MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-04-24DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102045
Ali Jawad Akki , Srinivas Nanduri , Shankargouda V Patil , Kusal K Das , Prachi Parvatikar
{"title":"Exploring the microRNA-mitochondrial nexus in hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Ali Jawad Akki , Srinivas Nanduri , Shankargouda V Patil , Kusal K Das , Prachi Parvatikar","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are double-edged swords in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that play a dual role in disease progression and suppression. The pivotal role of miRNAs in gene regulation emphasizes their potential to disrupt critical cellular processes, including mitochondrial function. Given the indispensable role of mitochondria in energy production, apoptosis, and metabolic control, all of which are central to HCC progression, understanding the miRNA-mitochondria axis is crucial. MiRNAs emerge as pivotal regulators of mitochondrial function, exerting profound influence over HCC progression. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in modulating mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and apoptosis. MiRNA impacts key metabolic pathways, including energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and oxidative stress. The intricate interplay between miRNAs and mitochondrial function extends to the regulation of mitophagy and ferroptosis. By exploring the microRNA-mitochondrial axis, this review offers insights for identifying novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102042
Elly H. Shin , Quinn Le , Rachel Barboza , Amanda Morin , Shiva M. Singh , Christina A. Castellani
{"title":"Mitochondrial transplantation: Triumphs, challenges, and impacts on nuclear genome remodelling","authors":"Elly H. Shin , Quinn Le , Rachel Barboza , Amanda Morin , Shiva M. Singh , Christina A. Castellani","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles of eukaryotic cells that play crucial roles in cell functioning and homeostasis, including ATP generation for cellular energy. Mitochondrial function is associated with several complex diseases and disorders, including cardiovascular, cardiometabolic, neurodegenerative diseases and some cancers. The risk for these diseases and disorders is often associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly the quantitative and qualitative features of the mitochondrial genome. Emerging results implicate mito-nuclear crosstalk as the mechanism by which mtDNA variation affects complex disease outcomes. Experimental approaches are emerging for the targeting of mitochondria as a potential therapeutic for several of these diseases, particularly in the form of mitochondrial transplantation. Current approaches to mitochondrial transplantation generally involve isolating healthy mitochondria from donor cells and introducing them to diseased recipients towards amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction. Using such a protocol, several reports have shown recovery of mitochondrial function and improved disease outcomes post-mitochondrial transplantation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic method for several complex, severe and debilitating diseases. Additionally, the mitochondrial genome can be modified prior to transplantation to target disease-associated site-specific mutations and to reduce the ratio of mutant-to-WT alleles. These promising results may underlie the potential impact of mitochondrial transplantation on mito-nuclear genome interactions in the setting of the disease. Further, we recommend that mitochondrial transplantation experimentation include an assessment of potential impacts on remodelling of the nuclear genome, particularly the nuclear epigenome and transcriptome. Herein, we review these and other triumphs and challenges of mitochondrial transplantation as a potential novel therapeutic for mitochondria-associated diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102042"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102040
Isabel Amador-Martínez , Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera , Mauricio Raziel Martínez-Castañeda , José Pedraza-Chaverri
{"title":"Mitochondrial quality control and stress signaling pathways in the pathophysiology of cardio-renal diseases","authors":"Isabel Amador-Martínez , Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera , Mauricio Raziel Martínez-Castañeda , José Pedraza-Chaverri","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondria are essential organelles for cellular function and have become a broad field of study. In cardio-renal diseases, it has been established that mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary mechanism leading to these pathologies. Under stress, mitochondria can develop stress response mechanisms to maintain mitochondrial quality control (MQC) and functions. In contrast, the perturbation of these mechanisms has been associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases. Thus, targeting specific pathways within MQC could offer a therapeutic avenue for protecting mitochondrial integrity. However, the