Medicine, Science and the Law最新文献_第4页

Reassessing the forensic validity of post-mortem interval estimation using non-decomposed vital dental pulp. 利用未腐烂的重要牙髓重新评估死亡间隔估计的法医有效性。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-08-10 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261477176

Pulagura Siva Sai Kumar, Meena Suresh Kumar, Anupriya S Nair, Rahul Panwar

引用次数: 0

Torture survivors in Syria: Mental health care as a human right and an essential component of rehabilitation and recovery. 叙利亚的酷刑幸存者：精神保健作为一项人权和康复的重要组成部分。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-08-08 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261477189

Kateřina Duchoňová, S M Yasir Arafat

引用次数: 0

Autopsied foreign national deaths in Edirne, Türkiye. 土耳其埃迪尔内的外国人死亡尸体解剖。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-08-08 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261477942

Hasan Budak, Bekir Karaman

{"title":"Autopsied foreign national deaths in Edirne, Türkiye.","authors":"Hasan Budak, Bekir Karaman","doi":"10.1177/00258024261477942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261477942","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the demographic, epidemiological, and forensic characteristics of foreign nationals autopsied between 2020 and 2024 in Edirne, Türkiye.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on 917 autopsy cases from January 2020 to December 2024. Among these, 88 cases involving foreign nationals were analyzed. Variables included age, sex, reason for presence in Edirne, year and month of death, nationality, place of death, cause of death, and origin of death. Descriptive statistical analyses were applied.ResultsAmong the foreign nationals, 92% were male, with a mean age of 34.3 years, and the highest rate was observed in the 21-30 age group (42%). The most common reasons for being in Edirne were being a refugee (61.4%), a worker (14.8%), and a truck driver (13.6%). The number of foreign national autopsies peaked in 2021 and declined in later years. The leading causes of death were drowning (34.1%), traffic accidents (13.6%), and myocardial infarction (10.2%). Drowning cases showed a decreasing trend. Deaths most frequently occurred in rivers (37.5%), rural areas (14.8%), and highways (13.6%).ConclusionForeign national deaths in Edirne appear to be associated with migration routes, international transportation, and tourism-related mobility. Refugees remain at risk of preventable causes of death throughout their journeys. Improving conditions and safety at border crossings, reinforcing occupational safety, and enhancing health screenings for professional drivers may help reduce mortality. These deaths should be addressed not only for forensic evaluation but also within a public health and human rights framework.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261477942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Should medical experts seek feedback from the subjects of their reports? 医学专家应该从他们的报告对象那里寻求反馈吗？

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261471770

Keith Rix, Gwen Adshead

引用次数: 0

Socioeconomic position and adverse childhood conditions in child physical abuse. 儿童身体虐待的社会经济地位和不利的童年条件。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261469514

Daniella Justesen, Liselott Slot, Jytte Banner, Carl Johan Wingren

{"title":"Socioeconomic position and adverse childhood conditions in child physical abuse.","authors":"Daniella Justesen, Liselott Slot, Jytte Banner, Carl Johan Wingren","doi":"10.1177/00258024261469514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261469514","url":null,"abstract":"Child physical abuse (CPA) is a serious public health concern with lifelong adverse consequences. Socioeconomic position (SEP) is a well-established determinant of adverse exposures. However, evidence of its role as a risk factor for CPA and its interaction with other risk factors remains limited. This study aimed to identify the effect of SEP on CPA and how SEP might condition other risk factors, comparing police-reported and forensically examined children with the background population in Denmark. We extracted register-based data on 356 children who underwent forensic examinations in Copenhagen between 2020 and 2023. A register-based control group was established, including all children in Denmark aged 4-14 years as of January 1, 2022 (N = 697,550). Logistic regression models were applied to model the odds of CPA as a function of SEP with child- and family characteristics. We observed that children living in families with low SEP had higher odds of being exposed to CPA (OR: 6.16; CI: 4.51-8.41), especially younger children aged 4-7 years (OR: 3.66; CI: 2.91-4.56), children with immigrant parents (OR: 8.83; CI: 6.12-12.73), and children living in single-parents families (OR: 2.90; CI: 2.29-3.67). No changes in odds were observed with the child's sex or maternal age at the child's birth. In conclusion, the odds of exposure to CPA were increased with low SEP, younger age (4-7 years), parental origin outside Denmark, and growing up in single-parent families. In contrast, the child's sex and the mother's age at the child's birth were not significantly associated with abuse.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261469514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When care and harm coexist: Challenges in forensic classification of prolonged fatal starvation. 当关怀与伤害并存：长期致命饥饿法医分类的挑战。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261471836

