Membranes最新文献_第3页

Circular Economy Applied to Sludge Minimization: The STAR Project.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010015

Maria Cristina Collivignarelli, Stefano Bellazzi, Alessandro Abbà

{"title":"Circular Economy Applied to Sludge Minimization: The STAR Project.","authors":"Maria Cristina Collivignarelli, Stefano Bellazzi, Alessandro Abbà","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010015","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010015","url":null,"abstract":"The management of biological sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) poses a significant environmental challenge due to increasing sludge production and the presence of emerging pollutants. This study investigates an innovative solution by integrating a thermophilic aerobic membrane reactor (TAMR) into the sludge treatment line of a medium-size WWTP, aiming to minimize biological sludge output while enhancing resource recovery. The study involved a six-month monitoring of an industrial-scale TAMR system, assessing the reduction in volatile solids (VSs) in thickened sludge and evaluating the compatibility of TAMR residues with conventional activated sludge (CAS) systems. The TAMR unit, which achieved up to a 90% reduction in VSs, was combined with traditional CAS processes, forming the STAR (Sludge Treatment and Advanced Recycling) configuration. This configuration reduced sludge output to just 10% of conventional levels while enabling the recirculation of nutrient-rich liquid effluents. Both batch and continuous respirometric tests demonstrated the biological treatability of TAMR residues, highlighting their potential reuse as external carbon sources and their positive impact on CAS system performance. The findings suggest that integrating mesophilic and thermophilic systems can significantly improve sludge management efficiency, lowering both operating costs and environmental impacts.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Sulfate Removal from Water Using Polymeric Membranes.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010017

Jamal Al Mehrate, Sadek Shaban, Amr Henni

{"title":"A Review of Sulfate Removal from Water Using Polymeric Membranes.","authors":"Jamal Al Mehrate, Sadek Shaban, Amr Henni","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010017","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010017","url":null,"abstract":"Access to clean and reliable water has become a critical concern due to the global water crisis. High sulfate levels in drinking water raise health concerns for humans and animals and can cause serious corrosion in industrial systems. Sulfated waters represent a major challenge on the Canadian prairies, leading to many cattle deaths. While reverse osmosis (RO) membranes effectively remove sulfates, they are costly due to high-pressure requirements. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes present a more affordable alternative, outperforming traditional methods like adsorption, desalination, and ion exchange. Developing low-pressure ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) membranes could also reduce costs. This review explores advancements in polymeric materials and membrane technology to enhance sulfate removal, focusing on methods used to reduce fouling and improve permeate flux. Techniques discussed include phase inversion (PI), thin-film composite (TFC), and thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes. The review also highlights recent fabrication methods for pristine and nanomaterial-enhanced membranes, acknowledging both benefits and limitations. Continued innovations in polymer-based membranes are expected to drive further performance and cost-efficiency improvements. This review found that studies in the literature dealt mainly with sulfate concentrations below 2000 mg/L, indicating a need to address higher concentrations in future studies.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Membranes in Modern Winemaking: From Clarification to Dealcoholization.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010014

Carolina E Demaman Oro, Bruna M Saorin Puton, Luciana D Venquiaruto, Rogério Marcos Dallago, Giordana Demaman Arend, Marcus V Tres

{"title":"The Role of Membranes in Modern Winemaking: From Clarification to Dealcoholization.","authors":"Carolina E Demaman Oro, Bruna M Saorin Puton, Luciana D Venquiaruto, Rogério Marcos Dallago, Giordana Demaman Arend, Marcus V Tres","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010014","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010014","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of membrane technologies in winemaking has revolutionized various stages of production, offering precise and efficient alternatives to traditional methods. Membranes, characterized by their selective permeability, play a pivotal role in enhancing wine quality across multiple processes. In clarification, microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes, such as ceramic or polymeric membranes (e.g., polyethersulfone or PVDF), effectively remove suspended solids and colloids, resulting in a clearer wine without the need for chemical agents. During stabilization, membranes such as nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes, often made from polyamide composite materials, enable the selective removal of proteins, polysaccharides, and microorganisms, thereby improving the wine's stability and extending its shelf life. Additionally, in dealcoholization, membranes like reverse osmosis and pervaporation membranes, typically constructed from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or other specialized polymers, facilitate the selective removal of ethanol while preserving the wine's flavor and aroma profile, addressing the increasing consumer demand for low-alcohol and alcohol-free wines. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the advancements and applications of membrane technologies in winemaking.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Critical Review of the Hydrometallurgy and Pyrometallurgical Recovery Processes of Platinum Group Metals from End-of-Life Fuel Cells.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010013

