Minerals Engineering最新文献_第3页

Investigation of the effect and mechanism on the flotation performance of alkylglycine-based collectors by acyl group 酰基对烷基甘氨酸基捕收剂浮选性能的影响及机理研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109061

{"title":"Investigation of the effect and mechanism on the flotation performance of alkylglycine-based collectors by acyl group","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structure difference of the flotation reagent has a significant influence on its flotation performance. In this work, sodium N-lauroyl glycinate (SNG) was synthesized by introducing an acyl group into sodium N-dodecylglycinate (SN), and was using the collector in the oxide ores flotation. Properties of these two collectors were compared, and the effects behavior and mechanism of introducing the acyl group on the flotation performance of alkylglycine-based collectors to the zinc oxide minerals were systematically investigated. Flotation results proved that the introduction of C = O group into SN barely affected the floatability of smithsonite, hemimorphite and calcite, while the floatability of quartz was greatly reduced. Contact angle tests, surface tension tests, and froth collapse measurements indicated that the introduction of the acyl group into SN could selectively weaken its ability to improve the hydrophobicity of mineral surfaces, reduce its surface tension, adsorption capacity and intensity on the mineral surface, and the froth stability, thereby enhancing its selectivity, consistent with the flotation results. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the introduction of the acyl group could increase the cross-sectional area and reduce the charge of the SNG polar groups to selectively weaken the adsorption interaction, particularly by significantly reducing the electrostatic adsorption between SNS and quartz surfaces. These also confirm that SNG is a promising highly selective collector for the flotation separation of zinc oxide minerals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel approach for microbial activity assessment in bioleaching. Towards to a standardised fast starting up protocol 生物沥滤中微生物活性评估的新方法。向标准化快速启动方案迈进

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109053

{"title":"A novel approach for microbial activity assessment in bioleaching. Towards to a standardised fast starting up protocol","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biohydrometallurgy is a proven industrial method for extracting base metals from sulfidic ores with low-grade content and as a pre-treatment of Au ores. The lack of study of biological aspects related with microbial activity assessment makes it difficult to control and monitor these processes; and the multitude of experimental procedures described in the literature hinders cross-study comparisons among researchers. Experimental tools that allow a quick and reliable quantitative assessment of the iron oxidising capacity of the cells during the bioleaching process are needed. This work proposes monitoring microbial activity through a simple and reliable method based on the offline measurement of the Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR). The methodology allows to quantify the microbial activity evolution of a growing culture under no-limiting conditions. By this methodology, the maximum potential bioleaching rate of the culture at any time is determined, assessing the occurrence of a biological or chemical limitation. The results obtained reveals that whether due to Fe<sup>2+</sup> or O<sub>2</sub> depletion, substrate availability significantly limits microbial activity. This aspect is key to assess a culture suitability for bioleaching bioreactor inoculation, preventing long lag phases. Furthermore, the methodology allows for quick disturbances correction, avoiding process shutdowns and enhances technological reliability of continuous bioleaching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pentetic acid/ammonia cooperatively stabilizes Cu(II) as an efficient oxidant for green thiosulfate leaching of gold 戊乙酸/氨气协同稳定铜（II），作为硫代硫酸盐绿色浸金的高效氧化剂

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109043

{"title":"Pentetic acid/ammonia cooperatively stabilizes Cu(II) as an efficient oxidant for green thiosulfate leaching of gold","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thiosulfate leaching is increasingly recognized as an environmentally sustainable alternative tocyanidation for extracting gold. One of the primary challenges in this field is identifying an effective stabilizer for the Cu(II) oxidant that simultaneously ensures efficient gold leaching and low thiosulfate consumption. This work introduces pentetic acid (DTPA) as a stabilizer for Cu(II) oxidant, forming a novel oxidation system based on the stable-chelated CuDTPA<sup>3−</sup> complex. Comparative leaching using (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> highlight the beneficial role of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in enhancing the oxidation capability of the stable CuDTPA<sup>3−</sup> complex. The proposed mechanism suggests that NH<sub>3</sub> contributes to the formation of a mixed [Cu(DTPA)(NH<sub>3</sub>)]<sup>3−</sup> complex with enhanced chemical reactivity. Additionally, DTPA is shown to effectively maintain the stability of the leaching system, thereby improving gold leaching, reducing thiosulfate consumption, and mitigating passivation. Through precise parameters control, a satisfactory gold leaching from a pretreated gold concentrate achieved a high efficiency of 97.8 %, with a low (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> consumption (8.7 kg/t-ore). Furthermore, the actual operation process can be facile designed by using more cost-effective leaching chemicals such as Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with a little addition of NH<sub>4</sub>OH or various ammonium salts, like (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, CH<sub>3</sub>COONH<sub>4</sub>, and NH<sub>4</sub>Cl. This study provides valuable insights for advancing the commercial viability of environmentally friendly gold leaching processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of different energy-based breakage distribution functions in population balance model of an industrial scale continuously operated wet stirred media mill 在工业规模连续运行的湿式搅拌介质磨机种群平衡模型中评估基于能量的不同破碎分布函数

