Membranes最新文献

{"title":"Electrodialysis Metathesis for the Production of Potassium Phosphate.","authors":"Shichang Xu, Zhen Zhang, Long Zhang, Lixin Xie, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050136","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Potassium phosphate (K₃PO₄) is a common inorganic compound with broad applications in agriculture and industry. Although the traditional thermal method of preparing K₃PO₄ by reacting phosphoric acid with potassium hydroxide can obtain high-quality products, it consumes a lot of energy and has high costs. This study explores the process of preparing K₃PO₄ by Electrodialysis metathesis (EDM). This process uses sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) and potassium chloride (KCl) as raw materials and can prepare K₃PO₄ continuously. Under the optimized conditions (operating voltage of 8 V, 0.35 mol/L Na₃PO₄ and 1.05 mol/L KCl in raw flow with the rate of 30 mL/min), the product purity of K₃PO₄ reaches more than 97%, the energy consumption is 1191 kW·h/t, and the cost is about 8314 CNY/ton. Compared with traditional methods, EDM has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, and high utilization rate. This study shows that EDM technology has significant potential in preparing K₃PO₄.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12112981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Folded Structures on Interfacial Solar-Driven Seawater Desalination.","authors":"Shufang Zhu, Yuke Niu, Xu Yan","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050134","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, solar-driven interface evaporation for seawater desalination is believed to be an effective way to overcome freshwater shortage. To improve the efficiency of solar-driven interfacial evaporators, designing the evaporator's structure is essential. In this study, we proposed a folded structure solar-driven interfacial evaporator with electrospun recycled PET/carbon nanotube fibrous membranes. The as-spun membranes were folded into 4, 8, and 16 petals. The results suggested that F@8 (fold with eight petals) had the best solar-driven evaporation performance, with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 90.59% and an evaporation rate of 1.31 kg·m^-2·h^-1, due to its lower light projection area and greater light absorption. The evaporation performance remained stable after 10 cycles. In addition, the concentration of ions in the freshwater collected after desalination was 2~3 orders of magnitude lower than that before desalination. These results indicate that a properly designed folded structure can effectively enhance evaporators through changing the light projection area and absorption. This approach might provide an effective way to optimize the structure of interfacial solar-driven evaporators.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen and Ammonia Co-Adsorption on <i>M</i>(1 1 1) and Pd₃<i>M</i>(1 1 1) (<i>M</i> = Pd, Ru, Ag, Au, Cu) Surfaces.","authors":"Didrik R Småbråten, Marie D Strømsheim, Thijs A Peters","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050135","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ammonia (NH₃) represents a promising zero-emission fuel in hydrogen fuel cells. Membrane reactors for NH₃ decomposition based on Pd-alloys have demonstrated high NH₃ conversion, high hydrogen diffusivity, and high hydrogen selectivity, which allows for the production of high-purity H₂ without the need for gas separation or purification. However, it is observed that Pd-alloy membranes are to a various degree prone to H₂ flux inhibition in the presence of NH₃. Hence, finding proper means to tailor the surface adsorption properties through, e.g., alloying is imperative to further improve the technology. In the current work, hydrogen and ammonia co-adsorption phenomena on <i>M</i>(1 1 1) and Pd₃<i>M</i>(1 1 1) (<i>M</i> = Pd, Ru, Ag, Au, Cu) surfaces are studied using density functional theory calculations. It is shown that the surface adsorption properties are strongly dependent on the surface composition, which can be linked to the corresponding electronic structure at the membrane surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbonation of Ammonium Diuranate Filtrate to Enhance Uranium Rejection by Nanofiltration.","authors":"Runci Wang, Zhongwei Yuan, Xiang Meng, Taihong Yan, Weifang Zheng","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050133","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A commercial polymeric nanofiltration membrane (NF270, DuPont) was employed for uranium removal from ammonium diuranate filtrate (ADUF). Carbonate supplementation through ammonium carbonate addition enhanced uranium rejection via formation of uranyl-carbonate coordination complexes. Systematic speciation analysis of uranium species in ADUF was conducted, coupled with calculation of the concentration polarization modulus to optimize ammonium carbonate dosage. The experimental results demonstrated that with 680 mg/L ammonium carbonate addition, the permeate uranium concentration decreased from 1.2 mg/L to 0.64 mg/L. This study confirms the technical feasibility of ADUF carbonation pretreatment for improving uranium retention efficiency in nanofiltration processes, achieving 46.7% reduction in uranium permeation flux.