Sinikiwe A Mvokwe, Opeoluwa O Oyedeji, Mojeed A Agoro, Edson L Meyer, Nicholas Rono

{"title":"A Critical Review of the Hydrometallurgy and Pyrometallurgical Recovery Processes of Platinum Group Metals from End-of-Life Fuel Cells.","authors":"Sinikiwe A Mvokwe, Opeoluwa O Oyedeji, Mojeed A Agoro, Edson L Meyer, Nicholas Rono","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010013","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010013","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the recovery of metals extracted from the spent membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) of fuel cells has attracted significant scientific attention due to its detrimental environmental impacts. Two major approaches, i.e., pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical, have been explored to recover platinum group metals (PMGs) from used proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, the efficacy of these methods has been limited by the low concentrations of the metals and the high costs involved. Essentially, pyrometallurgical processes result in the evolution of harmful gases. Thus, the hydrometallurgical process is preferred as a suitable alternative. In this review, an overview of the application of pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods in the recovery of PGMs is presented. The health risks, benefits, and limitations of these processes are highlighted. Finally, the hurdles faced by, opportunities for, and future directions of these approaches are identified. It is envisaged that this review will shed light on the current status of processes for the recovery of spent PGMs and propel their advancement for effective recycling strategies.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supercapacitor Cell Performance with Bacterial Nanocellulose and Bacterial Nanocellulose/Polybenzimidazole Impregnated Membranes as Separator.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010012

Hristo Penchev, Galia Ivanova, Venelin Hubenov, Ivanka Boyadzieva, Desislava Budurova, Filip Ublekov, Adriana Gigova, Antonia Stoyanova

{"title":"Supercapacitor Cell Performance with Bacterial Nanocellulose and Bacterial Nanocellulose/Polybenzimidazole Impregnated Membranes as Separator.","authors":"Hristo Penchev, Galia Ivanova, Venelin Hubenov, Ivanka Boyadzieva, Desislava Budurova, Filip Ublekov, Adriana Gigova, Antonia Stoyanova","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010012","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010012","url":null,"abstract":"Supercapacitors are advanced energy storage devices renowned for their rapid energy delivery and long operational lifespan, making them indispensable across various industries. Their relevance has grown in recent years due to the adoption of environmentally friendly materials. One such material is bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), produced entirely from microbial sources, offering sustainability and a bioprocess-driven synthesis. In this study, BNC was synthesized using a symbiotic microbial community. After production and purification, pristine BNC membranes, with an average thickness of 80 microns, were impregnated with an alkali-alcohol meta-polybenzimidazole (PBI) solution. This process yielded hybrid BNC/PBI membranes with improved ion-transport properties. The BNC membranes were then doped with a 6 M KOH solution, to enhance OH- conductivity, and characterized using optical microscopy, ATR FT-IR, XRD, CVT, BET analysis, and impedance spectroscopy. Both BNC and BNC/PBI membranes were tested as separators in laboratory-scale symmetric supercapacitor cells, with performance compared to a commercial Viledon® separator. The supercapacitors employing BNC membranes exhibited high specific capacitance and excellent cycling stability, retaining performance over 10,000 charge/discharge cycles. These findings underscore the potential of BNC/KOH membranes for next-generation supercapacitor applications.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical and Sensory Evaluation of Blackberry (Rubus sp.) Juice Concentrated by Reverse Osmosis and Osmotic Evaporation.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010010

Juliana Vilar, Flavia Monteiro, Luiz Corrêa-Filho, Flávia Gomes, Renata Tonon, Daniela Freitas-Sá, Suely Freitas, Lourdes Cabral

