MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report最新文献

{"title":"Welder's Anthrax Treated with Obiltoxaximab - Louisiana, 2024.","authors":"Julie M Thompson, Eric W Lundstrom, Lindsay D Hein, Cari A Beesley, Chung K Marston, Rebecca Zaayenga, Christopher A Gulvik, Taylor K Paisie, Julie Hand, Chad H Dowell, Karl Feldmann, Dawn Blackburn, Caroline A Schrodt, William A Bower, Katherine M DeBord, Brian T Richardson, Danielle Haydel, Latira Haynes, Patricia A Yu, Yon Yu, Abigail Cocco, Maren Bell-Do, Michael Bacon, James Antonini, Nancy Burton, Zachary P Weiner, Alex R Hoffmaster, Marie A de Perio, Caitlin M Cossaboom, Theresa Sokol","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7442a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7442a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In September 2024, the ninth documented case of welder's anthrax was identified in a previously healthy male welder, aged 18 years, from Louisiana, who was hospitalized with pneumonia and respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Welder's anthrax is a recently described life-threatening pneumonia caused by infection with anthrax toxin-producing Bacillus cereus group bacteria; risk factors for infection are not well-understood. Eight previous cases (six fatal) were reported among welders or metalworkers from Louisiana and Texas. A coordinated state and federal response facilitated use of the anthrax antitoxin obiltoxaximab (Anthim), which was administered in combination with recommended multidrug antimicrobial therapy for inhalation anthrax, including bactericidal agents and protein synthesis inhibitors. The patient's clinical condition improved rapidly after administration of obiltoxaximab and antimicrobials and drainage of a pleural effusion. He was discharged with a tailored antibiotic regimen after a 26-day hospitalization; all of his pulmonary symptoms had resolved by his 3-month follow-up visit. An environmental investigation identified anthrax toxin genes in 28 (11.4%) of 245 soil and nonporous surface samples collected from the patient's worksite; however, this investigation did not clearly identify host or occupational factors that contributed to his illness. Enhanced workplace safety protocols and improved engineering and administrative controls could minimize exposure to dust and welding fumes and potentially decrease environmental exposure to infectious disease agents among metalworkers. Welder's anthrax should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia among welders and metalworkers, particularly those who live in or have worked in the southern United States. Health care providers should consult with CDC as soon as welder's anthrax is suspected to facilitate release of anthrax countermeasures, including antitoxins such as obiltoxaximab, as adjunctive therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 42","pages":"641-647"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12752933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145863642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress Toward Eradication of Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) - Worldwide, January 2024-June 2025.","authors":"Donald R Hopkins, Adam J Weiss, Sarah Yerian, Ynes R Ortega, Yujing Zhao, Obiora A Eneanya, Vitaliano A Cama","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7442a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7442a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease), caused by the parasite Dracunculus medinensis, is acquired by drinking water containing small water fleas infected with D. medinensis larvae or eating inadequately cooked aquatic animals. Efforts to eradicate D. medinensis, including the Guinea Worm Eradication Program (GWEP), began at CDC in 1980. In 1986, with an estimated 3.5 million cases in 20 African and Asian countries, the World Health Assembly called for dracunculiasis elimination in specific geographic areas; this goal was later expanded to global eradication. GWEP has been led by The Carter Center since 1986 and is supported by countries with endemic dracunculiasis, CDC, the World Health Organization, UNICEF, and other partners. During 1986-2023, human dracunculiasis cases decreased by >99%, from an estimated 3.5 million to 14 worldwide. Since 2012, environmental contamination from infected animals has posed a new challenge to eradication, as have ongoing civil unrest and insecurity in some areas. As of June 2025, indigenous dracunculiasis transmission was occurring in six countries (Angola, Cameroon, Chad, Ethiopia, Mali, and South Sudan). Fifteen human cases and 664 animal infections were reported in 2024, including 299 canine infections in Cameroon and 234 in Chad; during January-June 2025, one human case and 550 animal infections were reported. Animal infections and public health personnel's impeded access to the population due to civil unrest and insecurity in Mali, South Sudan, and Sudan threaten the near-term possibility of disease eradication. Nevertheless, countries and partners appear poised to reach zero human cases soon.