Materials Advances最新文献

{"title":"Mapping the l-tryptophan capped copper nanocluster mediated binding and targeted pH-responsive release of doxorubicin via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)†","authors":"Aarya, Anna Sebastian, Kavya P., Indrajit Bhattacharjee, Abhishek S. Shekhawat, Bibhu Ranjan Sarangi and Supratik Sen Mojumdar","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00397K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00397K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Targeted delivery and controlled release of anticancer drugs pose significant challenges in effective cancer therapy. In this study, we developed a tryptophan-capped copper nanocluster (Trp-Cu NC) as a nano-drug carrier for the selective and pH-responsive release of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox). The Trp-Cu NC exhibits substantial spectral overlap with Dox, forming an efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair that enables precise monitoring of drug binding interactions through both steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Upon increasing the Dox concentration (∼160 μM), the photoluminescence (PL) intensity and the lifetime of the Trp-Cu NC (donor) decreased significantly, indicating enhanced FRET efficiency (<em>E</em><small>_FRET</small>) and reduced donor–acceptor distance (<em>r</em><small>_DA</small>). The interaction between Trp-Cu NC and Dox under neutral pH resulted in the formation of a Trp-Cu NC–Dox nanoconjugate of diameter ∼24.7 ± 1.1 nm meeting the size criterion suitable for good drug delivery performance. Under acidic conditions (pH 5.5), mimicking the tumor microenvironment, the Trp-Cu NC–Dox nanoconjugate dissociated back to the nanocluster (diameter ∼2.7 ± 0.1 nm) releasing the drug, which translated into a remarkable increase in the Trp-Cu NC (donor) lifetime followed by a decreased <em>E</em><small>_FRET</small>. Such a phenomenon was absent under physiological pH 7.4, making the Trp-Cu NC a suitable nano-carrier for targeted drug release in cancer cells. The cytotoxicity studies further corroborate that Trp-Cu NC can selectively release Dox to the cancer cells enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the drug by ∼3.6-fold, concurrently decreasing its toxicity appreciably towards normal cells. Overall, these findings substantiate an easy and economical strategy to develop a novel nano-drug carrier that offers selectivity and improved drug-release performance, potentially overcoming the systemic toxicity associated with conventional chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 14","pages":" 4714-4724"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00397k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly photoluminescent carbon dots: a multifunctional platform for pH sensing, nano thermometry, and mercury(ii) detection","authors":"Mouna Fhoula, Ikhlas Kchaou, Christian Hernández-Álvarez, Mohamed Dammak, Sami Boufi and Inocencio R. Martín","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00250H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00250H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Carbon dots (CDs), a class of heavy-metal-free fluorescent nanomaterials, have attracted significant attention due to their excellent optical properties, chemical stability, low toxicity, and biocompatibility. In this study, highly photoluminescent N-CDs with small sizes and exceptional quantum yields (up to 90%) were successfully synthesized using citric acid and tri-(2-aminoethyl)amine <em>via</em> a hydrothermal method. The synthesized N-CDs exhibit a single emission band at 450 nm under 380 nm excitation and dual emission bands at 460 nm and 581 nm under 258 nm excitation. Notably, their fluorescence emission spectra display strong temperature dependence and pH-responsive behaviour, rendering them highly versatile as nano thermometric devices. Specifically, their emission intensity demonstrates remarkable sensitivity across the temperature range of 298–343 K, enabling precise thermal measurements. Moreover, these N-CDs function effectively as pH sensors, further expanding their utility. Additionally, the fluorescence of the N-CDs is rapidly and selectively enhanced in the presence of Hg<small>²⁺</small> ions at room temperature, without requiring any surface modification. This enhancement exhibits a linear relationship within the concentration range of 0–10 μM, with a detection limit as low as 0.46 μM. These findings highlight the multifunctional nature of the synthesized N-CDs, which hold great promise for applications in pH sensing, nano thermometry, and the specific detection of mercury ions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 4325-4336"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00250h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring electromagnetic interference shielding properties in sandwich architectures made with low-concentration multi-walled CNT–reinforced PDMS†","authors":"Pavithra Ananthasubramanian, Pritom J. Bora, Chandana Gadadasu, Praveen C. Ramamurthy and Nagarajan Raghavan","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00120J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00120J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study presents a strategically designed multilayered polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposite reinforced with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), designed for absorption predominant electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The layered configuration achieves a shielding effectiveness (SE<small>_<em>T</em></small>) of ∼25 dB across the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) and Ku-band (12.4–18 GHz) at a minimal thickness of 0.7 mm, significantly outperforming conventional