Mindfulness最新文献

{"title":"Parents’ Self-Compassion as a Moderator Between Children’s Emotional Regulation Difficulties and Parents’ Depressive Symptoms","authors":"Maite Larrucea-Iruretagoyena, Izaskun Orue, Esther Calvete","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02412-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02412-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Recent studies suggest that children’s emotional difficulties may impact their parents’ psychological well-being, and certain protective factors could mitigate this association. The existing literature points to self-compassion as a potential protective factor against stress and difficulties. To this end, the present study aimed to explore the potential protective role of parents’ self-compassion in the prospective relationship between children’s emotional regulation difficulties and parents’ depressive symptoms.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>The initial sample consisted of 214 children (53.3% girls; <i>M</i>_age = 12.71, <i>SD</i> = 1.37) and their parents: 209 mothers (<i>M</i>_age = 46.74 years, <i>SD</i> = 4.42) and 181 fathers (<i>M</i>_age = 48.85 years, <i>SD</i> = 5.42). The participants answered self-report questionnaires in a two-wave longitudinal study conducted over one year. A multilevel analysis was performed to examine the predictive pathways of parents’ depressive symptoms from children’s emotional regulation difficulties, parents’ self-compassion, and their interaction. Gender differences were addressed in the predictive associations.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Children’s emotional regulation difficulties predicted their parents’ depressive symptoms after one year, and this association was found to become attenuated as parents’ self-compassion increased. No significant gender differences were found for depressive symptoms or self-compassion, and parents’ gender did not moderate any of the longitudinal associations.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Children’s emotional regulation difficulties may increase risk for parental depressive symptoms, but parental self-compassion mitigates this relationship.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Preregistration</h3><p>This study was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Mindfulness Mediate the Relationship Between Emotion Regulation and Pro-Environmental Behaviors Differently Based on Gender?","authors":"Giulia Ballarotto, Valeria D’Anna, Lorenzo Stefàno, Patrizia Velotti","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02405-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02405-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to explore possible gender differences in the relationship between emotion dysregulation, mindfulness, and pro-environmental behaviors. Specifically, it aimed to investigate whether mindfulness mediated the association between emotion dysregulation and pro-environmental behaviors, and if there were any gender differences in this relationship.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>A sample of 1,406 employees (56.3% males, average age = 44.85) participated in the study. Participants completed the Pro-Environmental Behaviors Scale (PEBS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale- Short Form (DERS-SF), and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) to assess pro-environmental behaviors, emotion regulation, and mindfulness, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and mediation analysis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Women exhibited higher scores on the PEBS total scale (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; 𝜂² = 0.02), higher scores on the Observe and Describe FFMQ subscales (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; 𝜂² = 0.01), and lower scores on the Non-react FFMQ subscale (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; 𝜂² = 0.01), compared to men. No gender differences were found on the DERS-SF total scale (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05; 𝜂² = 0.00). Higher levels of emotion dysregulation were associated with lower pro-environmental behaviors (<i>r</i> = - 0.12; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Mindfulness mediated the relationship between emotion dysregulation and pro-environmental behaviors, specifically through the ability to observe one's own emotions and external stimuli. Gender differences were found based on the Non-react facet of mindfulness, which is negatively associated with pro-environmental behaviors in men (<i>β</i> = - 0.08; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and positively associated with them in women (<i>β</i> = 0.09; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The findings suggest that emotion dysregulation and mindfulness are associated with pro-environmental behaviors. The ability to observe one's own emotions and external stimuli plays a significant role in promoting sustainable behaviors, while the ability to perceive one's own emotions without feeling overwhelmed or compelled to react to them has different associations with pro-environmental behaviors in men and women. These results provide insights for the development of interventions targeting emotion regulation and mindfulness to encourage pro-environmental behaviors, specifically based on gender.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Preregistration</h3><p>This study is not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-State Functional Connectivity Associated with Non-Judgmental Awareness Predicted Multiple Measures of Negative Affect","authors":"Yi-Sheng Wong, Savannah Siew, Junhong Yu","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02413-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02413-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>In recent years, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the usefulness of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in identifying varying levels of trait mindfulness. As higher trait mindfulness (as reflected by higher FFMQ scores) has been associated with fewer negative affective symptoms, a thorough understanding of the neural correlates associated with FFMQ scores would inform the development of more individualized mindfulness interventions. The current study investigated how individual differences in trait mindfulness are related to different resting-state functional connectivity patterns, and whether these patterns could predict negative affective symptoms.