Meteoritics & Planetary Science最新文献

{"title":"The American Museum of Natural History acquires the Huss-Nininger collection of meteorites","authors":"Denton S. Ebel, Nicole Childs, Thomas Davoren","doi":"10.1111/maps.70165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network structure of solar wind implanted on small celestial body surface","authors":"Sohei Wada,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Bajo,&nbsp;Hisayoshi Yurimoto","doi":"10.1111/maps.70161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The surfaces of small celestial bodies are continuously modified by space weathering and surface gardening, yet their interaction remains poorly understood due to observational gaps between micrometer and centimeter scales. Here we analyzed the two-dimensional distribution of helium in the carbonaceous chondrite NWA 801 (CR2) using the LIMAS secondary neutral mass spectrometer with micrometer resolution. The results show that ⁴He is concentrated mainly in the fine-grained matrix, forming a distinct He-rich network surrounding He-poor fine-grained regions. This structure suggests that space-weathered particles were transported into the subsurface. The process may involve a granular convection driven by impact-induced vibrations. It likely occurred during the early solar system on time scales of ~10,000 years and at depths ranging from tens of centimeters to meters. Such mixing repeatedly exposed fresh material to solar wind irradiation, producing three-dimensional ³He-enriched deposits rather than purely surface-limited accumulations. These findings provide direct microstructural evidence for the dynamic coupling between space weathering and surface gardening and highlight a potential mechanism for forming solar wind–derived helium and hydrogen resources on small celestial bodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"987-996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unsupervised machine learning approach to iron meteorite classification","authors":"Louis-Alexandre Lobanov,&nbsp;Hilary Downes","doi":"10.1111/maps.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Iron meteorites are usually classified manually using bivariate elemental plots. This study extends iron meteorite classification into multi-element space. We present a computational method for the classification of iron meteorites by applying unsupervised machine learning using density-based cluster analysis. It provides formatted iron meteorite data extracted manually from 61 papers, as well as the software created for the application of cluster analysis to iron meteorites. The method can be used to speed up and standardize iron meteorite classification, reduce bias, increase transparency, and check reproducibility of existing classifications. It is fully scalable and can use any number and combination of elements. It allows for the classification of new iron meteorites, checks the validity of existing classifications, and can identify ungrouped iron meteorites that may be related to existing groups. The model has been applied to ungrouped iron meteorites and 29 are suggested for reclassification based on our multi-element results.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"997-1011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maps.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrology, mineralogy, and trajectory reconstruction of the Maoming (L5) ordinary chondrite","authors":"Jin Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Yi Chen,&nbsp;Yi Man Yin,&nbsp;Lan Fang Xie,&nbsp;Xu Kai Gao,&nbsp;Xi Jun Liu","doi":"10.1111/maps.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Maoming meteorite, which fell in Guangdong Province, China, on May 28, 2025, represents the second-largest witnessed meteorite recovery event in China since 1949, with a total recovered mass of 423 kg. This study presents an integrated analysis of its petrology, mineral chemistry, and aerodynamic behavior to reconstruct the complete atmospheric entry-to-impact sequence. Fresh samples were examined using optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and density measurements, while the entry trajectory was simulated using a fourth-order Runge–Kutta model constrained by impact crater morphology and atmospheric data. Based on mineralogical homogeneity and shock-weathering features, Maoming is classified