Medical Principles and Practice最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Neuroactive Steroids on Myelin in Health and Disease.","authors":"Samah Kalakh, Abdeslam Mouihate","doi":"10.1159/000537794","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myelin plays a pivotal role in the efficient transmission of nerve impulses. Disruptions in myelin integrity are associated with numerous neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin is formed by oligodendrocytes. Remyelination refers to the re-formation of the damaged myelin sheath by newly formed oligodendrocytes. Steroids have gained attention for their potential modulatory effects on myelin in both health and disease. Steroids are traditionally associated with endocrine functions, but their local synthesis within the nervous system has generated significant interest. The term \"neuroactive steroids\" refers to steroids that can act on cells of the nervous system. In the healthy state, neuroactive steroids promote myelin formation, maintenance, and repair by enhancing oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation. In pathological conditions, such as demyelination injury, multiple neuroactive steroids have shown promise in promoting remyelination. Understanding the effects of neuroactive steroids on myelin could lead to novel therapeutic approaches for demyelinating diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. This review highlights the potential therapeutic significance of neuroactive steroids in myelin-related health and diseases. We review the synthesis of steroids by neurons and glial cells and discuss the roles of neuroactive steroids on myelin structure and function in health and disease. We emphasize the potential promyelinating effects of the varying levels of neuroactive steroids during different female physiological states such as the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, lactation, and postmenopause.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"198-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139729966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Common Deletion Level in Adipose Tissue Is Not Associated with Obesity but Is Associated with a Structural Change in Triglycerides as Revealed by FTIR Spectroscopy.","authors":"Ayda Yılmaz, Nurten Bahtiyar, Ayça Doğan Mollaoğlu, Kagan Zengin, Halit Eren Taskin, Ayla Karimova, Onur Baykara, Turgut Ulutin, Ilhan Onaran","doi":"10.1159/000535443","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Several studies have shown that mitochondrial metabolism may be disrupted if the rate of the specific 4,977 bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) reaches a threshold. This study aimed to investigate the possible associations between the mtDNA4977 deletion load and obesity-related metabolic abnormalities in the adipose tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included thirty obese individuals, who underwent bariatric surgery, and twelve control subjects. mtDNA4977 deletion, adenine nucleotides, and lactate levels, which show the bioenergetic status were evaluated in visceral adipose tissues. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the structural variations and composition of adipose tissues in the context of deletion load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no differences between the two groups in terms of mtDNA4977 deletion, adenine nucleotides, and lactate levels. The FTIR spectra indicated a few obesity-related alterations in adipose tissues that were not related to the mtDNA deletion load. Also, statistical analysis showed a correlation between the deletion load and a band shift of 1,744 cm-1, which assigns C = O stretching of the carbonyl group of the ester group in triglycerides and other esterified fatty acids, although it is not associated with obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that the mtDNA4977 deletion in visceral adipose tissues of obese individuals do not have a significant impact on the bioenergetic status. However, the increased accumulation of deletion may be associated with a specific change in the ester bond, indicating structural differences in the lipids. These findings shed light on our understanding of the tissue-specific distribution of mtDNA deletions and obesity-related adipose tissue pathogeneses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10896617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138451878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NSUN6 Regulates NM23-H1 Expression in an m5C Manner to Affect Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer.","authors":"Zhansheng Lu, Bo Liu, Demiao Kong, Xiaojiang Zhou, Dengke Pei, Di Liu","doi":"10.1159/000535479","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The expression and regulatory mechanism of NSUN6 in lung cancer are still unclear. Our study explored whether NSUN6 mediates progression of lung cancer by affecting NM23-H1 expression in an m5C-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>qRT-PCR, CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, and Western blot analysis were employed to probe the impact of NSUN6 on lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). RMVar database was utilized to forecast the downstream genes of NSUN6. The mode of interaction between NSUN6 and NM23-H1 was determined by dot blot, luciferase assay, m5C RIP, and cell function assays. The effect of NSUN6 expression on tumor growth was verified in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Expression of NSUN6 was reduced in lung cancer cells, and over-expression of NSUN6 restricted the proliferation of lung cancer cells, migration, and EMT. NSUN6 regulated NM23-H1 expression by modifying the 3'-UTR of NM23-H1 mRNA through m5C and inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and EMT. In vivo experiments also showed that over-expression of NSUN6 inhibited the occurrence of lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NSUN6 regulates NM23-H1 expression in an m5C-dependent manner to affect EMT in lung cancer. Thus, NSUN6 may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10896614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138460840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Citric and Ascorbic Acids as Anti-Biofilm and Anti-Capsular Agents on Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Ingy El-Soudany, Nancy Attia, Rasha Emad, Shahinda Rezk","doi":"10.1159/000537852","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an opportunistic bacterium with multiple virulence factors, including capsule and biofilm, and is known for its high drug resistance. Anti-virulence natural substances have been suggested as novel alternatives to conventional antibiotics. We aimed to evaluate the effect of citric and ascorbic acids as anti-biofilm and anti-capsular agents against multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii clinical isolates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-eight A. baumannii MDR isolates were collected from different clinical sources. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each agent was estimated. Biofilm formation and capsule were investigated phenotypically in the absence and presence of both agents at ½ and ¼ MICs. The presence of 14 adhesive and nonadhesive virulence genes was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phenotypically, all the isolates were biofilm producers and were capsulated. The MIC of citric acid ranged from 1.25 to 2.5 mg/mL, while that of ascorbic acid was 3 mg/mL for all isolates. Both agents showed significant reduction in biofilm and capsular thinning. Ascorbic acid showed a dose-dependent effect in both biofilm reduction and capsule thinning unlike citric acid. Four genes, papG23, sfa1, fyuA, and cvaC, were absent among all isolates, while iutA was present in 100% of isolates. Other genes showed different distributions among the isolates. These virulence genes were not correlated to the anti-biofilm effect of both agents. Ascorbic acid was observed to have a better effect than citric acid. This can provide a clue for a better treatment regimen including ascorbic acid against MDR A. baumannii infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"281-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Educational Status on the Occurrence of Colonic Diverticula: Insights from an Austrian Cohort Study.","authors":"Andreas Völkerer, Sarah Wernly, Georg Semmler, Maria Flamm, Konrad Radzikowski, Leonora Datz, Elmar Aigner, Christian Datz, Bernhard Wernly","doi":"10.1159/000538308","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Education often reflects socioeconomic status. Research indicates that lower socioeconomic status may increase the risk of diverticulosis, and according to data from the USA, diverticular disease is a significant and costly health problem. Our study explores the link between educational level and colonic diverticula occurrence.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>We conducted a cohort study on 5,532 asymptomatic Austrian patients who underwent colonoscopy, categorizing them by education level using the updated Generalized International Standard Classification of Education (GISCED). Logistic regression models, adjusting for age, gender, metabolic syndrome, diet, and activity, were used to determine the association between education and diverticulosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 39% of the patients had low educational status, while 53% had medium, and 8% had high educational status. Colon diverticula were less frequent in patients with medium (OR 0.73) and high (aOR 0.62) educational status. Medium educational level remained associated with lower rates of diverticulosis after adjustment for age and sex (aOR 0.85) and further metabolic syndrome, dietary habits, and physical activity (aOR 0.84). In higher education status, this phenomenon was only seen by trend.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low education correlated with higher colon diverticula risk, while medium education showed lower rates even after adjustments. This trend persisted at higher education levels, highlighting the potential for strategies for cost reduction tailored to socioeconomic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"242-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Methods for Helicobacter pylori.","authors":"Liana Cristina Melo Carneiro Costa, Maria das Graças Carvalho, Ana Cristina La Guárdia Custódio Pereira, Rafael Gonçalves Teixeira Neto, Lívia Carolina Andrade Figueiredo, Melina Barros-Pinheiro","doi":"10.1159/000538349","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helicobacter pylori infection is a significant global health concern. It cannot be diagnosed based solely on the patient's medical history and symptoms, and laboratory and imaging tests are often required to confirm the diagnosis. Both noninvasive and invasive methods are available for diagnosing H. pylori infection, including conventional and advanced detection techniques. It is not uncommon for patients to present with false-negative results due to the use of inadequate investigation methodologies, which prevents the adoption of appropriate clinical management. Thus, an analysis of the literature regarding the methods of diagnosis of H. pylori, with its advantages and disadvantages, is necessary. Publications in specialized scientific journals will undoubtedly contribute to facilitating access by professionals interested in the topic providing greater knowledge and potentially clinically useful guidance. In this review, the authors have sought to analyze and summarize the invasive and noninvasive methods, their applications, limitations, and the conditions that affect the sensitivity of the tests used for diagnosing H. pylori, an essential step for the successful treatment of this infection. It is essential to treat all patients infected with H. pylori. This represents a significant change in the approach, as the treatment was recommended previously only for patients showing symptoms of infection. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods and help raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the latest advances in diagnosing this important bacterium.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"173-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment.","authors":"Fei Feng, Yue Zhao","doi":"10.1159/000539349","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of liver cancer globally, poses a substantial health burden. Influenced by risk factors such as hepatitis B or C virus infections, chronic consumption of alcohol, and metabolic dysfunction, its exact etiology likely involves a complex interplay between viral infection, hepatocyte mutations, and chronic liver diseases like cirrhosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and demographic variables like sex, race, and age. Disease stage significantly impacts the prognosis of HCC. There is significant potential for life-saving and socioeconomic benefits through the implementation of surveillance programs and the introduction of low-cost screening measures for high-risk groups; these screening measures include ultrasound imaging and blood tests. Treatment options for HCC encompass liver resection, transplantation, transarterial chemoembolization, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Despite therapeutic advances, treating advanced HCC remains challenging, emphasizing the need for continued efforts in prevention, early detection, and development of treatments to improve prognosis and long-term survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"414-423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Systematic, Targeted, and Combined Biopsy Using Machine Learning for Prediction of Prostate Cancer Risk: A Multi-Center Study.","authors":"Mostafa A Arafa, Islam Omar, Karim H Farhat, Mona Elshinawy, Farrukh Khan, Faisal A Alkhathami, Alaa Mokhtar, Abdulaziz Althunayan, Danny M Rabah, Abdel-Hameed A Badawy","doi":"10.1159/000540425","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aims of the study were to construct a new prognostic prediction model for detecting prostate cancer (PCa) patients using machine-learning (ML) techniques and to compare those models across systematic and target biopsy detection techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The records of the two main hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed for data on diagnosed PCa from 2019 to 2023. Four ML algorithms were utilized for the prediction and classification of PCa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 528 patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) greater than 3.5 ng/mL who had undergone transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy were evaluated. The total number of confirmed PCa cases was 234. Age, prostate volume, PSA, body mass index (BMI), multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) score, number of regions of interest detected in MRI, and the diameter of the largest size lesion were significantly associated with PCa. Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB) (ML algorithms) accurately predicted PCa. Yet, their performance for classification and prediction of PCa was higher and more accurate for cases detected by targeted and combined biopsy (systematic and targeted together) compared to systematic biopsy alone. F1, the area under the curve (AUC), and the accuracy of XGB and RF models for targeted biopsy and combined biopsy ranged from 0.94 to 0.97 compared to the AUC of systematic biopsy for RF and XGB algorithms, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RF model generated and presented an excellent prediction capability for the risk of PCa detected by targeted and combined biopsy compared to systematic biopsy alone. ML models can prevent missed PCa diagnoses by serving as a screening tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"491-500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 on Lives of Patients Post-Intensive Care Unit Discharge: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Zainab A Jasem, Fahad Manee, Danah M Alqattan, Theresa M Smith","doi":"10.1159/000539781","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) are known for their prolonged and persistent effects on patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the PASC on the quality of life (QOL) of patients, their levels of activity participation, and satisfaction with these levels, in addition to exploring whether the duration of post-intensive care unit (ICU) discharge is associated with the effects of PASC.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 134 patients with COVID-19 discharged from an ICU in Kuwait. Data were collected using two validated questionnaires: the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) and Satisfaction with Daily Occupations. Additionally, demographic information was collected, and 11 categories of related symptoms were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients reported health issues post-ICU discharge. Furthermore, most PASC-related symptoms decreased over time, whereas a few increased. Notably, we observed a negative association between post-discharge duration and overall improvement in level of participation in activities of daily living. However, patients discharged from the ICU for more than 6 months demonstrated higher satisfaction with functional performance and improved QOL. Additionally, patients who received rehabilitation, and were vaccinated were less likely to have poor QOL. No significant sex differences were observed in the WHOQOL-BREF score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PASC adversely affected the daily functioning of patients, especially in leisure, social, and religious aspects. However, these effects lessened over time, with corresponding improvement in QOL. Additionally, patient satisfaction with functional performance increased over time. These findings shed light on the rehabilitation needs of patients with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"452-461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Pre-Operative Total Prostate Specific Antigen and Survivorship of Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review","authors":"C. Okwor, V. Okwor, I. Meka, Andrew Emeka Emedoh, Martin Nweke","doi":"10.1159/000535965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535965","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This review aimed to systematically quantify the association between pre-operative total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) and survivorship of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Data sources for the review included MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, and relevant reference lists. Databases were searched from inception to June, 2022. The study took place between May 2022 and March 2023. We included studies that applied a quantitative approach to examine the interaction between pre-operative PSA and survivorship of PCa. Pre-operative PSA constituted the independent variable, whereas survivorship of prostate cancer as measured by biochemical recurrence and mortality constitute the outcome variable. A risk of bias assessment was conducted with the aid of a mixed-method appraisal tool. We employed meta-analysis to quantify the association of pre-operative PSA with biochemical recurrence and mortality and computed I2 to assess the degree of heterogeneity. Results: We found a positive weak association between pre-operative PSA and biochemical recurrence (HR = 1.074; 95% CI = 1.042 - 1.106). With a median rise in PSA (≥ 2 ng/mL), the likelihood for biochemical recurrence increase by approximately 7.4%. There was statistically a significant association between PSA and mortality (HR = 1.222, CI 0.917 - 1.630). Conclusions: Biochemical recurrence associates with pre-operative PSA in an inconsistent manner. The sole use of pre-operative PSA in estimating post-prostatectomy biochemical recurrence should be discouraged. There is need for a multi-factorial model which employs a prudent combination of the most important and cost-effective biomarkers in predicting post-prostatectomy biochemical recurrence.","PeriodicalId":18455,"journal":{"name":"Medical Principles and Practice","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}