IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020064

Argyris Panagopoulos, Panagiotis Michailidis

{"title":"Membrane Technologies for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment: Advances, Challenges, and Applications in Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) and Minimal Liquid Discharge (MLD) Systems.","authors":"Argyris Panagopoulos, Panagiotis Michailidis","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020064","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020064","url":null,"abstract":"As the demand for sustainable water and wastewater management continues to rise in both desalination and industrial sectors, there is been notable progress in developing Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) and Minimal Liquid Discharge (MLD) systems. Membrane technologies have become a key component of these systems, providing effective solutions for removing contaminants and enabling the recovery of both water and valuable resources. This article explores recent advancements in the design and operation of ZLD and MLD systems, discussing their benefits, challenges, and how they fit into larger treatment processes. Emphasis is given to membrane-based processes, such as reverse osmosis (RO), membrane distillation (MD), and forward osmosis (FO), as well as hybrid configurations, and innovative membrane materials. These advancements are designed to address critical challenges like fouling, scaling, high energy demands, and high brine production. The article also explores exciting research directions aimed at enhancing the efficiency and durability of membrane technologies in ZLD and MLD systems, paving the way for new innovations in sustainable water management across various industries.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Membrane Surface Hydrophobicity on the Performance and Water Production Cost of a Desalination Unit.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020063

Sima Rabiei, Anthony H J Paterson

{"title":"The Effect of Membrane Surface Hydrophobicity on the Performance and Water Production Cost of a Desalination Unit.","authors":"Sima Rabiei, Anthony H J Paterson","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020063","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020063","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane pore wetting remains a significant challenge to achieving the stable operation and commercialization of membrane distillation processes. This study quantitatively assessed membrane surface hydrophobicity to investigate its impact on the performance and water production cost of an MD system. Membranes with a similar pore wetting resistance but differing in surface hydrophobicity and pore diameter were examined. A direct contact membrane distillation unit was modeled, and the water flux results were compared with laboratory experiments to validate the model. The validated model was subsequently employed to simulate a seawater desalination plant with a designed capacity of 20 m3/day. The results demonstrated that membranes with a higher surface hydrophobicity and bigger pore sizes achieved higher water flux, increasing from 0.6 kg/m2·h to 2.5 kg/m2·h, and significantly reduced water production costs from NZD$13.5/m3 to $3.9/m3. This research highlights the importance of optimizing membrane surface properties and microstructures to advance MD applications.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recovering Ammonia as Ammonium Citrate and Ammonium Sulfate from Sludge Digestion Liquors Using Membrane Contactors in a Pilot Plant.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020062

Ricardo Reyes Alva, Marius Mohr, Günter E M Tovar, Susanne Zibek

{"title":"Recovering Ammonia as Ammonium Citrate and Ammonium Sulfate from Sludge Digestion Liquors Using Membrane Contactors in a Pilot Plant.","authors":"Ricardo Reyes Alva, Marius Mohr, Günter E M Tovar, Susanne Zibek","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020062","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020062","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane contactors have proved to be effective for recovering ammonia from wastewater by absorbing it into a trapping solution. This study compares the performance of sulfuric acid and citric acid as trapping solutions in a pilot-scale plant for recovering ammonia from sludge digestion liquors using membrane contactors in a liquid-liquid configuration operating at pH 10 and a temperature of 37 °C and using ultrafiltration (UF) technology as pretreatment. The performance of the process using sulfuric acid at a lower pH (9.5) and temperature (30 °C) was also studied, as well as the advantage of including a CO2-stripping module in the process. The ammonia elimination efficiency was 88% and 86% when using sulfuric acid and citric acid, respectively. The nitrogen concentration of the produced ammonium sulfate and ammonium citrate reached 23.2 and 14.7 g NH3-N·L-1, respectively. The ammonia elimination efficiency when using sulfuric acid decreased to 49% when decreasing the pH to 9.5 and to 85% when decreasing the temperature to 31 °C. UF technology was able to reduce the concentration of suspended solids by 90% and the chemical oxygen demand by 37%. However, the UF membranes for the pretreatment and the membrane contactors for ammonia recovery had to be constantly cleaned with acid due to scaling, which significantly increased maintenance efforts. The CO2-stripping module reduced the consumption of the caustic soda solution by 23% for increasing the pH level of the treated water. Finally, the specific energy consumption of the plant was 8 kWh·m-3.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface-Charge Characterization of Nanocomposite Cellulose Acetate/Silver Membranes and BSA Permeation Performance.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020061