Rebecca Ck Ward

{"title":"When care and harm coexist: Challenges in forensic classification of prolonged fatal starvation.","authors":"Rebecca Ck Ward","doi":"10.1177/00258024261471836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261471836","url":null,"abstract":"Deaths involving prolonged starvation and immobility are commonly interpreted through frameworks of neglect, restraint, abuse or medical failure. This paper re-examines a published forensic case involving a 47-year-old woman who died following prolonged inanition, immobility and repeated non-lethal trauma. Autopsy findings included extreme cachexia, fixed joint ankylosis, circumferential lower limb ulcers, bilateral rib fractures in different stages of healing and marked organ atrophy in the absence of disease or toxicological explanation. The reported history of recent independent ambulation and feeding was incompatible with the degree of musculoskeletal degeneration and physiological decline. The case, therefore, demonstrates the evidentiary value of physiological contradiction in reconstructing timelines of deterioration. Building on existing forensic approaches to starvation, restraint, abuse and neglect, this paper identifies a narrower classification problem: how to interpret deaths in which deterioration, dependency, survivable trauma, possible localised intervention and harm coexist within the same clinical trajectory. The analysis argues that binary distinctions between care and neglect may obscure cases where limited or selective intervention occurs alongside sustained deprivation. A trauma-informed forensic approach is proposed, not as a therapeutic framework, but as an evidence-led method for interpreting dependency, impaired resistance, delayed help-seeking, caregiver accounts and physiological contradiction without treating silence, immobility or survival as evidence of consent, passivity or adequate care.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261471836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment to "Post-mortem computed tomography findings of spinal column injuries in comparison to autopsy: A systematic review"-The importance of reporting autopsy methodology. 对“脊柱损伤的死后计算机断层扫描结果与尸检的比较：系统回顾”的评论——报告尸检方法的重要性。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261471786

Carl Johan Wingren

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of female children and adolescents murdered in Türkiye between 2010 and 2024. 2010年至2024年期间在乌克兰被谋杀的女童和青少年的评估。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261471840

Erdem Hösükler

{"title":"Evaluation of female children and adolescents murdered in Türkiye between 2010 and 2024.","authors":"Erdem Hösükler","doi":"10.1177/00258024261471840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261471840","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the demographic and criminological characteristics of femicide cases involving girls under the age of 18 in Türkiye. Data were obtained from publicly available sources, including 'https://kadincinayetlerinidurduracagiz.net/', 'https://anitsayac.com' and national and local media reports. Cases of girls and adolescents under 18 who were killed between 2010 and 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Categorical variables are presented as frequencies and percentages. A total of 254 victims were identified over the 15-year period. The mean age was 11.72 ± 5.27 years, and 5.5% (n = 14) were married. The vast majority of perpetrators were male (n = 240, 94.5%). Fathers (n = 96, 37.8%) and strangers (n = 36, 14.2%) were the most frequent perpetrators. Most victims were killed at home (n = 199, 78.3%), and more than half (53.1%) were killed with a firearm. The leading motives included rape (n = 23, 9.1%) and preventing the child from being left alone (n = 23, 9.1%). The findings highlight that firearms were the most common method of killing, and that intrafamilial femicide - particularly by fathers - represents a major risk for girls in Türkiye. Urgent measures are needed to strengthen firearm regulations and to enhance child protection mechanisms against family-based violence. Further research is warranted to inform prevention strategies targeting the killing of girls and adolescents.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261471840"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Legal liabilities of forensic medicine practitioners: International perspectives with considerations from Saudi Arabia. 法医从业者的法律责任：国际视角与沙特阿拉伯的考虑。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261469518

