Memory最新文献_第9页

Bias and constructive processes in a self-memory system. 自我记忆系统中的偏差和建构过程

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2232568

Daniel L Schacter, Ciara M Greene, Gillian Murphy

{"title":"Bias and constructive processes in a self-memory system.","authors":"Daniel L Schacter, Ciara M Greene, Gillian Murphy","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2023.2232568","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2023.2232568","url":null,"abstract":"Martin Conway's influential theorising about the self-memory system (Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261-288) illuminated how the \"working self\" influences the construction of autobiographical memories. Moreover, his constructive view of self and memory is compatible with the occurrence of various kinds of errors and distortions in remembering. Here we consider one of the \"seven sins\" of memory (Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory updated edition: How the mind forgets and remembers. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt) that we believe is most closely related to the operation of Conway's self-memory system: bias, which refers to the role of current knowledge, beliefs, and feelings in shaping and sometimes distorting memories for past experiences and attitudes. More specifically, we discuss recent research on three forms of bias - consistency, self-enhancing, and positivity biases - that illuminate their role in influencing how people remember the past and also imagine the future. We consider both theoretical and applied aspects of these biases and, consistent with Conway's perspective, argue that despite sometimes contributing to inaccuracies, bias also serves adaptive functions.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"656-665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10770298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of eye movements on the content and characteristics of unpleasant autobiographical memories: an extended replication study. 眼球运动对不愉快自传体记忆的内容和特征的影响：扩展复制研究。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2307925

H I Meckling, M H Nauta, W J P J van Hout, I Wessel

{"title":"The effects of eye movements on the content and characteristics of unpleasant autobiographical memories: an extended replication study.","authors":"H I Meckling, M H Nauta, W J P J van Hout, I Wessel","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2307925","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2307925","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental studies show that vividness and emotionality of aversive memories decrease after recall with eye movements. We aimed at replicating this finding. Relatedly, consistent with Conway's view that memory retrieval is constructive, we examined changes in the content of the memories. If eye movements render a memory less aversive, it may be avoided less, stimulating recall and increasing the opportunity to infer (contextual) details. Two experiments (N = 97 and N = 250) examined whether eye movements affect the number of central and peripheral memory details and characteristics. Female undergraduate students were randomly allocated to either eye movements with recall (EM) or recall only (RO). Before and after the experimental task, participants rated the vividness and emotionality, provided a detailed description and evaluated other memory characteristics. We replicated earlier findings that vividness (both experiments) and emotionality (experiment 2) were reduced more after EM compared to RO. However, conditions did not statistically significantly differ with respect to content details and other memory characteristics. Overall, findings support the idea that eye movements decrease the experience of the memory as vivid and emotional. Results are inconclusive regarding the idea that eye movements alter the number of recalled central and peripheral memory details.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"738-756"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139672182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct retrieval as a theory of involuntary autobiographical memories: evaluation and future directions. 作为非自主自传体记忆理论的直接检索：评估与未来方向。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2294690

Dorthe Berntsen

{"title":"Direct retrieval as a theory of involuntary autobiographical memories: evaluation and future directions.","authors":"Dorthe Berntsen","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2023.2294690","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2023.2294690","url":null,"abstract":"I evaluate the conception of direct retrieval as originally formulated in the Self-Memory System model (Conway & Pleydell-Pearce [2000]. The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261-288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261). In the hierarchical memory organisation proposed in the Self-Memory System model, direct retrieval is described as a bottom-up associative process. While its theoretical role within this model is clear, systematic empirical examination of direct retrieval, viewed as a natural and observable phenomenon, has been hampered by inconsistent operationalisations. Here, I suggest that direct retrieval should be treated as a theoretical concept, aiming at explaining the phenomenon of involuntary (spontaneously arising) autobiographical memories. I evaluate predictions derived from the concept of direct retrieval against findings on involuntary autobiographical memories obtained over the past 25 years. Most of these predictions are consistent with the evidence, notably, the enhanced episodic specificity and constructive nature of involuntary autobiographical memories. However, the theory also has critical limitations. It did not predict the frequent occurrence of involuntary recollections in daily life, exceeding the prevalence of voluntary memories. Additionally, it overlooked the early emergence of spontaneously arising event memories in ontogenesis and their presence in other species, such as great apes. Future advancements of the Self-Memory System model should integrate evolutionary perspectives to address these limitations.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"709-722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138805112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of past and future autobiographical thinking on the working self-concept. 过去和未来自传体思维对工作自我概念的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2269324

Arnaud D'Argembeau, Claudia Garcia Jimenez

{"title":"Effects of past and future autobiographical thinking on the working self-concept.","authors":"Arnaud D'Argembeau, Claudia Garcia Jimenez","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2023.2269324","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2023.2269324","url":null,"abstract":"While the role of autobiographical memory in self-representation is well established, the identity function of future thinking has received much less attention. Yet, most people commonly imagine future events that convey meaningful information about the person they wish or expect to become. In three experiments, we assessed the extent to which thinking about such self-defining future events influences the current content of self-representation (i.e., the working self-concept). Participants were asked to think about either a past or future self-defining event, or a control topic, before describing aspects of their identity in the form of \"I am\" statements (Experiments 1 and 3) or completing scales assessing self-related dimensions (Experiments 2 and 3). We found that thinking about a future self-defining event led participants to conceptualise themselves more in terms of their psychological traits, as did thinking about a past self-defining event. Furthermore, thinking about a future self-defining event increased the sense of present-future self-continuity, whereas thinking about a past self-defining event increased the sense of past-present self-continuity. These results suggest that self-representations are fuelled not only by autobiographical memories, but also by projections into the future.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"678-693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41205059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Priming in the autobiographical memory system: implications and future directions. 自传体记忆系统中的启动：含义和未来方向。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2277134