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 42","pages":"648-654"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12752934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145863594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nirsevimab Effectiveness Against Intensive Care Unit Admission for Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants - 24 States, December 2024-April 2025.","authors":"Laura D Zambrano, Regina M Simeone, Margaret M Newhams, Amanda B Payne, Natasha B Halasa, Amber O Orzel-Lockwood, Jemima M Calixte, Satoshi Kamidani, Hillary Crandall, Melissa A Cameron, Jennifer E Schuster, Aline B Maddux, Kathleen Chiotos, Katherine Irby, Steven L Shein, Mary Allen Staat, Lora M Martin, Samina S Bhumbra, Ryan A Nofziger, Jigar C Chauhan, Danielle M Zerr, Shira J Gertz, Judith A Guzman-Cottrill, Michele Kong, Janet R Hume, Bria M Coates, Kelly N Michelson, Emily R Levy, Tamara T Bradford, Stephanie P Schwartz, Tracie C Walker, Melissa S Stockwell, Austin Biggs, Alexander H Hogan, Katherine Lindsey, Angela P Campbell, Adrienne G Randolph","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7437a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7437a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and respiratory failure among infants (children aged <1 year) in the United States. In August 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, to protect against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection among all infants aged <8 months born during or entering their first RSV season. Following licensure, nirsevimab effectiveness has been demonstrated against RSV-associated infant hospitalization, but evidence regarding effectiveness against RSV-associated critical illness is limited. In a 27-hospital case-control investigation, nirsevimab effectiveness against both RSV-associated infant ICU admission and acute respiratory failure (illness requiring continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel positive airway pressure, or invasive mechanical ventilation) after hospital admission was evaluated during December 1, 2024-April 15, 2025. Among 457 case-patients who received a positive RSV test result and 302 control patients who received a negative RSV test result admitted to an ICU with respiratory symptoms, 14% and 45%, respectively, had received nirsevimab ≥7 days before symptom onset. Nirsevimab was 80% effective (95% CI = 70%-86%) against RSV-associated ICU admission and 83% effective (95% CI = 74%-90%) against acute respiratory failure when received a median of 52 days (IQR = 32-89 days) and 50 days (IQR = 32-86 days) before onset for each respective endpoint. These estimates support the recommendation for use of nirsevimab as a prevention strategy to protect infants against severe outcomes from RSV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 37","pages":"580-588"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145687697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Vol. 74, No. RR-1.","authors":"","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7435a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7435a3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 35","pages":"554"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2025-26 Influenza Season.","authors":"Lisa A Grohskopf, Lenee H Blanton, Jill M Ferdinands, Carrie Reed, Vivien G Dugan, Demetre C Daskalakis","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7432a2","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7432a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report updates the 2024-25 recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) concerning the use of seasonal influenza vaccines in the United States. Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months who do not have a contraindication to vaccination. Multiple formulations of the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV3s), trivalent recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV3), and trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV3) are expected to be available for the 2025-26 influenza season. Updates for the 2025-26 season include 1) antigenic composition of 2025-26 U.S. seasonal influenza vaccines, 2) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of FluMist (LAIV3) for self-administration or caregiver administration, 3) FDA approval of a change in age indication for Flublok (RIV3) from ≥18 years to ≥9 years, and 4) a new ACIP recommendation that children aged ≤18 years, pregnant women, and all adults receive seasonal influenza vaccines only in single-dose formulations that are free of thimerosal as a preservative. A comprehensive summary of recommendations, including those discussed in this report, as well as previous recommendations concerning topics not addressed in this report and that remain unchanged for the 2025-26 season, is available at Influenza | ACIP Recommendations for Vaccination. Additional background information also is available at Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 32","pages":"500-507"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12393693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144961081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Clesrovimab for Prevention of Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Infants: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2025.","authors":"Danielle L Moulia, Ruth Link-Gelles, Helen Y Chu, Denise Jamieson, Oliver Brooks, Sarah Meyer, Eric S Weintraub, David K Shay, Mila M Prill, Ebony S Thomas, David Hutton, Ismael R Ortega-Sanchez, Adam MacNeil, Meredith L