mechanisms related to MQC and mitochondrial stress signaling in the cardio-renal axis have been poorly explored. The primary limitations include the lack of reproducibility in the experimental models of cardio-renal disease, the incomplete knowledge of molecules that generate bidirectional damage, and the temporality of the study models. Therefore, we believe that integration of all of those limitations, along with recent advances in MQC mechanisms (i.e., mitophagy), stress signaling pathways (e.g., integrated stress response, mitochondrial unfolded protein response, and mitochondrial protein import), associated pharmacology, and targeted therapeutic approaches could reveal what the deregulation of these mechanisms is like and provide ideas for generating strategies that seek to avoid the progression of cardio-renal diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102041
Himani Rani , Neeru Saini
{"title":"MiR-718-mediated inhibition of prohibitin 1 influences mitochondrial dynamics, proliferation, and migration of keratinocytes","authors":"Himani Rani , Neeru Saini","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Keratinocyte hyperproliferation is a key characteristic of psoriasis. Prohibitins (PHB) are known to be associated with keratinocyte proliferation and cell cycle regulation, influenced by mitochondrial processes. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of miR-718 overexpression and downregulation on the various PHB1-mitochondria-driven activities in HaCaT keratinocytes. We demonstrated that PHB1 expression is downregulated through direct targeting by miR-718, which then leads to a reduction in the expression of MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1 in miR-718-transfected cells, as evidenced by western blot analysis. Mitochondrial fusion and DRP1-mediated fission, as indicated by western blot results, were further validated using confocal imaging with CMXRoS labeling, contrasting with the effects of AM-718. JC-1 dye staining results demonstrated the miR-718 overexpression facilitates the mitochondrial membrane depolarization that highlighting the PHB1-OPA1 mediated depolarization. Moreover, OPA1 maintains mitochondrial cristae structure and its dysfunction can trigger cell death. Further PHB1 is known to regulate OPA1 function, alters mitochondrial morphology and significantly influences epithelial cell migration. Herein, our data demonstrated a reduction in keratinocyte proliferation and migration, as evidenced by the CCK assay and wound healing assay, respectively, following 24 h of transfection. Ultimately, our data indicates the potential involvement of miR-718 in the mitochondria-mediated suppression of cell proliferation and migration in HaCaT keratinocytes, likely due to modified mitochondrial processes via PHB1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miro1- a key player in β-cell function and mitochondrial dynamics under diabetes mellitus","authors":"Srikanth Kavyashree, Kannan Harithpriya, Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondrial health is crucial for the survival and function of β-cells, preserving glucose homeostasis and effective insulin production. Miro1, a mitochondrial Rho GTPase1 protein, plays an essential role in maintaining the<!--> <!-->quality of mitochondria by regulating calcium homeostasis and mitophagy. In this review, we aim to explore the dysfunction of Miro1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its contribution to impaired Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling, which increases oxidative stress in β-cells. This dysfunction is the hallmark of T2DM pathogenesis, leading to insufficient insulin production and poor glycemic control. Additionally, we discuss the role of Miro1 in modulating insulin secretion and inflammation, highlighting its effect on modulating key signaling cascades in β-cells. Altogether, enhancing Miro1 function and activity could alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing oxidative stress-mediated damage, and improving pancreatic β-cell survival. Targeting Miro1 with small molecules or gene-editing approaches could provide effective strategies for restoring cell function and insulin secretion in diabetic individuals. Exploring the deeper knowledge of Miro1 functions and interactions could lead to novel therapeutic advances in T2DM management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102035
Giovanni García-Cruz, Mercedes Esparza-Perusquía, Alejandro Cruz-Cárdenas, Diana Cruz-Vilchis, Oscar Flores-Herrera
