Materials Advances最新文献

{"title":"Tuning the antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity of nano-ZnO by metal doping†","authors":"Md. Atikur Rahman, Md. Tanvir Hossain, Md Farid Ahmed, Muhammad Shahriar Bashar, Subarna Sandhani Dey, Samina Ahmed and Md. Sahadat Hossain","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00101C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00101C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The uncontrolled discharge of hospital and pharmaceutical waste pollutes aquatic ecosystems by introducing diverse microorganisms and drug-resistant pathogens that later affect human health, while the release of toxic dyes from textile industries further harms the ecosystem. Nanomaterials, with their multifunctional properties, provide effective solutions for degrading dyes and eliminating harmful microorganisms. In this work, an inexpensive and simple chemical precipitation method was adopted to prepare pure ZnO and Zn<small>_{1−<em>x</em>}</small>M<small>_<em>x</em></small>O nanoparticles doped with metals where M = Ag, Cu, Co, Fe, and Ca, with <em>x</em> set at 0.5. The produced materials were evaluated using a variety of techniques, including XRD, TEM, SEM, and DLS. The results showed that the particle sizes ranged from 92 to 129 nm for all samples, with hydrodynamic diameters of 293 nm for PZO and 383 nm for AgZO. FTIR analysis was used to confirm the formation of Zn–O bonds and assess the purity of the samples. AgZO exhibited significant antibacterial activity among all samples, targeting Gram-positive strains such as <em>B. cereus</em>, <em>L. monocytogenes</em>, and <em>S. aureus</em>, along with Gram-negative <em>E. coli</em>, producing inhibition zones of 10.2 ± 0.35 mm, 11.2 ± 0.29 mm, 10.2 ± 0.29 mm, and 20.8 ± 0.80 mm, respectively. The photocatalytic efficiency in degrading 10 ppm Congo Red (CR) dye reached approximately 95.17%, 94.81%, and 94.81% for CuZO, AgZO, and PZO samples, respectively. The nearly identical band gap energy indicates that the photocatalytic activity of PZO and AgZO NPs is comparable.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 3686-3704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00101c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmonically optimized gold–gallia nanocomposites: a novel approach for high-temperature NO2 detection†","authors":"L. Keerthana, Mushtaq Ahmad Dar, R. Sivasubramanian and Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00151J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00151J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Monitoring gases in harsh environments in real-time has become indispensable across various industries such as nuclear plants, turbines, and boiler plants. Materials capable of withstanding high temperatures are essential for sensing platforms, often operating at temperatures exceeding 300 °C. Localized surface plasmon resonance based optical gas sensing, although promising, has a glaring limitation when sensing analytes that themselves interact with light in wavelength regimes that overlap with the material's resonance, which is remedied in one manner in this report. In this study, we synthesize multiple gold–gallium oxide nanocomposites that were evaluated for their morphological and optical stabilities at high temperatures (800 °C), post which they were tested for NO<small>₂</small> detection at 800 °C, wherein temperature-dependent kinetic studies were conducted first to deconvolute the absorbance of NO<small>₂</small> itself at different temperatures. The findings suggest that gold–gallium oxide nanocomposites prepared using the described solution-based approach show promising applications in high-temperature and extreme environment gas sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 3665-3677"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00151j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-principles study of the ground-state properties of ternary borides with the Ru3B2X (X = Th, U) type structure: a comparative analysis†","authors":"Md. Raihan Islam, Prianka Mondal and Arpon Chakraborty","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00091B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00091B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The distinctive structural, mechanical, electrical, and thermophysical characteristics of the hexagonal Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>X (X = Th, U) compounds make them appropriate for high-temperature and cutting-edge technological applications. Their ground-state features are investigated in this work using density functional theory (DFT). Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>U exhibits higher stability than Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>Th, confirming mechanical stability and advantageous formation in both compounds. Both Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>Th and Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>U show covalent bonding, moderate hardness, and ductility, with Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>Th exhibiting better machinability and greater ductility. Metallic behavior and the characteristic Fermi surface features are highlighted by electronic band structure investigation, with Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>Th exhibiting increased electronic conductivity. Although both compounds show strong covalent connections, uranium and thorium have distinct effects on bonding. Both compounds have high Debye temperatures and melting points indicating their strong bonding and thermal stability. Between the two compounds, Ru<small>₃</small>B<small>₂</small>Th is preferable for thermal insulation. Optical properties show that these compounds behave in an