as an L5 ordinary chondrite (shock stage S3, weathering grade W1) with a double-layered fusion crust indicating peak temperatures of 1410°C–1615°C. Aerodynamic modeling, based on a constrained initial velocity of ~15 km/s, yields an entry angle of 13.9° and a terminal impact velocity of 267.23 m/s at a trajectory angle of 65°. The simulated penetration depth (2.98 m) closely matches field observations (~3 m), validating the reconstructed dynamics. Despite its friable, fractured structure, the meteoroid survived atmospheric passage without catastrophic disruption, contrasting with typical fragmentation-dominated entries. This case provides critical empirical constraints on the survival of moderately strong, fractured ordinary chondrites under moderate entry conditions. The combined petrological and aerodynamic approach presented here provides a framework for rapid trajectory reconstruction and impact effect quantification. This framework also offers empirical constraints on the trajectory and cratering mechanics of meter-scale, moderately strong meteoroids.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"1061-1076"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anhydrous minerals in asteroid Bennu: Evidence for well-preserved primordial components","authors":"S. S. Russell,&nbsp;I. A. Franchi,&nbsp;T. Salge,&nbsp;X. Zhao,&nbsp;R. H. Jones,&nbsp;A. J. King,&nbsp;N. V. Almeida,&nbsp;P. F. Schofield,&nbsp;H. C. Bates,&nbsp;E. A. Cortes-Calderon,&nbsp;N. Kawasaki,&nbsp;Y. Yurimoto,&nbsp;Y. Marrocchi,&nbsp;G. Libourel,&nbsp;K. Thomas-Keprta,&nbsp;L. P. Keller,&nbsp;K. Righter,&nbsp;T. J. McCoy,&nbsp;T. J. Zega,&nbsp;J. J. Barnes,&nbsp;A. N. Nguyen,&nbsp;S. Tachibana,&nbsp;H. C. Connolly Jr,&nbsp;D. S. Lauretta","doi":"10.1111/maps.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aqueously altered carbonaceous astromaterials are dominated by secondary minerals, but a minor fraction of primary, anhydrous silicates and oxides escape alteration, offering insight into the original composition of asteroid parent bodies. We report the mineralogy, petrology, mineral chemistry, and oxygen isotopes of anhydrous minerals—50 olivine grains, 12 pyroxene grains, two spinel grains, and one hibonite grain—in aqueously altered particles returned from asteroid Bennu by the OSIRIS-REx mission. These primordial grains are heterogeneously distributed, being more abundant (up to a few area percent for olivine) in less aqueously altered clasts. Olivine is typically forsteritic (Fo₁₀₀–Fo₉₃), but we found three fayalitic examples (Fo₈₀–Fo₇₅). Of the pyroxenes, seven grains are enstatite (En₁₀₀–En₉₄); two are enstatite with more Fe (En₈₃ and En₈₇); one is Fe-rich, low-Ca clinopyroxene; one is Mg-rich, aluminous low-Ca pyroxene; and one is high-Al, Ca-rich clinopyroxene. Chromium is present in olivine grains at high abundances (up to 1.3 wt% Cr₂O₃), indicating that the grains have not experienced significant thermal metamorphism. The olivines fall into two clusters: one with ¹⁶O-rich compositions (δ¹⁸O = −43 to −51‰) typical of refractory inclusions in carbonaceous chondrites and one with comparatively ¹⁶O-poor compositions (δ¹⁸O = −11 to +7.5‰) more typical of chondrules. Pyroxenes all fall in the ¹⁶O-poor cluster (δ¹⁸O = −2.6 to +13.5‰). For both olivine and pyroxene, the more Fe-rich examples are associated with heavier oxygen isotope compositions. One isolated spinel grain has an oxygen isotope composition typical of Ca-Al–rich inclusions, whereas a spinel–hibonite object has an unusual oxygen isotope composition consistent with fractionated unknown nuclear (FUN) compositions. Together, our data suggest that Bennu's parent body accreted a population of finer grained (≤10 μm) silicate and oxide grains that as a population are distinct from the anhydrous minerals in most chondrite groups but comparable to those in CI chondrites. The Bennu samples, as well as those from asteroid Ryugu and CI chondrites, appear to have accreted from a distinct reservoir that may have been in the outer protoplanetary disk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"963-986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maps.70151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/maps.70188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maps.