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The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy最新文献

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The Epistemic Value of Democratic Deliberation 民主审议的认识价值
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.26
David M. Estlund, Hélène Landemore
{"title":"The Epistemic Value of Democratic Deliberation","authors":"David M. Estlund, Hélène Landemore","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.26","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, some normative approaches to democracy have emphasized its actual or aspirational epistemic value—a tendency to make good or correct decisions. While some accounts explain how such value might arise in a broadly statistical and probabilistic way, other accounts emphasize ways in which interpersonal political deliberation might have epistemic value of the right kind. Epistemic democratic deliberation plays a role in some traditional approaches, but it has been more prominent in recent decades. In this chapter we explain and discuss approaches which consider mechanisms by which democratic deliberation might have epistemic value, and also approaches which focus on the role that such a hypothesized epistemic value might play in an account of the authority or justification of democratic arrangements.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127074837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
Deliberative Negotiation 协商谈判
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.52
Daniel Naurin, C. Reh
{"title":"Deliberative Negotiation","authors":"Daniel Naurin, C. Reh","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.52","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter addresses three questions: What is deliberative negotiation? How can deliberative negotiation be achieved? What does deliberative negotiation do? First, deliberative negotiation is a communication process that contributes to reaching binding decisions in democratic politics, and is characterized by justification, mutual respect, and the absence of coercion. Second, three sets of conditions—related to 1) formal institutions, 2) social context, 3) issue characteristics—conduce “deliberative moments” in a negotiation. The chapter illustrates how these conditions work, with a focus on EU negotiations. Third, we explore the impact of deliberative negotiation on delivering outcomes tout court (e.g. by offering solutions to the negotiators’ dilemma) and on producing “better” outcomes (e.g. by increasing the likelihood of overall preference satisfaction). The chapter concludes that both the process and outcome of deliberative negotiation can instil legitimacy even when other aspects of a negotiation (or of the political system itself) struggle to do so.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130042659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 50
Deliberation and Representation 审议和代表
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.58
Mark B. Brown
{"title":"Deliberation and Representation","authors":"Mark B. Brown","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.58","url":null,"abstract":"Questions of representation arise with regard to the authority, legitimacy, and demographic makeup of deliberative bodies of all kinds. In contrast to an earlier focus on state institutions, recent research on representation examines both elected and unelected representatives in a wide range of local, regional, and transnational arenas. Potential constituencies include not just the voters of territorially defined states, but also nonvoters, undocumented immigrants, people in other countries, children, future generations, and nonhumans. This chapter first briefly sketches selected aspects of the historical relation between representation, deliberation, and democracy. It then examines some of the ways that deliberative theorists have taken up questions of representation with regard to representative thinking, social perspectives, and minipublics. The chapter then discusses systemic and constructivist approaches to representation, focusing on their implications for collective identity, democratic legitimacy, and the relation between political theory and politics.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133924623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Deliberative and Participatory Democracy 协商和参与民主
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.5
S. Elstub
{"title":"Deliberative and Participatory Democracy","authors":"S. Elstub","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.5","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the relationship between participatory and deliberative democracy; analysing their similarities and differences, compatibilities and tensions, to ascertain whether they should, and can, be pursued in tandem. The case is made that the normative and explanatory potential of each approach is diminished without the presence of the other in these conceptions so it is desirable and coherent to pursue a ‘participatory deliberative democracy’ in which citizens participate in making collective decisions through deliberation. There are certainly challenges in combining them, but the inconclusive evidence on their compatibility provides insufficient reason not to try given the legitimacy benefits that could be accrued if successful. Indeed, it is concluded that many citizens would welcome more opportunities to participate in, meaningful and consequential, deliberation.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130871704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Deliberative Ideals Across Diverse Cultures 多元文化中的协商理想
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.2
Jensen Sass
{"title":"Deliberative Ideals Across Diverse Cultures","authors":"Jensen Sass","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the scheme of history, most political deliberation has taken place outside the modern West. But the study of deliberation, however extensive it has become, has largely ignored this wider world. Examining how deliberation manifests across different societies has considerable promise for both explanatory and normative political theory. To explain why people deliberate—which should be among the first questions deliberative democrats ponder—it is first necessary to examine how people deliberate, and why this varies. Doing so with a comparative and historical perspective, even in the preliminary fashion presented here, reveals how social and political ideals can motivate and shape deliberative practice. And there are normative stakes in this agenda. If collective deliberation is to prevail in global governance, we must fashion political ideals which motivate diverse peoples to come together in discourse, rather than confront their problems, or compound them, by less desirable means.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131230642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Deliberative Polling 审议式投票
