Medicine and Pharmacy Reports最新文献

{"title":"Long-term results of multimodal treatment of the prostate using the Thulium Laser","authors":"Roxana-Andra Coman, D. Leucuța, R. Coman, Carmen Lapusan, D. Stanca, Ioan Coman, N. Al Hajjar","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15386/mpr-2760","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims. To evaluate a novel multimodal treatment (TLP) that integrates the use of a thulium laser, bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and “button-type” bipolar plasma vaporization for the endoscopic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). \u0000Methods. From March 2018 to December 2021, we prospectively evaluated 220 patients with symptomatic BPH who underwent TLP. Patients were assessed based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual urine (PVR). Perioperative and postoperative follow-up data were analyzed. \u0000Results. The mean age at surgery was 66.74 years (SD 8.21). The median prostate size was 80 (IQR 70 - 110). The median operative time was 45 (IQR 35 - 55) minutes and the hospital stay was 2 (IQR 1 - 2) days. Patients were discharged with the urinary catheter in place, which was removed approximately 7 days after surgery when the histopathological result was discussed with the patient. Postoperatively, IPSS, QoL, Qmax and PVR showed a significant improvement starting at 3 months and continued through the postoperative follow-up visits (6- 12-24-36-48-60 months). Urethral stricture and bladder neck contracture occurred in 1 (0.45%) and 2 (0.91%) patients, respectively. Recurrence of BPH occurred in 2 patients (0.91%) who underwent a second procedure. \u0000Conclusions. In conclusion, we report that the multimodal surgical treatment of BPH consisting of combining Thulium laser vaporization, bipolar TURP and plasma vaporization (TLP) represents an efficient and durable therapeutic method for BPH patients with low a complication rate at 5-year follow-up.","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive risk factors associated with non-dipper profile in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension","authors":"V. Manea, D. Leucuța, Călin Pop, Mircea-Ioachim Popescu","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15386/mpr-2749","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims. The non-dipper status represented by blood pressure reduction by less than 10 percent during sleep is present in about 50 percent of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension, a pattern associated with more frequent cardiovascular complications and reserved prognosis. This study analyzed the predictive risk factors associated with the different dipper profiles, especially with the nocturnal pattern, following the mean arterial pressure (MAP), the mean heart rate (MHR), and the mean pulse pressure (MPP) in patients with T2D and hypertension, established by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). \u0000Method. 166 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension were included in a cross-sectional study, and they underwent 24-hour ABPM. We excluded patients with secondary hypertension, acute coronary disease and heart failure, with oncologic or endocrine disease. The simple and multiple linear regression models were performed predicting 24-hour, day and night MAP, MHR, and MPP according to various predictors, using software R version 4.3.1. \u0000Results. There were 80 non-dippers (48.20%), 57 dippers (34.34%), 22 reverse-dippers (13.25%) and seven extreme-dippers (4.21%). A statistically significant association was observed between MAP 24-hour and total cholesterol (TC) (higher TC values were associated with higher MAP /24 h values): adjusted coefficient B of the regression slope: 0.09, 95% confidence interval CI (0.04- 0.15), p=0.003. In the multivariate analysis: adjusted B: 8.64, 95% CI (-14.67- -2.61), p=0.006, beta-blockers reached the threshold of statistical significance in relation to MHR/24 h, their presence decreasing the heart rate. PP/24 hours was associated in the multivariate analysis with age: adjusted B: 0.45, 95% CI (0.05- 0.85), p=0.28; abdominal circumference: 0.26, 95% CI (0.03-0.49), p=0.028, and total cholesterol: 0.1, 95% CI (0.02-0.17), p=0.013. Diabetic nephropathy was statistically significantly associated with PP/24 h: adjusted B: 10.19, 95% CI (1.24- 19.14), p=0.027. \u0000Conclusions. High cholesterol was associated with higher values of MAP and PP. Beta-blocker treatment lowered non-dipper MHR. Age and AC were correlated with increased PP values. These are predictive risk factors associated with the status of non-dippers established by ABPM, and they represent a veritable link to the non-dipper pattern in patients with T2D and hypertension.","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief review on the lessons learned from COVID-19 on drug discovery and research.","authors":"Subodh Kumar, Hansraj Kumar, Joonmoni Lahon, Dibyajyoti Saikia","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2641","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 pandemic has taught many lessons regarding drug discovery and development. This review covers these aspects of drug discovery and research for COVID-19 which might be used as a tool for future. It summarizes the positives such as progresses in antiviral drug discovery, drug repurposing, adaptations of clinical trial and its regulations, as well as the negative points such as the need to develop more collaboration among stakeholders and future directions. It also discusses the benefits and limitations of finding new indications for existing drugs, and the lessons learned regarding rigorous and robust clinical trials, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling, as well as combination therapy. The pandemic has also revealed some gaps regarding global collaboration and coordination, data sharing and transparency and equitable distribution. Finally, the review enumerates the future directions and implications of drug discovery and research for COVID-19 and other infectious diseases such as preparedness and resilience, interdisciplinary