Microbial pathogenesis最新文献

{"title":"Bioactivity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized from Phoebe zhennan and Croton tiglium","authors":"Arshad Ali ,&nbsp;Ali Hassan ,&nbsp;Imran Afzal ,&nbsp;Hammad Hassan ,&nbsp;Kirshan Chand ,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Usman ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liu ,&nbsp;Min Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of pesticide and antibiotic resistance has intensified the search for environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional chemical control agents. Green-synthesized nanoparticles, produced using plant extracts as natural reducing and capping agents, have attracted significant interest for their biocompatibility, stability, and strong biological activity. The current work aims to investigate the insecticidal efficiency of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) generated from <em>Phoebe zhennan</em> and <em>Croton tiglium</em> leaves against the various developmental stages of <em>Plagiodera versicolora</em>, a serious pest of <em>Salicaceae</em> plants and bacteria (<em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> and <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em>). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum confirms the presence of characteristic functional groups, indicating ZnO-NPs synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination of ZnO-NPs revealed different peaks at certain 2θ angles, indicating different crystallographic planes. Different concentrations (6.25 mg/L, 12.5 mg/L, 25 mg/L, and 50 mg/L) of ZnO-NPs indicated that the increase in concentration and exposure period increased larval and adult mortality. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs displayed potent, dose-dependent antibacterial effects against <em>E</em>. <em>faecalis</em> and <em>E</em>. <em>cloacae</em>. Both growth curve analysis and agar well-diffusion assays confirmed substantial inhibition of bacterial growth. In <em>P. versicolora</em>, exposure to ZnO-NPs led to progressive midgut epithelial disruption and necrosis, accompanied by a dose-dependent reduction in survival. LC₅₀ values decreased steadily from 24 to 192 h, with LC₉₀ values showing the same time-dependent decline. Overall, the study demonstrates that plant-derived ZnO-NPs provide a potent and sustainable approach for managing both insect pests and bacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and pathological characterization of senecavirus A-associated epidemic transient neonatal losses in swine","authors":"Eduarda Ribeiro Braga,&nbsp;Emanoelly Machado Sousa da Silva,&nbsp;Anderson Hentz Gris,&nbsp;Jennifer Groeltz-Thrush,&nbsp;Pablo E. Piñeyro","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Senecavirus A (SVA) has emerged as a significant viral pathogen of swine, traditionally associated with idiopathic vesicular disease but more recently linked to epidemic transient neonatal losses (ETNL), a syndrome characterized by increased mortality in piglets without consistent vesicular lesions. The mechanisms underlying SVA-associated neonatal mortality remain unclear due to the lack of specific clinical signs, frequent co-infections, and limited tissue characterization. This retrospective study analyzed 186 neonatal submissions (&lt;24 days old) that were tested for SVA by RT-qPCR at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to elucidate the pathological, molecular, and microbial features associated with SVA infection. Clinical, histopathological, and microbiological data were compared between SVA-positive (n = 71) and SVA-negative (n = 253) cases, and selected tissues were analyzed by RNAscope® <em>in situ</em> hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to localize viral RNA and assess co-infections with Rotavirus A and C. SVA was detected in 21.9 % of cases, most frequently in feces, serum, and spleen with significantly lower Ct values on spleen (p &lt; 0.05), indicating a higher viral load and suggesting preferential replication in lymphoid tissues. RNAscope® analysis confirmed SVA RNA localization in spleen, lymph node, and within lymphoid aggregates of the lamina propria of the small intestine and colon, supporting a lymphoid tropism and possible immune cell replication. Clinically, diarrhea and increased mortality were the most frequent findings and were strongly associated with SVA detection (p &lt; 0.001). The occurrence of co-infections was common; 28.2 % of SVA-positive animals had co-infection with Rotavirus A, while Rotavirus C and bacterial agents, such as <em>Clostridium perfringens</em>, <em>E. coli</em>, and <em>Salmonella spp.,</em> were detected across both groups. Notably, respiratory pathogens including <em>Streptococcus suis</em>, <em>Actinobacillus suis</em>, and <em>Streptococcus equisimilis</em> were significantly more frequent in