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.10
James S. Fishkin
{"title":"Deliberative Polling","authors":"James S. Fishkin","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.10","url":null,"abstract":"Deliberative Polling attempts to answer a simple question: what would the people think about an issue under good conditions for thinking about it? Most of the time most people are not paying a lot of attention, they are not well informed, and there are many efforts to manipulate public opinion. What would the people think if they were effectively motivated to pay attention and enabled to get information about competing arguments and if they could discuss those issues with their fellow citizens in moderated, civil discussions? These simple requirements lead to the design: advisory group vetting of briefing materials; random sampling with an initial survey permitting evaluation of attitudinal as well as demographic representativeness; moderated small group discussions; plenary sessions with competing experts; final confidential questionnaire permitting evaluation of opinion changes. The process has been applied in more than 27 countries.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122186097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
If Deliberation Is Everything, Maybe It’s Nothing 如果深思熟虑是一切，也许它什么都不是
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.23
R. Goodin
{"title":"If Deliberation Is Everything, Maybe It’s Nothing","authors":"R. Goodin","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.23","url":null,"abstract":"The original deliberative democratic ideal, in both its liberal Rawlsian and critical theoretic Habermasian forms, was one of a cooperative quest for a rationally motivated consensus based on the respectful exchange of reasons among free and equal participants. Subsequent work by deliberative democrats has stretched the concept far beyond that—to what often looks more like a fractious struggle to strike a deal underwritten more by pragmatism than reason among people who are not particularly free or equal in their power and influence. Those stretches are motivated by a desire to make the model either more deliberative or more democratic or moral realistic—or sometimes, in the best-case scenario, all three at once. A deliberative systems approach enables all three to be achieved, some at one place in the system and others at other places.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130282981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Deliberative Democracy in East Asia 东亚的协商民主
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.42
Beibei Tang, Tetsuki Tamura, Baogang He
{"title":"Deliberative Democracy in East Asia","authors":"Beibei Tang, Tetsuki Tamura, Baogang He","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.42","url":null,"abstract":"Japan and China offer two interesting case studies of Asian “deliberative turn” and represent different potential paths to deliberative democracy in Asia. Japanese public deliberation promises to deepen democracy within a liberal democratic system, while Chinese deliberative processes may have the potential to introduce democratic moments into an authoritarian system. In this chapter we aim to develop an understanding of how two key East Asian contexts, Japan and China, are developing deliberative institutions. We examine their cultural, institutional, and historical features, discuss the driving forces, characteristics, and patterns of deliberative institutions, and investigate the impact of Confucian culture. To apply the systematic approach we also examine the potential for deliberative capacity building, as well as assess the prospects for deliberative democracy in East Asia.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"101-102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133042356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Philosophic Origins of Deliberative Ideals 协商理想的哲学起源
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.1
S. Chambers
{"title":"The Philosophic Origins of Deliberative Ideals","authors":"S. Chambers","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198747369.013.1","url":null,"abstract":"Deliberative democracy is a relatively recent development in democratic theory. But the theorists and practitioners of deliberative democracy often reach far back for philosophical and theoretic resources to develop the core ideas. This chapter traces some of those sources and ideas. As deliberative democracy is itself a somewhat contested theory, the chapter does not present a linear story of intellectual heritage. Instead it draws on a variety of sometimes disparate sources to identify different ideals that become stressed in different versions of deliberation and deliberative democracy. The philosophic sources canvased include Aristotle, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, John Dewey and American Pragmatism, John Rawls, and Jürgen Habermas. The chapter pays special attention to the way different philosophical sources speak to the balance between the epistemic and normative claims of deliberative democracy.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115209336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Deliberative Democracy and Public Dispute Resolution 协商民主与公共争议解决
The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Pub Date : 2018-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.17
L. Susskind, Jessica Gordon, Yasmin Zaerpoor
{"title":"Deliberative Democracy and Public Dispute Resolution","authors":"L. Susskind, Jessica Gordon, Yasmin Zaerpoor","doi":"10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780198747369.013.17","url":null,"abstract":"Deliberative democracy and public dispute resolution (PDR) have the same goal—to inform and determine the public interest—but they involve different skills and practices. This article considers the ways in which deliberative democratic approaches to policy-related decision-making can be supplemented with tools used in public dispute resolution—specifically, the use of an independent mediator, the well-developed technique of stakeholder assessment, and a new strategy called joint fact-finding, where stakeholders with different interests work together with outside experts to identify common assumptions, gather information together, and formulate and clarify opinions. All are designed to achieve fairer, wiser, more stable and more efficient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":185217,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115707933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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