and integrative approaches, diversity and inclusion, and personalized and precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"243-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The familiarity of Romanian psychiatrists with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: findings from a web-based survey study.","authors":"Denis Pavăl, Nicoleta Gherghel-Pavăl, Octavia Oana Căpățînă, Ioana Valentina Micluția","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2712","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Psychiatrists are often the first to be consulted in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. Thus, they need to be aware of clinical features, differential diagnoses, and treatment options for this condition. In this study, we aimed to investigate the familiarity of Romanian psychiatrists with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited psychiatrists from Romania and conducted a cross-sectional observational study by using a web-based survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 111 psychiatrists, of whom 47 (42.34%) were specialists, while 64 (57.66%) were trainees. The median length of training for specialists was ten years (interquartile range - IQR 9.5), while for trainees it was 2.5 years (IQR 3). In total, 31 (27.93%) psychiatrists encountered a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, with no significant difference between specialists and trainees. 31 (27.93%) psychiatrists were either unaware of the disorder or only knew its name, while 77 (69.37%) had knowledge of an outline of it. Only 3 (2.7%) psychiatrists had comprehensive knowledge of the disorder. Respondents with a higher awareness level had undergone significantly longer training (p=0.014). Unsurprisingly, having encountered a case significantly influenced awareness levels (p<0.001). There were no significant differences between specialists and trainees regarding specific knowledge about anti-NMDAR encephalitis. However, higher awareness levels and having encountered a case significantly influenced answer accuracy for questions regarding psychiatric presentation and epidemiological features.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study indicates that Romanian psychiatrists have suboptimal knowledge of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, highlighting the need for improved awareness of this disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"313-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic changes following a high-fat diet: effects of <i>Cornus mas</i> and gold nanoparticles phytoreduced with <i>Cornus mas</i> on oxidative stress, inflammation, and histological damage.","authors":"Dalina Diana Zugravu, Stefan Lucian Popa, Andrei-Vasile Pop, Remus Moldovan, Alexandru Flaviu Tăbăran, Luminita David, Simona Valeria Clichici","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2775","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>High fat diet (HFD) can lead to liver injury, through oxidative stress and inflammation. The use of natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties can have a protective potential. We aimed to investigate the effects of <i>Cornus mas</i> (CM) and gold nanoparticles phytoreduced with CM (GNPsCM) on hepatic alterations induced by HFD in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, HFD, HFD +CM and HFD + GNPsCM. The high fat diet was administered for 32 weeks and CM and GNPsCM were administered for 4 weeks after the HFD period. The high fat diet induced oxidative stress in liver, with lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant capacity, inflammation and minimal histological alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of CM and GNPsCM reduced lipid peroxidation produced by HFD and increased antioxidant potential in liver homogenates, while increasing inflammatory markers. Histological alterations were slightly improved by the intervention of compounds, and hyaluronic acid content of the liver without statistical significance as compared to HFD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings support the potential of these treatments in addressing liver oxidative stress, mitigating liver damage induced by a high-fat diet. This investigation sheds light on the oxidative stress dynamics and histological alterations associated with high-fat diet-induced liver injury, contributing to our understanding of potential therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"318-329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extra-digestive manifestations of celiac disease.","authors":"Andrei-Vasile Pop, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Dan L Dumitrascu","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2776","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, presenting with a diverse range of symptoms that extend beyond the gastrointestinal tract. The condition's systemic nature is evidenced by its extra-digestive manifestations, which can affect various organs including the skin, joints, liver, and nervous system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive, retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care center, focusing on adult patients diagnosed with CD who exhibited extra-digestive symptoms. Data were extracted from medical records of patients admitted between January 1, 2010 and June 30, 2024. Variables included demographic information, primary diagnosis, and associated extra-digestive manifestations. Descriptive statistical methods were employed for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 108 patients with CD, the mean age was 43.21 years, with a predominance of females (76.85%). Iron deficiency anemia was the most common extra-digestive manifestation, affecting 20.37% of patients, followed by hypoproteinemia (18.52%) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (14.81%). Co-occurrence analysis revealed frequent combinations of conditions, such as anemia with cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders. Notable associations with neurological conditions like gluten ataxia and peripheral