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109054

{"title":"Assessment of different energy-based breakage distribution functions in population balance model of an industrial scale continuously operated wet stirred media mill","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed at assessing various energy-based breakage distribution functions <em>B<sub>ij</sub></em> within the context of a population balance model (PBM) of copper ore milling in a wet stirred media mill (WSMM). First, drop weight impact tests were performed to determine the size distribution parameters, <em>t<sub>n</sub></em>. Second, various <em>t<sub>n</sub></em> models called <em>t<sub>n</sub></em>-fitted and <em>t<sub>n</sub></em>-regenerated approaches were used to fit experimental <em>t<sub>n</sub></em>, and their goodness-of-fits were compared. They were then used to construct the matrices of the cumulative breakage distributions, <em>B<sub>ij</sub></em>, of the PBM, while a power-law form of the specific breakage rate function, <em>S<sub>i</sub></em>, was assumed. By fitting the PBM to the product particle size distributions (PSDs) obtained under various rotor speeds, suspension volumetric flow rate, and solids content, we estimated the <em>S<sub>i</sub></em> parameters. Results suggest that except the Napier-Munn model, all <em>t<sub>n</sub></em> models fitted the experimental drop weight data reasonably well, which was reflected in the PBM fitting of the product PSDs. The PBM fits with <em>B<sub>ij</sub></em> constructed with the <em>t<sub>n</sub></em>-regenerated approach were more accurate than those with the <em>t<sub>n</sub></em>-fitted approach. The PBM was validated with additional tests that were not considered in the parameter estimation. Overall, we have established that the choice of <em>t<sub>n</sub></em> function and the methodology to determine <em>B<sub>ij</sub></em> can affect the PBM predictions of the WSMM process significantly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnesiothermic reduction of beryllium fluoride: Reaction mechanism and kinetic study 氟化铍的镁热还原：反应机理和动力学研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109045

{"title":"Magnesiothermic reduction of beryllium fluoride: Reaction mechanism and kinetic study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beryllium (Be) is mainly produced by magnesiothermic reduction of beryllium fluoride (BeF<sub>2</sub>). This research aims to improve the extraction rate of Be by investigating the reaction mechanism and kinetics during the magnesiothermic reduction of BeF<sub>2</sub>. It was found that the solid product layer composed of MgF<sub>2</sub> and Be metal produced during the magnesiothermic reduction process is the main reason hindering the further improvement of the reduction rate. Kinetic study on the magnesiothermic reduction of BeF<sub>2</sub> shows that it was controlled by volume diffusion. An apparent activation energy of 66.01 kJ/mol was obtained for the magnesiothermic reduction in the temperature range of 850–950 °C. Aiming to extract Be from BeF<sub>2</sub> with a high efficiency, granular-shaped Mg (particle size 0.2–5 mm) and BeF<sub>2</sub> powder (particle size < 0.83 mm) were used as raw materials for magnesiothermic reduction at 900 °C for 30 min, protected using Ar atmosphere. This was followed by further heating to 1300 °C and holding for 10 min, and the highest extraction rate of Be was achieved at 90.1 wt% with the Be purity of 94.2 wt%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causes of failures in vibrating screens: A literature review 振动筛故障原因：文献综述

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109027

{"title":"Causes of failures in vibrating screens: A literature review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In industrial contexts, the stratification of materials by size is a common requirement, particularly in sectors such as food production, construction, and mineral extraction. Vibrating screens, which have been in use for over a century, play a crucial role in this process by applying forced vibration to classify materials according to particle size. In mineral processing facilities, these screens are essential, operating under demanding conditions and heavy loads. This paper focuses on vibrating screens used for the particle size separation of iron ore and quarry rocks. Given these operational challenges, this equipment is prone to various structural and mechanical failures, including cracks, bearing malfunctions, and universal joint issues. This study, a collaborative effort between a machinery manufacturer and mining companies, identifies the main causes of failures in vibrating screens, highlighting deficiencies in design and manufacturing processes as well as lapses in operational and maintenance practices. Recognizing the significant impact that a vibrating screen’s maintenance shutdown can have on an entire mineral processing facility, the paper emphasizes failure prevention and aims to contribute to improved maintenance practices in industries, with the goal of enhancing operational efficiency and reducing losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinetic study of dry magnetic separation based on Gauss-Maxwell magnetic stress tensor: A 3D finite element method (FEM) 基于高斯-麦克斯韦磁应力张量的干式磁选动力学研究：三维有限元法 (FEM)