SVA-positive animals (p &lt; 0.01), suggesting immunosuppression. Despite SVA's short viremic phase, its persistence in lymphoid tissues and association with mortality indicate a potential immunomodulatory role. These findings highlight SVA as a contributor to multifactorial neonatal disease, emphasizing the need for integrated molecular, histopathological, and epidemiological approaches to improve diagnosis and understanding of SVA pathogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota: origin or panacea for all ills? Gut microbiota and systemic diseases","authors":"Carmela Colica ,&nbsp;Immacolata Vecchio ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Aiello ,&nbsp;Ludovico Abenavoli ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Aiello","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) extend beyond the metabolic domain, affecting neurological, cardiovascular, rheumatologic, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and renal systems. These conditions share underlying mechanisms involving low-grade inflammation, immune dysregulation, and metabolic imbalance, often influenced by gut microbiota alterations. The microbiota mediates systemic effects via microbial metabolites, immune modulation, and barrier integrity.</div><div>Recent research has highlighted that these microbiota-mediated interactions are not unidirectional but involve complex bidirectional signaling between the gut and distal organs. Microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and tryptophan-derived indoles are messengers that influence neuroinflammation, endothelial function, immune responses, and even behavior. The gut microbiota is now viewed as an endocrine-like organ that can modulate systemic physiology.</div><div>Understanding these pathways has opened new avenues for treating systemic diseases by modulating the gut ecosystem, offering novel perspectives for therapeutic intervention in conditions that were traditionally managed without considering microbiota.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The anti-biofilm potential of triterpenoids isolated from Sarcochlamys pulcherrima (Roxb.) Gaud (2019)” [Microb. Pathog. 139 (2020) 103901]","authors":"Chinmoy Ghosh ,&nbsp;Joyanta Bhowmik ,&nbsp;Ranjit Ghosh ,&nbsp;Manash C. Das ,&nbsp;Padmani Sandhu ,&nbsp;Monika Kumari ,&nbsp;Shukdeb Acharjee ,&nbsp;Akshay Vishnu Daware ,&nbsp;Yusuf Akhter ,&nbsp;Birendranath Banerjee ,&nbsp;Utpal Chandra De ,&nbsp;Surajit Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current and emerging pharmacological treatments for visceral leishmaniasis","authors":"Sijia Li ,&nbsp;Liming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) remains one of the most challenging parasitic diseases globally, with significant morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in endemic regions. First-line treatment regimens such as monochemotherapy with pentavalent antimonials, miltefosine, and amphotericin B are often hindered by toxicity, high cost, and the emergence of drug resistance. Recent advances in pharmacological interventions have expanded the therapeutic landscape to include synergistic drug combinations, novel synthetic compounds, and bioactive natural alternatives. This review critically examines the current pharmacological strategies for VL, emphasizing monochemotherapy, synergistic drug combinations, and the potential of novel chemical synthesis and natural products. The limitations of existing treatments, including adverse effects and drug resistance, are discussed, alongside emerging trends in drug development. By integrating these diverse therapeutic strategies, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of current and emerging treatments for VL, highlighting the need for continued innovation to combat drug resistance and improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-pandemic molecular epidemiology of β-lactam resistance and biofilm formation in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from a Brazilian tertiary hospital","authors":"Igor Vasconcelos Rocha ,&nbsp;Lamartine Rodrigues Martins ,&nbsp;Maria Izabely Silva Pimentel ,&nbsp;Renata Pessôa Germano Mendes ,&nbsp;Ana Catarina de Souza Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> has emerged as a critical post-pandemic pathogen, combining antimicrobial resistance with biofilm formation, severely complicating infection control. We aimed to characterize the genetic mechanisms of β-lactams resistance and biofilm-forming capacity of MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates from a Brazilian tertiary hospital, in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>A. baumannii</em> isolates were collected from various clinical specimens between 2023/2024. Species identification was performed using the Phoenix BD® system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution. β-lactamase genes were investigated by PCR, and biofilm formation was quantified using crystal violet assay. Growth kinetics were analyzed spectrophotometrically.