Ana Sofia Figueiredo, María Guadalupe Sánchez-Loredo, Maria Norberta de Pinho, Miguel Minhalma

{"title":"Surface-Charge Characterization of Nanocomposite Cellulose Acetate/Silver Membranes and BSA Permeation Performance.","authors":"Ana Sofia Figueiredo, María Guadalupe Sánchez-Loredo, Maria Norberta de Pinho, Miguel Minhalma","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020061","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020061","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane processes are a reality in a wide range of industrial applications, and efforts to continuously enhance their performance are being pursued. The major drawbacks encountered are related to the minimization of polarization concentration, fouling, and biofouling formation. In this study, silver nanoparticles were added to the casting solutions of cellulose acetate membranes in order to obtain new hybrid membranes that present characteristics inherent to the silver nanoparticles, namely antibacterial behavior that leads to biofouling reduction. A systematic study was developed to assess the effect of ionic strength, membrane polymeric structure, and silver nanoparticle incorporation on the cellulose acetate (CA) membrane surface charge. Surface charge was quantified by streaming potential measurements and it was correlated with BSA permeation performance. CA membranes were prepared by the phase-inversion method using three casting-solution compositions, to obtain membranes with different polymeric structures (CA400-22, CA400-30, CA400-34). The nanocomposite CA/silver membranes (CA/Ag) were prepared through the incorporation of silver nanoparticles (0.1 and 0.4 wt% Ag) in the casting solutions of the membranes. To evaluate the electrolyte concentration effect on the membranes zeta potential and surface charge, two potassium chloride solutions of 1 mM and 5 mM were used, in the pH range between 4 and 9. The results show that the zeta-potential values of CA/Ag membranes were less negative when compared to the silver-free membranes, and almost independent of the silver content and the pH of the solution. The influence of the protein solution pH and the protein charge in the BSA solutions permeation was studied. The pH conditions that led to the lower permeate fluxes were observed at the isoelectric point of BSA, pH = 4.8.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seawater Membrane Distillation Coupled with Alkaline Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production: Parameter Influence and Techno-Economic Analysis.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020060

Xiaonan Xu, Zhijie Zhao, Chunfeng Song, Li Xu, Wen Zhang

{"title":"Seawater Membrane Distillation Coupled with Alkaline Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production: Parameter Influence and Techno-Economic Analysis.","authors":"Xiaonan Xu, Zhijie Zhao, Chunfeng Song, Li Xu, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020060","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020060","url":null,"abstract":"The production of green hydrogen requires renewable electricity and a supply of sustainable water. Due to global water scarcity, using seawater to produce green hydrogen is particularly important in areas where freshwater resources are scarce. This study establishes a system model to simulate and optimize the integrated technology of seawater desalination by membrane distillation and hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis. Technical economics is also performed to evaluate the key factors affecting the economic benefits of the coupling system. The results show that an increase in electrolyzer power and energy efficiency will reduce the amount of pure water. An increase in the heat transfer efficiency of the membrane distillation can cause the breaking of water consumption and production equilibrium, requiring a higher electrolyzer power to consume the water produced by membrane distillation. The levelized costs of pure water and hydrogen are US$1.28 per tonne and $1.37/kg H2, respectively. The most important factors affecting the production costs of pure water and hydrogen are electrolyzer power and energy efficiency. When the price of hydrogen rises, the project's revenue increases significantly. The integrated system offers excellent energy efficiency compared to conventional desalination and hydrogen production processes, and advantages in terms of environmental protection and resource conservation.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Loose Polyester Nanofiltration Membrane Designed with Hydroxyl-Ammonium for Efficient Dye/Salt Separation.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020059

Nan Ma, Guiliang Li, Yang Liu, Shenghua Zhou, Fu Liu

引用次数: 0

Bi-Objective Optimization of Techno-Economic and Environmental Performance for Membrane-Based CO₂ Capture via Single-Stage Membrane Separation.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020057

