Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery最新文献

{"title":"The Tri-Lift suspension technique: a modified deep-plane lip lift for enhanced aesthetic outcomes-my personal approach.","authors":"Bayad Jaza Mahmood","doi":"10.1186/s40902-025-00459-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-025-00459-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The subnasal lip lift has emerged as a popular intervention for correcting an elongated upper lip, although postoperative scarring remains a topic of concern. Various techniques have been discussed in the literature, with the Tri-Lift suspension technique highlighted in this study offering to reduce such complications and to assess the impact of modification in the deep plane subnasal lip lift, which includes triple suspension sutures, on nasal and labial aesthetic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 193 female patients (mean age: 28 years) underwent the Tri-Lift suspension technique, while 50 female patients (mean age: 32.48 years) underwent the traditional lip lift (bullhorn technique). In the Tri-Lift group, 78.7% reported \"very much improvement,\" 20.2% \"much improvement,\" and 1% \"no change,\" compared to 43% \"very much improvement,\" 28.6% \"much improvement,\" 21.4% \"improved,\" and 7% \"no change\" in the traditional lip lift group. Quantitative measurements of philtral length, vermilion height, and dental show recorded preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively showed significant improvements in both groups. However, the Tri-Lift suspension technique achieved higher satisfaction rates, fewer adverse outcomes, and statistically significant differences in satisfaction levels (P < 0.05) compared with the traditional lip lift.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Tri-Lift suspension technique offers a solution to the common issue of scarring in subnasal lip lifts, enhancing both nasal and lip aesthetics. It presents a promising alternative to the traditional method, providing higher patient satisfaction and better aesthetic outcomes with reduced scarring.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"47 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medial sural artery perforator free flap for small- to medium-sized defects in head and neck reconstruction: a suitable replacement for radial forearm free flap.","authors":"Yulian Zhang, Keran Pan, Jian Wu, Xi Tang","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00455-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00455-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>To compare clinical outcomes and donor site morbidity between medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap and radial forearm free (RFF) flap for soft tissue reconstruction of head and neck.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-six patients who underwent free flap reconstruction at the head and neck cancer center from February 2019 to March 2021 were included, of which 25 RFF flaps and 21 MSAP flaps. The patient and flap characteristics (age, sex, flap size, harvest time, etc.) and outcomes (success rate, donor site complications including infection, hematoma, and fistula, donor site morbidity including abnormal sensation, weakness, range of motion, postoperative oral function) were recorded and compared. Patients were followed up for at least 12 months after surgery. The patients were assessed subjective donor-site morbidity and satisfaction with overall functional results using a self-reported questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The success rates of RFF flaps and MSAP flaps were 96% and 95.2%. There were no significant differences in age, sex, flap size, pedicle length, postoperative treatment, and postoperative oral function. MSAP flap showed less donor site morbidity and better subjective satisfaction at the donor site than RFF flap did after a 12-month follow-up. A dominant perforator of the medial sural artery emerges constantly near the point which is approximately 15 cm from the popliteal fossa center vertically, and 3 cm from the postor midline of the leg horizontally.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to less donor site morbidity and higher patient satisfaction, MSAP flap can be used as a replacement for RFF flap for small to medium-sized defects in head and neck reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"47 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of 4-hexylresorcinol in reducing sarcopenia in diabetic masseter muscle.","authors":"Dhouha Gaida, Young-Wook Park, Yei-Jin Kang, Seong-Gon Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40902-025-00457-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-025-00457-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR), a synthetic compound with antioxidant and stress-modulating properties, on diabetic sarcopenia in the masseter muscle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A controlled, parallel-arm study was conducted using 38 Sprague-Dawley rats divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ), and the groups were further subdivided to receive weekly subcutaneous injections of either 4HR or saline. Muscle volume was assessed using micro-computed tomography (μCT), and glycogen storage and protein expression were analyzed using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>μCT analysis revealed that diabetic rats exhibited significantly reduced masseter muscle volume compared to non-diabetic rats. However, 4HR treatment partially mitigated muscle volume loss in diabetic animals. Histological analysis showed higher PAS staining intensity in the diabetic group treated with 4HR compared to the untreated diabetic group, suggesting improved glycogen storage. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that 4HR treatment significantly increased Glut4 and phosphorylated AMPKα (p-AMPKα) expression in diabetic muscle, indicating enhanced glucose uptake and metabolic activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>4HR effectively alleviates diabetes-induced sarcopenia by preserving muscle volume, enhancing glycogen storage, and upregulating Glut4 and p-AMPKα expression. These findings suggest that 4HR holds potential as a therapeutic agent for combating muscle wasting in diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"47 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11747031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment outcomes of two surgical techniques in secondary reconstruction of unilateral cleft lip and ala nasi utilizing anthropometry assessment: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Ebrahim Humadi, Mawia Karkoutly, Zafin Kara Beit","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00456-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00456-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An orofacial cleft significantly impacts the oral health-related quality of life of children and teenagers. Secondary reconstruction is a more complex procedure due to tissue deficiency and scarring. The study aimed to evaluate the use of Pfeifer's wave-line incision method and the rotational flap method in the secondary reconstruction of unilateral lip clefts in patients with unilateral cleft lip and ala nasi aged 5-25 years utilizing anthropometry assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It was a double-blinded, randomized, parallel-group, active-controlled trial with two arms. Twenty-four patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1: Rotational flap method. Group 2: Control group, Pfeifer's wave-line incision method. The following anthropometric measurements were considered: Lb(X):En-En: The horizontal position of the center of the cupid's bow. Ch-Lt(l:r): The distance between the cheilion and the tip of the cupid's bow. Lt-Lb(l:r): The length of the cupid's bow. Lt(Y)(l:r): The size of the upper lip. Lt-Lt'(l:r): The height of the vermilion at the tip of the cupid's bow. Photographs were performed according to the follow-up periods: At the baseline and before surgery (t₀). Immediately after surgery (t₁). Two weeks after surgery (t₂). Six months after surgery (t₃).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rotational flap method did not outperform Pfeifer's method in the studied anthropometric measurements. In the rotational flap method group, there was a significant improvement in the mean value of Ch-Lt(l:r) from t₀ (1.156 ± 0.206) to t₃ (0.962 ± 0.098), and in the average value of Lt(Y)(l:r) from t₀ (0.944 ± 0.023) to t₃ (0.990 ± 0.011) (p < 0.05). In Pfeifer's method group, the mean value of Ch-Lt(l:r) was (1.141 ± 0.158) at t₀, and then improved to become (1.007 ± 0.084) at t₃ (p < 0.05), the average value of Ch-Lt(l:r) at t₀ was (0.942 ± 0.026), which improved to (0.991 ± 0.012) at t₃, and the average value of Lt-Lt'(l:r) increased from t₀ (1.308 ± 1.174) to t₃ (1.050 ± 0.054) (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pfeifer's wave-line incision and rotational flap methods achieve similar aesthetic results in the appearance of the lip or Cupid's bow after a 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN36320776, registered 06 November 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"47 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of an oral burn model in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.","authors":"Su-Young Kim, Seong-Gon Kim, Dae-Won Kim, Ji-Hyeon Oh","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00453-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00453-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral ulcers are painful mucosal lesions prone to infection and inflammation. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatments, a suitable experimental animal model with an appropriate healing period is required. The aim of this study was to develop an animal model for oral ulcer research by comparing oral burn wounds of different sizes and locations in diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats with induced diabetes were divided into six groups based on burn wound location and size: T5 (n = 10, tongue 5 mm), T3 (n = 10, tongue 3 mm), P5 (n = 10, palate 5 mm), P3 (n = 10, palate 3 mm), CT (n = 2, control tongue), and CP (n = 2, control palate). The burn wounds were induced by applying a heated device (100-120 °C) for 3 s. At 1- and 2-weeks post-surgery, macroscopic examination, histological staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis were performed to compare the healing progress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Healing progressed more rapidly in the second week than in the first for all groups, with burns on the tongue (Groups T5 and T3) showing more advanced healing compared to burns on the palate (Groups P5 and P3). By the second week, Group T3 was almost completely healed, while Group T5 had some remaining wounds. In contrast, Groups P5 and P3 showed minimal healing. This faster healing on the tongue was further supported by significantly lower expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and a reduction in ulcer size, particularly on the tongue compared to the palate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 3 mm or 5 mm burn wound on the tongue of diabetic rats can serve as a useful animal model for evaluating new treatments for wound healing, particularly up to the first week. However, for studies extending to the second week, the 5 mm burn wound model on the tongue might be more advantageous.