{"title":"Kinetic characterization of respirasomes and free complex I from Yarrowia lipolytica","authors":"Giovanni García-Cruz, Mercedes Esparza-Perusquía, Alejandro Cruz-Cárdenas, Diana Cruz-Vilchis, Oscar Flores-Herrera","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mitochondrion is a highly dynamic organelle capable of adapting to external stimuli and the energetic demands of the cell. As the primary source of cellular ATP, generating approximately 90 % of the total, mitochondrion facilitates the association of respiratory complexes I, III<sub>2</sub>, and IV into supramolecular structures called respirasomes. This supramolecular organization enhances protein density within the mitochondrial inner membrane, enabling homogenous energy production. In this study, we investigate the subunits composition and the kinetic characterization of digitonin-solubilized respirasomes and the free complex I from <em>Yarrowia lipolytica</em> as well as their role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The NADH:DBQ oxido reductase activity of respirasome and free complex I was similar. Respiration by respirasome was inhibited with rotenone, antimycin A, or cyanide, simultaneously to an increase in the ROS production. A value of 1.6 ± 0.2 for the NADH oxidized/oxygen reduced ratio was determined for the respirasome activity. The role of interaction between complexes in the function of the respirasome is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-03-29DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102037
Piervito Lopriore , Andrea Legati , Christiane Michaela Neuhofer , Annalisa Lo Gerfo , Robert Kopajtich , Marco Barresi , Giulia Cecchi , Martin Pavlov , Rossella Izzo , Vincenzo Montano , Maria Adelaide Caligo , Riccardo Berutti , Michelangelo Mancuso , Holger Prokisch , Daniele Ghezzi
{"title":"An inherited mtDNA rearrangement, mimicking a single large-scale deletion, associated with MIDD and a primary cardiological phenotype","authors":"Piervito Lopriore , Andrea Legati , Christiane Michaela Neuhofer , Annalisa Lo Gerfo , Robert Kopajtich , Marco Barresi , Giulia Cecchi , Martin Pavlov , Rossella Izzo , Vincenzo Montano , Maria Adelaide Caligo , Riccardo Berutti , Michelangelo Mancuso , Holger Prokisch , Daniele Ghezzi","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To identify the genetic cause in a previously unsolved pedigree, with mother and two daughters suffering of dilated cardiomyopathy with prevailing arrhythmic burden associated with diabetes mellitus and sensorineural hearing loss, without clear evidence of progressive external ophthalmoplegia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Several genetic tests were performed over the years including single-gene sequencing, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing, NGS panel for mitochondrial diseases and cardiomyopathies, clinical exome sequencing and whole exome sequencing. Specific amplifications and long-read NGS were used to evaluate mtDNA structural alterations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>By means of whole exome sequencing we found a novel heteroplasmic 12 kb-long single deletion in the mtDNA in all affected family members, confirmed by long-range PCR. However, a deeper investigation by long-read NGS revealed indeed the presence of rearranged mtDNA species, formed by a wild-type plus a deleted molecule. This mtDNA duplication turned out to be inherited in our pedigree and present in all tested specimens.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While mtDNA single large-scale deletions are generally considered sporadic, few old reports described maternally inherited mtDNA duplication We suggest that mtDNA large rearrangements should be considered as possible disease causes in familial cases with unusual mitochondrial phenotypes. Long-read sequencing is useful for the detection of these variants, particularly mtDNA duplications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-03-29DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102033
Catherine Kelly , Marissa Cross , Alex Junker , Kris Englestad , Xiomara Q. Rosales , Michio Hirano , Caroline Trumpff , Martin Picard
{"title":"Perceived association of mood and symptom severity in adults with mitochondrial diseases","authors":"Catherine Kelly , Marissa Cross , Alex Junker , Kris Englestad , Xiomara Q. Rosales , Michio Hirano , Caroline Trumpff , Martin Picard","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with genetic mitochondrial diseases suffer from multisystem symptoms that vary in severity and over time, but the factors influencing disease manifestations are poorly understood. Based upon i) patient and family reports that stressful life events trigger or exacerbate symptoms, ii) biologically plausible pathways whereby psychological states and stress hormones influence mitochondrial energy transformation capacity, and iii) epidemiological literature linking traumatic/stressful life events and multiple neurologic disorders, we hypothesized that mitochondrial disease symptom severity may in part vary with daily mood. To examine patients’ perception around potential psycho-biological mechanisms known to operate in other chronic illnesses, we administered the <em>Stress, Health and Emotion Survey (SHES)</em> to 70 adults with self-reported mitochondrial diseases. Participants rated how severe each of their symptom(s) was over the past year, separately for either ‘good’ (happy, calm) or ‘bad’ (stress, sad) emotional days. On average, patients reported that most symptoms were better on “good” emotional days (p < 0.0001) and worse on “bad” emotional days (p < 0.0001). Of the 29 symptoms assessed, 27 were associated with daily mood (p < 0.01). Some but not all symptoms were reported to be less or more severe on good and bad days, respectively, including fatigue, exercise intolerance, brain fog, and fine motor coordination (ps < 0.0001). These associative results suggest that on average individuals living with mitochondrial diseases perceive a connection between their mood and symptoms severity. These preliminary findings constitute an initial step towards developing more comprehensive models to understand the psychobiological factors that influence the course of mitochondrial diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102033"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102036
