Comput. Math. Methods Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Construction of mRNA Regulatory Networks Reveals the Key Genes in Atrial Fibrillation","authors":"Nannan Chen, Mu Qin, Qunlin Gong, Nan Xu, Yu Lin, Jiahong Wang, Pengxiang Zheng","doi":"10.1155/2021/5527240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5527240","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most familiar heart rhythm disorder, is a major cause of stroke in the world, whereas the mechanism behind AF remains largely unclear. In the current study, we used the RNA-seq method to identify 275 positively regulated mRNAs and 117 negatively regulated mRNAs in AF compared to healthy controls. Through bioinformatic analysis, it indicated that these distinctively expressed genes took part in regulating multiple AF-related biological processes and pathways, such as platelet aggregation, platelet activation, pri-miRNA transcription, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) receptor signaling pathway. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified ITGB5, SRC, ACTG1, ILK, ITGA2B, ITGB3, TUBB4B, CDK11A, PAFAH1B1, CDK11B, and TUBG1 as hub regulators in AF. Moreover, the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was conducted and revealed that these hub genes were remarkably overexpressed in AF samples compared to normal samples. We believed that this study would enrich the understanding of the pathogenesis of AF and enable further research on the pathogenesis of AF.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126318381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ECG Denoising Method Based on the Generative Adversarial Residual Network","authors":"Bingxin Xu, Rui-xia Liu, M. Shu, Xiaoyi Shang, Yinglong Wang","doi":"10.1155/2021/5527904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5527904","url":null,"abstract":"High-quality and high-fidelity removal of noise in the Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is of great significance to the auxiliary diagnosis of ECG diseases. In view of the single function of traditional denoising methods and the insufficient performance of signal details after denoising, a new method of ECG denoising based on the combination of the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Residual Network is proposed. The method adopted in this paper is based on the GAN structure, and it restructures the generator and discriminator. In the generator network, residual blocks and Skip-Connecting are used to deepen the network structure and better capture the in-depth information in the ECG signal. In the discriminator network, the ResNet framework is used. In order to optimize the noise reduction process and solve the lack of local relevance considering the global ECG problem, the differential function and overall function of the maximum local difference are added in the loss function in this paper. The experimental results prove that the method used in this article has better performance than the current excellent S-Transform (S-T) algorithm, Wavelet Transform (WT) algorithm, Stacked Denoising Autoencoder (S-DAE) algorithm, and Improved Denoising Autoencoder (I-DAE) algorithm. Experiments show that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of this method in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) noise pressure database is 0.0102, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is 40.8526 dB, which is compared with that of the most advanced experimental methods. Our method improves the SNR by 88.57% on average. Besides the three noise intensities for comparison experiments, additional noise reduction experiments are also performed under four noise intensities in our paper. The experimental results verify the scientific nature of the model, which is that our method can effectively retain the important information conveyed by the original signal.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"526 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127553969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Pemetrexed and Gefitinib in the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Zhihao Zhang, Xiyong Wang, Huaiqing Xiao, Dongqiang Wu, Dongliang Zhang, Qun Yu, Linna Yuan","doi":"10.1155/2021/5534823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5534823","url":null,"abstract":"Object. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed and gefitinib in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. Databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, and Web of Science, were applied to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the use of pemetrexed and gefitinib in the second-line treatment of locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC from database foundation to April 2020. Meta-analysis was conducted using the RevMan 5.3 software. Primary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and secondary outcomes included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and all grades of drug-related adverse events (AEs). Results. Totally, 14 RCTs and 1,334 patients were involved in the study. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with pemetrexed, gefitinib was not superior in improving ORR (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.21\u0000 \u0000 ), DCR (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.52\u0000 \u0000 ), PFS (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.41\u0000 \u0000 ), and OS (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.79\u0000 \u0000 ). Subgroup analysis showed that in patients with mutant EGFR (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.08\u0000 \u0000 ) and wild-type EGFR (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.80\u0000 \u0000 ), both pemetrexed and gefitinib produced a similar effect on PFS. In terms of safety, the incidence of rash (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.00001\u0000 \u0000 ) and diarrhea (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.0005\u0000 \u0000 ) in the gefitinib group was significantly higher than those in the pemetrexed group, while the occurrence of neutropenia (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.01\u0000 \u0000 ) and fatigue (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 =\u0000 0.02\u0000 \u0000 ) was significantly lower. Conclusion. Gefitinib and pemetrexed showed similar efficacy and safety, regardless of the type of EGFR. Both gefitinib and pemetrexed can be used as conventional drugs for the second-line treatment of locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116684561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis","authors":"Shuaiqun Wang, Xiaoling Xu, Wei Kong","doi":"10.1155/2021/5550407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5550407","url":null,"abstract":"Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the malignant lung tumors. However, its pathology has not been fully understood. The purpose of this study is to identify the hub genes associated with LUAD by bioinformatics methods. Three gene expression datasets including GSE116959, GSE74706, and GSE85841 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used in this study. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to LUAD were screened by using the limma package. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis of DEGs were carried out through the DAVID website. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) of differentially expressed genes was drawn by the STRING website, and the results were imported into Cytoscape for visualization. Then, the PPI network was analyzed by using MCODE, and the modules with a score greater than 5 were found by using cytoHubba. Finally, the GEPIA database and UALCAN database were used to verify and analyze the survival of hub genes. We identified 67 upregulated genes and 277 downregulated genes from three LUAD datasets. The results of GO analysis showed that the downregulated genes were significantly enriched in matrix adhesion and angiogenesis and upregulated differential genes were significantly enriched in cell adhesion and vascular development. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differential genes of LUAD were significantly enriched in viral carcinogenesis and adhesion spots. The PPI network of differentially expressed genes consists of 269 nodes and 625 interactions. In addition, three modules with scores greater than 5 and seven hub genes, namely, MCM4, BIRC5, CDC20, CDC25C, FOXM1, GTSE1, and RFC4, playing an important role in the PPI network were screened out. In this study, we obtained the hub genes and pathways related to LUAD, revealing the molecular mechanism and pathogenesis of LUAD, which is helpful for the early detection of LUAD and provides a new idea for the treatment of LUAD.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129008162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Classification of Psychopathic Personality Trait from Social Media Text Using Deep Learning Model","authors":"Junaid Asghar, Saima Akbar, M. Asghar, B. Ahmad, Mabrook S. Al-Rakhami, A. Gumaei","doi":"10.1155/2021/5512241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5512241","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, there is a digital era, where social media sites like Facebook, Google, Twitter, and YouTube are used by the majority of people, generating a lot of textual content. The user-generated textual content discloses important information about people’s personalities, identifying a special type of people known as psychopaths. The aim of this work is to classify the input text into psychopath and nonpsychopath traits. Most of the existing work on psychopath’s detection has been performed in the psychology domain using traditional approaches, like SRPIII technique with limited dataset size. Therefore, it motivates us to build an advanced computational model for psychopath’s detection in the text analytics domain. In this work, we investigate an advanced deep learning technique, namely, attention-based BILSTM for psychopath’s detection with an increased dataset size for efficient classification of the input text into psychopath vs. nonpsychopath classes.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114241617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview on Analyzing Deep Learning and Transfer Learning Approaches for Health Monitoring","authors":"Yiting Wang, S. Nazir, M. Shafiq","doi":"10.1155/2021/5552743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5552743","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise and advancement of technology, early detection and involvement in health-associated monitoring through home control are growing with population aging. The expansion of healthy life expectations is progressively significant due to the speedy aging of the world population. The patient requires early and home-based treatment to detect and prevent disease on time and with less effort. Home-based health monitoring has been considered the need of a smart home. The services of health monitoring can facilitate the patient by collecting and analyzing the data of health for tackling diverse complex issues of health at a large scale. Health monitoring is a sustainable progression of clinical trials for ensuring that health is monitored according to the defined protocol and standard operating procedures. Various scenarios can be considered for monitoring health and are performed through experts of the field. Healthcare systems are having large-scale infrastructure of electronic devices, medical information systems, wearable and smart devices, medical records, and handheld devices. The growth in medical infrastructure, combined with the development of computational approaches in healthcare, has empowered practitioners and researchers to devise a novel solution in the innovative spectra. A detailed report of the existing literature in terms of deep learning and transfer learning is the dire need and facilitating of modern healthcare. To overcome these limitations, therefore, the proposed study presents a comprehensive review of the existing approaches, techniques, and methods associated with deep learning and transfer learning for health monitoring. This review will help researchers to formulate new ideas for facilitating healthcare based on the existing evidence.