Aljawhara H. Almuqrin , Chaitali V. More , Shrikant Biradar , K.A. Mahmoud , M.I. Sayyed
{"title":"Boosting the optical and gamma-ray shielding features of borate glasses by doping with various concentrations of yttrium and samarium oxides","authors":"Aljawhara H. Almuqrin , Chaitali V. More , Shrikant Biradar , K.A. Mahmoud , M.I. Sayyed","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates borate glass enhanced with PbO<sub>2</sub> and rare-earth dopants Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> for dual optical and γ-ray shielding purposes. Increasing the PbO<sub>2</sub>+Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>+Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content increased the density (3.937–4.536 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) and molar volume (25.929–26.529 cm<sup>3</sup>/mol), while leading to a 3.126 to 2.931 eV optical direct band gap reduction and a 2.764 to 2.529 eV indirect band gap reduction, and raising the refractive index (2.443–2.503). The γ-ray shielding performance was evaluated via linear attenuation coefficients (LACs), effective atomic numbers (Z<sub>eff</sub>), and radiation protection efficiencies (RPEs) across 0.015–10 MeV. The highest doped glass (YSm1.0) showed LAC reductions of 98.3 % (photoelectric) and 93.41 % (Compton), outperforming RS 253. Increased dopant levels also raised density (3.937–4.536 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), Z<sub>eff</sub> (53.891–60.572), and RPEs (80.233–90.723 % at 0.2 MeV). Greater thickness enhanced shielding, with RPEs increasing from 6.878 % to 57.479 % at 1 MeV (0.25–3 cm). These results confirm YSm-doped glasses as promising materials for radiation shielding and optical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 113807"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivani Soni , Akhilesh Kumar , Edward Prabu Amaladass , Jegadeesan P , S. Amirthapandian , Kishore K. Madapu , Ramanathaswamy Pandian , Awadhesh Mani
{"title":"Charge compensation by phase segregated Sb2Se3 phase in Bi1.95Sb0.05Se3 topological insulator thin films","authors":"Shivani Soni , Akhilesh Kumar , Edward Prabu Amaladass , Jegadeesan P , S. Amirthapandian , Kishore K. Madapu , Ramanathaswamy Pandian , Awadhesh Mani","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the charge compensation in Sb-doped Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> thin films by the segregated Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> phase. Films were deposited on Si/SiO₂ substrates via pulsed laser deposition at different laser fluences varying from 1.25 J-cm⁻² to 3.25 J-cm⁻². GI-XRD confirms the rhombohedral structure of Bi<sub>1.95</sub>Sb<sub>0.05</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> along with a secondary Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> phase. The phase fraction of the Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> diminishes with increasing laser fluence. The film deposited at the lower fluence exhibits a bulk-insulating behavior, with a reduction in carrier density by one order. Magnetoconductivity analysis using the Hikami–Larkin–Nagaoka equation shows that α value decreases from 5 to 0.5, and the phase coherence exponent γ varies from 0.92 to 0.37 with decreasing fluence, indicating the suppression of bulk conduction channels. STM-IV studies reveal an increase in the band gap from 0.197 eV to 0.32 eV as the phase fraction of Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 113805"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenlong Liu, Jianbo Wang, Jiahua Wei, Di Li, Jin Zong, Qibin Yuan
{"title":"Enhanced multiferroic properties of Bi0.89Tb0.11Fe0.96Mn0.02Co0.02O3/Zn1-xNixFe2O4 bilayer thin films by Ni2+-doped magnetic functional layer","authors":"Wenlong Liu, Jianbo Wang, Jiahua Wei, Di Li, Jin Zong, Qibin Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of multifunctional electronic components, multiferroic material which possesses both ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism has important application prospect. Here, the Bi<sub>0.89</sub>Tb<sub>0.11</sub>Fe<sub>0.96</sub>Mn<sub>0.02</sub>Co<sub>0.02</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Zn<sub>1-x</sub>Ni<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (BTFMCO/ZN<sub>x</sub>FO) bilayer thin films (<em>x</em> = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) are fabricated by the sol-gel spin-coating technique. The influence of ZN<sub>x</sub>FO magnetic layer on the structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and ferromagnetic properties of the bilayer thin films is systematically investigated. The BTFMCO/ZN<sub>0.2</sub>FO bilayer exhibits the lowest surface roughness (Ra=1.44 nm), a markedly reduced Fe<sup>2+</sup>concentration and minimized oxygen vacancy density, leading to a suppressed leakage current density of 3.7 × 10<sup>–4</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup> at 200 kV/cm. Consequently, enhanced multiferroic properties with a ferroelectric remnant polarization (2P<sub>r</sub>) of 118.5 µC/cm² and saturation magnetization (M<sub>s</sub>) of 63.2 emu/cm³, respectively, are observed in the BTFMCO/ZN<sub>0.2</sub>FO sample. These findings reveal that interfacial modulation via Ni<sup>2+</sup>-doped ZN<sub>x</sub>FO layers is an effective strategy to simultaneously enhance ferroelectric and ferromagnetic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 113802"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Swetha P , M.S. Ashifa , Kishore Sridharan , T.H. Mohamed Shahin , Sindhu Swaminathan
