Minerals Engineering最新文献

{"title":"The combined inhibitory effect of potassium permanganate and modified polyacrylamide on the flotation behavior of antimonite and arsenopyrite","authors":"Jiaqi Lu,&nbsp;Wenjuan Li,&nbsp;Miao Wang,&nbsp;Weiguang Xu,&nbsp;Qihang Dai,&nbsp;Yongsheng Song,&nbsp;Jiankang Wen,&nbsp;Wei Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selective separation of antimonite and arsenopyrite minerals is both a critical and challenging task. This study investigated the combined inhibitory effects of two new reagents on the flotation behaviour of these minerals under low-alkalinity conditions. The inhibitory effects and adsorption mechanisms of these reagents were systematically studied through microflotation and mixed ore flotation experiments, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) energy spectrum analysis, contact angle testing, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDS) analysis, phase diagram analysis, and first-principles calculations. The flotation results showed that the combined use of potassium permanganate and modified polyacrylamide produced a stronger inhibitory effect on arsenopyrite compared to their individual effects. Using potassium permanganate and modified polyacrylamide as the inhibitor system and butylamine black as the collector at pH 9, the recovery rates of antimony ore and arsenopyrite differed by more than 80 %. XPS measurements indicated that potassium permanganate caused severe oxidation of arsenopyrite surfaces, forming iron oxide/hydroxide, which facilitated the adsorption of modified polyacrylamide. Contact angle measurements showed that potassium permanganate rendered arsenopyrite surfaces more hydrophilic, whereas modified polyacrylamide increased the difference between the surfaces of antimonite and arsenopyrite. SEM–EDS testing analysed the oxidation degree and identified oxidation products on arsenopyrite surfaces, which were validated through phase diagram analysis. First-principles calculations revealed the adsorption inhibition mechanism of the reagents on the arsenopyrite surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle motion characteristics on the bubble surface with mobile boundary in flow conditions","authors":"Hainan Wang ,&nbsp;Ruifeng Chen ,&nbsp;Danlong Li ,&nbsp;Yannan Liang ,&nbsp;Bolong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jincai Ran ,&nbsp;Haijun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineral flotation corresponds to a separation process accompanied by fluid flow, where bubbles are taken as a carrier dropping particles to the fluid surface. Considering that the particle motion is strongly affected by flow conditions, the microscopic interaction behavior between the bubbles and particles should be changed accordingly. In this study, CFD numerical simulation is initially conducted to obtain the fluid velocity distribution within the near-surface region of an air bubble under the conditions of different countercurrent flow rates. Additionally, the influence of fluid flow on particle kinetics and subsequent particle-bubble interaction is obtained based on the analysis of recorded images by a high-speed camera. Results show that when the flow approaches the bubble, there is a transition of flow direction from the axial to the side, evidenced by the flow around bubble surfaces. As such, the increased countercurrent flow rates can drive particles away from the bubble more rapidly, which is not conducive to the particle-bubble collision and attachment probability. Such two findings can be attributed to the increased hydrodynamic drag force weakening the radial particle motion and the limited contact time provided for liquid film drainage, respectively. The research outcome is expected to provide significant references for the design of flow environment in mineral flotation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109299"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of microtexture and mesotexture in the separation performance of an ore","authors":"Kate Tungpalan ,&nbsp;Elaine Wightman ,&nbsp;Cathy Evans ,&nbsp;Emmy Manlapig","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the role of microtexture and mesotexture in the separation performance of an ore. Microtexture analysis highlighted the influence of mineral grain size distribution in mineral liberation and separation recovery. Mesotexture analysis highlighted the contribution of vein structures in mineral liberation and provided insights of the origin of liberated particles observed during microtexture analysis. The work demonstrates the importance of the scale at which ore texture is measured and points to the way drill cores are prepared for textural analysis. Selection of the most appropriate scale of analysis also provides an effective means of acquiring textural information relevant to mineral processing for the entire deposit and consequently improving deposit characterisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109303"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of Ca2+/Mg2+ concentration on the rheological properties of kaolinite slurry: An experiment and DLVO calculation study","authors":"Yijiang Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Yang ,&nbsp;Zhaohua Wang ,&nbsp;Wencheng Xia ,&nbsp;Feng Wu ,&nbsp;Yujin Sun ,&nbsp;Xiangyun Sun ,&nbsp;Shiqi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study researched into the underlying influence mechanism of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ on the rheological properties of kaolinite slurry through