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically.","authors":"Jihye Lim, Woomin Jo, Hyelynn Jeon, Seung Il Song, Jeong Keun Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00454-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00454-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-surgical method is a treatment option for mandibular condylar fracture; however, it is questionable whether bone fragments are adequately reduced and remodeled. The purpose of this study was to identify three-dimensional positional changes in the mandibular condyles in patients treated non-surgically, analyze factors influencing the extent of positional changes, and evaluate clinical prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 31 patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fractures treated non-surgically at the Ajou University Dental Hospital between 2005 and 2023. Computed tomography was performed at the time of the fracture (T ₀) and > 6 months after non-surgical treatment (T ₁). The extent of recovery of the highest point of the condyle head was measured in three-dimensional x-, y-, and z-axes. At the last follow-up > 6 months after remodeling (T ₁), the prognosis was evaluated by clinical examination of mouth opening limitation, malocclusion, deviation on opening, temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), and facial asymmetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Position differences were statistically significant between T₀ and T₁ (paired Student's t-test, P < 0.05), and between the x-, y-, and z-axes (Welch's ANOVA, P < 0.05). The degree of positional recovery in the superior and lateral directions showed a statistically significant negative correlation with age (Pearson's correlation analysis, P < 0.05). The average amount of recovery between two age groups of over and under 19 years old was statistically significant (independent t-test, P < 0.05). Complications included TMD (6.4%), malocclusion (3.2%) and facial asymmetry (3.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After non-surgical treatment, the condyle head of the fractured mandible recovered significantly laterally and superiorly in under 19-year-olds. The functional prognosis was favorable in all age groups. Non-surgical treatment can be an applicable treatment option for patients with mandibular condylar fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term evaluation of Elmelegy's technique of local muscle transposition for the functional restoration of large upper or lower lip defects.","authors":"Nader G Elmelegy","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00450-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00450-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although more than 200 techniques have been reported for the reconstruction of the upper and lower lip defects since 1000 BC, none of them is ideal. Local flaps may result in extra skin incisions and in some cases, the surgeon may be confronted with the lack of sufficient tissues for the reconstruction of large defects. Several techniques have been described for near-total lip reconstruction. The two major available techniques are local flap reconstruction (Bernard-von Burrow-Webster technique) and free micro-vascular tissue transfer. In this study, we are going to evaluate the functional results of using local muscles transposition-assisted dermal fat flap and muco-buccal flap in the treatment of large upper or lower lip defects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was carried out on 128 patients, who presented to us with malignant tumors affecting the lips.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lip defect sizes ranged from 4 to 6 cm in diameter. No flap failure was seen and desirable function and accepted esthetic results were obtained. The flap survival was 100%, and healing was eventful in all cases. No cases of microstomia were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of local muscle transposition-assisted dermal fat flap and muco-buccal flap technique, showed excellent results in regaining oral competence and lip mobility, and as much as possible, increased the aesthetic outcome.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>IV therapeutic study.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical stability of magnesium plate and screw fixation systems in LeFort I osteotomy: a three-dimensional finite element analysis.","authors":"Su-Min Cho, Byoung-Eun Yang, Won-Hyeon Kim, Sang-Yoon Park, Sung-Woon On, Jong-Ho Lee, Soo-Hwan Byun","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00451-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00451-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Titanium (Ti-6Al-4 V) is used for fixation in LeFort I osteotomy, a procedure for treating midface deformities. This study assessed the biomechanical stabilities of two Mg alloys (WE43 and ZK60) as biodegradable alternatives and compared them against Ti using finite element analyses. The LeFort I osteotomy procedure was simulated, and various plate and screw configurations were tested. The maximum principal and peak von Mises stresses in the metal plates and bone screws were measured under four load conditions, and the stability was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The holes in the Mg screws, as compared with the Ti counterparts, exhibited higher and lower stress levels in the cortical and cancellous bones, respectively. The