Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology最新文献_第6页

Design of Monitoring System on QDQ2-1 Type Water Electrolysis Hydrogen Equipment QDQ2-1型水电解制氢装置监控系统设计

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-10-25 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2016.63006

Jiang Tao, P. Yu, Liu Yu, Jiajia Zhang, Shuyong Zhen

引用次数: 0

The Evolution of Defense in Depth Approach: A Cross Sectorial Analysis 纵深防御方法的演变:跨部门分析

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2016.62004

Lorenzo Chierici, G. Fiorini, S. Rovere, P. Vestrucci

{"title":"The Evolution of Defense in Depth Approach: A Cross Sectorial Analysis","authors":"Lorenzo Chierici, G. Fiorini, S. Rovere, P. Vestrucci","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2016.62004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2016.62004","url":null,"abstract":"The Defense in Depth (DiD) is a classical defensive concept currently applied to a variety of technical fields, including nuclear (where this concept is widely applied) and chemical industry, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), transport, and many others. It deals with slowdown of the progression of an “attack” against a “target” by using multiple and independent levels of protection (or lines of defense), designed to compensate for the failure of one or more defenses, ensuring that the risks are kept acceptable. Concerning the current practices for the DiD implementation and the rationale for its evolution, there is a shared recognition that the reinforcement of DiD is the key to improve the safety of future installations for all types of technologies and industries. Within this context, the results of Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) play a key role in the demonstration of both the robustness of the design and safety, supporting the verification that the DiD principles are correctly implemented. A key issue, still open, is related to the link that must be put in place to provide the DiD probabilistic success criteria through PSA insights. After an analysis of DiD evolution in time and DiD application to different industrial fields, this paper deals with the key issue, still open, relevant to the link that must be put in place to provide the DiD probabilistic success criteria through PSA insights. Practical proposals outlined point out the open questions.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116484654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Underlying Factors of Occupational Accidents: The Case of Turkey 职业事故的潜在因素:土耳其的案例

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-03-11 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2016.61001

Fatih Yılmaz, Selçuk Alp

{"title":"Underlying Factors of Occupational Accidents: The Case of Turkey","authors":"Fatih Yılmaz, Selçuk Alp","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2016.61001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2016.61001","url":null,"abstract":"An average of 80 thousand occupational accidents occurs each year in Turkey and 1500 workers are lost their lives. In accordance to “policy of preventive approach”, many legal arrangements have been made in Turkey. In this context, weight to issues such as risk assessment and preventive OHS services is given; however, employee training, employee participation, labour inspect, and periodic checks in working areas such as maintenance and audit have not been achieved. The level of implementation of legal arrangements was inadequate. Research was carried out to determine the significance rate of the factors that cause accidents in 5 sectors with the highest number of occupational accidents in Turkey. Questionnaires administered to experienced safety specialists were reviewed by analyzing with the fuzzy TOPSIS method. According to the results, especially in the construction and coal mining sectors and all sectors in general, employee training, employee participation and periodic maintenance in the workplace are more important accident prevention factors than risk assessment and preventive OH & S services. It is seen that for the prevention of accidents, all measures should be implemented by systematic and by a multidisciplinary approach.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131312541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

On the Design of Energy Absorbing Crash Buffers for High Speed Roadways 高速公路吸能碰撞缓冲器设计研究

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-03-11 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2016.61002

M. S. Uddin, Jacob Quintel, Grad Zivkovic

{"title":"On the Design of Energy Absorbing Crash Buffers for High Speed Roadways","authors":"M. S. Uddin, Jacob Quintel, Grad Zivkovic","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2016.61002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2016.61002","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to design and analyze cost-effective and high energy absorbing buffer systems for high speed roadways. Unlike conventional crash cushions, the proposed buffer design is based on the assembly of a series of cylindrical hollow tubes (cells) with thorough slots around the cells. The idea is that during the collisions, the kinetic energy of the errant vehicles will be absorbed by the progressive deformation of the cells, hence minimizing damage to the vehicle and allowing a comfortable ride down deceleration of the vehicle’s occupants. As the cell was the fundamental unit of the buffer design, three cells with different geometry were studied to understand the underlying deformation of the individual cells. Nonlinear quasi-static tests using three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) simulation and experimental techniques were performed to evaluate the deformation and energy absorption capacity of the cells. Simulation results matched closely with experimental ones with relatively small errors. Based on the experimental results of single cells, a number of potential buffer systems were designed for 80 and 100 km/h speed roadways. Results indicate that the buffers with larger diameter cells are favorable to be used in high speed zones as they reduce the overall size of buffers and contain less number of cells, while being able to absorb the required amount of impact energy. Consequently, they are found to result in a reduced cost associated with materials and fabrication. All the buffer designs were relatively shorter than commercially available buffers used in roadways. In addition, due to their reduced and compact size, the designed buffers can potentially be used in a space limited and hazardous road environment to reduce the vehicle crash with the fixed objects.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129499246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Developing a Risk-Based Approach for Optimizing Human Reliability Assessment in an Offshore Operation 开发一种基于风险的方法来优化海上作业人员可靠性评估