rheological technique, turbidity analysis and DLVO theory calculation. The rheological results showed that both the viscosity and yield stress of kaolinite slurry were reduced under high Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ concentration. The apparent viscosity of slurry containing Mg²⁺ was lower than that of slurry containing Ca²⁺, but the yield stress of slurry containing Mg²⁺ was higher than that of slurry containing Ca²⁺. Turbidity results showed that Ca²⁺ have a stronger turbidity removal effect on kaolinite suspension than Mg²⁺. The agglomeration of kaolinite in the presence of Ca²⁺ was greater than that in the presence of Mg²⁺. The DLVO theoretical calculation results indicated that there was strong attractive energy between silica face-alumina face, silica face-edge face and edge face-edge face under 1 mmol/L Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺. There were repulsive energy barriers between the silica face-silica face, as well as between the alumina face-alumina face and alumina face-edge face. However, there was an attractive energy between the alumina face-edge face under 1 mmol/L Mg²⁺. The kaolinite agglomeration was a basal face-basal face (F-F) structure with tight and large under 1 mmol/L Ca²⁺, but the kaolinite agglomeration was F-F and edge face-basal face (E-F) structure with loose and large under 1 mmol/L Mg²⁺. The E-F structure in the presence of Mg²⁺ caused high yield stress of kaolinite slurry. Under high ions concentration, there was a weak attraction or repulsion between basal faces of kaolinite, but there was an attractive effect between the edge faces. The kaolinite agglomerates were edge face-edge face (E-E) structure with small and even dispersed, resulting in a low viscosity of the slurry. The conclusion of this study provides a basis for regulating the rheological properties of rich-clay slurry during mineral processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-plant mismatch diagnosis using plant model ratios for a grinding mill circuit under model predictive control","authors":"Heinz K. Mittermaier ,&nbsp;Johan D. le Roux ,&nbsp;Ian K. Craig","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Model-based controllers often extend improved performance to mineral processing plants by leveraging predictive models to account for system dynamics, handling constraints, adapting to changing conditions, and optimizing control inputs. Inaccurate models will cause a deterioration of controller performance, which is often the case for grinding mill circuits. The plant model ratio was developed to diagnose parametric model plant mismatches for first-order plus time delay models. Using a simulation study, the plant model ratio is applied to test the feasibility of using the plant model ratio on a grinding mill circuit. By applying different scenarios of mismatch, some limitations of the plant model ratio are identified and discussed in light of a grinding mill circuit model that is used in model-based controllers. The plant model ratio is capable of identifying parametric model plant mismatches for the model of a grinding mill circuit, specifically changes in the direction of responses. This may occur in cases where disturbances push a grinding mill to operate to the right of the peak of a grind curve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-grained mineral recognition and segmentation in metal mineral optical images based on improved YOLOv8n model","authors":"Haopo Tang,&nbsp;Lifang He,&nbsp;Qicheng Feng,&nbsp;Bin Huang,&nbsp;Songwei Huang,&nbsp;Danyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optical microimages of minerals obtained by optical microscopy are cheaper than backscatter images obtained by scanning electron microscopy. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the intelligent recognition and segmentation of minerals in optical microscopic images based on deep learning has become a current research hotspot. However, there are little research on the segmentation and recognition of fine-grained minerals. In order to improve the accuracy and precision of recognition, this paper introduces a new method to identify and segment fine-grained minerals in optical microimages by using the improved YOLOv8-nano (YOLOv8n) model. Firstly, a small target detection layer is added and the C2f_ScConv module is used instead of the C2f module in the small target detection layer to detect the small target better and reduce the computing power consumption caused by the small target detection layer. At the same time, ContextAggregation mechanism was added to the C2f and C2f_ScConv modules in the neck network of our improved YOLOv8n to enhance the detection of small targets. Through extensive experiments, it has been proven that compared with the traditional mineral and rock slice image segmentation model Mask<!--> <!-->Region-based<!--> <!