Dalia Mohammed Alsaif, Magdy Abdelazim Kharoshah, Aobay Abdulmohsin Alkhunaizi, Raneen Nasser Abu Shanab, Fatimah Mubarak Almubarak, Mamdouh Kamal Zaki

{"title":"Legal liabilities of forensic medicine practitioners: International perspectives with considerations from Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Dalia Mohammed Alsaif, Magdy Abdelazim Kharoshah, Aobay Abdulmohsin Alkhunaizi, Raneen Nasser Abu Shanab, Fatimah Mubarak Almubarak, Mamdouh Kamal Zaki","doi":"10.1177/00258024261469518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261469518","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic medical practitioners serve as the vital link between healthcare and the legal system, utilizing scientific medical knowledge to ensure justice. This close link places them at risk of legal liability, even in the absence of a traditional therapeutic doctor-patient relationship. In this paper, different legal liabilities faced by forensic examiners are exposed, ranging from breaches of confidentiality, lack of accurate reporting, and the issues of subjectivity of expert opinion. In order to demonstrate how diverse jurisdictions achieve a balance between practitioner protection and accountability, various international immunity frameworks are discussed, including the USA (quasi-judicial, witness, and qualified immunity), Europe (state responsibility), and Australia (specialized insurance frameworks). The study then shifts to the Saudi Arabian setting, evaluating recent legal changes, including the 2021 Law of Evidence, as well as the \"injury\" dilemma under the Law of Practicing Healthcare Professions. Despite the absence of documented lawsuits against forensic examiners in Saudi Arabia, this paper argues that such absence reflects procedural barriers rather than substantive immunity, creating a false sense of security. After identifying systemic vulnerabilities, authors suggested a comprehensive reform plan by forming a national forensic medicine committee to standardize protocols, developing a specialized insurance policy, mandate legal liability training integrated into the Saudi Board of Forensic Medicine curriculum, and promote a defensible practice culture. The study finds that proactive reform is necessary not only to safeguard practitioners but also to improve public confidence in the Saudi legal system and the integrity of forensic evidence.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261469518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148471427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reform of criminal laws in India: Potential impact on the criminal justice system and forensic investigation. 印度刑法改革：对刑事司法制度和法医调查的潜在影响。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261465987

Nandini Chitara, Rakesh Meena, Ankita Guleria, Damini Siwan, Akansha Rana, Ayushi Srivastava, Priyanka Chitara, Tej Kaur, Kewal Krishan

{"title":"Reform of criminal laws in India: Potential impact on the criminal justice system and forensic investigation.","authors":"Nandini Chitara, Rakesh Meena, Ankita Guleria, Damini Siwan, Akansha Rana, Ayushi Srivastava, Priyanka Chitara, Tej Kaur, Kewal Krishan","doi":"10.1177/00258024261465987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261465987","url":null,"abstract":"Although India gained independence in 1947, its laws, namely the Indian Penal Code (IPC) of 1860, the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) of 1973 and the Indian Evidence Act (IEA) of 1872, were still in use. These criminal laws were primarily inherited from the statutes that were established during the colonial period. These laws were framed according to the crimes and legal needs of that time. Moreover, the 21st century is an era of artificial intelligence, thus the emergence of digital/cybercrimes. Therefore, many of these laws become outdated and ineffective in addressing and solving the contemporary challenges and crimes. Consequently, there was an immediate need to reform the criminal laws in India to address the contemporary challenges and social values that can stand with technological advancements. Addressing these issues in the Indian justice system, the Government of India implemented the three new laws on 1st July 2024, namely the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (replaces the IPC); the Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita (replaces the CrPC) and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (replaces the IEA). The primary aim of these laws is to modernize and streamline the Indian criminal justice system with scientific, forensic and technological advancements and align with the laws of developed countries. The communication explores the objective, application and associated potential challenges of these new laws. It also seeks to explore the provisions of the new laws to find out their possible impact on the Criminal Justice System of India.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261465987"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0