anisotropic manner and have modest reflectivity, which is compatible with their metallic electronic structure. Due to their high optical reflectivity in the infra-red (IR) region, they are also candidates for IR-shielding applications. This thorough analysis emphasizes their potential for uses demanding robust thermal, mechanical, and optical characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 10","pages":" 3293-3313"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00091b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for balancing safety in oxadiazole tetrazole derivatives: the role of the oxime group†","authors":"Parul Saini, Jatinder Singh, Vikranth Thaltiri, Richard J. Staples and Jeanne M. Shreeve","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00150A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00150A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of modern thermostable and insensitive energetic materials is crucial. In this study, straightforward syntheses of thermostable and insensitive 4-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl(1<em>H</em>-tetrazol-5-yl)methanone oxime (<strong>4</strong>) and its energetic salts (<strong>5–7</strong>) are given. These oxime-bridged oxadiazole-tetrazole derivatives exhibit significant thermal stability, with decomposition temperatures 204–275 °C, and demonstrate high insensitivity to impact (IS &gt; 40 J) and friction (FS &gt; 360 N). These significant energetic performance properties can be ascribed to the oxime group positioned between the oxadiazole and tetrazole rings, which promotes robust non-covalent interactions within the molecular geometry. Moreover, the compounds exhibit favorable densities and high heats of formation compared to TNT, RDX, TATB, and HNS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 10","pages":" 3338-3343"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00150a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental materials: CO2-adsorbing clays for enhancing soil fertility and agricultural sustainability†","authors":"Faizah Altaf, Shakeel Ahmed, Shahid Ali, Muhammad Mansha and Safyan Akram Khan","doi":"10.1039/D4MA01246A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4MA01246A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >To combat desertification and climate change, innovative solutions are crucial for restoring the fertility of desert lands and mitigating the adverse effects of global warming. One promising approach involves utilizing carbon dioxide (CO<small>₂</small>), a major greenhouse gas, as a resource to enhance soil fertility. This study explores the transformation of desert sands into fertile land using CO<small>₂</small> adsorbed on clays, offering a novel solution to combat desertification and mitigate climate change. We developed CO<small>₂</small>-enriched fertilizers using the solgel method, and the process involved purifying raw kaolinite followed by CTAB intercalation and impregnation with varying concentrations of polyethyleneimine (PEI) (30 and 50%). The prepared fertilizers were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM to assess their structural and morphological properties. Furthermore, these adsorbents were evaluated for CO<small>₂</small> uptake potential. The highest CO<small>₂</small> adsorption capacity of 167.1 mg g<small>⁻¹</small> was obtained with CKP-50 much higher than unmodified kaolinite (0.901 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>). FTIR analysis confirmed that CO<small>₂</small> adsorption on the prepared fertilizers occurred <em>via</em> chemical interaction with amine groups. The CO<small>₂</small>-enriched clays were mixed with sand in appropriate concentrations to support plant growth in desert lands. The plant growth trial showed significant improvements with PEI impregnated samples, S-CKP-30 and S-CKP-50, which supported taller and healthier plants compared to pure kaolinite (S-PK) and CTAB-modified kaolinite (S-CKP-0). By day 30, plants with S-CKP-50 reached 27.1 cm in height demonstrating enhanced plant growth, especially in arid conditions, by improving moisture retention, nutrient availability, and increased CO<small>₂</small> adsorption. These results showed that our prepared fertilizers, especially S-CKP-50, proved to be the most effective material for CO<small>₂</small> mitigation and promoting plant growth, hence offering a promising approach to desert reclamation and CO<small>₂</small> sequestration simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 10","pages":" 3264-3279"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d4ma01246a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to structure–property relationships in alloys","authors":"Xiaoxiang Wu, Seok Su Sohn, Zhongji Sun and Qingqing Ding","doi":"10.1039/D5MA90027A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA90027A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A graphical abstract is available for this content</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 10","pages":" 3015-3016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma90027a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of magnetic materials bearing Brønsted acid sites – based on the modification of amorphous carbon with ionic liquids as catalysts for synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone derivatives via the Biginelli reaction†","authors":"Thai-Phien Huynh Dang, Thach Ngoc Pham, Phuong Hoang Tran and Hai Truong Nguyen","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00045A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00045A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Biomass is a widely available and renewable natural resource derived from plant and animal materials. In addition to its role as an