Medecine et maladies infectieuses最新文献

{"title":"Haemophilus spp., an emerging multidrug-resistant sexually transmitted pathogen","authors":"M. Ducours ,&nbsp;M. Puges ,&nbsp;A. Desclaux ,&nbsp;L. Barthod ,&nbsp;O. Peuchant ,&nbsp;C. Cazanave","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To describe the characteristics of patients with a positive urethral sample for <em>Haemophilus</em> spp.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>We performed a retrospective study from January 2018 to July 2019 at the Bordeaux university hospital (France) of all urethral samples positive for <em>Haemophilus</em> spp.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>Haemophilus</em> spp. was isolated in 10 urethral samples from nine patients. The mean age was 33.8 years. Most patients reported having unprotected sex. <em>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</em> was isolated in nine samples, and <em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> in one sample. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed in five samples; <em>Haemophilus</em> spp. was always resistant to amoxicillin and tetracycline. One patient had persistent symptoms after treatment for a multidrug-resistant <em>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</em> strain.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>Haemophilus</em> spp. is a rare pathogen of urethritis. Its responsibility should be considered in case of persistent symptoms. The emergence of multidrug-resistant <em>Haemophilus</em> spp. is becoming problematic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38076423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implant retention and high rate of treatment failure in hematogenous acute knee and hip prosthetic joint infections","authors":"N. Pansu ,&nbsp;M. Hamoui ,&nbsp;F. Manna ,&nbsp;A. Makinson ,&nbsp;S. Dufour ,&nbsp;D. Morquin ,&nbsp;F. Canovas ,&nbsp;J. Reynes ,&nbsp;V. Le Moing","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Only few studies evaluated hematogenous prosthetic joint infections. We aimed to describe the characteristics of these infections and factors associated with management failure.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We selected hematogenously-acquired infections, defined by the occurrence of infectious symptoms more than a year after implantation among records of patients treated for hip and knee prosthetic joint infections at Montpellier University Hospital between January 2004 and May 2015. Failure was defined by death due to prosthesis-related infection, need for prosthesis removal in case of conservative treatment, or recurrence of infectious signs on a new prosthesis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Forty-seven patients with hematogenous prosthetic joint infection were included (33 knee infections and 14 hip infections). Infectious agents were streptococci (43%), <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (43%), Gram-negative bacilli (13%), and <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> (2%). Thirty-one patients were initially treated with debridement and implant retention and 15 with prosthesis removal (three with one-stage surgery, 10 with two-stage surgery). The median duration of antibiotic therapy was 66.5 days. The overall failure rate was 52% (24/48), 71% (22/31) with implant retention strategy, 13% (2/15) with prosthesis removal, and 63% (12/19) in case of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> infection. Conservative treatment was appropriate (arthrotomy on a well-implanted prosthesis without sinus tract and symptom onset &lt;21 days) in 13/31 patients (42%) with a failure rate still high at 69% (9/13). The only factor associated with failure was conservative surgical treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The high risk of failure of conservative treatment for hematogenous prosthetic joint infections should lead to considering prosthesis replacement as the optimal strategy, particularly with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2019.11.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37466731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Méningite à Capnocytophaga canimorsus","authors":"A. Galles ,&nbsp;E. Monlun ,&nbsp;L. Villeneuve ,&nbsp;S. Poirot-Mazères","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38364958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of acute respiratory tract infections (2006–2015) and influenza (2006–2013) among French armed forces","authors":"G. Gentile ,&nbsp;G. Fréchard ,&nbsp;A. Dia ,&nbsp;A. Buzens ,&nbsp;R. Vives ,&nbsp;M. Jego ,&nbsp;V. Pommier de Santi ,&nbsp;F. Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>We aimed to assess the incidence of respiratory tract infections in military settings between 2006 and 2015.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>We performed a retrospective epidemiological study of the entire military population from 2006 to 2015. Comprehensive data was collected from all medical centers, operational medical units, naval services, and army training hospitals and provided by the epidemiological surveillance of the armies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The annual average population of the study was 331,394 soldiers. For acute respiratory tract infections (2006–2015), 22,818 cases were reported in metropolitan France, 3,211 cases in French overseas territories, 1,595 cases in the French Navy, and 1,318 cases in external military operations for a total of 28,942 cases. For influenza (2006–2013), 934 cases were reported in metropolitan France, 101 cases in French overseas territories, and 23 cases in external operations, for a total of 1,058 cases. The mean incidence rate of acute respiratory tract infections expressed as case number per 1,000 person-years (PY) was 8.7 PY (95% CI [8.6–8.8]) with an exceptional increased incidence rate in 2009 (25.9 PY, 95% CI [25.4–26.4]). The mean incidence rate of influenza was 0.35 PY (95% CI [0.33–0.37]) with a peak incidence rate of 1.9 PY in 2009.