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Investigation of a New Polysulfone Dialyzer with Increased Membrane Hydrophilicity.","authors":"Adam M Zawada, Bettina Griesshaber, Bertram Ottillinger, Ansgar Erlenkötter, Nathan Crook, Skyler Boyington, Manuela Stauss-Grabo, James P Kennedy, Thomas Lang","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050132","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innovation in dialysis care is fundamental to improve well-being and outcomes of patients with end-stage kidney disease. The dialyzer is the core element of dialysis treatments, as it largely defines which substances are removed from the patient's body. Moreover, its large surface size is the major place of interaction of the patient's blood with artificial surfaces and thus may lead to undesired effects such as inflammation or coagulation. In the present article we summarize the development path for a new dialyzer, including in vitro and clinical evidence generation. We use the example of the novel FX CorAL dialyzer, which has recently entered European and US markets, to show which steps are needed to develop and characterize a new dialyzer. The FX CorAL dialyzer includes a new hydrophilic membrane, which features reduced protein adsorption, sustained performance, and an improved hemocompatibility profile, characterized in numerous in vitro and clinical studies. Safety evaluations revealed a favorable profile, with low incidences of adverse device effects. Insights gained from both in vitro and clinical studies contribute to the advancement of dialyzer development, ultimately leading to improved patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Zahid et al. Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonated Graphene Oxide-Doped Polymeric Membranes with Improved Anti-Biofouling Behavior. <i>Membranes</i> 2021, <i>11</i>, 563.","authors":"Muhammad Zahid, Anum Rashid, Saba Akram, H M Fayzan Shakir, Zulfiqar Ahmad Rehan, Talha Javed, Rubab Shabbir, Mahmoud M Hessien","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050131","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved CO₂/CH₄ Separation in Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes via Copolymerization of Long-Chain Flexible Structures.","authors":"Yingxiu Wu, Haiyan Guo, Bingyu Zhao, Yuxiu Yu, Yaodong Liu, Shouchun Zhang","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050128","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes demonstrate considerable advantages and significant potential in the separation of CO₂ and CH₄. Nevertheless, current research predominantly emphasizes the enhancement of CMS membranes through the incorporation of rigid structures and chain spatial stacking. The role of flexible structures in this context remains inadequately understood. To address this gap, we introduced long-chain polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and copolymerized it to synthesize polyimide that combines rigid and flexible frameworks. This approach enabled us to investigate the impact of flexible structures on the structure and properties of carbon membranes by varying the PDMS content. The findings indicated that flexible PDMS significantly influenced the thermal decomposition behavior of polyimide and facilitated in situ silicon doping within the carbon membranes, thereby modifying the pore characteristics of the carbon film. Specifically, with a 10% addition of PDMS, the CO₂ permeability of the CMS membrane reached 9556 Barrer, representing an enhancement of 103.9% and surpassing the 2019 upper bound for CO₂/CH₄ separation. Furthermore, the effect of pyrolysis temperature was also examined. Ultimately, this study offers a novel perspective on regulating the structural and performance characteristics of carbon membranes through the integration of long-chain flexible structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Enrichment of Acetic Acid Using an Integrated Reverse Osmosis-Electrodialysis Process.","authors":"Shichang Xu, Long Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Lixin Xie, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050129","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the integrated process of reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) is developed to concentrate the dilute solution of acetic acid (HAc). The key parameters, such as RO pressure, ED voltage, and ED volume ratio, were systematically evaluated and the operation conditions of the processes were optimized. Under an operating pressure of 5 MPa, RO can enrich low-concentration HAc from 1.5 wt.% to 6.5% wt.