designs. Electromagnetic simulations predict an improved SE<small>_<em>T</em></small> of ∼35 dB (∼99.99% attenuation) at 3.5 mm thickness, with absorption accounting for ∼80% of the SE<small>_<em>T</em></small>, indicating its efficiency. The interface-rich architecture enhances interfacial polarization, a key mechanism in achieving high shielding efficiency. A green shielding material with 1 wt% MWCNT achieves ∼15 dB SE<small>_<em>T</em></small> (&gt;90% shielding), with a reflection component (SE<small>_<em>R</em></small>) of less than 3 dB and a green shielding index (<em>g</em><small>_s</small>) ≥ 1, demonstrating excellent EMI shielding performance. The self-assembled MWCNT networks improve interfacial density, leveraging impedance mismatches and energy transfer mechanisms to maximize absorption. This design enables the facile solution processing of high-performance EMI shielding materials at low filler concentrations, with tunable layer orientations and thicknesses to meet electromagnetic application-specific requirements. The approach provides a scalable and efficient pathway to address the increasing demand for advanced EMI shielding solutions. Despite challenges related to scalability and anisotropy, this work represents a significant step toward the development of environmentally conscious, high-performance EMI shielding materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 4299-4312"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00120j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From rheological concepts to additive manufacturing assessment of hydrogel-based materials for advanced bioprinting applications","authors":"M. Itxaso Calafel, Miryam Criado-Gonzalez, Robert Aguirresarobe, Mercedes Fernández and Carmen Mijangos","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00019J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00019J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrogels have emerged as highly attractive polymer-based materials owing to their unique solid–liquid rheological duality, which allows their use in 3D extrusion and inkjet printing, particularly in the field of biomedical applications. The dynamic moduli (storage modulus, <em>G</em>′, and loss modulus, <em>G</em>′′), relaxation modulus, shear-thinning behaviour, thixotropy, viscoelasticity, and yield stress are the most commonly employed rheological concepts for hydrogel applications in 3D/4D additive manufacturing. Extrusion, inkjet printing, and stereolithography are the most studied manufacturing technologies for hydrogel bioprinting applications. Moreover, hydrogels exhibit a combination of cohesive properties of solids and the transport characteristics of liquids. Their rheological behaviour, however, varies depending on whether they are chemically cross-linked, showing a pure solid elastic behaviour, or physically crosslinked, showing viscoelastic behaviour. While rheology reveals much information about the flow behaviour of liquids or deformation behaviour of solids, it is not as obvious as to anticipate the printability of hydrogels. Therefore, a deep understanding of rheological principles and their correlation with printability is essential. This review begins summarizing various polymer hydrogels. Subsequently, the definition and description of the most employed concepts, namely relaxation modulus, storage, and loss moduli, and many others, are necessary to understand and associate the feasibility of hydrogels for a particular bioprinting process. This review mainly addresses: (i) rheological determination of the processing window for direct ink writing (DIW), (ii) rheological restrictions for printing beyond direct ink writing (DIW), and (iii) vat photopolymerization bioprinting and the biological implications of bioprinting. Finally, all the above concepts are illustrated with a few examples of biomedical applications of 3D/4D printed hydrogels.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 14","pages":" 4566-4597"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00019j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in resistive switching memory: comprehensive insights into ECM mechanisms through TEM observations and analysis","authors":"Woonbae Sohn, Hyerim Kim, Jung Hun Lee, Young-Seok Shim, Cheon Woo Moon and Hyojung Kim","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00337G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00337G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The information age requires improved devices, especially performance and output, due to data processing, power consumption, flexibility, multifunctionality, cost efficiency, and fabrication technologies. Examining resistive switching properties indicated that the conductive filament mechanism and the movement of ions from dielectric layers or electrodes play a crucial role in facilitating resistive switching. Despite extensive studies employing various materials to clarify the resistance switching in memory devices, the fundamental mechanisms still need to be more adequately understood. In ECM, metal cations move from a top electrode that shows electrochemical activity, creating conductive metal filaments. The complex nature of ion migration at the nanoscale and the associated redox reaction in resistive switching require a thorough understanding through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). <em>In situ</em> TEM enables the real-time observation of resistive switching dynamics, highlighting the limitations of static <em>ex situ</em> TEM. The observation of filament formation <em>via</em> TEM facilitates atomic-resolution investigations into the real-time evolution of nanostructures within resistive switching memory systems. Understanding resistive switching behavior may improve the performance and reliability of memory devices. This