Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz最新文献

{"title":"Endocytosis in anaerobic parasitic protists.","authors":"Marlene Benchimol, Wanderley de Souza","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240058","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incorporation of different molecules by eukaryotic cells occurs through endocytosis, which is critical to the cell's survival and ability to reproduce. Although this process has been studied in greater detail in mammalian and yeast cells, several groups working with pathogenic protists have made relevant contributions. This review analysed the most relevant data on the endocytic process in anaerobic protists (Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Tritrichomonas foetus). Many protozoa can exert endocytic activity across their entire surface and do so with great intensity, as with E. histolytica. The available data on the endocytic pathway and the participation of PI-3 kinase, Rab, and Rho molecular complexes is reviewed from a historical perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e240058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11285859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytopathic effects in Mimivirus infection: understanding the kinetics of virus-cell interaction.","authors":"Gabriel Henrique Pereira Nunes, Juliana Dos Santos Oliveira, Victor Alejandro Essus, Allan J Guimarães, Bruno Pontes, Juliana Reis Cortines","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230186","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760230186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Giant viruses have brought new insights into different aspects of virus-cell interactions. The resulting cytopathic effects from these interactions are one of the main aspects of infection assessment in a laboratory routine, mainly reflecting on the morphological features of an infected cell.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this work, we follow the entire kinetics of the cytopathic effect in cells infected by viruses of the Mimiviridae family, spatiotemporally quantifying typical features such as cell roundness, loss of motility, decrease in cell area and cell lysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Infections by Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus (APMV), Tupanvirus (TPV) and M4 were carried out at multiplicity of infection (MOI) 1 and MOI 10 in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Monitoring of infections was carried out using time lapse microscopy for up to 72 hours. The images were analyzed using ImageJ software.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The data obtained indicate that APMV is the slowest virus in inducing the cytopathic effects of rounding, decrease in cell area, mobility and cell lysis. However, it is the only virus whose MOI increase accelerates the lysis process of infected cells. In turn, TPV and M4 rapidly induce morphological and behavioral changes.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that mimiviruses induce different temporal responses within the host cell and that it is possible to use these kinetic data to facilitate the understanding of infection by these viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e230186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11285858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing proteases and enzymes of the trypanothione system in subpopulations of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis Thor strain during macrophage infection.","authors":"Barbara Cristina de Albuquerque-Melo, Bernardo Acácio Santini Pereira, Vítor Ennes-Vidal, Maria Eduarda Pinto Gonçalves, Luzia Monteiro de Castro Côrtes, Léa Cysne-Finkelstein, Herbert Leonel de Matos Guedes, Geovane Dias-Lopes, Carlos Roberto Alves","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240038","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis Thor strain exhibits a heterogeneous composition comprised of subpopulations with varying levels of infectivity. Clonal subpopulations were previously obtained from the strain Thor by sorting single-parasites and proceeding cultivation. The subpopulations used in this study are named Thor03, Thor 10 and Thor22.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Phenotypic characteristics of the parasite, specially focusing on virulence factors and resistance to the antimicrobial mechanisms of macrophages, were investigate in these subpopulations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cellular and molecular biology, as well as biochemistry approaches were applied to obtain the data analysed in this study.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Relative quantification of gene expression was measured for calpain, cysteine protease B (CPB), and subtilisin proteases but no significant differences in these genes' expression among subpopulations was observed. However, subtilisin and CPB proteins were assessed as more abundant in Thor03 by fluorescence-labelled flow cytometry technique. Western Blotting assays, as semi-quantitative analysis in gel, showed higher concentrations of subtilisin (110 to 50 kDa) and CPB (40 to 18 kDa) in extract of intracellular amastigotes from subpopulations Thor03 and Thor10 and calpain (60 to 25 kDa) showed no significant differences among subpopulations. Complementary, higher trypanothione reductase activity was observed in Thor10 intracellular amastigotes and assays of susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide-inducing agents and nitric oxide donors conducted with promastigotes revealed greater resistance to in vitro oxidative stress induction for Thor10, followed by Thor03.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>The data obtained for the virulence factors explored here suggest how multiple coexisting phenotypic-distinct subpopulations may contribute in adaptability of a single L. (V.) braziliensis strain during infection in the host cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e240038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterisation of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in northeast Brazil.","authors":"Gustavo Henrique Corrêa Soares, Gustavo Rolim Barbosa, Ana Jessica Sousa Coelho, Giovanna Bedin Caetano, Conceição de Maria Pedrozo E Silva de Azevedo, Adriano Cappellazzo Coelho, Mayara Ingrid Souza Lima, Beatriz Simonsen Stolf","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240026","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Brazil, Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is a widely distributed protozoan parasite. The human leishmaniasis caused by this species is often associated with visceral form. Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) cases due to L. (L.) infantum in the country are considered rare but may be underestimated. Although probably uncommon, these cases represent a new challenge to the prevention and control of leishmaniasis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Here, we describe two distinct cases of TL with atypical clinical presentations caused by L. (L.) infantum.</p><p><strong>Methods and findings: </strong>Parasites were isolated from cutaneous lesions of the two patients and typed as L. (L.) infantum after sequencing of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer. The dermotropic L. (L.) infantum isolates were compared in terms of growth culture patterns, metacyclogenesis and in vitro infectivity in macrophages.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>This study addresses the emergence of L. (L.) infantum as a causative agent of cutaneous disease in a visceral leishmaniasis hotspot located in northeast Brazil. The data presented provides novel information about the presence of dermotropic L. (L.) infantum in the country and demonstrates the infectivity potential of theses isolates.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e240026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug screening and development cascade for Chagas disease: an update of in vitro and in vivo experimental models.","authors":"Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro, Policarpo Ademar Sales-Junior, Valeria Rêgo Alves Pereira, Marcos André Vannier-Santos, Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta, Andrea Silvestre de Sousa, Luiz Henrique Conde Sangenis, Alejandro Marcel Hasslocher Moreno, Núbia Boechat, Frederico Silva Castelo Branco, Fabíola Barbieri Holetz, Andrea Rodrigues Ávila, Mirian Claudia de Souza Pereira","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240057","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chagas disease is a tropical neglected disease that affects millions of people worldwide, still demanding a more effective and safer therapy, especially in its chronic phase which lacks a treatment that promotes substantial parasitological cure. The technical note of Romanha and collaborators published in 2010 aimed establish a guideline with the set of minimum criteria and decision gates for the development of new agents against Trypanosoma cruzi with the focus on developing new antichagasic drugs. In this sense, the present review aims to update this technical note, bringing the state of the art and new advances on this topic in recent years.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e240057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldwide distribution, symptoms and diagnosis of the coinfections between malaria and arboviral diseases: a systematic review.","authors":"Marcelo Cerilo-Filho, Marcelo de L Arouca, Estela Dos S Medeiros, Myrela Cs de Jesus, Marrara P Sampaio, Nathália F Reis, José Rs Silva, Andréa Rs Baptista, Luciane M Storti-Melo, Ricardo Ld Machado","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240015","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coinfection between malaria (ML) and arboviral diseases represents a major global public health problem, particularly in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite its relevance, this topic is still insufficiently discussed in the current literature. Here, we aimed to investigate the worldwide distribution, symptoms, and diagnosis during coinfection between ML and arboviral diseases. We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement and assessed the selection and eligibility criteria, created and diagrammed maps, and analysed major symptoms with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using prevalence ratio and effect size, also performing latent class analysis. A total of 85,485 studies were retrieved, of which 56 were included: 57.14% in Asia, 25% in Africa, 14.30% in South America, and 3.56% in Europe. A total of 746 individuals were reported to be coinfected with Plasmodium and arbovirus. Concurrent ML, Dengue (DEN), Chikungunya (CHIK), and Zika (ZIK) patients are more likely to present headache and skin rash. Regarding diagnosis, 58,253 were made, of which 38,176 were positive (ML and at least one arboviral disease). The magnitude of these pathogens' coexistence points out the pressing need for improvements in public health policies towards diagnosis and prevention of both diseases, especially in endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e240015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11197440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141450863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innate immune receptors are differentially expressed in mice during experimental Schistosoma mansoni early infection.","authors":"Janete Cunha Lima, Ramayana Morais de Medeiros Brito, Luanderson Cardoso Pereira, Nathalie de Sena Pereira, Manuela Sales Lima Nascimento, Alan Lane de Melo, Paulo Marcos Matta Guedes","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240013","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of Schistosoma mansoni infection over the immune response and the mechanisms involved in pathogenesis are not yet completely understood.