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Some drugs can make the prevention of atherosclerosis through physical exercises more efficient
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2025.111574
Bogdan-Alexandru Hagiu
{"title":"Some drugs can make the prevention of atherosclerosis through physical exercises more efficient","authors":"Bogdan-Alexandru Hagiu","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2025.111574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2025.111574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hypothesis is proposed that fibrates, SGLT2 inhibitors and PDE5 inhibitors can have the same effect as metabolic medication (l-arginine and antioxidants) to amplify the action of physical exercises in inhibiting the formation of atheroma plaques. Moreover, the respective drugs could shorten the duration of a training session. The hypothesis can be tested on rats, but the association of some of the listed drugs with physical exercises presents some risks: clofibrate can cause muscular syndrome, dapagliflozin prevents the improvement of insulin sensitivity in obese patients, and sidenafil can affect renal function in patients with heart failure. The good part is that SGLT2 inhibitors increase the exercise capacity of patients with heart failure, dapagliflozin can prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and PDE5 inhibitors can be combined with physical exercises in patients with stable coronary artery disease, heart failure or pulmonary hypertension. All these conditions are associated with atherosclerosis, which is a reason for the implementation of these therapeutic methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 111574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The calcium channel blocker Cav2.1 combined with amyloid beta monoclonal antibodies may reduce the occurrence of ARIA-E
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2025.111576
Dinghao An , Xiaotong Li , Yun Xu
{"title":"The calcium channel blocker Cav2.1 combined with amyloid beta monoclonal antibodies may reduce the occurrence of ARIA-E","authors":"Dinghao An ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Li ,&nbsp;Yun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2025.111576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2025.111576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia and one of the hardest diseases to cure in the world. It is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to cognitive decline and brain damage. The amyloid hypothesis is one of the most convincing hypotheses regarding its underlying mechanism. Before the advent of monoclonal antibodies, intervention measures were very limited. Despite several clinical trial failures, the FDA eventually approved two drugs, Lecanemab and Donanemab. However, in recent years, after the launch of amyloid-targeting monoclonal antibodies, some patients have experienced adverse reactions related to amyloid-associated imaging abnormalities (ARIA), including both cerebral edema-type and cerebral hemorrhage-type ARIA, which significantly impact the overall prognosis of patients. Nimodipine, a calcium channel blocker Cav2.1 with a dihydropyridine ring structure that selectively targets cerebral blood vessels, has shown significant pharmacological benefits. It has also demonstrated neuroprotective effects by crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Robust studies of its therapeutic role in cerebrovascular diseases suggest that its potential application in the treatment of ARIA-E (edema-type of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities) in AD patients may be groundbreaking. Future research needs to assess the efficacy and safety of combining nimodipine amyloid monoclonal antibodies in alleviating the symptoms and reducing the occurrence of ARIA-E in Alzheimer’s disease patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 111576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Female ejaculation enhances reproductive success 女性射精可提高生殖成功率
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111544
Tanya Ramnauth, Tiffany M. Haddock, Steven M. Platek
{"title":"Female ejaculation enhances reproductive success","authors":"Tanya Ramnauth,&nbsp;Tiffany M. Haddock,&nbsp;Steven M. Platek","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on female ejaculation is scant. In recent years, scientists have assayed female ejaculate and discovered that, in addition to urine, an organ called the Skeen’s gland releases prostate-specific antigen (PSA). PSA in male ejaculate serves to fragment semenogelins and dissolve the seminal coagulum, enhancing sperm motility. The incidence of female orgasm is highly variable, with estimates ranging from 95% from self-stimulation to 50% during penile-vaginal intercourse. By contrast, the incidence rate of female ejaculation is even less well-understood and even more variable. Existing research suggests that female orgasm functions to enhance reproductive success by moving sperm in closer proximity to the egg as well as serves as a mate selection mechanism. We hypothesize that increased PSA paired with various substances from female ejaculation further enhances sperm motility and, therefore, conception. In addition to laying out the hypothesis for the possible adaptive function of female ejaculation, we propose several empirical questions derived from the hypothesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unilateral multifidus hypoplasia as a potential cause of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A hypothesis
