Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology最新文献_第7页

The Analysis of Process Accidents Due to Risks in the Petrochemical Industries— The Case Study of Radiation Intensity Determination Proportional to Distance from Tank Level 石油化工行业风险过程事故的分析——辐射强度与距油罐液位成正比的案例研究

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.52003

Mehrzad Ebrahemzadih, A. Maleki, E. Darvishi, Mehdi Abadi, S. Dehestaniathar

{"title":"The Analysis of Process Accidents Due to Risks in the Petrochemical Industries— The Case Study of Radiation Intensity Determination Proportional to Distance from Tank Level","authors":"Mehrzad Ebrahemzadih, A. Maleki, E. Darvishi, Mehdi Abadi, S. Dehestaniathar","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2015.52003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2015.52003","url":null,"abstract":"Today, one of the basic methods in engaging the decision making of senior managers for securing the organizations regarding assessing risks that the industries face, is the analysis of outcomes of processing accidents. The development of process industries is always associated with an increased risk of accidents. Therefore, paying attention to this case is a priority for the safety units in the oil refineries and petrochemical plants. The aim of this study was to investigate safe distance between the storage tanks of gasoline tanks in the petrochemicals of South Pars Region; comparisons to the American petroleum institute were studied. The maximum of length of flame and the ratio of length to radius of flame were measured 20 m and 2.6 m respectively. If occurrence of leakage and pool fire in one of these tanks, the maximum intensity of thermal radiation was equal to 13.7kw/m2. Hence, there is a possibility to control of fire at a distance of 15 meters from the tanks to heat radiation due to a pool fire, thereby, domino effect does not occur in the event of fire.. The fire is controllable but in case of leakages aggregation and creation of flammable ponds around these tanks, the gathered radiator intensities have immediate explosion potential in the tanks. So, it is proposed, besides increasing the distance between the storage tanks, other measures like quality and safety inspection planning of the connections and controlling instruments of the tanks, inspection of the fire lighting equipment like hydrants, monitors, fire hose reels are done and performance of reaction maneuvers in emergency conditions can take place and be documented and planned.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131711985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Microcontroller Based Home Security System with GSM Technology 基于GSM技术的单片机家庭安防系统

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.52007

Raqibul Hasan, Mohammad Monirrujjman Khan, Asaduzzaman Ashek, I. J. Rumpa

引用次数: 50

Relationships among Risk Assessment, Risk Perception and Acceptance Model of the Residents near Nuclear Power Plants in Japan 日本核电站附近居民风险评估、风险认知与接受模式的关系

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.52005

Y. Otsuka

{"title":"Relationships among Risk Assessment, Risk Perception and Acceptance Model of the Residents near Nuclear Power Plants in Japan","authors":"Y. Otsuka","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2015.52005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2015.52005","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at revealing the relationships among risk assessment result, risk perception model and risk acceptance model of the residents near nuclear power plants in Japan. Risk acceptance model is based on the trust of resident to nuclear power plants (NPPs) companies. The risk perception of the residents is very fragile and is not always based on objective technical knowledge. In addition, there are two models of risk acceptance: traditional trust model and salient value similarity model. In order to discuss the risk communication framework between NPPs with residents, applicability of two modes on the perception of the residents should be investigated. The author collected questionnaire from local resident near Kashiwazaki-Kariwa NPP in Niigata, Japan. Severity of risk is significantly affected by the extents of risks, not by amount of knowledge. Radiation relating hazard is normally evaluated higher risk. Risk acceptance level is significantly related to the factors of social benefits and trust to the NPPs company, not by regional interest nor amount of knowledge. Furthermore, value similarity model was not significant in this study. The results demonstrated that risk acceptance model of local residents near NPPs could be arranged by traditional trust model. In order to establish mutual trustworthy relationships between local residents and NPPs engineer, expert knowledge in nuclear power, communication skills, and expertise in safety are necessary to the engineers.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126521516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Public Perception of Physical Risks: Effect of the Experience of Repeated Explosion Accidents at a Chemical Plant 公众对物理风险的认知:化工厂多次爆炸事故的影响

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.52006

Y. Koshiba, H. Ohtani

引用次数: 4

Characteristics of Seismic Hazard in a V-Shaped Valley and Hazard Mitigation Methods v型山谷地震灾害特征及减灾方法