-->Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN), mAP50 improved by 41.39 %, and compared with the baseline YOLOv8n model, the improved model achieves a 5.47 % higher mAP50. This advancement enables accurate identification and segmentation of fine-grained minerals, providing a foundation for automated mineral processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109290"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental optimization of aurocyanide adsorption onto biomass activated carbon and re-examination of the adsorption mechanisms","authors":"John Kwame Bediako ,&nbsp;Nicole Sharon Affrifah ,&nbsp;Yeoung-Sang Yun ,&nbsp;Eveliina Repo","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Activated carbons (ACs) prepared from agricultural residues are ideal alternatives to the commercial coal-based ACs often applied in gold mining. Carbon activation using KOH produces high-quality carbons with good textural properties. Herein, fruit peel ACs were synthesized via KOH activation and evaluated for aurocyanide adsorption. The yield and adsorption capacity were optimized through a central composite design. The Langmuir maximum equilibrium uptake was 186.95 ± 16.44 mg/g. Re-examination of the adsorption mechanisms revealed that the presence of micro and mesopores, coupled with electrostatic binding, π–π interaction and ion-pair formations influenced the significantly high adsorption capacity. This study could be useful in the syntheses and application of agro waste-derived ACs as alternative adsorbents for gold recovery from aurocyanide leachates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective depression of pyrochlore and barite using GG/TA combined depressant: Flotation mechanisms and molecular insights","authors":"Yanling Xu,&nbsp;Wenhao Sun,&nbsp;Yanhong Wang,&nbsp;Hao Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first investigation into the application of a combined depressant, Gellan gum (GG)/tannic acid (TA), for the selective flotation separation of pyrochlore and barite, using CaCl₂ as an activator and NaOl as a collector. Micro-flotation experiments demonstrated that GG/TA at a 1:1 ratio effectively depressed pyrochlore flotation while maintaining high barite recovery, achieving a pyrochlore recovery of only 0.2 % at a dosage of 6 mg/L. The competitive adsorption mechanism was elucidated through contact angle measurements, zeta potential analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results revealed that GG/TA preferentially chemo-synergistic adsorbed onto pyrochlore active sites, forming a hydrophilic barrier that impeded NaOl attachment and thus suppressed flotation. In contrast, GG/TA showed minimal physical adsorption on the barite surface, facilitating NaOl adsorption on barite, thereby promoting its hydrophobicity and enhancing flotation selectivity. XPS analysis further identified GG/TA adsorption primarily at Nb and O sites on pyrochlore, whereas adsorption on barite occurred weakly at Ba and O sites. Additionally, frontier molecular orbital (FMO) theory analysis indicated that the functional groups of GG and TA interact with mineral surfaces, influencing their depression behavior. Based on these findings, an adsorption model for the GG/TA depressant in pyrochlore-barite separation was proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of tailings recirculation on the kinetic response of laboratory-scale reactor-separator flotation cells well-described by a plug-flow regime","authors":"Luis Vinnett ,&nbsp;Cristóbal López ,&nbsp;Juan Yianatos ,&nbsp;Francisca Justel ,&nbsp;Ahmad Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of intensified flotation cells, also known as reactor-separator cells, has become widespread. The tailings recirculation back to a feed conditioning tank is a unique characteristic of these cells compared to mechanical cells and columns. This short communication evaluates, by simulation, the impact of the volume of this conditioning tank on the overall (exhaustion) kinetic response of a flotation cell that is well-described as a plug-flow reactor. The results show that the overall flotation response only converges to that of a plug-flow reactor when the volume of the conditioning tank is negligible regarding the cell volume. However, the exhaustion response proves to be representable as a first-order system, with an apparent rate constant <em>k</em>_app. This apparent rate constant is strongly correlated with the rate constant in the evaluated cell, allowing for comparisons with other flotation machines and systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary study of the suitability of an abandoned mining area for harvesting efflorescent sulfate salts in the Iberian pyrite Belt, Nerva (Spain)","authors":"Julio César Arranz-González,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Fernández-Naranjo,&nbsp;Virginia Rodríguez-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This preliminary research was aimed at identifying a suitable area for producing efflorescent sulfate salts enriched in elements of interest. An old retention impoundment of heap-leaching liquors situated in the municipal district of Nerva, southwest of Minas de Riotinto (Iberian Pyrite Belt, Huelva, Spain), was chosen for the study. The study zone has a higher part composed of leached mine spoils containing washed ore and some roasted pyrite, and a lower part consists of a mixture of materials eroded from the higher parts. All the water that ends up soaking the lower, flatter surface, called the production area, comes from the rain that falls on it, plus the water that leaches and runs off in the old leaching heaps. Water and solid samples from old leaching heaps, substrates at the base of these heaps, and efflorescent sulfate salts formed over them in summer were collected. The efflorescent sulfate salts were highly acidic and concentrated in As, Cu, Pb, and Zn while relatively diluted in Co, Ni, and Sb. However, the average dissolved amounts, proportionally to the total content, were very high for Cu, Co, Ni, and Zn. Based on the results, it was concluded that harvesting efflorescent sulfate salts could be interesting for recovering Cu and Zn and, with more uncertainty, As, Co, and Ni.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}