MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report最新文献

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Rollout of Nirsevimab to Protect Infants and Young Children During the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Season - New York City, 2023-2024.","authors":"Melanie S Askari, Kristin Oliver, Denise Benkel, Melissa Mickle-Hope, Vincent Tam, Marisa Langdon-Embry, Georgia Elysee, Bindy Crouch","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7348a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7348a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 48","pages":"1107-1109"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated Recommendation for Universal Hepatitis B Vaccination in Adults Aged 19-59 Years - United States, 2024.","authors":"Amy L Sandul, Karina Rapposelli, Melissa Nyendak, Min Kim","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7348a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7348a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccines have demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy during the past 4 decades (1,2). The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends universal HepB vaccination for adults aged 19-59 years, including pregnant persons, and adults aged ≥60 years with risk factors for hepatitis B. Adults aged ≥60 years without known risk factors for hepatitis B may also receive HepB vaccines (2).</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 48","pages":"1106"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress Toward UNAIDS Global HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Targets: CDC-Supported Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis - 37 Countries, 2017─2023.","authors":"Megan E Peck, Stephanie Davis, Elijah Odoyo-June, Jonathan Mwangi, Elvis Oyugi, Thai Hoang, Marcos Canda, Jessica Seleme, Maria Bock, Lylie Ndeikemona, Sibongile Dladla, Richard Machava, Nyagonde Nyagonde, Abdul Mashauri, Anna Colletar Awor, Stella Alamo, Omega Chituwo, Tina Chisenga, Rickie Malaba, Miriam Mutseta, Carrine Angumua, Kingsly Tse Nkwoh, Janique Ricketts, Kelly-Ann Gordon-Johnson, Victor Adamu, Scott Adamu-Oyegun, John Mondi Benson, Sudhir Bunga, Nasim Farach, Carlos Castaneda, Luis Bonilla, Sharmeen Premjee, Hanna B Demeke, Gaston Djomand, Carlos Toledo, Ramona Bhatia","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reduces HIV acquisition risk from sex by 99% and from injection drug use by ≥74% when used as recommended. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has set a goal of 21.2 million persons using (initiating or continuing) PrEP globally in 2025. In 2016, CDC, with the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, joined ministries of health to implement PrEP globally. PrEP is beneficial for persons at substantial risk for acquiring HIV, including but not limited to key populations, which include female sex workers, men who have sex with men, persons in prisons and other enclosed settings, persons who inject drugs, and transgender persons. Annual country targets were used to guide scale-up. In 2023, CDC supported 856,816 PrEP initiations, which represents nearly one quarter of the 3.5 million persons globally who either initiated or continued PrEP that year. During 2017-2023, CDC supported PrEP initiations for 2,278,743 persons, 96.0% of whom were in sub-Saharan Africa. More than one half (64.0%) were female and 44.9% were aged 15-24 years. Overall, CDC achieved 118.7% of its PrEP initiation targets for the 7-year period. Among PrEP initiations for key populations, the majority in sub-Saharan Africa were female sex workers, whereas in Southeast Asia, Eurasia, and the Americas, the majority were men who have sex with men. Continued rapid scale-up is needed to meet the UNAIDS goal to end HIV as a public health threat.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1082-1086"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Increased Activity of Human Parvovirus B19 Using Commercial Laboratory Testing of Clinical Samples and Source Plasma Donor Pools - United States, 2024.","authors":"David Alfego, Alfonso C Hernandez-Romieu, Melissa Briggs-Hagen, Stephanie Dietz, Laura Gillim, Suzanne E Dale, Ajay Grover, Jeffrey Albrecht, Deborah Sesok-Pizzini, Marcia Eisenberg, Cria O Gregory, Brian Poirier","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In most persons, human parvovirus B19 (B19) causes a mild respiratory illness, but infection can result in adverse health outcomes in persons who are pregnant, immunocompromised, or who have chronic hemolytic blood disorders. During the first quarter of 2024, several European countries reported increases in B19 activity. In the United States, there is no routine surveillance for B19. To assess increases in B19 activity in the United States, trends in testing and results from two independent populations were examined: 1) the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies, a marker of recent infection, in clinical specimens ordered by physicians and 2) B19 nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) in pooled donor source plasma from a large commercial laboratory during 2018-2024. The proportion of IgM-positive clinical specimens reached 9.9% in the second quarter (Q2) of 2024 after remaining <1.5% during 2020-2023 and was higher than Q2 peaks in 2018 (3.8%, p<0.001) and 2019 (5.1%, p<0.001). The prevalence of B19-NAAT-positive donor pools (512 donations per pool) reached 20% in June 2024 after remaining <2% during 2020-2023 and was higher than peaks in 2018 (6.7%, p<0.001) and 2019 (7.3%, p<0.001). Considering the B19 activity increase in the United States in 2024, promotion of measures to prevent respiratory viruses and monitor for adverse B19-related