Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise最新文献

{"title":"Temporal Trends and Projected Daily Step Count from 213,924 Pedometer Data in a Nationally Representative Japanese Population.","authors":"Hiroyuki Kikuchi,Noritoshi Fukushima,Shiho Amagasa,Shigeru Inoue","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003693","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEThis study aimed to describe trends in the daily number of steps taken by the Japanese population from 1995 to 2019, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey Japan (NHNS-J), and to project step counts for 2032, the target year of the Health Japan 21 (HJ21) third term, while assessing the feasibility of national physical activity goals.METHODSWe analyzed individual, pedometer-based daily step count data from 213,924 participants between 1995 and 2019. Age-adjusted average daily step counts were calculated, then linear regression model was used to project daily step counts for 2032, stratified by age (20-64 yr, 65+ yr) and gender.RESULTSThe average number of steps taken by the Japanese population has shown a consistent decline since 2000. The projected daily step counts (95% confidence interval [CI]) for 2032 were as follows: 7499 (6854-8144) steps per day for men 20-64 yr old, 5038 (4091-5985) steps per day for men 65+ yr old, 6073 (5277-6869) steps per day for women 20-64 yr old, and 4620 (3749-5490) steps per day for women 65+ yr old. Significant declines were observed in women 20-64 yr old (beta = -45.8 steps per year, 95% CI = -86.4 to -15.2). The new step count targets set by HJ21 (8000 steps per day for younger adults and 6000 steps per day for older adults) are 6.1% to 26.9% higher than the projected values, particularly for women.CONCLUSIONSDaily step counts in Japan have shown a long-term decline, particularly among women. The projected decline in step counts indicates that the new step targets set by HJ21 may be challenging to achieve, particularly for women. Future public health initiatives should prioritize promoting physical activity in this population.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"12 1","pages":"1763-1768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144630251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Preoperative Exercise Frequency and Surgical Outcomes Following General Anesthesia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.","authors":"Tak Kyu Oh,In-Ae Song","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003817","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSERegular physical activity, including structured exercise, contributes to overall health and enhances resilience to surgical stress. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the frequency of self-reported leisure-time physical activity, including moderate- o high-intensity aerobic exercise and strength training, and surgical outcomes in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.METHODSThis retrospective, population-based cohort study was based on data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Adults who underwent surgery under general anesthesia between January 1 and December 31, 2021 and completed a routine national health screening questionnaire within 1 year prior to surgery were included. The questionnaire assessed the frequency and duration of moderate- and high-intensity physical activity and strength training.RESULTSThe final analysis included 475,582 patients. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that moderate-intensity physical activity performed 3-4 days per week (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61, 0.84; P < 0.001) and 5-7 days per week (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.86; P < 0.001) was significantly associated with decreased 90-day postoperative mortality. Strength training 5-7 days per week was also associated with decreased 90-day mortality (HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.92; P < 0.001). Furthermore, moderate-intensity physical activity 1-4 hours daily was associated with a 21% decrease in 90-day mortality (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.89; P < 0.001). Similar findings were observed for 1-year all-cause mortality and postoperative complications.CONCLUSIONSA higher self-reported frequency of preoperative exercise was associated with reduced postoperative mortality and morbidity. These findings highlight the potential role of habitual physical activity in the improvement of surgical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength, Jump Height, Landing, and Mobility Metrics Predict High and Low Performers of a Fire and Move Assessment: A Machine Learning Approach.","authors":"Ayden McCarthy,Joel Thomas Fuller,Jodie Anne Wills,Steve Cassidy,Mita Lovalekar,Bradley C Nindl,Tim L A Doyle","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003822","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSECombat manoeuvrability is critical for soldier survivability. Military organisations ensure effective combat manoeuvrability through routine assessments. Advanced statistical analyses may improve combat movement efficiency practices. This study grouped physical qualities (e.g., strength, power, mobility) via an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and extracted factors to compare high and low performers and develop predictive models.METHODS34 participants completed two sessions assessing physical qualities and combat movement performance. Participants were classified as either \"high\" or \"low\" performers (i.e., completed 50 laps of the assessment or completed less than 50 laps, respectively). An EFA was conducted to reduce physical quality dataset dimensions into specific factors. T-test