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaching-induced Li isotope variations in weathered ordinary chondrites: Implications for terrestrial alteration","authors":"Zhong-Sha Meng,&nbsp;Ying-Kui Xu,&nbsp;Shi-Jie Li,&nbsp;Dan Zhu,&nbsp;De-Liang Wang,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Xiong-Yao Li,&nbsp;Jian-Zhong Liu","doi":"10.1111/maps.70171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Meteorite finds are commonly used to assess the chemical and isotopic compositions of their parent bodies. Among these, lithium (Li) isotopes in ordinary chondrites (OCs) have been applied to infer the Li abundance and isotopic characteristics of their parent bodies. However, Li is highly mobile in aqueous conditions and readily undergoes isotopic fractionation during fluid–mineral interactions. It remains uncertain whether Li isotopic compositions in meteorite finds reliably preserve their original parent-body signatures, particularly after prolonged terrestrial exposure. In this study, we investigated Li isotope behavior in Kumtag 015 (W3, L5) by conducting a series of leaching experiments. The untreated whole-rock sample yields a δ⁷Li value of +6.1‰, whereas all leachates exhibit heavier δ⁷Li values, ranging from +8.4‰ to +14.8‰, indicating the presence of weathering-related secondary components enriched in heavy Li isotopes. Combined with the petrographic observations and mass-balance results, these data suggest that the relatively heavy whole-rock δ⁷Li of Kumtag 015 is mainly related to the addition of heavy-δ⁷Li surficial fluids during terrestrial weathering, followed by the sequestration of Li into secondary minerals such as carbonates and Fe-(oxyhydr)oxides. This finding is consistent with prior work showing heavy δ⁷Li in carbonates. We conclude that terrestrial alteration can substantially modify Li isotope compositions in meteorite finds, highlighting the need for caution when using such samples to trace pristine planetary Li inventories.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"1045-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low temperatures and high water/rock ratios in asteroid (101955) Bennu's history based on X-ray powder diffraction of returned samples","authors":"A. J. King,&nbsp;P. F. Schofield,&nbsp;J. Najorka,&nbsp;H. C. Bates,&nbsp;S. S. Russell,&nbsp;T. J. McCoy,&nbsp;T. J. Zega,&nbsp;H. C. Connolly Jr,&nbsp;D. S. Lauretta","doi":"10.1111/maps.70169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Samples returned by NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission from the carbonaceous asteroid (101955) Bennu hold clues about conditions in the early solar system and the formation of planetary bodies. Initial investigation of Bennu samples found that they are rich in phyllosilicates and other secondary minerals formed during aqueous alteration of a larger parent body. To better understand the phyllosilicate minerals and constrain the extent and settings of alteration, we used X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to characterize the mineralogy of homogenized aggregate (unsorted) samples and an angular particle from Bennu. We find that these samples consist of abundant (&gt;80 vol%) phyllosilicates and few (≤2 vol%) precursor anhydrous silicates, in excellent agreement with remote observations of the global asteroid surface, and consistent with extensive aqueous alteration of Bennu's parent body. The XRD patterns and modal mineralogy of the Bennu samples are similar to those of CI carbonaceous chondrites and particles returned from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu by JAXA's Hayabusa2 mission, offering further support for the close genetic relationship among these materials suggested by other studies. Bennu's phyllosilicates are dominated by a mixture of trioctahedral Mg-rich clay minerals that formed from alkaline fluids under high water to rock ratios and likely evolved in response to changes in temperature and/or fluid chemistry as alteration progressed. Based on the XRD characteristics of the phyllosilicates, the Bennu samples did not experience a peak temperature at or above ~300°C after aqueous alteration. Finally, we show that the interlayer space of the clay minerals potentially contains up to ~2 wt% water and does not host trapped organic species. The abundance of interlayer water in Bennu samples is notably higher than reported for Ryugu samples (&lt;0.3 wt%), which we speculate is due to differences in either the timing at which the asteroids decoupled from the Main Belt or the sampling depths and/or mechanisms of the respective spacecraft.