McMorrow, Jefferson M Jones","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7432a3","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7432a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Before the introduction of universal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunization recommendations for infants, RSV was the leading cause of hospitalization among infants in the United States. Since 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended that all infants be protected against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) through either 1) maternal RSV vaccination during pregnancy (Abrysvo, Pfizer) or 2) administration of nirsevimab (Beyfortus, Sanofi and AstraZeneca), a long-acting RSV monoclonal antibody, to the infant. In June 2025, the Food and Drug Administration licensed clesrovimab (Enflonsia, Merck), a second long-acting RSV monoclonal antibody, for prevention of RSV-associated LRTI in infants. Since September 2024, the ACIP Maternal/Pediatric RSV Work Group has reviewed evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of clesrovimab use in infants. On June 26, 2025, ACIP recommended clesrovimab as a second long-acting monoclonal antibody product that could be used as an alternative to nirsevimab for prevention of RSV-associated LRTI among infants aged <8 months who are born during or entering their first RSV season and who are not protected through maternal RSV vaccination. All infants should be protected against RSV-associated LRTI through use of one of these three products (i.e., maternal RSV vaccination or administration of nirsevimab or clesrovimab to the infant). No one product is preferred; the choice should be guided by parent preference, product availability, and timing of the infant's birth relative to the RSV season.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 32","pages":"508-514"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12393692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144961104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug Overdose Deaths Involving Stimulants - United States, January 2018-June 2024.","authors":"Lauren J Tanz, Kimberly D Miller, Amanda T Dinwiddie, R Matt Gladden, Alice Asher, Grant Baldwin, Brandon Nesbit, Julie O'Donnell","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7432a1","DOIUrl":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7432a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug overdose deaths involving stimulants have increased in the United States since 2011. This report describes characteristics of stimulant-involved overdose deaths during January 2021-June 2024 using CDC's State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System data and trends by drug and race and ethnicity during 2018-2023 using CDC's National Vital Statistics System data. Overall, 59.0% of overdose deaths involved stimulants, 43.1% co-involved stimulants and opioids, and 15.9% involved stimulants and no opioids during January 2021-June 2024. Persons who died of overdoses involving stimulants and no opioids were older (aged ≥45 years; 66.5% versus 44.2%) and more frequently had a history of cardiovascular disease (38.7% versus 21.2%) than those who died of overdoses involving stimulants and opioids. Stimulant-involved overdose death rates increased from 2018 to 2023 (cocaine: 4.5 per 100,000 population to 8.6; psychostimulants with abuse potential, primarily methamphetamine: 3.9 to 10.4). Increases were largest for psychostimulants among non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native persons (11.0 in 2018 to 32.9 in 2023) and cocaine among non-Hispanic Black or African American persons (9.1 to 24.3), driven by deaths co-involving stimulants and opioids. Increases in stimulant-involved deaths suggest the need for expanded access to evidence-based stimulant use disorder treatments, evaluation of medication-based treatments for stimulant use disorder and treatments for co-occurring substance use disorders, and engagement of persons who use stimulants and who might be missed by opioid-focused prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 32","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12393691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144961015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reoccurring Salmonella Cotham Outbreak Linked to Pet Bearded Dragons - United States, 2024.","authors":"Lingzi Xiaoli, Paula Huth, Cassandra Sherman, Danielle Wroblewski, Stacy Anderson, Lindsey Ferraro, Dee Jones, Molly Slaughter, Brenda Morningstar, Tonya Mackie, Natalee Bowen, Molly Leeper, Katie Werner, Katharine Benedict, Kate Varela","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7431a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7431a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In April 2024, CDC's PulseNet identified a cluster of seven Salmonella Cotham cases from five states. Isolates were highly related by whole genome sequencing (WGS), and one patient reported contact with a pet bearded dragon. CDC initiated a multistate investigation and as of December 10, 2024, an additional 19 cases had been identified, for a total of 26 confirmed cases from 13 states; state public health partners identified one probable case in an additional state for a total of 27 cases. Eighteen of 25 cases (72%) were among persons who reported