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-03-11 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2016.61003

A. Bahootoroody, M. M. Abaiee, R. Gholamnia, Mohammad Bahoo Torody, Nastaran Hekmat Nejad

{"title":"Developing a Risk-Based Approach for Optimizing Human Reliability Assessment in an Offshore Operation","authors":"A. Bahootoroody, M. M. Abaiee, R. Gholamnia, Mohammad Bahoo Torody, Nastaran Hekmat Nejad","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2016.61003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2016.61003","url":null,"abstract":"Human error plays a pivotal rule in all aspects of engineering activities such as operation, maintenance, design, inspection and installation. Industries are faced up to various significant human errors and consequently irrecoverable loss each year, but still there is a lack of heeds to qualify as well as quantify such errors. This paper tries to estimate the probability of failure in lifting of light structures in sea by considering human errors. To do this, a strong qualifying tool such as Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) is applied to develop high risk accident scenario by considering non-linear socio-technical interaction in system. Afterwards, human error probability is calculated for each activity using the Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM) based on resonance that is carried out in FRAM network. Then Event Tree (ET) is conducted to assess consequences. The present study is aimed to interpret the importance of attentions to qualitative methods in implementing quantitative risk analyses to consider human error in calculation. The final outcome depicts that considering human error in the process of risk assessment will result in more accuracy and reliability in final Risk Probability Number (RPN). The developed methodology has been applied to a case study of an offshore installation.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133413442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Whole-Body Vibration in Automated Residential Solid Waste Collection 住宅固体废物自动收集中的全身振动

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-12-07 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.54011

H. Paschold

引用次数: 1

Review on Rockburst Theory and Types of Rock Support in Rockburst Prone Mines 易发岩爆矿山岩爆理论与岩石支护类型研究进展

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-12-07 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.54013

Eugie Kabwe, Yi-ming Wang

引用次数: 32

Flame Spread over Binary Mixed Liquid Fuels—Super-Flash/Super-Flash Mixed Condition 火焰在二元混合液体燃料上蔓延-超级闪光/超级闪光混合条件

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-12-07 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.54012

K. Sasaki, A. Ito, H. Torikai

引用次数: 3

Safety Culture, Policies and Practices in Nigerian Maritime Industry: The Exxon-Mobil Experience 尼日利亚海运业的安全文化、政策和实践:埃克森美孚的经验

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-08-13 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.53009

John Nsikan Efiok, O. Oluseye, Tommy Uduak, Raimi Morufu Olalekan

{"title":"Safety Culture, Policies and Practices in Nigerian Maritime Industry: The Exxon-Mobil Experience","authors":"John Nsikan Efiok, O. Oluseye, Tommy Uduak, Raimi Morufu Olalekan","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2015.53009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2015.53009","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, issues on safety culture and policies in maritime industry have received widespread research attention. Some maritime firms have even gone further to anchor their safety policies on learned corporate culture. However, whether these policies are fully embraced and complied with by seamen is a different kettle of fish altogether. This study therefore, examines safety culture, policies and practices in Nigerian maritime industry with a view to ascertaining: the extent of freight men’ awareness and compliance to safety policies, identifying hindrances to conformity with safety policies and practices, and determining intervention options that management of Exxon-Mobil could use to foster safety compliance. The study adopts a survey approach, with structured questionnaire, and gathering primary data from seamen onboard. The findings reveal that workers are aware of the various safety policies and practices put in place by management, but adherence is impeded by several factors-inadequate staff strength, crew fatigue, and poor wages. Others include contract labour, inadequate safety training, complacency, and high risk tolerance. Surprisingly, improper handover and supervisory interference were not potent enough to hinder compliance with safety regulations at sea.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130756024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Role Expansion: Implications of the Security Role Expanding into the EHS Function 角色扩展:安全角色扩展到EHS功能的含义

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-08-13 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.53010

Wanda D. Minnick, Jonathan D. Cunkelman

{"title":"Role Expansion: Implications of the Security Role Expanding into the EHS Function","authors":"Wanda D. Minnick, Jonathan D. Cunkelman","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2015.53010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2015.53010","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of safety professionals regarding the expansion of their role into security functions. One hundred eleven returned surveys from practicing safety professionals in the manufacturing, oil and gas, and construction industries were examined. Fifty seven percent of respondents agree with role expansion into security and twenty three percent of participants do not. Thematic patterns emerged from their comments and are provided. The remaining twenty percent of respondents fell into a category of “it depends” and the provided reasons suggest other variables that could have influence. A Chi square test for independence indicated that role expansion is independent of industry type; suggesting there is agreement for role expansion into security functions regardless of industry type. Another primary finding is that although the majority of safety professionals agree with role expansion, security coursework is currently not required in a review of accredited occupational safety and health program curricula. This suggests recent graduates may not be formerly prepared for the security elements of their role and should seek or be offered additional training.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114796631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0