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.52004

Y. Qiu, L. Yao, Q. Yuan

{"title":"Characteristics of Seismic Hazard in a V-Shaped Valley and Hazard Mitigation Methods","authors":"Y. Qiu, L. Yao, Q. Yuan","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2015.52004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2015.52004","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of hazards triggered by strong earthquakes showed great differences with traditional experience that gained from normal condition or moderate earthquake. This paper researches the differences and discusses the effect on road in V-shaped valleys. The distribution map of slope failures triggered by Lushan earthquake along roads is worked out by detailed investigation. Abnormal areas of seismic hazards are found and marked in the map. Then, co-seismic hazards and post-seismic hazards are researched in detail along Yingxiu-Wolong section of S303 road. V-shaped valleys are abnormal areas in strong earthquakes, where the geological hazards can be extreme large. Rock avalanche is the major type of co-seismic hazard, and debris flow is prone to occur and is the most harmful post-seismic hazard. For new built roads, the line elevation is as high as it can be if the economy and technique are acceptable. In strong earthquake-stricken area, makeshift roads are adopted in damage trunk roads to ensure the traffic. Reconstruction of formal roads should not be started until the end of the active period. The line elevation with enough vertical clearance over the river should be adopted to prevent the post-seismic debris flow hazard.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133142954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Research of Railway Line State Detection Signal Processing Method Based on EMD 基于EMD的铁路线路状态检测信号处理方法研究

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.52008

Wenming Zhu, Huizhen Ma, X. Chai, Shu-Bin Zhen

引用次数: 1

Assessment of Safety Practices and Injuries Associated with Wood Processing in a Timber Company in Ghana 加纳一家木材公司与木材加工相关的安全措施和伤害评估

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-02-11 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.51002

S. J. Mitchual, Mark Donkoh, F. Bih

{"title":"Assessment of Safety Practices and Injuries Associated with Wood Processing in a Timber Company in Ghana","authors":"S. J. Mitchual, Mark Donkoh, F. Bih","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2015.51002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2015.51002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the assessment of safety practices and injuries in a timber company in Ghana. A cross-sectional survey design was used for the study. Data were collected from 300 respondents at a sawmill in Ghana using a 5-point Likert-type scale questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analyses. The result indicates that the mean rating of the respondents on their use of personal protective equipment ranged from 1.09 to 2.51. This implies that the workers of the sawmill rarely or never wear: gloves, overall, goggles, face shield, nose and mouth mask, earplugs or helmet during wood processing. Additionally, the mean ratings of the respondents regarding safety practices, machine and maintenance ranged from 2.42 to 4.03 with three out of the eight items having mean ratings higher than the theoretical mean of 3.0. The ratings of the respondents of the saw doctoring department on their practice of safety on machine and maintenance were significantly higher than those of the other departments. The result of the study further suggests that the workers of this sawmill do rarely report of: skin irritation/dermatitis, eye irritation, lack of appetite, arm/leg amputation, neck pains, hearing loss and poor eye sight problems. However, they usually report of headaches, nausea, respiratory problems, small cuts, back pains, and hip and leg pains. The outcome of this study therefore suggests that the management of the sawmill studied needs to do more to enforce practice of safety, especially the use of personal protective equipment, to reduce hazards and injuries associated with wood processing in the firm.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129652261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Selection of Suitable Safety Activities and Experience of Safety Condition Establishment 适宜安全活动的选择与安全条件的建立经验

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-02-11 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2015.51001

Akihiko Hidaka, A. Miyake

{"title":"Selection of Suitable Safety Activities and Experience of Safety Condition Establishment","authors":"Akihiko Hidaka, A. Miyake","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2015.51001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2015.51001","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Japanese manufacturing firms have been building factories in the developing countries of Southeast Asia and employing local personnel. Using local employees who were basically people of the agricultural countries implies difficulties in both technical and safety terms. This study examines how quickly and effectively the companies going into the developing countries establish a standard of safety. The authors focus on Vietnam and Thailand as representative countries. To their surprise, the authors find that all 27 companies that answered their questionnaire had introduced “5S activities” at startup and were continuing to use them. In addition, nearly 80% of the companies began using “KY activities”, “Safety proposal activities”, and “Examinations of accidents” soon after startup. One of the authors Akihiko Hidaka, when serving as the president of the Thai subsidiary of a Japanese chemical company, developed safety activities to reduce work-related accidents. And he knew that the kinds of safety activities he developed were same as above 4 activities. So he evaluated these activities and judged them to be effective. The authors conclude that “5S activities”, “KY activities”, “Safety proposal activities”, and “Examinations of accidents” were the activities best able to improve safety effectively and quickly in developing countries. The authors describe the safety activities carried out at the Thai company and then describe the most important features of the methods used to establish safety conditions at the firm.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115414326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