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109049

{"title":"Kinetic study of dry magnetic separation based on Gauss-Maxwell magnetic stress tensor: A 3D finite element method (FEM)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, two artificial magnetic particles (1#, 2#) with known magnetic parameters were taken as the objects, a finite element model based on Gauss’s law was established for the calculation of the transient Maxwell magnetic stress tensor on the surfaces of particles and kinetic study, a high-speed camera was used to obtain the motion behaviors of magnetic particles in comparison with the simulation. According to the results of multiple simulation-experiment comparisons, the motion behaviors of magnetic particles in the finite element simulation were consistent with experimental phenomena under the identical conditions, indicated that the accuracy of the model is reliable. In the comparison of two kinds of magnetic force calculations, the magnetic force <strong><em>F</em></strong><sub>M</sub> based on the Gaussian formula had a similar tendency to <strong><em>F</em></strong><sub>D</sub> based on the kinetic calculations, and since the <strong><em>F</em></strong><sub>M</sub> was obtained by converting the surface tension of particles, it more accurately reflected the overall magnetic force and magnetic torque acting on the particles. Kinetic analysis showed that the magnetic force acting on a particle was strictly dependent on its magnetization, dynamic and non-uniform magnetization caused the magnetic particle to be subjected to magnetic force and magnetic torque in the non-uniform magnetic field, resulting in displacements and flips. In addition, compared to the particle release attitude, the influence of the distribution of magnetic substance and the particle’s release position on the displacement was particularly significant. The 3D finite element model established for dry magnetic separation can be further used for the study of dynamic, non-uniform magnetization and the force of magnetic particle or grain groups, which is of certain significance for the kinetic study of magnetic separation and improving research of magnetic separation equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanism of selectivity of tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride for vanadium 三正辛基甲基氯化铵对钒的选择机理

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109052

{"title":"Mechanism of selectivity of tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride for vanadium","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionic liquid (IL)-based extraction is a promising and environmentally benign separation technology. Processes for quaternary ammonium-based IL extraction of vanadium have been extensively studied, but the vanadium extraction mechanism has not been accurately confirmed. This study investigated vanadium extraction from sulphuric acid leachate of shale by solvent extraction with tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride (TOMAC/CH<sub>3</sub>NClR<sub>3</sub>). The results indicated that 90.50 % of the vanadium extraction percentage comprised one stage under the optimal condition experiments. These experiments were carried out at pH 1.8; the IL phase consisted of 25 vol% TOMAC, 15 vol% TBP, and 60 vol% sulfonated kerosene; O/A phase ratio of 1:7.5; extraction time of 120 s. The forms of vanadium and impurities present were revealed by the solution chemistry, Medusa software simulation. The extraction mechanism of vanadium was investigated using ultraviolet spec-trophotometer (UV–Vis), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and hotometer matrix-assisted laser-resolved ionization time-of-flight mass spectra (MALDI-TOF-MS). Under extraction conditions at pH 1.8, vanadium was present as an anion in the form H<sub>2</sub>V<sub>10</sub>O4- 28 and HV<sub>10</sub>O5- 28. Since the extraction mechanism of TOMAC was anion exchange, the extracted vanadium was mainly present as the anionic complex [(CH<sub>3</sub>NR<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>V<sub>10</sub>O4- 28]/[(CH<sub>3</sub>NR<sub>3</sub>)<sub>5</sub>·HV<sub>10</sub>O5- 28]. The ESP map of TOMAC and V (V) was calculated to confirm the reaction sites and was used to verify the anion exchange mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review on comprehensive utilization of nickel laterite ore 红土镍矿综合利用综述

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109044

{"title":"Review on comprehensive utilization of nickel laterite ore","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rise of the new energy battery industry, the demand and processing volume of nickel laterite ore—a crucial source of nickel for electrode materials—have steadily increased. This paper systematically reviews the traditional hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes used to extract valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, magnesium, and iron from nickel laterite ore, and briefly discusses the resource utilization of acid leaching residues and ferronickel slag. Finally, it provides an outlook on future trends in nickel laterite ore processing technologies. In hydrometallurgical processes, the simultaneous leaching of impurity elements poses challenges for the recovery of nickel and cobalt, making the efficient and comprehensive recovery of valuable elements a key research focus, with iron extraction from acid leaching residues being a critical strategy. Pyrometallurgical processes face disadvantages in terms of environmental impact and energy consumption. Thus, the future development of pyrometallurgical processes should prioritize energy conservation and emission reduction. The use of renewable resources (such as biomass) and clean energy (such as hydrogen) shows promising potential. In the production of ferronickel or nickel matte, the use of additives can enhance the reduction process but significantly increases slag generation, necessitating effective strategies for resource recovery and utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation of a population balance model for iron ore dry grinding at the IJmuiden pelletizing plant 验证伊茹迈登球团厂铁矿石干磨的物料平衡模型

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109019

引用次数: 0