Mg screws also exhibited a higher fracture risk. The ZK60 plate, as compared with the Ti and WE43 plates, exhibited a lower fracture risk under all load conditions. ZK60 exhibited higher biomechanical stability in terms of maintaining the gap between osteotomy surfaces and lower fracture risk; the osteotomy surfaces with Ti im-plants underwent bone impaction, resulting in gap closure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the Mg implants exhibited better stress distribution, their screw strength requires improvement. Appropriate improvements can promote the use of Mg alloys in bone fixation applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual surgical plan with custom surgical guide for orthognathic surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yoon-Jo Lee, Ji-Hyeon Oh, Seong-Gon Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00449-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00449-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The shift from traditional two-dimensional (2D) planning to three-dimensional (3D) virtual surgical planning (VSP) has revolutionized orthognathic surgery, offering new levels of precision and control. VSP, combined with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, enables the creation of patient-specific surgical guides and implants that translate preoperative plans into more precise surgical outcomes. This review examines the comparative accuracy and operative efficiency of VSP, especially when used with custom surgical guides, against conventional 2D planning in orthognathic surgery.</p><p><strong>Main text: </strong>The study systematically reviewed and analyzed published literature comparing the accuracy and operative time between VSP and conventional planning methods. The meta-analysis included clinical trials, controlled trials, and observational studies on patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, focusing on the degree of alignment between planned and postoperative bone positions and total surgery time. Results indicate that VSP consistently reduces discrepancies between planned and actual surgical outcomes, particularly when integrated with custom surgical guides. Additionally, while VSP demonstrated potential time-saving advantages over conventional planning, these differences were not statistically significant across studies, likely due to high variability among study protocols and designs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VSP with custom surgical guides enhances surgical accuracy in orthognathic procedures, marking a significant advancement over traditional methods. However, the reduction in operative time was not conclusively significant, underscoring the need for further studies to evaluate time efficiency. These findings emphasize VSP's role in improving surgical precision, which holds substantial implications for future orthognathic surgical practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The epidemiological and histopathological factors for delayed local recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Hyosik Kim, Sang-Min Lee, Kang-Min Ahn","doi":"10.1186/s40902-024-00443-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40902-024-00443-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy in oral cancer. Approximately 26% of OSCC cases recur after initial curative treatment, with over 80% of these recurrences occurring within the first 2 years. Delayed local recurrence (DLR) occurring beyond the 2-year period in cases of OSCC is infrequent. The aim of this study is to investigate the histopathological characteristics associated with DLR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 197 patients diagnosed with OSCC who underwent primary surgery from 2006 to 2022. Epidemiological features, such as age and gender, and histopathological features, including primary tumor sites, TNM staging, histopathological grading, depth of invasion, the presence of lymphovascular or perineural invasion, and the utilization of radiation therapy (RT) and neck dissection (ND) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean interval until local recurrence was 22 ± 27 months. There were 10 cases of DLR (20.83%) among 51 patients with local recurrence. The epidemiological and histopathological analysis of these cases is as follows: 10 patients (3 males and 7 females) aged 51-80 years (median, 56.5 years). Primary tumor sites were tongue (n = 3), maxillary gingiva (n = 1), mandibular gingiva (n = 3), retromolar trigone (n = 1), and buccal mucosa (n = 2). Tumor size was advanced (T3/T4) in 5 cases, while a smaller size (T1/T2) was observed in 5 cases. No lymph node metastasis was 80.0%. Histopathological grading was well differentiated in 9 cases and moderately differentiated in 1 case, with no cases of poorly differentiated tumors. Depth of invasion > 5 mm was 70.0% of the cases (n = 7). Lymphovascular invasion and perineural invasion were not present. Three patients received RT, and 8 patients underwent ND. There were 2 patients who consumed alcohol, and 2 patients who smoked tobacco. The results showed that histological differentiation had a significant relationship with the interval (p = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DLR, occurring more than 2 years after the initial tumor resection surgery, is infrequent. Histological differentiation is associated with tumor recurrence intervals. Patients with a higher histological grading require more precise follow-up observation during the initial 2 years after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":18357,"journal":{"name":"Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}