A Novel Application of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) as Vehicular Technologies for Drowsy Driving Detection via Steering Wheel Movement 惯性测量单元(imu)作为车辆技术的一种新应用，通过方向盘运动进行疲劳驾驶检测

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2014-11-12 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2014.44018

Samuel Lawoyin, D. Fei, O. Bai

{"title":"A Novel Application of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) as Vehicular Technologies for Drowsy Driving Detection via Steering Wheel Movement","authors":"Samuel Lawoyin, D. Fei, O. Bai","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2014.44018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2014.44018","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vehicular technologies intended for the improvement of driver safety are especially critical today in the view of the thousands of deaths that occur annually due to drowsy driving. Current technologies include physiological methods like electroencephalography (EEG), behavioral methods including driver video monitoring, and vehicle measures which include lane and steering wheel tracking. These current technologies are impractical in their current implementations as they cannot readily be used outside of laboratory settings due to their requirements for intrusive electrodes, expensive cameras, and complex equipment. An earlier article demonstrated an effective method for wheel tracking using only an accelerometer; however the introduction of integrated gyroscopes and accelerometers has afforded further opportunities. Objective: This paper introduces a novel, low-cost, and easy to implement an approach to address this unmet problem. Method: Through the use of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) combining a gyroscope and an accelerometer, measurements of steering wheel behavior were recorded in both simulator and real world driving while compared against a standard potentiometer. Results: The excellent agreement between potentiometer recorded angles and IMU estimated angles (R2 = 0.98, P < 0.001) suggests that the complicated installation of potentiometers in vehicle steering columns is no longer a necessary step for steering wheel monitoring. Conclusion: This paper presents an IMU based method for drowsy steering-wheel behavioral tracking which is cost-effective, easy to implement, and accurately estimates steering behaviors. The results suggest that this novel vehicle technology offers hope for improving road safety.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129317279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Skin Problems among Users of the Urine-Based Fertiliser in Ouagadougou Periurban Areas, Burkina Faso: A Prospective Study 布基纳法索瓦加杜古城郊地区尿基肥料使用者的皮肤问题:一项前瞻性研究

Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology Pub Date : 2014-11-12 DOI: 10.4236/OJSST.2014.44019

J. Makaya, S. Aho, J. Wethe, D. Dianou, N. Barro, A. Traoré

{"title":"Skin Problems among Users of the Urine-Based Fertiliser in Ouagadougou Periurban Areas, Burkina Faso: A Prospective Study","authors":"J. Makaya, S. Aho, J. Wethe, D. Dianou, N. Barro, A. Traoré","doi":"10.4236/OJSST.2014.44019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJSST.2014.44019","url":null,"abstract":"The great challenge for the sustainable use of excreta (urine, faeces) in agriculture is to increase the benefits of these products as resources and decrease the negative effects on human health. The risk of gastrointestinal diseases associated with the use of human excreta as natural fertilisers is well established, while information on skin problems remains largely anecdotal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of skin problems among people involved in the handling of the urine used as fertiliser along a productive sanitation system in Ouagadougou periurban areas. A questionnaire was used for each targeted worker to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, conditions of work and reported health symptoms such as skin burning, itching, eye irritation and paronychia. The exposure measurements were essentially based on field observations. A total of 435 people were interviewed, including 45 workers in urine storage sites, 209 farmers using urine-based fertiliser and 181 control farmers. More than 35% of site workers reported skin symptoms. For farmers using urine-based fertiliser and their controls, 17.2% and 26.0% reported skin symptoms, respectively. Overall, the associations between skin symptoms and the handling of urine used as fertiliser were almost significant (P 0.06). Also, the study showed that these skin symptoms reported by the urine handlers are associated with conditions of work. Effective preventive measures such as wearing suitable protective equipment and practicing good personal hygiene should be emphasized. This topic needs to be further examined using longitudinal studies.","PeriodicalId":183634,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114478417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2