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"1077-1094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maps.70169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial endolithic community at Meteor Crater","authors":"David A. Kring,&nbsp;Charles S. Cockell","doi":"10.1111/maps.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Postimpact recovery and evolution in response to climate changes produced a modern ecosystem at Meteor Crater dominated by a grassland and woodland of piñon and juniper, which has been used to evaluate floral and megafaunal consequences of impact cratering during the Phanerozoic Eon of complex life. Here, we describe a postimpact endolithic community that illustrates a potential habitat for micro-ecosystems around impact craters in both Proterozoic and Phanerozoic times. Phototrophs within impact-ejected carbonate are dominated by eukaryotic green algae that affiliate with Trebouxiophycaea (<i>Trebouxia</i> and <i>Stichococcus</i> spp.). Eukaryotic fungi are dominated by Ascomycota, including <i>Hydropisphaera</i>, <i>Trichoderma</i>, <i>Acremonium</i>, and <i>Stanjemonium</i> spp., and representatives of Basidiomycota including Agaricomycetes and <i>Clitopilus</i> spp. The prokaryotic community is dominated by Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, the latter dominated by Alphaproteobacteria. At a genus level, the bacterial community contains typical representatives of soil and rock environments, including <i>Promicromonospora</i>, <i>Lentzea</i>, <i>Streptomyces</i>, <i>Kribella</i>, <i>Rubrobacter</i>, <i>Deinococcus</i>, <i>Sphingomonas</i>, <i>Belnapia</i>, and <i>Methylobacterium</i> spp. These data show that impact crater rocks host taxonomically diverse communities potentially involved in carbon cycling in the early stages of colonization.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"955-962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maps.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of VIS-IR imaging spectroscopy and SEM-EDS and EMPA to map the mineralogical composition of NWA 7317 (CR6)","authors":"Simone Pascucci,&nbsp;Tiberio Cuppone,&nbsp;Martina Casalini,&nbsp;Simone De Angelis,&nbsp;Antonio Lettino,&nbsp;Angelo Palombo,&nbsp;Eliana La Francesca,&nbsp;Gianrico Filacchione,&nbsp;Maria Cristina De Sanctis,&nbsp;Anna Galiano,&nbsp;Giovanni Pratesi","doi":"10.1111/maps.70170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Asteroid compositional analysis relies on comparing reflectance spectra with laboratory data from well-characterized meteorites. To advance this comparison, we performed a comprehensive laboratory analysis on a slab of the Northwest Africa (NWA) 7317—CR6 carbonaceous chondrite. We employed high-resolution Visible-Infrared (VIS-IR) imaging spectroscopy (0.4–5.1 μm) using the SPIM hyperspectral facility, integrated with high-spatial-resolution elemental mapping via SEM-EDS and EMPA-WDS. This multi-technique approach enabled the retrieval of surface composition at high spectral and spatial resolutions. Our results, supported by ICA/PCA and K-means classification methodologies, highlight the challenges of integrating VIS-IR spectroscopy and SEM/EMPA at the micrometer scale. While both techniques consistently infer an overall poikiloblastic/metamorphic texture dominated by an olivine and pyroxene-rich matrix, their combined use requires a critical approach for robust analysis. The absence of the 3 μm absorption band indicates high temperatures during thermal metamorphism on the NWA 7317 parent body. Although FeNi metallic alloys and Fe-sulfide inclusions contribute to the VIS-IR spectroscopic signal, they are not clearly distinguishable from each other. Furthermore, minor phases like plagioclase and chromite detected via SEM/EMPA are not plainly visible in the SPIM results. We review the potential of integrating these techniques to assess the petrography, mineralogy, and terrestrial weathering of NWA 7317.</p>","PeriodicalId":18555,"journal":{"name":"Meteoritics & Planetary Science","volume":"61 6","pages":"1026-1044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maps.70170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}