contact with a bearded dragon or lizard. Children aged <5 years, especially infants, were disproportionately affected, accounting for 17 (65%) of the 26 confirmed cases; most had bearded dragons in the home without direct animal contact. WGS of two bearded dragon specimens collected in 2024 and three bearded dragon specimens collected during 2012-2014 confirmed genetic relatedness of this rare Salmonella strain and continued circulation among commercially sold bearded dragons. CDC implemented a One Health approach in response, working with pet industry representatives to disseminate information about biosecurity best practices to bearded dragon suppliers and retailers. Investigators contacted a common bearded dragon supplier identified in the traceback investigation to share biosecurity and prevention recommendations. CDC used social media and a website investigation notice to inform the public, recommending that caregivers prevent young children from indirect reptile contact by restricting reptiles from roaming freely, separating reptiles and supplies from food preparation areas, and washing hands and changing clothes after handling reptiles and before holding infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 31","pages":"474-479"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144961009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization Coverage Among Infants Through Receipt of Nirsevimab Monoclonal Antibody or Maternal Vaccination - United States, October 2023-March 2024.","authors":"Ellen O Boundy, Hannah Fast, Tara C Jatlaoui, Hilda Razzaghi, LaTreace Harris, Kimberly Nguyen, Jamie Mells, Georgina Peacock, Carla L Black","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7431a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7431a3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant hospitalization in the United States. A new RSV monoclonal antibody (nirsevimab) for infants and an RSV vaccine for pregnant women were recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in August and September 2023, respectively, to protect infants against RSV infection. Sufficient data have become available to allow estimates of infant RSV immunization coverage through administration of these products. Among infants born during October 2023-March 2024, infant RSV immunization coverage was estimated by summing the total number of infants who received nirsevimab and the number of women of childbearing age who received RSV vaccine, as reported to immunization information systems (IISs) in 33 U.S. states and the District of Columbia (DC), and dividing by the total number of live births, obtained from CDC Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) natality data. Across 33 states and DC, an estimated 29% of infants born during October 2023-March 2024 were immunized against RSV during the 2023-24 respiratory virus season, including 19% through infant receipt of nirsevimab and 10% through maternal RSV vaccination. Infant RSV immunization coverage through nirsevimab or maternal vaccination ranged from an estimated 11% to 53% by state. Among infants who received nirsevimab, 38% received it within the first week of life (0-6 days after birth). Continued efforts are needed to increase RSV immunization coverage among infants and pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 31","pages":"484-489"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144961096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabies Outbreak in an Urban, Unmanaged Cat Colony - Maryland, August 2024.","authors":"Sarah Ludmer, David Crum, Ryan Wallace, Jeré Hutson","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7431a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7431a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to a rabid animal is a life-threatening emergency because infection is almost always fatal if rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is not initiated promptly. In August 2024, the Maryland Department of Health was notified that an aggressive feral cat had been captured and euthanized and had subsequently received a positive test result for rabies. The cat was part of a group of approximately 20 local feral cats and kittens that was receiving no, or little, human care (i.e., an unmanaged cat colony). Cecil County (Maryland) Health Department and the Maryland Department of Health coordinated with Cecil County Animal Services, Cecil County Emergency Services, and CDC to identify and interview persons potentially exposed to the rabid cat, which included a novel use of reverse 911 messaging. Three persons were identified who had been exposed, and all received PEP. No human rabies cases occurred. Three additional cats from the colony were captured and euthanized; their rabies test results were negative. Unmanaged cat colonies pose public health risks, and extensive resources might be required to prevent negative health outcomes. Cat colony management, including activities to maintain high rabies vaccination coverage within colonies, can help to mitigate these risks. A better understanding of urban cat ecology and its role in rabies transmission and human exposure is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":"74 31","pages":"480-483"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144961040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}