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 78 isolates, 98.7 % exhibited MDR profiles while remaining susceptible to colistin. Strong biofilm production occurred in 71.8 % of isolates, particularly from rectal swabs. Dominant resistance genes included <em>bla</em>_OXA-23 (66.7 %), <em>bla</em>_OXA-24 (19.2 %), and <em>bla</em>_OXA-143 (12.9 %), with <em>bla</em>_NDM-1 in 3.9 %. <em>Isaba1</em> was associated with <em>bla</em>_OXA-23 (44.2 %) and <em>bla</em>_ADC (92.3 %). The <em>bap</em> gene was detected in 28.2 % of the isolates, while <em>bla</em>_{KPC/GES/IMP/SPM/PER-1} were absent. Biofilm-forming groups displayed distinct growth patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study demonstrates that most <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates exhibit MDR profiles and robust biofilm formation. The widespread presence of β-lactamase genes and biofilm-producing strains underscores the necessity for enhanced molecular surveillance and biofilm-focused infection control measures in critical care units. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms driving resistance and biofilm formation in post-pandemic clinical settings. To mitigate the persistence and spread of high-risk MDR clones, hospitals should integrate genetic resistance profiling and biofilm-targeted strategies into infection control protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis: A global perspective through systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zahra Rafat ,&nbsp;Nadia Alipour ,&nbsp;Ehsan Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mirhasani ,&nbsp;Mehdi Yaseri ,&nbsp;Fuad Haghighat ,&nbsp;Nikoo Navidi Ghaziani ,&nbsp;Hasti Kamali Sarvestani","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a highly prevalent and clinically impactful infection with complex pathophysiology and shifting microbiological patterns. A deeper understanding of its epidemiology is essential to improving outcomes for the millions of women affected worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, investigated the prevalence of VVC using studies published from 1995 to 2023. Multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Original English-language, population-based studies were included. Data extraction was done using a standardized Excel checklist, and statistical analysis was performed with SPSS. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I² index and funnel plot, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 7716 records screened, 114 studies involved 1,222,829 women from 36 countries met the inclusion criteria. The global pooled prevalence of VVC was estimated at 32.59 % (95 % CI: 0.29–0.36), with high heterogeneity (I² = 99.8 %). <em>Candida albicans</em> (79/114) was the predominant pathogen in most studies. Pregnancy (26/114) and oral contraceptive use (22/114) were the most common risk factors. Curd-like discharge (21/114) and genital itching (19/114) were the leading clinical symptoms. A wide range of diagnostic methods, including morphological, culture, biochemical, and molecular techniques, were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This meta-analysis suggests a substantial global burden of VVC; however, the wide heterogeneity across studies indicates that true prevalence likely varies considerably by region. Common symptoms like curd-like discharge and genital itching support symptom-based diagnosis, especially in low-resource settings. The diversity of diagnostic methods underscores the need for context-specific approaches. These findings may support improved awareness, while emphasizing the need for more standardized epidemiological methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of the efficiency of a DNA vaccine construct harboring HSP70 mini-chaperones linked to HIV-1 Nef antigen using IL-7 cytokine and REV peptide","authors":"Neda Tajvidi ,&nbsp;Azam Bolhassani ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Heshmati ,&nbsp;Maryam Naseroleslami ,&nbsp;Seyyed Javad Hosseini Shokouh","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is essential for the proliferation and maintenance of T lymphocytes, suggesting its potential role as an adjuvant to enhance vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, truncated domains from the amino- or carboxyl-termini of heat shock proteins (HSPs), termed mini-chaperones, are capable of augmenting antigen-targeted T lymphocyte activation in the context of pathogen infections. Additionally, the REV peptide derived from HIV-1 Rev protein was reported to function as a cell-penetrating peptide for the delivery of plasmid DNA. Herein, we assessed the potential of distinct HSP70 domains, along with IL-7 and the REV peptide, to amplify immune responses