neuropathy were also observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the extensive extra-digestive manifestations of celiac disease, underscoring its systemic impact. The high prevalence of autoimmune conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and rheumatoid polyarthritis among CD patients reflects the need for holistic management strategies. Discrepancies between our findings and existing literature, particularly regarding skin and neurological conditions, emphasize the need for further research to better understand these associations and the long-term effects of a gluten-free diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"249-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of assessing the emotional health status in the management of cancer patients.","authors":"Liliana Policiuc, Cecilia Bica, Diana Gulei, Daniel Corneliu Leucuta, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2770","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>This study explores the impact of emotional health on cancer patients, acknowledging the controversies and lack of high-quality data in the field, particularly for rare cancers and younger patients. It highlights the significant prevalence of depression and anxiety among cancer patients, the inadequacies in addressing mental health during and after treatment, and the inconsistencies in prevalence rates due to varying study methodologies. This study unravels the importance of data regarding mental health status in a clinical dataset to accompany the biological sample to be included in a biobank.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study utilized a questionnaire to evaluate the opinions of cancer patients, clinicians, and researchers regarding the inclusion of mental health data in clinical datasets accompanying biological samples in biobanks. The study involved 120 participants (40 from each group), and the data were analyzed using statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found significant differences in the perceived importance of including mental health information among the three groups. Patients showed a higher tendency (87.9%) to consider mental health questions relevant compared to researchers (72.08%) and clinicians (62.08%). The first four questions regarding emotional well-being received the highest positive responses, particularly from patients (94.3%). The findings underline the importance of addressing the mental health of cancer patients, which is often overlooked. The study emphasizes the necessity for integrating mental health data in biobanks and increasing psychological support for cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are clear differences in how patients, researchers, and clinicians value emotional and psychological aspects. The study underscores the need for better education on modern medical practices and the benefits of comprehensive patient care, including mental health considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"308-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles against selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens.","authors":"Michaela Corina Crisan, Stanca Lucia Pandrea, Luminita Matros, Teodora Mocan, Lucian Mocan","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2750","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2750","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Infections caused by pathogenic bacteria increase patient morbidity and mortality and significantly raise treatment costs. The use of silver nanoparticles as an alternative treatment for &lt;i&gt;S aureus, E coli, MRSA, E faecalis, K pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;P aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; indicates their antibacterial effect and prompts medical research to consider the next generation of antibacterial drugs that could change antibiotic therapy. By combining silver nanoparticles with different classes of antibiotics, the antibacterial effect is evidenced by increased values of the inhibition zone compared to the values obtained for some antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of bacterial infections. This study focuses on comparing the antibacterial activity of antibiotics versus antibiotics combined with silver nanoparticles against various bacteria, by comparing inhibition zones obtained for both. We aim to prove that the size of the inhibition zone for antibiotics combined with silver nanoparticles is greater, thus confirming the improved antibacterial effect.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study we tested the antibacterial activity of solutions of silver nanoparticles alone or in combination with different antibiotics. We used standard bacterial strains, ATCC, both Gram positive bacteria &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; ATCC 29213, &lt;i&gt;Enterococcus faecalis&lt;/i&gt; ATCC 29212, as well as Gram negative bacteria &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; ATCC 25922, &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; ATCC 27853, but also on clinical isolates: a strain MRSA (&lt;i&gt;Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt;) and a PDR strain (pan drug resistant) of &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt;. Bacterial identification was performed using Vitek MS analyzer (bioMerieux). Antibiotic susceptibility determination was performed with VITEK2 COMPACT SYSTEM (bio Merieux, Inc Durham NC) with ready to use VITEK AST cards. The interpretation of the results was done in compliance with EUCAST 2023-2024 standards. Testing was performed for several classes of antibiotics, silver nanoparticle solutions in 2 concentrations (10 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL) and for combinations of antibiotics with silver nanoparticle solutions. The diameter of the inhibition zone (ZOI) for silver nanoparticles, antibiotics and silver nanoparticles combined with antibiotic against each bacterium was expressed in millimeters. The Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method, in accordance with current EUCAST standards, was used to analyze the antibacterial effect of antibiotics, silver nanoparticles, and antibiotics combined with silver nanoparticles at biocompatible doses of 10 and 100 μg/mL. The experiments were conducted in triplicate, and the results were almost identical.