Nobuo Hara, Satoshi Taniguchi, Takehiro Yamaki, Thuy T H Nguyen, Sho Kataoka

{"title":"Bi-Objective Optimization of Techno-Economic and Environmental Performance for Membrane-Based CO2 Capture via Single-Stage Membrane Separation.","authors":"Nobuo Hara, Satoshi Taniguchi, Takehiro Yamaki, Thuy T H Nguyen, Sho Kataoka","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020057","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020057","url":null,"abstract":"Various factors need to be considered in process design optimization to implement the complex processes of CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Here, bi-objective optimization of single-stage CO2 membrane separation was performed for two evaluation indexes: cost and CO2 emissions. During optimization, the process flow configuration was fixed, the membrane performance was set under the condition of the Robeson upper bound, and the membrane area and operating conditions were set as variables. Bi-objective optimization was performed using an original algorithm that combines the adaptive design of experiments, machine learning, a genetic algorithm, and Bayesian optimization. Five case studies with different product CO2 purities in the constraint were analyzed. Pareto solutions were superior for case studies with lower product CO2 purities. The set of Pareto solutions revealed opposite directions for optimization: either (1) increase the membrane area to reduce CO2 emissions but increase costs or (2) increase power consumption and reduce costs but increase CO2 emissions. The implemented bi-objective optimization approach is promising for evaluating the membrane CO2 capture process and the individual processes of CCUS.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrophobic Membrane Wettability: Effects of Salinity and Temperature.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020058

Orhan Kaya

引用次数: 0

Application of Membrane Capacitive Deionization as Pretreatment Strategy for Enhancing Salinity Gradient Power Generation.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020056

Seoyeon Lee, Juyoung Lee, Jaehyun Ju, Hyeongrak Cho, Yongjun Choi, Sangho Lee

{"title":"Application of Membrane Capacitive Deionization as Pretreatment Strategy for Enhancing Salinity Gradient Power Generation.","authors":"Seoyeon Lee, Juyoung Lee, Jaehyun Ju, Hyeongrak Cho, Yongjun Choi, Sangho Lee","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020056","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020056","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity gradient power (SGP) technologies, including pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) and reverse electrodialysis (RED), have the potential to be utilized for the purpose of harvesting energy from the difference in salinity between two water streams. One challenge associated with SGP is a reduction in power density due to membrane fouling when impaired water is utilized as a low-salinity water stream. Accordingly, this study sought to explore the feasibility of membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI), a low-energy water treatment technique, as a novel pretreatment method for SGP. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of MCDI pretreatment on the performance of PRO and RED. The low-salinity water was obtained from a brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) plant, while the high-salinity water was a synthetic seawater desalination brine. The removal efficiency of organic and inorganic substances in brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) brine by MCDI was estimated, as well as theoretical energy consumption. The results demonstrated that MCDI attained removal efficiencies of up to 88.8% for organic substances and 78.8% for inorganic substances. This resulted in a notable enhancement in the lower density for both PRO and RED. The power density of PRO exhibited a notable enhancement, reaching 3.57 W/m2 in comparison to 1.14 W/m2 recorded for the BWRO brine. Conversely, the power density of RED increased from 1.47 W/m2 to 2.05 W/m2. Given that the energy consumption by MCDI is relatively low, it can be surmised that the MCDI pretreatment enhances the overall efficiency of both PRO and RED. However, to fully capitalize on the benefits of MCDI pretreatment, it is recommended that further process optimization be conducted.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation and Modification of Silicalite-2 Membranes.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术

Membranes Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/membranes15020054

Yin Yang, Juan Liu, Qi Zhou, Siqi Shao, Lingling Zou, Wenjun Yuan, Meihua Zhu, Xiangshu Chen, Hidetoshi Kita

{"title":"Preparation and Modification of Silicalite-2 Membranes.","authors":"Yin Yang, Juan Liu, Qi Zhou, Siqi Shao, Lingling Zou, Wenjun Yuan, Meihua Zhu, Xiangshu Chen, Hidetoshi Kita","doi":"10.3390/membranes15020054","DOIUrl":"10.3390/membranes15020054","url":null,"abstract":"Silicalite-2 membranes were successfully prepared on tubular α-Al2O3 supports by secondary hydrothermal synthesis, and the pervaporation performance of the membrane was evaluated by separation of a 5 wt% ethanol/H2O mixture at 60 °C. The effects of templating agent content, water-silicon ratio and crystallization time on the separation performance of Silicalite-2 membranes were investigated. When the TBAOH/SiO2 and H2O/SiO2 molar ratios of the precursor synthesis solution were 0.2 and 120, a dense Silicalite-2 membrane could be prepared on the surface of the tubular α-Al2O3 support after 72 h. The silane coupling agent was utilized to treat the Silicalite-2 membranes, and the effects of silane coupling agent dosage on their properties were also explored. The pervaporation performance of the Silicalite-2 membrane was greatly improved with a 5.7 wt% trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) solution and the flux and separation factor of the membrane reached 1.75 kg·m-2·h-1 and 22 for separation of 5 wt% EtOH/H2O at 60 °C, respectively.","PeriodicalId":18410,"journal":{"name":"Membranes","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11857479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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