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Acute respiratory tract infections are at the forefront of infectious episodes in the French armies. Although not necessarily severe, current prevention measures are not enough to reduce the incidence threshold of these infections and need to be improved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91204177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How should a positive PCR test result for COVID-19 in an asymptomatic individual be interpreted and managed?","authors":"C. Esteve,&nbsp;F.X. Catherine,&nbsp;P. Chavanet,&nbsp;M. Blot,&nbsp;L. Piroth","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38463817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited effectiveness of systematic screening by nasopharyngeal RT-PCR of medicalized nursing home staff after a first case of COVID-19 in a resident","authors":"R. Guery ,&nbsp;C. Delaye ,&nbsp;N. Brule ,&nbsp;V. Nael ,&nbsp;L. Castain ,&nbsp;F. Raffi ,&nbsp;L. De Decker","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37907572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serratia marcescens outbreak in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: A paradoxical risk?","authors":"R. Amarsy ,&nbsp;G.r Pean de Ponfilly ,&nbsp;H.a Benmansour ,&nbsp;H. Jacquier ,&nbsp;E.e Cambau ,&nbsp;B. Mégarbane","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.05.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37970017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 in clinical practice: A narrative synthesis","authors":"M. Le Maréchal ,&nbsp;P. Morand ,&nbsp;O. Epaulard ,&nbsp;B. Némoz","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in the city of Wuhan, China. The disease rapidly spread to the rest of China, to Southern-East Asia, then to Europe, America, and on to the rest of the world. COVID-19 is associated with a betacoronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. The virus penetrates the organism through the respiratory tract, conveyed by contaminated droplets. The main cell receptor targeted is the surface-bound ACE-2. As of the 26th July 2020, 15,200,000 COVID-19 cases and 650,000 deaths were reported worldwide. The mortality rate is estimated between 1.3 and 18.3%. The reproductive rate without any public health intervention is estimated around 4-5.1 in France. Most hospitalized patients for COVID-19 present respiratory symptoms, which in some cases is associated with fever. Up to 86% of admissions to ICU are related to acute respiratory failure. To date, no anti-viral therapy has proven its efficacy considering randomized trials. Only immunomodulatory treatments such as corticosteroids have shown to cause significant improvement in patient outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38446059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pubic osteomyelitis: Epidemiology and factors associated with treatment failure","authors":"A. Becker ,&nbsp;C. Triffault-Fillit ,&nbsp;F. Valour ,&nbsp;L. Boussel ,&nbsp;A. Ruffion ,&nbsp;F. Laurent ,&nbsp;E. Senneville ,&nbsp;C. Chidiac ,&nbsp;T. Ferry","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe the epidemiology of pubic osteomyelitis (PO) and to look for factors associated with treatment failure.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Retrospective study describing PO according to outcome: success or failure of initial management. Factors associated with failure determined by univariate Cox analysis. Kaplan-Meier curve compared between groups by log-rank test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-five patients were included over a 13-year period; 24% of PO had blood-borne infection. Failure (44%) was always observed in chronic postoperative presentations (76%). Fistula (32%) was only observed in postoperative presentations and was significantly associated with failure (HR 5.1; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.011). Other risk factors were pelvic malignant tumor history, abscess, infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, and polymicrobial infection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PO is most often a chronic postoperative polymicrobial infection in patients with comorbidities at high risk of relapse. Studies in larger cohorts could assess the efficacy of more aggressive surgical strategies in patients at high risk of failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76750465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human cystic echinococcosis: Serological diagnosis by indirect hemagglutination test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoelectrophoresis, and immunoblotting in surgically confirmed patients versus cases diagnosed by imaging techniques","authors":"H. Zait,&nbsp;B. Hamrioui","doi":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) diagnosis is based on imaging findings and serology. Serology is the first-line test followed by imaging tests.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A total of 268 serum samples from CE patients were included in this study. The serodiagnosis was made simultaneously by indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting test (IB), and immunoelectrophoresis (IEP).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In serum samples belonging to surgically confirmed CE patients, we observed a percentage of positivity of 83.7% [77.2%–89.0%] and 80.7% [73.9%–86.4%] for IHA and IgG-ELISA, respectively. IgG-IB was associated with a higher positivity rate than IEP with 81.3% [74.6%–86.9%] and 62.0% [54.2%–69.5%], respectively. IHA and ELISA results were analyzed using cut-off generated by receiver operating curves. The best diagnostic performances were achieved by IHA (cut-off ≥<!--> <!-->1/128) and ELISA (&gt;<!--> <!-->1.16 index). Sensitivities reported in patients with suggestive imaging findings and positive <em>Echinococcus</em> IB were 86.2% [78.0%–92.2%], 72.5% [62.8%–80.9%], 49.0% [39.0%–59.1%] for IHA, IgG-ELISA, and IEP, respectively. All tests gave false negative results in the confirmed CE group. Overall, 18.6% of negative results were obtained by IgG-IB test. Cross-reactivities with non-hydatid serum samples were observed in all tests. Only one patient carrying <em>Taenia saginata</em> serum cross-reacted with 8/12 kDa band by IB. We observed specificity at 73% [63.2%–81.4%], 87% [78.8%–92.9%], 99% [94.6%–100.0%], and 99% [94.6%–100.0%] with IHA, IgG-ELISA, IEP, and IgG-IB, respectively. Serology was less sensitive (74%) in lung cysts. Sensitivity was better in liver cysts, especially by IgG-IB (96%).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18464,"journal":{"name":"Medecine et maladies infectieuses","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.medmal.2019.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80068787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}