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from 71 adults (age range: 20–45 years) from the Max Planck Institute-Leipzig Mind-Brain-Body dataset. Participants completed the FFMQ, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and reported the content of thought emerged during the scanning session. Network-based statistics were used to identify resting-state networks that were significantly associated with the FFMQ facets. The strengths of these networks were then used to predict negative affective symptoms.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Results indicated that higher scores on the facets of act with awareness and nonjudge were associated with fewer negative affective symptoms. The network-based statistics revealed networks of edges that were significantly associated with the facet of nonjudge. Moreover, this network significantly predicted multiple measures of negative affect. There were no networks that were significantly associated with other facets.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings provide evidence at the neural level to suggest that the facet of nonjudge is inversely linked to negative affective symptoms.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Preregistration</h3><p>This study was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affirmative Mindfulness, Acceptance, and Compassion-Based Group Intervention for Sexual Minorities (Free2Be): A Non-Randomized Mixed-Method Study for Feasibility with Exploratory Analysis of Effectiveness","authors":"Daniel Seabra, Jorge Gato, Nicola Petrocchi, Maria do Céu Salvador","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02403-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02403-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Despite sexual minority (SM), i.e. individuals who identify as lesbian women, gay men, bisexual, or pansexual, individuals presenting worse mental health outcomes when compared to heterosexual individuals, they face more difficulties in accessing affirmative and quality health services. This study is a mixed-method non-randomized single-arm trial targeting SM individuals assessing the feasibility and exploratory findings from an affirmative mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion-based group intervention (<i>Free2Be</i>).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>Eighteen participants who self-identified as SM, with a mean age of 30.80 years old, underwent a face-to-face group intervention with 13 weekly sessions (<i>Free2Be</i>). Feasibility was assessed in three domains (acceptability, practicality, and preliminary effectiveness) with self-report questionnaires and hetero-report interviews, during and after the intervention, and using a mixed-methods approach. Using a pre–post and participant-by-participant design, changes were assessed in self-reported internalized stigma, psychopathology indicators, and mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion processes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The <i>Free2Be</i> was acceptable and feasible in all three domains. Participants who completed the intervention (≥ 80% of attendance) revealed significant or reliable decreases in stress and social anxiety symptoms, self-criticism, and fear of compassion for the self.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The study provides evidence of the feasibility of the intervention. This affirmative mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion-based group intervention seems to be feasible and acceptable for SM individuals. These promising findings warrant further investigation within a pilot study.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindful Non-Judging and Posttraumatic Reactions in Police Academy Cadets: A Path Analysis","authors":"Brian A. Chopko, Richard E. Adams, Jeremy Davis, Terri L. Pelger, Patrick A. Palmieri","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02402-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02402-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Dispositional mindfulness has been associated with lower posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other negative health symptoms in the police population. Of the various mindfulness facets (i.e., non-judging, observing, describing, acting with awareness), non-judging has been demonstrated to be the strongest predictor of lower PTSD symptoms in police academy cadets. The mechanisms by which non-judging may lead to enhanced health outcomes in police officers are poorly understood and require further investigation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>The purpose of the current study was to test a model involving a pathway from pre-trauma mindful non-judging to PTSD symptoms and ultimately posttraumatic growth (PTG) that is mediated by worldviews in a sample of police academy cadets (<i>n</i> = 379). Data were collected via a survey packet distributed at a police academy located in a Southern state of the United States. We examined the relationships among demographic factors, adverse child events, negative life events, mindful non-judgment, world assumptions, PTSD, and PTG using path analysis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results indicated that positive worldviews served as a mediator between dispositional mindful non-judging and lower PTSD symptoms, which ultimately led to lower PTG.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings have important implications for the selection and training of police academy cadets with the goal of increasing resilience to occupational trauma exposure. Additionally, these results have clinical implications regarding the treatment of officers experiencing symptoms of PTSD.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Preregistration</h3><p>This study is not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141721753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindfulness in Orthopedic Rehabilitation: Can the Use of a Mindfulness Diary Positively Influence the Therapeutic Outcome of Orthopedic Rehabilitation?","authors":"Franziska Schäffer, Petra Jansen","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02396-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02396-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Mindfulness is a proven therapeutic practice for reducing anxiety, depression, and chronic pain, which are factors that influence the success of hip/knee replacement surgery. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of mindfulness bibliotherapy in rehabilitation on anxiety, depression, and health status. The objective was to determine whether there is a connection between the level of mindfulness before rehabilitation and the health status after rehabilitation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>Ninety-three patients (<i>M</i> _age = 63.34, <i>SD</i> = 10.49) from an outpatient rehabilitation clinic participated in the study. Forty-three patients were included in the mindfulness bibliotherapy group, and 45 were included in the waitlist control group. Anxiety, depression (both measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), quality of life (measured with the SF-36), and walking ability (measured with the Timed “Up and Go”-Test), as well as orthopedic measurements and dispositional mindfulness, were measured before and after the intervention. A follow-up measurement was carried out 4 weeks after the end of rehabilitation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>A significant interaction effect between test time (pre- and post-test) and group (mindfulness bibliotherapy and waitlist control group) was detected for the measurement of Anxiety. The Anxiety score decreased in the intervention group from the pre-test to the post-test and the follow-up. In addition, the five subscales of dispositional mindfulness, age, and gender predicted mental health status (measured with the mental health scale of the SF-36) at the end of rehabilitation, <i>F</i>(7, 85) = 2.52, <i>p</i> = 0.021, even though no individual predictor reached significance.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Mindfulness diary practice can be a helpful therapy approach to support patients and to regain the goal of full capacity for working life and everyday life after surgery. Further studies need to investigate more intensively the relationships between the mode of action of mindfulness interventions in the setting of orthopedic rehabilitation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Preregistration</h3><p>This study was preregistered in OSF (https://osf.io/4tmwq/).</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindfulness Meditation and the Meaning of Life","authors":"Oren Hanner","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02404-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02404-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Throughout the history of philosophy, ethics has often been a source of guidance on how to live a meaningful life. Accordingly, when the ethical foundations of mindfulness are considered, an important question arises concerning the role of meditation in providing meaning. The present article proposes a new theoretical route for understanding the links between mindfulness meditation and meaningfulness by employing the terminology of Susan Wolf’s contemporary philosophical account of a meaningful life. It opens by examining the question of what kinds of life-meanings are made available by Buddhist doctrine, considering the two alternatives of a cosmic, human-independent meaning of life versus the subjective meanings that humans give to their individual lives. After surveying current psychological theories that aim to explain the correlation between mindfulness as a trait and meaning in life, all of which see mindfulness as a mediating factor in the production of meaning, I argue that Wolf’s framework offers a promising theoretical basis for clarifying the relationship between mindfulness and meaning in that it explains why mindfulness has a direct bearing on meaning in life. I then show that mindfulness meditation, as understood in Buddhism, can respond to some of the philosophical worries that arise from Wolf’s theory, specifically her concern with the standards for securing the objective value of meaningful activities and projects. My claim is that mindfulness meditation is representative of a broader class of activities that are non-subjectively valuable insofar as they are required for any exploration of objective meaning or standards of values, as well as for engagement in objectively valuable projects and activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Investigation of a Prenatal Mindfulness Relationship-Based (PMRB) Program to Support Maternal Mental Health and Mother–Baby Relationship During Pregnancy and Post-Partum","authors":"Antonella Sansone, Peta Stapleton, Alan Patching","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02399-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02399-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pregnancy and the postpartum period are times of significant transition for women, with changes in maternal physical and mental health. The formation of a relationship between a mother and her baby is vital and has been recognised as laying the foundation for later child development. There is considerable evidence that this early relationship is influenced by a woman’s well-being during pregnancy and in the early post-partum period. Mindfulness-based programs have previously revealed positive outcomes, primarily in reducing maternal stress, anxiety, and depression. However, there remains a need for considering the influence of mindfulness on the mother-baby relationship and embodiment during pregnancy and the first trimester post-partum. This study aimed to conduct an in-depth exploration of pregnant women’s experiences of a nine-session prenatal mindfulness relationship-based (PMRB) program to support its feasibility.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Information about pregnant women’s (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 13) experiences of the PMRB program was collected through online interviews during the sessions, including their birth stories. Responses to an open-ended question about how the program had supported them during pregnancy, labour/birth, and the first post-partum trimester were summarised using thematic analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sixteen themes were identified and organised in four categories: (1) expectations and motivations (healthy pregnancy and mental health, non-medicalised birth, contribution to the field); (2) experiences of the PMRB program (positive experiences, shared experience, engagement with mindfulness practices, pain, stress, and anxiety relief); (3) changes attributed to the PMRB program (a new way of responding to stressors, trusting the process, connecting to body, breath, and unborn baby, awareness of the unborn baby as a sentient being); (4) changes attributed to the mindfulness practice (increased mindfulness/self-awareness, stop look listen, embracing the moment, acceptance).