and effect size compared factors between high and low performers. Logistic regression, multilayer perceptron, and random forest models were trained and tested to classify performers based on factor values. Feature importance scores determined factors most influential in classifying participants.RESULTSEFA resulted in four factors (81.46% variance explained). Factor 1 represented isometric strength, jumping, and drop landing ability. Factors 2-4 represent isometric strength and rate of force development in the lower and upper body, and overhead squat ability, respectively. All factors significantly differed between groups, with high performers demonstrating higher mean values than low performers (p < 0.05). Factor 1 demonstrated a very large effect size (d = 2.15), while factors 2-4 were moderate-large (d = 0.72-0.81). The logistic regression model had 100% accuracy in the testing phase, while other models achieved 86%. Factor 1 was the most influential factor across models (approximately six times more than other factors).CONCLUSIONSUtilised models show military applicability in classifying high or low performers for combat manoeuvrability. Physical interventions optimising Factor 1 may enhance combat manoeuvrability.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle Growth Is Very Strongly Correlated with Strength Gains after Lower Body Resistance Training: New Insight from Within-Participant Associations.","authors":"Elisa A Marques,Tom G Balshaw,Mark P Funnell,Emmet J McDermott,Sumiaki Maeo,Lewis J James,Jonathan P Folland","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003819","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEQuantitative mechanistic evidence for muscle size and agonist neuromuscular activation explaining the individual strength gains that occur after resistance training (RT) remains opaque and controversial, with non-significant or weak/moderate relationships reported. This study aimed to quantify the within-participant association of strength gains following 15-weeks of RT with muscle growth and the changes in agonist neuromuscular activation.METHODSKnee extension muscle strength (isometric maximum voluntary torque [iMVT] and single repetition maximum [1RM]), MRI-derived quadriceps muscle volume, and normalized (to Mmax) quadriceps surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitude were measured in 39 previously untrained healthy young males, pre and post 15-weeks of lower body RT (3 x per week). Data were analyzed using repeated measures (within-participant) correlations and linear mixed models.RESULTSVery strong repeated measures correlations were found between muscle growth and strength gains (iMVT, r = 0.92 P < .001; 1RM, r = 0.89 P < .001). Changes in sEMG amplitude were moderately correlated with the changes in strength (iMVT, r = 0.58 P < .001; 1 RM, r = 0.56 P < .001). Linear mixed models revealed muscle growth and changes in neuromuscular activation both had significant positive effects on strength gain, but muscle growth contributed >5-fold more than neuromuscular activation (Standardized beta coefficient 0.88-0.94 vs 0.13-017).CONCLUSIONSUsing more powerful within-participant statistical techniques, these results show that muscle growth is, in fact, very strongly, and neuromuscular activation moderately associated with strength gains after RT. These findings suggest that muscle growth is a major adaptation that is highly relevant to the individual increases in strength of young healthy males after RT.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Surveillance in the Peyer's Patches of Mice Following Acute High-Intensity Exercise.","authors":"Youngju Song,Hong Shik Park,Mi-Gi Lee,Dong-Geun Kim,Ju Eun Chong,Kyung-Rok Oh,Hocheol Kim,Hee Kang","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003818","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEThe immune surveillance theory in exercise immunology suggests that exercise redistributes immune cells to peripheral organs, including the gut. High-intensity exercise temporarily increases intestinal permeability, allowing the translocation of gut bacteria. This study investigated changes in phagocytes, T cells, and Th17 cell responses in Peyer's patches (PPs), where access to gut bacteria is facilitated after acute intensive exercise in mice.METHODSMice underwent exhaustive swimming. Serum was obtained 1 h post-exercise. PP was collected 0, 1, and 4 h post-exercise.RESULTSThe exercise group exhibited elevated serum lipopolysaccharide levels compared to controls, indicating increased gut permeability. Alterations in immune cell composition and activation markers in PP were evident at 1 h but not immediately (0 h) post-exercise. The proportions of dendritic cells (CD11c+) and macrophages (F4/80+) increased by 62% and 46%, respectively, while T (CD3+) and B cell (CD19+) proportions remained. Activation marker analysis revealed 48% and 25% higher frequencies of CD86-expressing cells among the CD11c + cells and CD69-expressing cells among the T cells. Enhanced phagocytosis in PP cells was attributed to higher phagocyte proportions, not increased phagocytic capacity. Th17 cells increased by 72%, accompanied by upregulation of Th17-related genes, including IL-17F, IL-22, IL-23, CCL20, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and the immunoregulatory IL-10. T regulatory cell proportions and early inflammatory gene expression, including TNF-α and IL-6, showed no significant changes.CONCLUSIONSAcute exercise activates phagocytes and T cells, triggering Th17 cell response in the PP. These results provide further evidence for the immune surveillance theory, highlighting the role of PPs as a critical site for exercise-induced immune response.