{"title":"Chemical and Sensory Evaluation of Blackberry (Rubus sp.) Juice Concentrated by Reverse Osmosis and Osmotic Evaporation.","authors":"Juliana Vilar, Flavia Monteiro, Luiz Corrêa-Filho, Flávia Gomes, Renata Tonon, Daniela Freitas-Sá, Suely Freitas, Lourdes Cabral","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010010","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010010","url":null,"abstract":"Blackberry can be considered a source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties, especially anthocyanins, which are responsible for the attractive color of the juice. However, blackberry juice quality can be reduced under severe heat treatments, resulting in darkened color and altered taste. Membrane separation processes are an alternative for the clarification and concentration of fruit juices, with advantages as the maintenance of the nutritional, sensory, and functional characteristics of the product. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of membrane concentration on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of blackberry juice. The juice was first clarified by an enzymatic treatment associated with microfiltration and then concentrated by reverse osmosis and osmotic evaporation. Samples were analyzed for pH, titratable acidity, soluble and total solids, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and total anthocyanins. The concentrated juices were then reconstituted for sensory evaluation. It was verified that reverse osmosis and osmotic evaporation resulted in juices with total solid concentrations of 29 and 53 g∙100 g-1, respectively, with slight differences in pH and acidity. Some phenolic compounds were lost during processing. The concentration of anthocyanins and the antioxidant capacity of the osmotic evaporation-concentrated juice increased 6.2 and 7.7 times, respectively, compared to the initial juice. Regarding sensory analysis, the juices concentrated by RO and EO presented acceptance percentages (scores between 6 and 9) of 58% and 55%, respectively. Consumers described them as \"good appearance\", \"refreshing\", \"tasty\", \"sweet\", or \"with ideal sweetness\", in agreement with the high acceptance scores (6.2 and 6.9, respectively).","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inertial Memory Effects in Molecular Transport Across Nanoporous Membranes.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010011

Slobodanka Galovic, Milena Čukić, Dalibor Chevizovich

{"title":"Inertial Memory Effects in Molecular Transport Across Nanoporous Membranes.","authors":"Slobodanka Galovic, Milena Čukić, Dalibor Chevizovich","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010011","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010011","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoporous membranes are heterogeneous structures, with heterogeneity manifesting at the microscale. In examining particle transport through such media, it has been observed that this transport deviates from classical diffusion, as described by Fick's second law. Moreover, the classical model is physically unsustainable, as it is non-causal and predicts an infinite speed of concentration perturbation propagation through a substantial medium. In this work, we have derived two causal models as extensions of Fick's second law, where causality is linked to the effects of inertial memory in the nanoporous membrane. The results of the derived models have been compared with each other and with those obtained from the classical model. It has been demonstrated that both causal models, one with exponentially fading inertial memory and the other with power-law fading memory, predict that the concentration perturbation propagates as a damped wave, leading to an increased time required for the cumulative amount of molecules passing through the membrane to reach a steady state compared to the classical model. The power-law fading memory model predicts a longer time required to achieve a stationary state. These findings have significant implications for understanding cell physiology, developing drug delivery systems, and designing nanoporous membranes for various applications.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A STEDable BF₂-Azadipyrromethene Fluorophore for Nuclear Membrane and Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Imaging.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010009

Anaïs C Bourgès, Massimiliano Garre, Dan Wu, Donal F O'Shea

引用次数: 0

Lipid Rafts in Signalling, Diseases, and Infections: What Can Be Learned from Fluorescence Techniques?

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010006

Sara Anselmo, Elisa Bonaccorso, Chiara Gangemi, Giuseppe Sancataldo, Valeria Conti Nibali, Giovanna D'Angelo

{"title":"Lipid Rafts in Signalling, Diseases, and Infections: What Can Be Learned from Fluorescence Techniques?","authors":"Sara Anselmo, Elisa Bonaccorso, Chiara Gangemi, Giuseppe Sancataldo, Valeria Conti Nibali, Giovanna D'Angelo","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010006","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15010006","url":null,"abstract":"Lipid rafts are dynamic microdomains in the membrane, rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids, that are critical for biological processes like cell signalling, membrane trafficking, and protein organization. Their essential role is claimed in both physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections, making them a key area of research. Fluorescence-based approaches, including super-resolution fluorescence microscopy techniques, enable precise analysis of the organization, dynamics, and interactions of these microdomains, thanks also to the innovative design of appropriate fluorescent probes. Moreover, these non-invasive approaches allow for the study of live cells, facilitating the collection of quantitative data under physiologically relevant conditions. This review synthesizes the latest insights into the role of lipid rafts in biological and pathological processes and underscores how fluorescence techniques have advanced our understanding of these critical microdomains. The findings emphasize the pivotal role of lipid rafts in health and disease, providing a foundation for future research and potential therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11766618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework Membranes: Structural Engineering for Separation Applications.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15010008

Yanwei Sun

引用次数: 0