assessment can be gained from applying electrodes featuring resistive switching material systems for ECM, which aim to advance the development of universal nonvolatile memory devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 4158-4173"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00337g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ synthesis of 3D ZIF-8 on 2D MXene nanosheets for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB)†","authors":"Francis Ashamary, P. Catherine Neba, S. Harivarsha, Atchudan Raji, Padmanaban Annamalai, Mohamed Gamal Mohamed, Pramod Kalambate, Pandi Muthirulan, Shiao-Wei Kuo and Devaraj Manoj","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00340G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00340G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Organic dyes such as methylene blue (MB), commonly discharged from the textile and paper industries, pose a serious hazard to aquatic ecosystems and human beings. Developing efficient strategies for dye degradation <em>via</em> photocatalytic processes is, therefore, of urgent importance. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising photocatalysts owing to their high surface areas, tunable porosity, and structural diversity. However, the large band gap of pristine MOFs (typically &gt;4.9 eV) often results in poor visible-light absorption and high charge recombination, limiting their practical applicability. Here, we report the <em>in situ</em> growth of three-dimensional zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) on two-dimensional Ti<small>₃</small>C<small>₂</small> MXene nanosheets (ZIF-8@Ti<small>₃</small>C<small>₂</small>) <em>via</em> a facile precipitation strategy. The resulting 3D/2D hybrid architecture enhances light absorption, as confirmed by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and significantly narrows the band gap to 2.1 eV, substantially lower than that of pristine ZIF-8 (5.0 eV). Under visible light irradiation, the ZIF-8@Ti<small>₃</small>C<small>₂</small> MXene heterostructure achieves a methylene blue degradation efficiency of 95% within 120 minutes, outperforming its components. This work presents a robust platform for engineering MOF-based heterostructures, offering a promising avenue toward sustainable photocatalytic water purification.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 14","pages":" 4660-4671"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00340g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of a polypyrrole-functionalized biogenic Mg(OH)2@MgO immunosensor, synthesized using Graptopetalum paraguayense leaf extract, for selective and efficient impedimetric detection of cholecalciferol (Vit-D3)†","authors":"Sarita Shaktawat, Surendra K. Yadav and Jay Singh","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00189G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00189G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Vitamin D has gained significant global attention for its potential to prevent chronic conditions such as cancer, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis. However, there are still no convenient techniques for interpreting the concentration Vit-D<small>₃</small> in humans for diagnosis and monitoring. In this study, a B–Mg(OH)<small>₂</small>/MgO/PPy nanocomposite was hydrothermally synthesized using fresh leaves of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant <em>Graptopetalum paraguyense</em>, and confirmed by optoelectronic techniques. It is possible that this sustainable, chip-based, cost-efficient and cost-sensitive impedance biosensor can be used to quantify vitamin D3 concentration in humans. In this process, a sustainable BSA/Ab Vit-D/B–Mg(OH)<small>₂</small>@MgO/PPy NCs/ITO biosensor was fabricated that has neutral linker properties for immobilization of the antibody of Vit-D. The electrochemical performance of the biosensor was studied by EIS with linearity in the Δ<em>R</em><small>_ct</small> value over the wide range of 1–200 nM with a limit of detection (LoD) of (0.026 nM) and sensitivity of 1.40 Ω nM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small>. This ultrasensitive biosensor has excellent stability, reusability, a fast response time, and precise selectivity. Further validation of fabricated biosensors of Vit-D<small>₃</small> was undertaken in real serum and spiked serum samples for a diagnostic approach. Therefore, the proposed sustainable, cost-effective, and sensitive biosensor shows promise for point-of-care diagnosis of vitamin-D-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 4286-4298"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00189g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated perovskite discovery: screening new catalysts for photocatalytic methylene blue degradation†","authors":"Poulami Mukherjee, Yohei Cho, Phulkerd Panitha and Toshiaki Taniike","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00345H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00345H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The diversified use of metal oxides within several disciplines underlines their flexibility in various catalytic processes and innovations in materials science. Due to their tailored functionality, improved stability, and enhanced conductivity, multimetallic oxides offer a wider range of applications compared to single-metal counterparts. Among them, perovskites stand out, being a class suitable for various applications, including photocatalysis. One among them is the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB), a process increasingly recognized for its importance in environmental remediation and water purification. Herein, we present a simple, economical, and easily adaptable high-throughput experimental approach to synthesize and evaluate a wide array of citric acid-assisted perovskite compositions for photocatalytic degradation. Our high-throughput approach not only addresses the bottleneck of catalyst preparation but also expands the scope of photocatalysis research by incorporating computational screening of less-explored perovskite compositions. The obtained data will serve as a valuable reference for the development of next-generation catalysts, as we have drawn a correlation between material properties and their performance. Moreover, the synthetic methodology, if adopted, enables the synthesis of any kind of metal oxides for applications ranging from homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis to broader domains of materials science.