John H Mace

引用次数: 0

Remembering the good and bad and the self and others in a culturally modulated self-memory system. 在文化调节的自我记忆系统中记住好的和坏的，记住自己和他人。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2372373

Qi Wang, Nazike Mert, Yuchen Tian

{"title":"Remembering the good and bad and the self and others in a culturally modulated self-memory system.","authors":"Qi Wang, Nazike Mert, Yuchen Tian","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2372373","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2372373","url":null,"abstract":"Wang and Conway (2006, Autobiographical memory, self, and culture. In L.-G. Nilsson, & N. Ohta (Eds.), Memory and society: Psychological perspectives (pp. 9-27). Psychology Press) posit that remembering takes place in a culturally modulated self-memory system in which working self-goals are shaped by society and, in turn, influence the encoding and construction of memories in a culturally canonical fashion. The current research examined the self-goal of competence, which manifests through self-enhancement versus self-improvement motivations, in influencing remembering in different cultural contexts. We conducted two cross-cultural studies to examine memories for personal successes and failures (Study 1) and autobiographical and vicarious experiences (Study 2) in connection with individuals' positive self-views. European Americans recalled a greater number of success than failure memories (Study 1) and US participants recalled a greater number of autobiographical than vicarious memories (Study 2), which was further associated with positive self-views at the individual level. In contrast, Asian (Study 1) and Chinese participants (Study 2) recalled even-handedly the different types of memories, and the memory retrieval was unrelated to individuals' self-views. We discuss the findings in light of the different manifestations of the competence goal in shaping memory in the culturally modulated self-memory system.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"790-802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141534809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The unique and remarkable contributions to our understanding of memory that is the legacy of Martin A. Conway. 马丁-康威（Martin A. Conway）为我们理解记忆做出了独特而卓越的贡献。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2376795

Mark L Howe, Henry Otgaar

引用次数: 0

The stability of life script and life story events of Nigerian young adults across religion and gender. 不同宗教和性别的尼日利亚年轻人的人生剧本和人生故事事件的稳定性。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2351057

Rahila R Jatau, Burcu Kaya Kızılöz

{"title":"The stability of life script and life story events of Nigerian young adults across religion and gender.","authors":"Rahila R Jatau, Burcu Kaya Kızılöz","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2351057","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2351057","url":null,"abstract":"The cultural life scripts are shared semantic knowledge of the expected life course in a given culture characterised by a bump for positive events in the second and third life decades, but none for negative events [Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2004). Cultural life scripts structure recall from autobiographical memory. Memory & Cognition, 32, 427-442. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195836]. We investigated the stability of Nigerian young adults' life scripts and life stories across religion and gender. One-hundred-and-seventy-four participants completed the life script and life story tasks, and the revised religious orientation scale. We found that the life scripts and life stories consisted of mainly positive events with a reminiscence bump located in the 10s and 20s; however, we also found a small bump for negative events. There was a high mention rate of religion-specific events in both the life scripts and life stories of participants across religion and gender. The level of religiosity had effects on the importance ratings of the life scripts and life stories. In sum, despite minor variations, the life scripts and life stories were consistent across religion and gender.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"587-603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of psychopathic traits on preferential recall and recognition of emotionally evocative photos. 精神变态特质对唤起情感的照片的优先回忆和识别的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2357146

Rheanna J Remmel, Andrea L Glenn, Alexandra P Harrison

{"title":"Effects of psychopathic traits on preferential recall and recognition of emotionally evocative photos.","authors":"Rheanna J Remmel, Andrea L Glenn, Alexandra P Harrison","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2357146","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2024.2357146","url":null,"abstract":"Psychopathic traits are associated with impaired emotional processing. The present study examines the potential association between psychopathic traits and memory for emotional stimuli. Although a significant body of research suggests that memory is heightened for emotional stimuli, it is unclear how psychopathic traits may disrupt this process. Eighty-two male jail inmates completed an emotional memory task as well as portions of a standardised memory assessment. Psychopathic traits were not associated with the ability to freely recall images of positive, negative or neutral valence that participants had seen more than 15 min prior; psychopathic traits were also not associated with the ability to recognise these previously viewed images when shown them again. Exploratory analyses indicated trends toward reduced accuracy in recognising both positive and negative, but not neutral, emotional stimuli in individuals with higher levels of interpersonal and affective traits of psychopathy. As expected, psychopathy was unrelated to non-emotion-related memory functioning in auditory and visual domains as measured by the Wechsler Memory Scales 4th Edition. Overall, these results do not support the hypothesis that psychopathic traits significantly interfere with memory for emotional stimuli.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"646-654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The benefits of item-method-directed forgetting. 项目法定向遗忘的好处。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2349251

Phillip N Goernert, Barry Corenblum

引用次数: 0