outcomes by health care providers and public health authorities might reduce adverse health outcomes in pregnant persons and others at increased risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1076-1081"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Human Parvovirus B19 Infections Among Pregnant Persons - Minnesota, January-September 2024.","authors":"Stephen Contag, Elizabeth M Dufort, Sarah Lim, Tyler Winkelman, Jennifer Zipprich, Lindsey Erickson, Mel Anacker, Nayanjot Kaur Rai, Kristen Ojo, Danielle Kvasager, Henry D Kunerth, R Adams Dudley, Pamala Gahr, Kelly R Bergmann, Alanna M Chamberlain, Summer Martins, Stephen Waring, Bjorn Westgard, Kristin Sweet, Paul Drawz, Ruth Lynfield","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1087-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe and Fatal Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever After Exposure in Tecate, Mexico - California, July 2023-January 2024.","authors":"Anne M Kjemtrup, Jill K Hacker, Madeleine Monroe, Vicki Williams, Charles Lines, Karla Lopez, Christopher D Paddock, Ann Carpenter, Johanna S Salzer, Julian A Villalba, Julu Bhatnagar, Seema Shah, Esmeralda Iniguez-Stevens, Theodore C Efthemeou, Vannia Hernandez, Duc J Vugia, Vicki L Kramer","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a tickborne disease endemic in areas of the Americas. Persistent high incidence of the disease exists in northern Mexico, perpetuated by local populations of brown dog ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) and free-roaming dogs. Six cases of RMSF caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, including three deaths, were reported to the California Department of Public Health during July 2023-January 2024. All six patients were eventually determined to have had exposure to R. rickettsii in Tecate, Mexico, a municipality on the U.S. border that had not been previously described as a high-risk RMSF area. Identification and reporting of the cases were complicated by challenges in diagnosis. The serious nature of the disease and delays in initiating appropriate treatment can result in life-threatening consequences. Epidemiologic collaborations among local, state, federal, and international public health agencies were essential to identifying Tecate as the location of exposure. Further collaborations will be important for directing future prevention measures. Increased health care provider awareness of RMSF is critical on both sides of the border to facilitate earlier diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1069-1075"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Increase in Diagnoses of Human Parvovirus B19-Associated Aplastic Crises in Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease - Atlanta, Georgia, December 14, 2023-September 30, 2024.","authors":"Marianne E M Yee, Grace G Kalmus, Ashwin P Patel, Jason N Payne, Amy Tang, Beatrice E Gee","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a5","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7347a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 47","pages":"1090-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Percentage* of Adults Aged ≥18 Years with Diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,^† by Urbanization Level - United States, 2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a5","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1067"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coverage with Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and COVID-19 Vaccines Among Nursing Home Residents - National Healthcare Safety Network, United States, November 2024.","authors":"Hannah E Reses, George Segovia, Heather Dubendris, Kira Barbre, Sushmitha Ananth, Brynn Lape-Newman, Emily Wong, Molly Stillions, Theresa Rowe, Elizabeth Mothershed, Erika Wallender, Evelyn Twentyman, Ryan E Wiegand, Pragna Patel, Andrea Benin, Jeneita M Bell","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nursing home residents are at elevated risk for severe complications from respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Nursing homes are required to report COVID-19 vaccination coverage and can voluntarily report influenza and RSV vaccination coverage among residents to CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network. The purpose of this study was to assess COVID-19, influenza, and RSV vaccination coverage among nursing home residents early in the 2024-25 respiratory virus season. As of November 10, 2024, 29.7% of nursing home residents had received a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine. Among residents at facilities that elected to report vaccination against influenza (59.4% of facilities) and RSV (51.8% of facilities), 58.4% had received influenza vaccination, and 17.9% had received RSV vaccination. Vaccination coverage varied by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services region, social vulnerability index level, and facility size. Addressing low coverage with COVID-19, influenza, and RSV vaccines is a priority to protect residents who are susceptible to severe outcomes associated with respiratory illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1052-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes from the Field: Trends in Emergency Department Visits for Firearm Injuries - United States, January 2018-December 2023.","authors":"Kristin M Holland, Yushiuan Chen, Marissa L Zwald, Steven A Sumner, Katherine A Fowler, Michael Sheppard, Thomas R Simon","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a4","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7346a4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"73 46","pages":"1064-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}