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111549
Yong Tang, Lei Zhou, Jihong Jiang, Yangsheng Wang, Changwei Chen, Feng Zhu
{"title":"Unilateral multifidus hypoplasia as a potential cause of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A hypothesis","authors":"Yong Tang,&nbsp;Lei Zhou,&nbsp;Jihong Jiang,&nbsp;Yangsheng Wang,&nbsp;Changwei Chen,&nbsp;Feng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity featuring lateral curvature of one or more spine segments with vertebral rotation. It involves coronal, sagittal, and axial plane abnormalities, leading to the spine losing its natural curvature. It is commonly observed in adolescents aged 10 to 17. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of AIS remains complex. This paper proposes a novel hypothesis that unilateral hypoplasia of the multifidus muscle may contribute to the development of AIS. We review existing studies on multifidus muscle dysfunction in AIS and present results supporting our hypothesis. Further research is necessary to validate this hypothesis and explore its implications for the diagnosis and management of AIS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Administration of Slit2 analogs to minimize vascular injuries, inflammation, and kidney involvement in β-thalassemia: A hypothesis
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111547
Egarit Noulsri , Surada Lerdwana
{"title":"Administration of Slit2 analogs to minimize vascular injuries, inflammation, and kidney involvement in β-thalassemia: A hypothesis","authors":"Egarit Noulsri ,&nbsp;Surada Lerdwana","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with β-thalassemia experience various complications, including vascular damage, inflammation, and kidney dysfunction. Although antiplatelet and chelation therapies help reduce these complications, more targeted treatment is needed to enhance therapeutic efficacy and improve patient prognosis. Slit homolog 2 (Slit2) is a secreted extracellular matrix glycoprotein. Upon binding to their cognate roundabout (Robo) receptors expressed on platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells, Slit2-Robo complexes activate multiple downstream signaling pathways. Accumulating evidence suggests that Slit2-Robo signaling inhibits platelet adhesion and spreading. Slit2-Robo signaling decreases leukocyte migration and proinflammatory cytokine release and can be modulated by Slit2 analogs. Therefore, we hypothesized that the administration of Slit2 might help minimize vascular injury, inflammation, and kidney dysfunction-related complications in patients with β-thalassemia. Our proposed idea provides a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of β-thalassemia, and modulation of the Slit2-Robo signaling cascade could serve as an alternative therapy in the future, pending validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Far beyond experiments or myths – Medical Hypotheses is a provocative resource that helps students to think about science with criticism
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111543
José Artur Bogo Chies
{"title":"Far beyond experiments or myths – Medical Hypotheses is a provocative resource that helps students to think about science with criticism","authors":"José Artur Bogo Chies","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111543","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of BIO potency in treatment algorithms: A hypothetical proposal for optimizing biologic therapies in psoriasis with atopic predisposition BIO 效力在治疗算法中的作用：优化特应性银屑病生物疗法的假设方案
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111542
Kazuki Yatsuzuka, Jun Muto
{"title":"The role of BIO potency in treatment algorithms: A hypothetical proposal for optimizing biologic therapies in psoriasis with atopic predisposition","authors":"Kazuki Yatsuzuka,&nbsp;Jun Muto","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hypothetical molecular mechanism of a novel class of bacteriocin-based antivirals for the inhibition of respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111529
Luis Moncayo Molina , José Isidro Yamasqui Padilla , María Erlina Aguaiza Pichazaca , María Fernanda Peralta Cárdenas , Sandra Edith Cando Malla , Ana Lucía Guaman Alvarez , Carla Lossada , José Luis Paz , Ysaías J. Alvarado , Aleivi Pérez , Lenin González-Paz