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated Heat Stress Modulates the Levels of the Mitokines MOTS-C and FGF21 in Active Men during Calf Muscle Immobilization.","authors":"Rabie Elhusseiny,Mohammed Ihsan,Mariem Labidi,Marine Alhammoud,Khouloud Mtibaa,Nelda Nader,Nada Nasir,Abdulaziz Farooq,Emmanoui Papakostas,Bruno Olory,Flavio Cruz,Pieter D'Hooghe,Sebastien Racinais,Louise Deldicque","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003825","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEHeat stress, like exercise, can elicit beneficial mitochondrial adaptations and attenuate disuse muscle atrophy. The beneficial effects of heat therapy may in part be related to mitokines as they are released by the cells in response to perceived mitochondrial stress. This study thus investigated the effect of repeated heat exposures on mitokine response in the context of immobilization-induced muscle atrophy.METHODSA total of 19 physically active men underwent 4 weeks of supervised training followed by 2 weeks of immobilization of the left ankle, during which they were randomly divided into the heat (n = 9) or the sham (n = 10) treatment group. Muscle thickness by ultrasound, cross sectional area by magnetic resonance imaging, circulating and skeletal muscle mitokine levels, as well as a series of skeletal muscle anabolism and atrophy markers were assessed before and after the 2-week immobilization period.RESULTSWhile immobilization did not induce any effect on mitokine levels, repeated heat treatment upregulated the circulating MOTS-c (p = 0.033) and downregulated the skeletal muscle FGF21 (p = 0.027) levels. Immobilization decreased muscle thickness (p = 0.012, η2 = 0.32) and cross-sectional area (CSA, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.75) of the gastrocnemius medialis.CONCLUSIONSour results indicate that repeated heat stress specifically modulates the levels of the mitokines MOTS-c and FGF21 in a manner that is comparable to, but not identical to, exercise. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore the therapeutic potential of heat stress and mitokines in mitigating muscle loss.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"603 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic Cycling Exercise Training Does Not Improve Impaired Vagal Reactivation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Jeann L Sabino-Carvalho,Sabrina Li,Elsa Mekonnen,Kevin Mammino,Joe R Nocera,Jeanie Park","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003824","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEParasympathetic reactivation is essential for the rapid decrease in heart rate following exercise and delayed heart rate recovery (HRR) post-exercise is linked to poor clinical outcomes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with autonomic dysfunction including reduced parasympathetic activity. Exercise training may improve parasympathetic reactivation. Therefore, this study aimed to test whether CKD patients experience delayed HRR due to impaired vagal reactivation and if 12 weeks of aerobic exercise can improve HRR.METHODSTwenty-seven CKD patients (stages III and IV, eGFR 15-59 mL/min/1.73m2) and 18 age-matched controls underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). HRR was assessed through heart rate decay (HRR60s) and heart rate variability (HRV) during the first 60 seconds of recovery. Recovery kinetics were modeled to calculate the time constant (τ). CKD patients were then randomly assigned to aerobic exercise or non-aerobic stretching interventions for 12 weeks (3 days per week) and CPET was repeated post-intervention.RESULTSCKD patients exhibited significantly blunted HRR60s (ΔHRR60s: -11 ± 4 bpm vs. -17 ± 6 bpm, P = 0.001) and a longer recovery time constant (τ: 142 ± 33 vs. 116 ± 21 s, P = 0.004) compared to controls. HRV indices increased less post-exercise in CKD patients compared to controls (ΔRMSSD: 0.3 ± 1 ms vs. 1.6 ± 1 ms, P = 0.001). 12 weeks of aerobic exercise did not improve HRR60s (ΔHRR60s: pre -12 ± 4 bpm vs. post -12 ± 7 bpm, P = 0.971) or HRV indices (all P > 0.108).CONCLUSIONSCKD patients have decreased HRR post-exercise due to impaired cardiac vagal reactivation. 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training did not improve cardiac vagal reactivation. Future studies should explore different exercise modalities and manipulate training variables such as intensity, volume and frequency to assess their potential impact on cardiac vagal reactivation in patients with CKD.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144640009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Talents on Track: Better Future Performance in Youth Track-and-Field Athletes with a Matching Muscle Typology.","authors":"Jonas Vandecauter,Kim Van Vossel,Freek Van de Casteele,Audrey Baguet,Tine Bex,Wim Derave,Eline Lievens","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003820","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSECurrent talent identification programs struggle to successfully identify young track-and-field talents. This study prospectively investigated whether the distribution of slow and fast muscle fibers predicts future performance over up to 12 years.METHODSSince 2010, we included 64 talented youth athletes from selective track-and-field elite sport schools (age = 15.7 ± 1.3 years, range 12 to 18 years). Their muscle typology was noninvasively estimated in the gastrocnemius muscle using 3 T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the fast-twitch metabolite carnosine. Youth athletes' muscle typology was compared to a discipline-specific elite athlete benchmark cohort (n = 87, ≥1050 IAAF points). Youth athletes were classified as matches if their muscle typology was within