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the expression of innate immune receptors in three distinct mouse lineages (BALB/c, C57BL/6 and Swiss) during experimental S. mansoni infection with LE strain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The parasite burden, intestinal tissue oogram and presence of hepatic granulomas were evaluated at 7- and 12-weeks post infection (wpi). The mRNA expression for innate Toll-like receptors, Nod-like receptors, their adaptor molecules, and cytokines were determined at 2, 7 and 12 wpi in the hepatic tissue by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Swiss mice showed 100% of survival, had lower parasite burden and intestinal eggs, while infected BALB/c and C57BL/6 presented 80% and 90% of survival, respectively, higher parasite burden and intestinal eggs. The three mouse lineages displayed distinct patterns in the expression of innate immune receptors, their adaptor molecules and cytokines, at 2 and 7 wpi.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that the pathogenesis of S. mansoni infection is related to a dynamic early activation of innate immunity receptors and cytokines important for the control of developing worms.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e240013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11182339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk of vector transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi remains high in the State of Paraná.","authors":"João Vitor S Trovo, Michele Martha Weber-Lima, Bianca Prado-Costa, Giullia F Iunklaus, Andrey J Andrade, Thadeu Sobral-Souza, Renata L Muylaert, Larissa M Alvarenga, Max Jean O Toledo","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230226","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760230226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monitoring and analysing the infection rates of the vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, that causes Chagas disease, helps assess the risk of transmission.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A study was carried out on triatomine in the State of Paraná, Brazil, between 2012 and 2021 and a comparison was made with a previous study. This was done to assess the risk of disease transmission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ecological niche models based on climate and landscape variables were developed to predict habitat suitability for the vectors as a proxy for risk of occurrence.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A total of 1,750 specimens of triatomines were recorded, of which six species were identified. The overall infection rate was 22.7%. The areas with the highest risk transmission of T. cruzi are consistent with previous predictions in municipalities. New data shows that climate models are more accurate than landscape models. This is likely because climate suitability was higher in the previous period.</p><p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Regardless of uneven sampling and potential biases, risk remains high due to the wide presence of infected vectors and high environmental suitability for vector species throughout the state and, therefore, improvements in public policies aimed at wide dissemination of knowledge about the disease are recommended to ensure the State remains free of Chagas disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e230226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11164317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz celebrates 115 years of scientific publishing: what it needs to keep moving on….","authors":"Adeilton Alves Brandão, Ana Carolina P Vicente","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240003","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e240003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11135656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leishmania (Sauroleishmania) tarentolae versus pathogenic species: comparative evaluation of protease activity, glycoconjugates, resistance to complement and metabolome composition.","authors":"Filipe Fideles Duarte Andrade, Jéssica Gardone Vitório, Gisele André Baptista Canuto, Fernanda Freire Campos Nunes, Isabela Aurora Rodrigues, Ana Paula Martins Morais Almeida, Frederico Crepaldi Nascimento, Adriana Oliveira Costa, Tamara da Silva Vieira, Ana Carolina Carvalho Silva, Leiliane Coelho André, Célia Maria Ferreira Gontijo, Caroline Junqueira, Juliano Simões de Toledo, Ana Paula Fernandes, Rodrigo Pedro Soares","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230243","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760230243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leishmania tarentolae is a non-pathogenic species found in lizards representing an important model for Leishmania biology. However, several aspects of this Sauroleishmania remain unknown to explain its low level of virulence.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We reported several aspects of L. tarentolae biology including glycoconjugates, proteolytic activities and metabolome composition in comparison to pathogenic species (Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania infantum and Leishmania major).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parasites were cultured for extraction and purification of lipophosphoglycan (LPG), immunofluorescence probing with anti-gp63 and resistance against complement. Parasite extracts were also tested for proteases activity and metabolome composition.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Leishmania tarentolae does not express LPG on its surface. It expresses gp63 at lower levels compared to pathogenic species and, is highly sensitive to complement-mediated lysis. This species also lacks intracellular/extracellular activities of proteolytic enzymes. It has metabolic differences with pathogenic species, exhibiting a lower abundance of metabolites including ABC transporters, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and steroids, TCA cycle, glycine/serine/threonine metabolism, glyoxylate/dicarboxylate metabolism and pentose-phosphate pathways.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>The non-pathogenic phenotype of L. tarentolae is associated with alterations in several biochemical and molecular features. This reinforces the need of comparative studies between pathogenic and non-pathogenic species to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of virulence during host-parasite interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"119 ","pages":"e230243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11111114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}