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The evaluation suggested the PMRB program may help women cope with pain and emotional challenges and be more connected to their bodies and infant. The program may also help women become more aware of their unborn baby as a sentient being and the influence of their health and mental well-being on the baby development and health. Furthermore, the program may facilitate the mother-baby relationship during pregnancy, post-partum, and breastfeeding.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Preregistration&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The trial has been successfully registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) following ethical approval from Bond University Human Research Ethics Committee (BUHREC—Application AS03534, approved 20 December 2022) and allocated the Australian clinical trial","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of a Single, Brief Mindfulness Intervention on Cognitive and Emotional Reactivity: An EEG Study","authors":"Emily Ahne, Mónica Rosselli","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02406-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02406-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Mindfulness training produces behavioral and neuronal enhancements for executive and emotional control processes that strengthen with experience. We aimed to examine how a single 30-min session of mindfulness impacts behavioral and electrophysiological outcomes (event-related potentials; ERPs) of inhibitory control and perception of affectively negative words.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>Using a mixed within-subject design, 62 university participants provided behavioral and electrophysiological data, and were randomly assigned to two groups: audio-guided mindfulness meditation or relaxation technique of their choice. Participants completed two blocks of computerized tasks (two measuring inhibitory function: Go/NoGo, Simon task; and one assessing affective perception: word rating task), as well as provided self-reported state-induced mindfulness levels before and after the intervention.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Regardless of group, Go/NoGo performance accuracy was at ceiling (≥ 91%). All participants showed enhanced post-intervention NoGo-N2 amplitudes indicating an increased need for conflict monitoring processes. No significant between-group effects emerged for the behavioral Simon Effect or for incongruent P3 ERPs. Behavioral ratings of negative and positive words were unimpacted, whereas neutral words were rated more positively by all participants post-intervention. Initial ERP analyses indicated faster post-intervention LPP components across valence for the mindfulness group; however, results did not remain significant after accounting for multiple comparisons.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our report contributes to the research surrounding how brief (30-min) sessions of mindfulness practice impact one’s ability to inhibit themselves as well as perception of affective words. Future studies should include fewer or shorter tasks to maximize the transient effects of mindfulness practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Compassion is Associated with Improved Well-Being and Healthier Cortisol Profiles in Undergraduate Students","authors":"Alexandra Cowand, Unurzaya Amarsaikhan, Rachel F. Ricks, Elizabeth D. Cash, Sandra E. Sephton","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02383-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02383-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Stress is highly prevalent in college students. Self-compassion, the tendency to respond in a caring manner to one’s own suffering or failures, reduces psychological distress and promotes mental health. Self-compassion may also influence physiological manifestations of stress; however, research is limited. Among undergraduate students over the course of an academic semester, we explored the associations of self-compassion with stress-related psychological variables including measures of affect, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. We also examined daily patterns of salivary cortisol over four days: diurnal slope, mean, and day-to-day cortisol rhythm stability.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>This sample of undergraduate students from introductory psychology courses in a large United States Midwestern university was predominantly non-Hispanic White (71.2%) and female (86.4%). All data were collected prior to final exams. After providing baseline psychosocial data, participants engaged in a 2-week mindfulness intervention: They were provided an iPod loaded with audio tracks based on the well-known Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction intervention, but received no face-to-face instruction. Fifty-nine participants provided self-report demographic and medical data and completed the saliva sampling regimen over the first 4 days of the intervention. Diurnal salivary cortisol was assessed immediately after waking and again at bedtime over four consecutive days.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Hierarchical multiple regressions replicated previous findings showing that self-compassion is associated with higher positive and lower negative affect, lower perceived stress, and fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression. Regression models controlling for oral contraception and tobacco use revealed a positive association of self-compassion with healthy cortisol profiles marked by steeper diurnal cortisol slopes and increased regularity of the inter-daily cortisol slope.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These results confirm that self-compassion may be protective against the psychological and physiological manifestations of stress in college. Kind and compassionate responses to one’s own struggles may shield students from the adverse effects of stress. The potential mechanisms underlying these associations are worthy of future research.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Preregistration</h3><p>This study is not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}