the range (mean ± 1SD) of the elite athletes for their discipline, otherwise classified as mismatches.RESULTSFollow-up was on average 5.0 ± 3.6 years after the scan. The matching athletes achieved a significantly higher IAAF-score (987 ± 110 vs 915 ± 93 points, p = 0.011) compared to mismatching athletes, indicating better future performance if muscle typology at youth level matched with muscle typology of the elite benchmark competing in the same discipline. Of all matching athletes, 19% achieved an all-time best score above 1100 IAAF points, i.e. reaching international standards, compared to none with a mismatching muscle typology (p = 0.029).CONCLUSIONSThis prospective study shows for the first time that youth track-and-field athletes who train for a discipline that is deemed optimal based on their muscle typology, will attain a better performance at senior level, opening perspectives for talent identification.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144630343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caffeine Habituation, not CYP1A2 Genotype, Modulates the Acute Effect of Caffeine on Exercise-Induced Hemostatic Responses in Adults with Obesity.","authors":"Heidar Sajedi,Elif Aydin,Ozlem Keskin,Sertac Ercis,Selahattin Akpınar,Davar Khodadadi","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003816","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEThis study aimed to investigate how genotype and caffeine habituation influence the acute effects of caffeine ingestion on exercise-induced hemostatic responses in individuals with obesity.METHODSUsing a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, 40 physically inactive young men with obesity (age, 22.2 ± 2.3 years; BMI, 34.1 ± 2.7 kg/m2) completed two moderate-to-high-intensity concurrent exercise sessions following ingestion of caffeine (3 mg/kg) or placebo. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after exercise, and after 60 minutes of recovery. Statistical analysis was performed by repeated measures MANOVA.RESULTSAcute exercise increased platelet count and aggregation, fibrinogen, F1 + 2, tPA antigen, D-dimer, and clot lysis time, regardless of genotype or caffeine habituation status (P < 0.05). PAI-1 antigen remained unchanged after exercise (P > 0.05) but decreased following recovery (P < 0.01). Caffeine resulted in a greater increase in platelet aggregation, fibrinogen, F1 + 2, and clot lysis time, alongside a blunted increase in tPA antigen levels post-exercise in naïve consumers (P < 0.05). In contrast, habitual caffeine consumers exhibited a mitigated increase in clot lysis time and a greater post-recovery reduction in PAI-1 antigen following caffeine ingestion (P < 0.001). Caffeine's impact on hemostatic responses to exercise was unaffected by genotype (P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSModerate-to-high-intensity concurrent exercise induces a transient prothrombotic state in physically inactive individuals with obesity. Acute caffeine supplementation at a moderate dose modulates the hemostatic responses depending on caffeine habituation status rather than CYP1A2 genotype: it exacerbates the prothrombotic response in naïve consumers but attenuates it in habitual consumers.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"693 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144603673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Determinants of Leisure-Time Physical Activity in the Taiwanese Population: A Genome-Wide Association Study.","authors":"Lung-An Hsu,Semon Wu,Ngoc Yen Tran,Hsin-Hua Chou,Yu-Lin Ko","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000003815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000003815","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPhysical inactivity contributes to systemic disease burden and premature mortality worldwide. Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) improves health outcomes; however, its genetic determinants, particularly in Asian populations, remain unclear. This study aimed to identify genetic loci associated with LTPA in the Taiwanese population.METHODSWe conducted genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in 122,258 Taiwan Biobank participants. LTPA was assessed both as a binary trait (regular exerciser vs. non-exerciser) and an ordinal trait (categorized by MET-hours/week into low, moderate, and high PA levels). Logistic and ordinal logistic regression models were used under an additive genetic model, adjusting for age, age2, sex, BMI, smoking, and the first 10 genetic principal components. Candidate nonsynonymous mutations were further examined in 1,494 whole-genome sequenced participants.RESULTSBinary trait GWAS identified genome-wide significant (GWS) loci at ATXN2 (12q24.12), FTO (16q12.2), and NOTCH4 (6p21.32), with associations for FTO and NOTCH4 only observed in BMI-adjusted models. Ordinal trait analysis (MET-hours/week <10, 10-<20, ≥20) identified a single GWS locus at BRAP (12q24.12). Fine-mapping of 12q24.12 revealed multiple GWS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with lead variants; these signals largely disappeared after conditional analysis, consistent with a single underlying association. Whole-genome sequencing and LD analysis identified three GWS nonsynonymous mutations, with ALDH2 rs671 emerging as the most likely causal variant.CONCLUSIONSATXN2-ALDH2 region on chromosome 12q24.12 was identified as a key locus for LTPA in Taiwanese individuals. These findings enhance our understanding of the genetic basis of physical activity and may inform future precision medicine and public health strategies.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144603422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}