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of this study show that the silver nanoparticles displayed antibacterial activity, proven by the appearance of the inhibition zone, in various sizes, for all bacteria studied. The antibiotic classes tested ","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"280-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal changes induced by fixed orthodontic therapy.","authors":"Alina Cristina Rădeanu, Mihai Surpăţeanu, Cristina Maria Munteanu, Ilona Mihaela Liliac, Alexandru Dan Popescu, Elena Cristina Andrei, Ciprian Laurenţiu Pătru","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2725","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2725","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Orthodontic therapy is a complex process involving a series of specialists in the dental field: the oral-maxillo-facial surgeon, the periodontologist, sometimes even the prosthetist, implantologist, or general practitioners. The injuries of the oral mucosa induced by orthodontic therapy include gingival overgrowths, traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa, different degrees of periodontal damage manifested by gingival retraction, alveolar bone resorption.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;From a total of 327 subjects who came to the Dental Clinic in Craiova 74 subjects were selected, who presented with gingival overgrowth associated with fixed orthodontic therapy. Subjects' age ranged from 14 to 56 years and experienced bleeding and gingival discomfort as well as alterations in physiognomic function. None of the patients included in the study have systemic diseases and are not under medical treatment. The clinical and statistical study took place between May 2022 and December 2023. Each patient was given a personal record containing personal data as well as oral and systemic health status. The examination of the periodontal status aimed at the evaluation of the following indices: assessment of oral hygiene using the OHI-S index and the O'Leary plaque index, assessment of superficial periodontal status using the Löe/Silness gingival inflammation index, periodontometry was performed in order to determine the depth of periodontal pockets, the level of gingival insertion, and the McGaw gingival overgrowth index. OHI-S index comprises two elements: the Debris Index and the Calculus Index. The purpose of our study is to present the incidence of cases of gingival overgrowth induced by fixed orthodontic therapy and to highlight how certain irritating factors can exacerbate the symptoms of gingival overgrowth of orthodontic etiology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The majority of patients were female, aged between 30 and 55 years. Most clinically examined patients have presented with Grade II gingival hyperplasia. Factors that have exacerbated the symptoms of orthodontically induced gingival overgrowth include: incorrectly adapted prosthetic restorations, unpolished massive coronal fillings, root remnants, bacterial plaque, and tartar. Clinical examination of the oral cavity revealed the presence of gingival inflammation (localized or generalized), simple or complicated, treated and untreated odontal lesions, and coronal fillings made of light-curing composite material of significant size, being unfinished and unpolished, sometimes with sharp edges directly injuring the adjacent gingival mucosa, marginally incorrectly adapted prosthetic works. In the case of child and adolescent patients, significant amounts of bacterial plaque and tartar buildup were observed. In most of the cases examined, it was observed that the gingival overgrowth had a firm consistency, pinkish-reddish colour and gingival bleeding was evident during probi","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"370-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic challenges in temporomandibular disorders.","authors":"Smaranda Buduru, Oana Almăşan, Daniela Condor, Manuela Tăut, Anca Mesaroş, Manuela Manziuc, Andreea Kui","doi":"10.15386/mpr-2687","DOIUrl":"10.15386/mpr-2687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>This study aimed at evaluating the etiology and treatment challenges of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>160 subjects with TMDs, 38 males (23.8%) and 122 females (76.3%) were studied. A personalized coefficient was designated, which included the resolution of the main symptom, correction of secondary symptoms, patient collaboration (emotional parameter), treatment duration, and cost.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequent cause for consultation was muscle impairment (42.5%), or limitation of mouth opening, followed by joint impairment (23.1%). Muscle pain was noticed, particularly in the masseter (57.5%) and lateral pterygoid muscles (51.9%). Tooth pain or gingival retraction was frequently associated with tooth wear (48.1%) and dental abfraction (31.3%). Remote symptomatology was dominated by otologic symptomatology. Iatrogenic etiology was highest (69.4%), followed by untreated missing teeth (66.9%). Treatment options included muscle relaxation, occlusal balancing (equilibration), kinesitherapy, medication, and swallowing re-education. Most patients benefited from four to seven different types of therapy, which resulted in a higher cost and a longer and more uncomfortable treatment. The primary symptom was relieved in 82.3% of cases, with recurrence occurring in 15.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction is time-consuming, demanding, and intricate. Most patients required four to seven different types of therapy, which increased the expense, treatment duration, and suffering.</p>","PeriodicalId":18438,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Reports","volume":"97 3","pages":"357-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}