review adolescent vaccination records to verify if adolescents are up to date with all recommended vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 33","pages":"708-714"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescent Girls Aged 13-17 Years - U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands, 2013-2023.","authors":"Ashley Tippins, Glodi Mutamba, E M Boyd, Kelsey C Coy, Jennifer L Kriss","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7333a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7333a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women, and the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region, where the U.S.-affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) are located, accounts for one quarter of all estimated cases. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are recommended at age 11-12 years to prevent most cervical cancers. HPV vaccines were introduced across USAPI during 2007-2016, predominantly provided through school-located vaccination programs. Retrospective analysis using data from jurisdictional immunization information systems was used to estimate vaccination coverage among adolescent girls as of the last day of each calendar year during 2013-2023. This analysis measured progress toward the WHO 2030 vaccination coverage goal of ≥90% completion of the HPV vaccination series among girls by age 15 years. As of December 2023, initiation of the HPV vaccination series among adolescent girls aged 13-17 years ranged from 58.0% in Palau to 97.2% in the Northern Mariana Islands, and HPV vaccination series completion coverage ranged from 43.4% in Palau to 91.8% in the Northern Mariana Islands. HPV vaccination series completion coverage is >90% in the Northern Mariana Islands and is on track to meet WHO goals by 2030 in American Samoa. Assessment of adolescent vaccination coverage can help immunization programs monitor progress toward regional goals and identify populations and areas with low coverage. Implementing evidence-based strategies to increase vaccine access and coverage would benefit jurisdictions with lagging coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 33","pages":"715-721"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Tularemia Associated with Harbor Seal Necropsy - Kitsap County, Washington, October 2023.","authors":"Wendy Inouye, Hanna N Oltean, Michelle McMillan, Hanna Schnitzler, Beth Lipton, JohnAric MoonDance Peterson, Sylvia DuVernois, Kevin Snekvik, Rebecca M Wolking, Jeannine Petersen, Elizabeth A Dietrich, Laurel Respicio-Kingry, Gib Morrow","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm73333a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm73333a3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 33","pages":"731-732"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Drug Overdose Death* Rates,^† by State - United States, 2022.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7332a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7332a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 32","pages":"708"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}