Sudhir Kshirsagar , Rainier Vladlen Alvir , Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran , Arubala P. Reddy , P. Hemachandra Reddy
{"title":"Therapeutic potential of DDQ in enhancing mitochondrial health and cognitive function in Late-Onset Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Sudhir Kshirsagar , Rainier Vladlen Alvir , Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran , Arubala P. Reddy , P. Hemachandra Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. This study evaluates the therapeutic potential of DDQ, a small molecule in the humanized Abeta knockin (hAbKI) mice that represents late-onset AD. Our findings demonstrate that DDQ treatment significantly improves cognitive performance as assessed through behavioral tests, including the rotarod, open field, Y-maze, and Morris water maze, compared to untreated hAbKI mice. At the molecular level, DDQ promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, as evidenced by enhanced expression of key proteins like PGC1α, NRF1, and TFAM. Additionally, DDQ treatment facilitated mitophagy, as indicated by elevated levels of PINK1 and Parkin, and reduced neuroinflammation, reflected by decreased Iba1 and GFAP levels. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed a marked improvement in mitochondrial morphology, with increased mitochondrial length and reduced mitochondrial numbers in DDQ-treated mice. Furthermore, DDQ treatment led to an increase in mitophagic vacuoles, suggesting that it effectively removes dysfunctional mitochondria. Taken together, for the first time, our study results support the potential of DDQ as a promising neuroprotective agent for late-onset AD, addressing mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline. Our study focused on developing small molecules that modulate mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics and neuroinflammatory pathways for aging, AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MitochondrionPub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2025.102034
Anders Gudiksen, Eva Zhou, Louise Pedersen, Catherine A. Zaia, Cecilie E. Wille, Elisabeth V. Eliesen, Henriette Pilegaard
{"title":"Loss of PGC-1α causes depot-specific alterations in mitochondrial capacity, ROS handling and adaptive responses to metabolic stress in white adipose tissue","authors":"Anders Gudiksen, Eva Zhou, Louise Pedersen, Catherine A. Zaia, Cecilie E. Wille, Elisabeth V. Eliesen, Henriette Pilegaard","doi":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mito.2025.102034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White adipose tissue (WAT) delivers lipid-fueled metabolic support to systemic energy expenditure through control of lipolytic and re-esterifying regulatory pathways, facilitated by mitochondrial bioenergetic support. Mitochondria are important sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage may potentially derail adipocyte function when mitochondrial homeostasis is challenged by overproduction of ROS. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1α is a transcriptional co-activator that in skeletal muscle plays a central role in mitochondrial biogenesis and function but whether PGC-1α is equally important for mitochondrial function and adaptations in white adipose tissue remains to be fully resolved. The aim of the present study was to characterize the necessity of adipocyte PGC-1α for adaptive regulation of mitochondrial function in distinct white adipose depots. PGC-1α adipose tissue-specific knockout (ATKO) and floxed littermate control mice (CTRL) were subjected to either 24 h of fasting or 48 h of cold exposure. Bioenergetics, ROS handling, basal and adaptive protein responses, markers of protein damage as well as lipid cycling capacity and regulation were characterized in distinct WAT depots.</div><div>ATKO mice demonstrated impairments in respiration as well as reduced OXPHOS protein content in fed and fasted conditions. Increased ROS emission in tandem with diminished mitochondrial antioxidant defense capacity resulted in increased protein oxidation in ATKO WAT. Adipose tissue PGC-1α knockout also led to changes in regulation of lipolysis and potentially triglyceride reesterification in WAT. In conclusion, PGC-1α regulates adipose tissue mitochondrial respiration and ROS balance as well as lipid cycling during metabolic challenges in a depot specific manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18606,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrion","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}