Micron最新文献

{"title":"A method for obtaining object defocus information in the RC observation mode","authors":"Yongxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenxing Shi ,&nbsp;Huiquan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The micro-operation robot is widely used in micro-manipulations of biological cells in biological and medical experiments. It plans and controls micro-effector movement based on image feedback information to achieve micro-operations. However, the displacement information of the micro-effector on the x-y plane can be obtained from the image, but not the position information of the micro-effector in the z-axis direction. This makes the micro-effector movement in the z-axis direction discontinuous, which is time-consuming and reduces operational efficiency. In this study, starting from the optical imaging principle of Robert Hoffman modulation contrast method (RC), we propose a defocus detection method for the RC observation mode of an optical microscope. Our method can determine the direction of defocus, which is not available in previous defocusing detection methods. Utilizing this method, we achieve rapid focus for the micro-effector while it is moving along the z-axis direction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10027966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the microstructure and texture of intermetallics in Al/Mg/Al multi-layer composite fabricated by Accumulative Roll Bonding","authors":"Ismail Bencherifa ,&nbsp;Baya Alili ,&nbsp;Thierry Baudin ,&nbsp;François Brisset ,&nbsp;Dominique Thiaudière ,&nbsp;Cristian Mocuta ,&nbsp;Djamal Bradai","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The microstructure and texture of the intermetallics<span> in Al/Mg/Al multi-layer composite fabricated by Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) at 400 °C up to 6 cycles were investigated using Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD) and Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction (SXRD). EBSD and SXRD analysis have shown that ARB processing leads to the formation of Al</span></span>₃Mg₂ and Mg₁₇Al₁₂<span><span> intermetallics soon after the second ARB cycle with a global thickness of 12 (N = 2) to 22 µm (N = 6). The polycrystalline intermetallics plates growth was columnar and normal to the bonding interface. A constitutional </span>liquefaction region was depicted ahead of the plates with an unusual rugged migration front. The Al</span>₃Mg₂ and Mg₁₇Al₁₂<span> intermetallic compounds which formed after 2 ARB cycles have approximately the same average grain size (1.0 µm) at this cycle. After 4 ARB cycles, the grain refinement of Al</span>₃Mg₂ is more than 4 times higher than in Mg₁₇Al₁₂. The average grain size of Al₃Mg₂ and Mg₁₇Al₁₂ reach 0.2 and 0.9 µm, respectively. After 6 cycles of ARB, the average grain size of both Al₃Mg₂ and Mg₁₇Al₁₂ increased to 1.5 µm and 2.8 µm, respectively. The dislocation density obeyed a ρ_Al3Mg2 &gt; ρ_AZ31 &gt; ρ_{Al 1050} ∼ ρ_Mg17Al12 hierarchy after N = 4 and 6 ARB cycles and the Al₃Mg₂ was shown to store more dislocations. Through the ARB processing, a usual strong basal (0002) texture was depicted in AZ31 layers and a weak rolling texture was shown in Al 1050 layers with a dominant Rotated Cube (001) 110 &gt; component that vanished after upon increasing ARB cycles. The Al₃Mg₂ and Mg₁₇Al₁₂ intermetallics were characterized by a random texture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10022513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for measuring the charging kinetics of dielectrics under electron irradiation in SEM","authors":"E.I. Rau,&nbsp;A.A. Tatarintsev,&nbsp;E.Yu. Zykova","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>A novel method is proposed to measure the charging potential of dielectric targets under medium energy </span>electron irradiation<span> in a scanning electron microscope. The method is based on the measurement of backscattered electron signals by standard semiconductor or scintillation detectors. The signal is pre-calibrated by grey scale levels on the SEM screen. The detector signal is made up with backscattered and secondary electrons which are accelerated in the electric field created above the dielectric surface under irradiation.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10022530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent developments in cervical cancer diagnosis using deep learning on whole slide images: An Overview of models, techniques, challenges and future directions","authors":"Diksha Sambyal,&nbsp;Abid Sarwar","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Integration of whole slide imaging (WSI) and deep learning<span><span> technology has led to significant improvements in the screening and diagnosis of cervical cancer. WSI enables the examination of all cells on a slide simultaneously and deep learning algorithms can accurately label them as cancerous or non-cancerous. Although many studies have investigated the application of deep learning for diagnosing various diseases, there is a lack of research focusing on the evolution, limitations, and gaps of intelligent algorithms in conjunction with WSI for cervical cancer. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms used for the timely and precise analysis of cervical WSI images. A total of 115 relevant papers were reviewed, and 37 were selected after screening with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological aspects including deep learning techniques, data sources, architectures, and classification techniques employed by the selected studies were analyzed. The review presents the most popular techniques and current trends in deep learning-based cervical classification systems, and categorizes the evolution of the domain based on deep learning techniques, citing an in-depth analysis of various models developed over time. The paper advocates for the implementation of transfer supervised learning when utilizing deep learning models such as </span>ResNet, VGG19, and EfficientNet, and builds a solid foundation for applying relevant techniques in different fields. Although some progress has been made in developing novel models for the diagnosis of cervical cancer, substantial work remains to be done in creating standardized benchmark databases of WSI images for the research community. This paper serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding the fundamental concepts, benefits, and challenges related to various deep learning models on WSI, including their application for cervical system classification. Additionally, it provides valuable insights into future research directions in this area.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10045491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of in-plane oriented Guinier-Preston zones in Al-Cu","authors":"Johannes Berlin,&nbsp;Tobias Stegmüller,&nbsp;Ferdinand Haider","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Known for a long time, the first metastable precipitate which forms in Al-Cu alloys during natural ageing are the so-called Guinier-Preston zones (GPZ), platelets of Cu on {100} planes of only one atomic layer thickness. Only with the development of aberration corrected transmission electron microscopes (TEM), direct observation and imaging of these platelets was possible, but with the restriction, that only edge view was possible. Here we show that under appropriate conditions an observation in a plan-view is possible and allows further insight into the shape and arrangement of the GP-zones. Furthermore, this demonstrates that single atom detection of one Cu atom in a column of Al atoms is possible.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10400372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentialities of iodine-enhanced micro-CT imaging in the morphological study of adult Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) mosquitoes","authors":"Mateus Gruener Lima ,&nbsp;Eduardo Inocente Jussiani ,&nbsp;Avacir Casanova Andrello ,&nbsp;João Antonio Cyrino Zequi ,&nbsp;Edson Kenji Kawabata","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>X-ray micro-computed tomography<span> (CT) produces three-dimensional images of samples on a micrometer scale. This technique has several advantages, such as its nondestructive character and low measurement time, compared with other techniques. However, when applied to biological samples of soft tissue, the low attenuation and low effective contrast between structures pose difficulties in creating appropriate images for morphological studies. Diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced CT (DICE-CT), which uses iodine solutions to enhance contrast, is a viable alternative for addressing the aforementioned challenges. Given the variety of biological samples, an appropriate methodology must be adapted depending on the dimensions and morphological characteristics of the investigated object. A specimen that has not been morphologically studied by micro-CT and is of high sanitary importance is the adult </span></span><span><em>Aedes aegypti</em></span> mosquito. This study investigated the stage of iodine staining in the treatment of the <em>A. aegypti</em> mosquito to determine the most suitable staining time for the morphological study of this mosquito in adulthood. After determining the appropriate staining time, we discuss the potential of applying DICE-CT and methodology to mosquito studies. Seven <em>A. aegypti</em><span> females were treated using fixation steps with Bouin's solution, dehydration in a graded ethanol series, staining with iodine solution (1%), and washing in absolute ethanol. Only the staining step was different between samples. Each mosquito spent a varying amount of time (6–72 h) in the iodine solution (1%). For comparison, one of the mosquitoes was not stained. After treatment, the samples were scanned using the Bruker SkyScan 1172 micro-CT scanner. The reconstructed volumes and histograms were compared to determine the most suitable time. In addition, a quantitative analysis was performed based on a comparison of the attenuation profiles of the mosquito brains. Thereafter, the most suitable treatment process was selected, and two other samples were scanned after applying the selected process. Although fewer than 18 h was insufficient for an effective increase in attenuation and effective contrast, surpassing 24 h proved unnecessary and resulted in saturating the gray tones visualized through the histograms, leading to information loss. Therefore, a time of approximately 24 h was the most suitable staining time for studying adult </span><em>A. aegypti</em>. It was possible to isolate the organs of the digestive and reproductive systems of the mosquito stained for 24 h. Thus, micro-CT was confirmed to be an excellent technique in studies of individual structures of adult <em>A. aegypti</em> mosquitoes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10419749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of golgi dispersal and classification using machine learning models","authors":"Rutika Sansaria ,&nbsp;Krishanu Dey Das ,&nbsp;Alwin Poulose","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Golgi body is a critical organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for processing and modifying proteins and lipids. Under certain conditions, such as stress, disease, or ageing, the Golgi structure alters. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that regulate Golgi dispersion has significant research contributions to identifying disease. However, there is a lack of tools to quantify the Golgi dispersion datasets. In this paper, we aim to automate the process of quantification of Golgi dispersion and use extracted features to classify dispersed Golgi images from undispersed Golgi images using machine learning models. First, we collected confocal microscopy images of transiently transfected HeLa cells expressing Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT)- green fluorescent protein (GFP) to quantify Golgi dispersal and classification. For the quantification, we introduced automated image processing and segmentation by applying mean and Gaussian filters. Then we used Otsu thresholding on preprocessed images and watershed segmentation to refine the segmentation of dispersed Golgi particles. In the case of classification, we extracted features from the Golgi dispersal images and classified them into empty vector (EV) versus CARP1 ring mutant (CARP1 RM) and empty vector (EV) versus CARP1 wildtype (CARP1 WT) classes. Our approach used machine-learning models, including logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, Naive Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and gradient boosting for dispersed Golgi image classification. The experiment results show that our quantification technique on Golgi dispersal images reached 65% classification accuracy when the system uses a gradient boosting classifier for EV vs. CARP1 WT classification. Furthermore, our approach achieved 65% classification accuracy using a random forest classifier for EV vs. CARP1 RM classification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41236758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimized protocol for the preparation of blood immune cells for transmission electron microscopy","authors":"Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph ,&nbsp;Samia M. Ltaief ,&nbsp;Wared Nour-Eldine ,&nbsp;Janarthanan Ponraj ,&nbsp;John Agcaoili ,&nbsp;Said Mansour ,&nbsp;Abeer R. Al-Shammari","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique that enables visualization of structural details inside cells. Prior to TEM imaging, biological samples must undergo several preparation steps that are optimized according to the sample type. Currently, there are limited protocols for the preparation of blood samples for TEM imaging. Here, we provide a detailed step-by-step method for preparing blood samples for TEM imaging. This protocol enables robust visualization of the ultrastructures of blood immune cells. In addition, we describe the typical cellular features that can be used to distinguish between different immune cells in the blood, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. This protocol is useful for studying ultrastructural changes in blood immune cells under various physiological and disease conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10420720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sperm structure of the Scraptiidae (Coleoptera; Tenebrionoidea)","authors":"Paulo Henrique Rezende ,&nbsp;David Mercati ,&nbsp;Pietro Lupetti ,&nbsp;Dallai Romano","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sperm ultrastructure of two members of the Scraptiidae <em>Anaspis pulicaria</em> and <em>A. lurida</em> was studied. The results confirm the general organization of the sperm in the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. The sperm bundles at the end of the spermiogenesis show the same peculiar antiparallel distribution at the two opposite poles of the germ cyst, observed in other Tenebrionoidea. The sperm have a bi-layered acrosome, a long cylindrical nucleus with two infoldings at its basal region, two elliptical equal mitochondrial derivatives and two triangular accessory bodies. The flagellar axoneme has the common 9 + 9 + 2 microtubular pattern that at the tail end results disorganized. All these sperm characteristics are quite similar to those found in Pythidae, a closely related family, according to molecular data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41176660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nano-selenium on exosomes secretion associated with sperm maturation within the epididymis","authors":"Chuang Zhou ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Wu ,&nbsp;Nisar Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micron.2023.103545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Selenium is commonly used as a supplement in the poultry diet and plays an important role in male fertility. However, the effect of selenium </span>nanoparticles<span><span> (Se-NPs) on exosome secretion associated with spermatozoa in the epididymis is largely unknown. H&amp;E staining, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence and Western blot<span><span> were performed to study the effect of Se-NPs on exosomes secretion associated with sperm maturation<span> in epididymis. The results indicated that the Se-NPs showed a significant contribution to sperm concentration by light microscopy. It was observed that there was an increase in the spermatozoa concentration in the epididymis of the treated group as compared to the control group. Furthermore, exosome secretion, the expression of tumor susceptibility gene-101 (TSG-101) and cluster of differentiation (CD-63) proteins was identified by immunochemistry, immunofluorescence assay, and western blotting. After nano-selenium treatment, the exosome markers TSG-101 and CD-63 were strong positive </span></span>immunoreactivity and immunosignaling in the lumen followed by epithelial lining of the epididymis. However weak positive immunoreactivity and immunosignaling were seen of TSG-101 and </span></span>CD63<span> in the control group. In addition, highly significant protein expression of TSG-101 and CD63 in the treated group as compared to the control group was confirmed by western blotting. In conclusion, the above findings provide rich evidence about the Se-NPs play a dynamic role in exosome secretion that might be essential for sperm motility and maturation within epididymis.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":18501,"journal":{"name":"Micron","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41146200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}