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 14","pages":" 4680-4686"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00345h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards additive manufacturing of semiconducting polymers: hot-melt extrusion of PCL:P3HT blends†","authors":"Jiayi Chen, Nahel Blanc and Audrey Laventure","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00326A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00326A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Additive manufacturing of organic π-conjugated compounds <em>via</em> dry processing remains an ongoing challenge due to the unique thermo-mechanical properties of these materials. In this study, we propose the use of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), a thermoplastic polymer well-suited for hot-melt extrusion, as a matrix to facilitate the extrusion of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT). We investigate the PCL–P3HT blends as a model to better understand its behavior during hot-melt extrusion. Thermal and rheological characterizations enable us to identify a “printability window”, defined as the temperature range (80–140 °C) where the blends exhibit optimal rheological properties for extrusion. Within this temperature range, the blends demonstrate shear thinning and thixotropic behavior, ensuring suitable printability and high print fidelity. The blends exhibit a composite-like behavior, with P3HT maintaining its aggregated state throughout the processing within this temperature range. The microstructure of the extruded architectures is characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, revealing characteristic bands at 520, 580, and 610 nm, indicative of aggregated P3HT. Further confirmation of the P3HT aggregation state is provided by optical and fluorescence microscopy, as well as AFM-IR analyses conducted on both the surface and cross-section of the extruded architectures highlighting the sub-micron-scale phase separation between PCL and P3HT. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of blending an organic π-conjugated compound, traditionally challenging to process <em>via</em> dry processing, with a thermoplastic matrix commonly used in hot-melt extrusion. This approach successfully combines the flexibility and ease of processing offered by PCL with the semiconducting properties of P3HT, thereby paving the way for the fabrication of more complex and functional 3D-printed optoelectronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 14","pages":" 4804-4816"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00326a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorescence switching via competitive ESIPT and spirolactam ring opening in a multifunctional rhodamine B probe for selective detection of Cu2+ and OCl−: theoretical insights with anticancer and biosensor activity†","authors":"Vishnu S, Avijit Kumar Das, Gouri Karan and Sujata Maiti Choudhury","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00517E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00517E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A multifunctional ESIPT-based rhodamine-derived probe (<strong>BHS</strong>) was synthesized and developed as a colorimetric and fluorometric sensor for the selective detection of copper (Cu<small>²⁺</small>) and hypochlorite (OCl<small>⁻</small>) in aqueous solutions. Initially, <strong>BHS</strong> exhibits intense whitish blue fluorescence due to the active excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism within the molecule. However, upon interaction with Cu<small>²⁺</small> and OCl<small>⁻</small>, noticeable changes in absorption and fluorescence occur, attributed to the inhibition of ESIPT resulting from analyte binding with <strong>BHS</strong>, leading to spirolactam ring opening. Furthermore, significant Stokes shifts in absorption (Δ<em>λ</em> = 34 nm and 170 nm for Cu<small>²⁺</small>, and 163 nm for OCl<small>⁻</small>) and emission (Δ<em>λ</em> = 67 nm for both Cu<small>²⁺</small> and OCl<small>⁻</small>) further confirm this transformation. The spirolactam ring opening is induced by Cu<small>²⁺</small> coordination, whereas for OCl<small>⁻</small>, it is triggered by oxidative cleavage. To explore potential biological applications, fluorescence titration experiments were conducted to study the interactions of the <strong>BHS</strong>–Cu<small>²⁺</small> complex with ct-DNA and the transport protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). Additionally, molecular docking studies were performed to assess these interactions, while DFT calculations were employed to optimize the structures of <strong>BHS</strong> and its Cu<small>²⁺</small> complex. The fluorescence changes of <strong>BHS</strong> in the presence of Cu<small>²⁺</small> and OCl<small>⁻</small> in biological samples have been examined by the anticancer and biosensor activity of <strong>BHS</strong> in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 4499-4512"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00517e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}