{"title":"Near–zero epsilon response and variable negative permittivity of flexible PVA-graphite metacomposites for absorption dominant electromagnetic interference shielding","authors":"Swetha P , M.S. Ashifa , Kishore Sridharan , T.H. Mohamed Shahin , Sindhu Swaminathan","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is tremendous interest in intrinsic metamaterials exhibiting negative permittivity, due to their potential applications in the electromagnetic field. In this investigation, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–graphite flakes (G) metacomposites were fabricated using die-casting method, with varying graphite flake concentrations. Epsilon-near-zero behavior was observed in the composite containing 1 wt% graphite flakes (-0.71). A higher concentration of graphite particles maintained negative permittivity throughout the tested frequency range. 3 wt% graphite flake loading changes hopping conduction into metal-like conduction. These metacomposites offer a new framework for constructing materials with weakly and controllably negative permittivity, thereby simplifying their application in microwave absorption and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. A high positive permittivity and minimal dielectric loss were observed in a double-layer composite structure, sandwiched between two layers exhibiting negative and positive permittivity. Furthermore, EMI shielding was thoroughly discussed in the X-band region with a shielding efficiency of –37 dB with 2.5 wt% graphite flakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 113799"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluorometric Zn2+ detection with gallic acid passivated Fe-Ag bimetallic nanocomposites","authors":"Ankita Doi , Mamta Sahu , Priyanka Sharma , Mainak Ganguly","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuning of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) involving silver nanoparticle surface and weak fluorophore for nano-sensing is an active area of research. Gallic acid-capped iron nanoparticles could generate strong MEF by introducing Ag<sup>+</sup> in the reaction mixture, and Zn<sup>2+</sup> quenched fluorescence exclusively. Thus, gallic acid-capped FeAg nanocomposite performed as an ideal sensing platform for the detection of Zn<sup>2+</sup> (limit of detection 1 × 10<sup>−6</sup> M, linear detection range 5 × 10<sup>−9</sup> to 5× 10<sup>−6</sup>M). Improved scattering cross section at ideal distance (5–90 nm), lightning rod effect, and higher rate of emission are attributed to silver-enhanced fluorescence. On the contrary, Zn<sup>2+</sup> induced quenching was associated with the formation of the lossy surface wave due to energy transfer from the metal surface and fluorophore towards ZnO, following the radiating plasmon model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 113798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tawfiq Alsulami, Basim M Alohali, Suleiman A Althawab, Abdulhakeem Alzahrani
{"title":"Fluorescent detection of antibiotics in dairy products and household water using biocompatible doped carbon dots","authors":"Tawfiq Alsulami, Basim M Alohali, Suleiman A Althawab, Abdulhakeem Alzahrani","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The identification of antibiotic residues in food and water is essential for public health and environmental protection. This study involved the synthesis of carbon dots (ADCDs) utilizing <span>l</span>-arginine and diethylenetriamine as nitrogen-rich precursors to amplify fluorescence characteristics. The structural and chemical content of ADCDs was validated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirming effective doping and surface functionalization. The synthesized H<img>CDs demonstrated robust fluorescence, superior water dispersibility, and remarkable photostability, facilitating the selective detection of ampicillin in milk and tap water. The study of the actual sample exhibited elevated recovery rates (82.00 %–98.77 %) alongside a low relative standard deviation (RSD), so validating the sensor's precision and consistency. MTT assays and fibroblast proliferation analysis demonstrated over 80 % cell viability, confirming the biosafety of the nanomaterial. The integration of green synthesis, intrinsic doping and fluorescence-based sensing offers a cost-effective and efficient method for antibiotic monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 113796"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Praveen Kumar Singh , Himanshu Verma , Roman Dabrowski , Ravindra Dhar , Soumik Das
{"title":"Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes in nematic liquid crystals: Enhancing thermodynamic and electro-optical performance","authors":"Praveen Kumar Singh , Himanshu Verma , Roman Dabrowski , Ravindra Dhar , Soumik Das","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into liquid crystals (LCs) offers dual benefits: promoting CNT alignment and enhancing LC phase order a key for advanced technologies. We present results that examine the effects of pristine and functionalized multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) on the thermodynamic, optical, dielectric, and electro-optical properties of a nematic LC mixture. Functionalization significantly improves CNT dispersion, leading to superior performance across various parameters. The isotropic–nematic transition temperature increases consistently with functionalized MWCNTs, while