{"title":"Hypothetical molecular mechanism of a novel class of bacteriocin-based antivirals for the inhibition of respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)","authors":"Luis Moncayo Molina ,&nbsp;José Isidro Yamasqui Padilla ,&nbsp;María Erlina Aguaiza Pichazaca ,&nbsp;María Fernanda Peralta Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Sandra Edith Cando Malla ,&nbsp;Ana Lucía Guaman Alvarez ,&nbsp;Carla Lossada ,&nbsp;José Luis Paz ,&nbsp;Ysaías J. Alvarado ,&nbsp;Aleivi Pérez ,&nbsp;Lenin González-Paz","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a serious pathogen in vulnerable individuals and a major cause of hospitalization and death. With limited access to effective biotherapeutics for RSV treatment, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been explored, including bacteriocins such as labyrinthopeptins (Labys) produced by Actinomadura namibiensis. Labys have demonstrated antiviral activity against RSV and are believed to interact with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the capsid to form pores in the viral membrane. However, a greater understanding of the interaction mechanism of these bacteriocins with phospholipids like PE is needed. Our hypothesis suggests that, due to the structural plasticity of Labys, these peptides can undergo changes in their intrinsic deformability and thus bind stably to PE, mediating subsequent disruption of the lipid envelope as a new therapeutic target. Findings from modeling, classical dynamics, and ENM suggest that some Labys, such as Laby A1, interact favorably and stably with PE, with computationally predictable experimental inhibitory kinetics, and can even interact with more complex membranes rich in PE. Additionally, Laby A1 can undergo allosteric conformational changes based on its interaction with PE, adopting a “toroidal” folded conformation. This conformation is associated with peptide-lipid interactions, where the embedding of the peptide into the membrane, due to its affinity for PE, may lead to the formation of toroidal pores. This could explain the mechanism of RSV inhibition. The results support the need for further research in the development of antivirals against RSV based on Labys-like bacteriocins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electrographic seizures possibly contribute to the epileptogenesis of acquired epilepsy
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111548
Qi Huang
{"title":"Electrographic seizures possibly contribute to the epileptogenesis of acquired epilepsy","authors":"Qi Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acquired epilepsy is a widespread neurological disorder marked by recurrent seizures that typically appear after an initial brain injury (IBI) and a subsequent latent period (LP). The processes underlying epileptogenesis remain debated. There are limitations in the traditional view that solely attributes epileptogenesis to the IBI, as the effects of this injury do not persist through the LP. Recent studies indicate that electrographic seizures (ESs), which occur without visible clinical symptoms, are common among individuals with epilepsy. This finding prompts a reassessment of the relationship between ESs and epileptogenesis. We propose that ESs act as a persistent form of electrical injury that operates throughout the LP, potentially contributing to the development of an epileptic network. Testing of the hypothesis will be conducted using longitudinal intracranial EEG monitoring in a primate model, with computational neuroscience techniques employed to decode EEG pattern and provide insights into this dynamic system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hypothesis: Waterfowl may be important intermediary reservoirs of Naegleria fowleri 假设：水禽可能是福氏奈格里氏菌重要的中间宿主
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Medical hypotheses Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111541
Elise H. Mallon BS, Arnold Brown MD, FIDSA
{"title":"Hypothesis: Waterfowl may be important intermediary reservoirs of Naegleria fowleri","authors":"Elise H. Mallon BS,&nbsp;Arnold Brown MD, FIDSA","doi":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by <em>Naegleria fowleri</em> is a rare, usually fatal disease. It is thought that PAM occurs most often in southern US states because of the warmer surface waters in these states. To better understand the epidemiology of this disease we converted the raw number of cases reported in each state from 1962 to 2022, to an estimate of cases per individual at potential risk. Our relative risk estimates paint a slightly different picture, suggesting that in addition to the temperature of surface waters other epidemiologic factors are also at play, and that there may be an association between waterfowl nesting areas and risk of disease acquisition. We hypothesize that waterfowl serve as reservoirs that maintain the environmental sources of human infection. If this can be shown, control measures can be implemented to reduce the risk of disease acquisition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18425,"journal":{"name":"Medical hypotheses","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 111541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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