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121089721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Prospective Plant Compounds as H1R and CL1R Inhibitors and Its Antiallergic Efficacy through Molecular Docking Approach","authors":"Hasan Zulfiqar, M. Masoud, Hui Yang, Shu-Guang Han, Cheng-Yan Wu, Hao Lin","doi":"10.1155/2021/6683407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6683407","url":null,"abstract":"Allergens have the ability to enter the body and cause illness. Leukotriene is the widespread allergen which could stimulate mast cells to discharge histamine which causes allergy symptoms. An effective strategy for treating leukotriene-induced allergy is to find the inhibitors of leukotriene or histamine activity from phytochemicals. For this purpose, a library of 8,500 phytochemicals was generated using MOE software. The structures of histamine-1 receptor and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 were predicted by the homology modeling method through the SWISS model. The phytochemicals were docked with predicted structures of histamine-1 and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 in MOE software to determine the binding affinity of the phytochemicals against the targets. Moreover, chemoinformatics properties and ADMET of phytochemicals were assessed to find the drug likeness behavior of compounds. Compound ID 10054216 has the lowest \u0000 \u0000 S\u0000 \u0000 -score value for H-1 receptor that is -18.9186 kcal/mol which is lower than the value of standard -15.167 kcal/mol. The other compounds 393471, 71448939, 10722577, and 442614 also showed good \u0000 \u0000 S\u0000 \u0000 -score values than the standard. Moreover, compound ID 11843082 has the lowest \u0000 \u0000 S\u0000 \u0000 -score value for CL1R that is -15.481 kcal/mol which is lower than the value of standard -12.453 kcal/mol. The other compounds 72284, 5282102, 66559251, and 102506430 also showed good \u0000 \u0000 S\u0000 \u0000 -score values than the standard. In this research article, we performed molecular docking to find the best inhibitors against H1R and CL1R and their antiallergic efficacy. This in silico knowledge will be helpful in near future for the design of novel, safe, and less costing H-1 receptor and CL1R inhibitors with the aim to improve human life quality.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114193613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the Dynamics of Campylobacteriosis Using Nonstandard Finite Difference Approach with Optimal Control","authors":"Shaibu Osman, Houénafa Alain Togbenon, D. Otoo","doi":"10.1155/2020/8843299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8843299","url":null,"abstract":"Campylobacter genus is the bacteria responsible for campylobacteriosis infections, and it is the commonest cause of gastroenteritis in adults and infants. The disease is hyperendemic in children in most parts of developing countries. It is a zoonotic disease that can be contracted via direct contact, food, and water. In this paper, we formulated a deterministic model for Campylobacteriosis as a zoonotic disease with optimal control and to determine the best control measure. The nonstandard finite difference scheme was used for the model analysis. The disease-free equilibrium of the scheme in its explicit form was determined, and it was shown to be both locally and globally asymptotically stable. The campylobacteriosis model was extended to optimal control using prevention of susceptible humans contracting the disease and treatment of infected humans and animals. The objective function was optimised, and it was established that combining prevention of susceptible humans and treatment of infected animals was the effective control measure in combating campylobacteriosis infections. An analysis of the effects of contact between susceptible and infected animals as well susceptible and infected humans was conducted. It showed an increase in infected animals and humans whenever the contact rate increases and decreases otherwise. Biologically, it implies that campylobacteriosis infections can be controlled by ensuring that interactions among susceptible humans, infected animals, and infected humans is reduced to the barest minimum.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121298385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Further Study on Multiperiod Health Diagnostics Methodology under a Single-Valued Neutrosophic Set","authors":"Jason Chou, Yi-Fong Lin, Scott Shu-Cheng Lin","doi":"10.1155/2020/6093545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6093545","url":null,"abstract":"Employing the concept and function of tangency with similarity measures and counterpart distances for reliable medical consultations has been extensively studied in the past decades and results in lots of isomorphic measures for application. We compared the majority of such isomorphic measures proposed by various researchers and classified them into (a) maximum norm and (b) one-norm categories. Moreover, we found that previous researchers used monotonic functions to transform an identity function and resulted in complicated expressions. In this study, we provide a theoretical foundation to explain the isomorphic nature of a newer measure proposed by the following research paper against its studied existing one in deriving the same pattern recognition results. Specifically, this study initially proposes two similarity measures using maximum norm, arithmetic mean, and aggregation operators and followed by a detailed discussion on their mathematical characteristics. Subsequently, a simplified version of such measures is presented for easy application. This study completely covers two previous methods to point out that the complex approaches used were unnecessary. The findings will help physicians, patients, and their family members to obtain a proper medical diagnosis during multiple examinations.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130395074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Approach to the Computation of the Euler Number by means of the Vertex Chain Code","authors":"E. Bribiesca, U. Braumann, Ángel Carrillo-Bermejo, Juan Humberto Sossa Azuela","doi":"10.1155/2020/5632159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5632159","url":null,"abstract":"We present an approach to compute the number of holes in binary images using the Vertex Chain Code (VCC); the VCC was developed for representing and analyzing 2D shapes composed of cells. Using this code, it is possible to relate the outer to inner vertices of any 2D shape and to find interesting properties. Now, in this paper, we describe more properties of the VCC, such as the computation of the connected regions in a hole, the analysis of complementary chains, the computation of the number of holes in a binary shape or image, the computation of the Euler number, and the detection of convex and concave shapes. Finally, in order to illustrate the capabilities of proposed methods, we present the computation of topological properties of examples of objects of the real world.","PeriodicalId":182719,"journal":{"name":"Comput. Math. Methods Medicine","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115657598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}