directed against the HIV-1 Nef antigen and to maintain cytokine secretion against single-cycle HIV-1 (SCR) variant. Our findings revealed that the combination of pVAX-CT-HSP70-Nef with pVAX-IL-7 could significantly increase Th1 and CTL activities through elevated secretion of IFN-γ and Granzyme B compared to other groups, and markedly stimulate IFN-γ production in response to HIV-1 SCR variant. Furthermore, delivery of pVAX-CT-HSP70-Nef combined with pVAX-IL-7 by the REV peptide could substantially increase Granzyme B secretion, boost antigen-specific cellular immune responses, and augment anti-HIV-1 SCR effects through elevated secretion of IFN-γ. Therefore, this vaccination approach holds strong potential as a therapeutic candidate for controlling HIV-1 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a Salmonella strain isolated from Tibetan blue sheep","authors":"Huaguo Huang,&nbsp;Xin Guan,&nbsp;Tiannan Zhao,&nbsp;Mimi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the ecological importance of blue sheep and the lack of information regarding their infection status, this study aimed to determine the causes of diarrhea and death in blue sheep in the Shigatse region. A key strain that caused diarrhea and even death in blue sheep was isolated from fecal samples and analyzed using morphological observation, biochemical tests, 16S rRNA genetic analysis, mouse pathogenicity tests, and drug susceptibility tests. The strains were grouped into pairs, short chains, or Gram-negative bacilli. The biochemical results were consistent with those obtained for <em>Salmonella</em> spp. The 16S rRNA sequence shared 100 % homology with <em>Salmonella</em> sequences in the NCBI database. The results indicated that the isolated strain was <em>Salmonella, which was</em> named G1GX051. G1GX051 showed strong pathogenicity upon intraperitoneal injection of 1.0 × 10⁴, 1.0 × 10⁶, 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU/mL bacterial solutions (0.2 mL) to SPF grade mice (six per group). Notably, the entre group inoculated with 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU/mL died within 6 days of injection. Anatomical analysis revealed necrotic foci on the liver surface, spleen swelling, a dark red and distended stomach, intestinal congestion, thinning of the intestinal wall, and a firm and congested ileocecal valve. Histopathological analyses revealed spleen and kidney congestion, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that G1GX051 was resistant only to erythromycin. Overall, G1GX051 isolated from blue sheep with diarrhea was resistant to erythromycin but responsive to several other medicines, indicating the need for monitoring bacterial resistance in wildlife.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145952426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentially significant miRNA target gene analysis in exosomes extracted from Seneca Valley virus infected IBRS-2 cells","authors":"Dajun Zhang ,&nbsp;Guowei Xu ,&nbsp;Wenxia Jiang ,&nbsp;Dengshuai Zhao ,&nbsp;Shikai Cai ,&nbsp;Yuanhang Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Li ,&nbsp;Han Gao ,&nbsp;Fuqiang Huang ,&nbsp;Shengfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Wen ,&nbsp;LiMei Qin ,&nbsp;Keshan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by a wide range of mammalian cells and serve as key mediators in the intercellular transfer of various biological materials such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. However, it remains unclear whether microRNAs (miRNAs) present in exosomes derived from Seneca Valley virus (SVV)-infected IBRS-2 cells undergo substantial alterations. Moreover, the functions and regulatory pathways of differential miRNA target genes involved are unclear. In this study, Exosomes were isolated from SVV-infected IBRS-2 cells and examined for morphology, protein markers, and nucleic acid content using electron microscopy, western blotting, and PCR techniques. Then, the miRNAs present in the exosomes were sequenced, and Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation along with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted on the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs. Consequently, 1419 miRNAs were extracted from exosomes isolated from SVV-infected cells, and the GO functions of 281 differentially expressed miRNAs were related to RNA binding, nucleus, extracellular vesicular exosome, external side of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleoplasm. In this study, we present the initial examination of the miRNA expression patterns and the functional roles of their related genes after SVV infects IBRS-2 cells. The results provide important information for investigating the pathogenesis of SVV and developing appropriate therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 108300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}