% and the energy consumption is 0.37 kW·h·kg^-1. Next, RO-concentrated water was used as the ED feed and the first ED with a volume ratio of the concentrated to dilute chamber of 1:4 was carried out under the conditions of a flow rate of 30 L/h and an operating voltage of 12 V; the HAc concentration reached 12.50 wt.%. The second ED with a volume ratio of 1:5 made the final HAc concentration reach 19.02 wt.%. This study shows that using RO-concentrated water instead of initial water for the ED process can reduce water energy consumption and cost markedly, and the RO-ED integrated process can efficiently pre-enrich low-concentration HAc aqueous solution, and the enriched HAc concentration meets the requirements for the further distillation of HAc.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halloysite-Nanotube-Mediated High-Flux γ-Al₂O₃ Ultrafiltration Membranes for Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment.","authors":"Shining Geng, Dazhi Chen, Zhenghua Guo, Qian Li, Manyu Wen, Jiahui Wang, Kaidi Guo, Jing Wang, Yu Wang, Liang Yu, Xinglong Li, Xiaohu Li","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050130","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The wastewater from Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) generated in the semiconductor industry contains a significant concentration of suspended particles and necessitates rigorous treatment to meet environmental standards. Ceramic ultrafiltration membranes offer significant advantages in treating such high-solid wastewater, including a high separation efficiency, environmental friendliness, and straightforward cleaning and maintenance. However, the preparation of high-precision ceramic ultrafiltration membranes with a smaller pore size (usually <20 nm) is very complicated, requiring the repeated construction of transition layers, which not only increases the time and economic costs of manufacturing but also leads to an elevated transport resistance. In this work, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), characterized by their high aspect ratio and lumen structure, were utilized to create a high-porosity transition layer using a spray-coating technique, onto which a γ-Al₂O₃ ultrafiltration selective layer was subsequently coated. Compared to the conventional α-Al₂O₃ transition multilayers, the HNTs-derived transition layer not only had an improved porosity but also had a reduced pore size. As such, this strategy tended to simplify the preparation process for the ceramic membranes while reducing the transport resistance. The resulting high-flux γ-Al₂O₃ ultrafiltration membranes were used for the high-efficiency treatment of CMP wastewater, and the fouling behaviors were investigated. As expected, the HNTs-mediated γ-Al₂O₃ ultrafiltration membranes exhibited excellent water flux (126 LMH) and high rejection (99.4%) of inorganic particles in different solvent systems. In addition, such membranes demonstrated good operation stability and regeneration performance, showing promise for their application in the high-efficiency treatment of CMP wastewater in the semiconductor industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12112845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Aquaculture: A Vacuum Membrane Distillation Approach.","authors":"Claudio Marcos Eugênio Malaghini, Jussara Garcez, Rodrigo Hoff, Alan Ambrosi, Katia Rezzadori","doi":"10.3390/membranes15050127","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15050127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in agricultural and fisheries water has raised significant environmental and health concerns. Vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) has shown promise as an effective method for removing non-volatile contaminants, such as CECs, from water. This study presents a novel application of a bench-scale VMD unit to treat water from Lagoa da Conceição, Florianópolis, Brazil, using microporous membranes (0.22 µm) under the following optimized conditions: 75 °C, a flow rate of 24 L·h^-1, and a vacuum pressure of -640 mmHg. The system demonstrated remarkable performance in removing several key antimicrobials, including sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and clindamycin (500 μg·L^-1), with rejection rates of 99.1%, 98%, 99.9%, and 99%, respectively, and an average flux of 7.08 L·m^-2·h^-1. Additionally, the VMD unit achieved a substantial 99.98% salt rejection. Ecotoxicity tests revealed low toxicity for sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin but high toxicity for clindamycin, while human risk assessment indicated moderate-to-high risks for ciprofloxacin and clindamycin. The findings highlight the potential of VMD as an effective and sustainable technology for the removal of CECs and biocompounds, enhancing water safety and reducing environmental hazards. This study offers a promising solution for addressing water contamination on a broader scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}