pristine MWCNTs show a non-monotonic trend. A notable reduction in the optical band gap in functionalized composites indicates stronger CNT–LC interactions. Dielectric anisotropy and conductivity are also enhanced in functionalized systems, contrasting with a decline in pristine composites at higher concentrations. Electro-optical studies—threshold voltage, splay elastic constant, and rotational viscosity—further highlight the improved behavior of functionalized nanocomposites. Overall, this work demonstrates the promise of functionalized CNT–LC composites for high-performance electro-optical applications and overcomes dispersion challenges seen with pristine CNTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 113797"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural, magnetic, electrical and shielding behaviors of multi-oxide ceramic reinforced Al2024 composites","authors":"Muharrem Pul , Rüstem Yılmazel , Esra Uyar , Tuncay Şimşek , Elif Külekçi","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the electrical, magnetic, radiation, and structural properties of structures obtained by adding different ceramicoxides to the commercially available Al2024 alloy were investigated. It was observed that the ceramicoxide particles added to the aluminum affected the structural properties of the composite. XRD analysis showed that secondary phases were successfully incorporated into the Al2024 matrix without the formation of intermetallic particles. When the electromagnetic wave absorptions of the samples were examined, it was observed that the best absorption was in the ZrO<sub>2</sub>-doped sample. In electrical conductivity measurements, the lowest electrical resistivity value was observed in the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-doped sample. It was observed that radiation shielding performance varies depending on both the energy of the gamma photon and the type of doped ceramic oxide. According to the radiation shielding values determined by the gamma spectrometer with an HPGe detector, the best radiation shielding property was obtained from the Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-doped sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 113795"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. M. Issa Shams , Manjunatha , A.S. Bennal , M.I. Sayyed
{"title":"Correlated experimental and theoretical study of PbO2BaO-CaO-B2O3Gd2O3 glasses with varying PbO2/CaO ratios for gamma-radiation protection","authors":"A. M. Issa Shams , Manjunatha , A.S. Bennal , M.I. Sayyed","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the PbO<sub>2</sub>-BaO-CaO-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> glass system, focusing on how varying PbO<sub>2</sub>/CaO composition ratios influence gamma-radiation shielding performance. The combined FTIR and XRD results establish that the samples retain their amorphous nature while undergoing significant short-range structural modifications. Both experimental measurements and theoretical modelling using Phy-X/PSD software were employed to assess mass attenuation coefficients (G<sub>MAC</sub>), linear attenuation coefficients (G<sub>LAC</sub>), half-value layer (G<sub>HVL</sub>), mean free path (G<sub>MFP</sub>), transmission factor (TF), and radiation protection efficiency (RPF) across gamma energies of 356, 511, 661.7, 1173.2, 1274.5, and 1332.5 keV. Experimental G<sub>MAC</sub> values closely aligned with theoretical data, with deviations under 6 %, validating the experimental approach. The present study outcomes reveal that increasing PbO<sub>2</sub>/CaO content enhances gamma shielding by raising density and photon interaction, with Pb15Ca16 showing superior attenuation, lowest HVL, TF and RPE above 50 % at 1 cm for 356 keV. These findings highlight Pb15Ca16 as a promising candidate for radiation shielding applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 113792"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oxygen driven defect and spin engineering in Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3–δ at high temperatures","authors":"A.M. Shalamova , D.A. Shishkin , A.Yu. Suntsov","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-stiochiometric Ba<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3–</sub><em><sub>δ</sub></em> oxide and its aluminum doped derivative were synthesized via combustion of organometallic precursors. The oxygen content was measured with temperature/oxygen partial pressure by thermogravimetry and coulometric titration techniques. A consistent defect formation model was developed for the first time. Aluminum doping was shown to reduce oxygen content and promote cobalt reduction. The model incorporates the coexistence of energetically non-equivalent oxygen sites, which were explicitly utilized in simulations. Functional dependencies of equilibrium defect concentrations, derived directly from the proposed defect structure, enable deep analysis of spin distribution over the 3d cations. Analysis of <em>in-situ</em> temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements directly linked spin configurations of Co and Fe ions to their local environment. The validated model provides a fundamental basis for the rational design of functional cobaltite perovskites for high-temperature redox and ion transport applications and offers a tool for interpreting future transport property studies and thermal expansion behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 113794"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}