energy source, it is increasingly recognized as a valuable raw material for synthesizing solid catalysts. These catalysts play a crucial role in various organic synthesis reactions, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional catalyst materials. In this study, by modifying amorphous carbon derived from rice husks with ionic liquid, followed by sulfonation and magnetization with magnetite, we successfully synthesized a solid catalyst Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@AmC/KSO<small>₃</small>H (KS71), which is a magnetic material bearing Brønsted acid sites, for synthesizing dihydropyrimidinone derivatives <em>via</em> the Biginelli reaction. The synthesized catalyst can be easily separated, recovered, and reused without generating or releasing by-products while still providing high efficiency. The dihydropyrimidinone derivatives synthesized <em>via</em> the Biginelli reaction showed remarkable yields with our synthesized catalyst. With a short synthesis time, good yield, and especially being environmentally friendly, the catalyst that we offer is a great substance for reactions taking place during chemical synthesis. The results from analytical instruments such as FT-IR, EDX, ICP-MS, TGA, SEM, VSM, and <small>¹</small>H-NMR, <small>¹³</small>C-NMR spectra have shown that we have successfully synthesized the solid catalyst and dihydropyrimidinone derivatives with good yields, along with ensuring safety according to green chemistry criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 10","pages":" 3314-3330"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00045a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phyto-mechanochemical synthesis of an Ag@GO/CNT catalyst: enhanced hydrogen production via a continuous flow system†","authors":"Fatimah AlSulami, Merfat M. Alsabban, Hadeel M. Banbela, Noushi Zaidi, Sadaf Habib, Dina Hajjar, Arwa A Makki, Ismat Bibi, Tariq Javed, Aysha Afzal and Muhammad Babar Taj","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00136F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00136F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Due to its high energy density and minimal emissions, hydrogen is a promising alternative energy source. For sustainable development, hydrogen production from non-fossil sources is essential. The hydrolysis of sodium borohydride enables rapid hydrogen production on demand, particularly with the aid of a catalyst. Thus, developing efficient and cost-effective catalysts for this process is essential. Herein, a phyto-mechanochemical approach is employed to obtain a material containing silver (Ag), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for use as a high-performance H<small>₂</small> production catalyst at room temperature <em>via</em> the water displacement method. All the samples (Ag NPs, Ag@rGO, and Ag@rGO/CNT) were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The morphological analysis confirmed the presence of mechanochemical Ag NPs uniformly dispersed on the rGO and CNTs. The results revealed that Ag@rGO/CNT exhibited superior particle distribution and porosity characteristics, achieving a high hydrogen generation rate of 4243 mL min<small>⁻¹</small> g<small>_cat</small><small>⁻¹</small>. The activation energy for the sodium borohydride hydrolysis reaction on the Ag@rGO/CNT catalyst was determined to be 7.08 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>, as calculated using the Arrhenius equation and the zero-order reaction model. The catalyst's superior performance is confirmed by its low activation energy compared to Ag NPs and Ag@rGO catalysts. The results of the recycling experiments also showed that, after four repetitive cycles, the catalyst's performance gradually declined with each subsequent cycle. The Ag@rGO/CNT catalyst's previously listed characteristics make it an effective catalyst for the hydrolysis of NaBH<small>₄</small>, resulting in the production of hydrogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 3730-3742"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00136f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pioneering wound care solutions: triaxial wet-spun fibers with bioactive agents for chronic wounds – part I (production and characterization of the triaxial fibers)†","authors":"Catarina S. Miranda, Elina Marinho, Diana Rocha, Carla Silva, M. Manuela P. Silva, Inge Schlapp-Hackl, Wenwen Fang, Michael Hummel, Susana P. G. Costa, Natália C. Homem and Helena P. Felgueiras","doi":"10.1039/D4MA01105H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4MA01105H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Fiber-based constructs have been produced as an alternative to conventional dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds (CWs), showing good tenability, high surface area and regulable porosity. A commonly used technique for processing such dressings is wet-spinning, which involves precipitating a polymer solution into a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent of that polymer. This process produces fibers with varying diameters and morphologies. In this study, we propose to engineer a triaxial wet-spun fibrous system, consisting of three layers, modified with active agents for wound healing applications. The innermost layer (core) was composed of polycaprolactone (PCL), which imparted the fibers with high elasticity and mechanical properties. This layer was blended with cinnamon leaf oil (CLO), enhancing the system with antibacterial and antioxidant capacities. The intermediate layer contained sodium alginate (SA), conferring a moist environment, loaded with the alanine–alanine–proline–valine (AAPV) tetrapeptide, responsible for regulating the local enzymatic activity. The outermost layer, or shell, was composed of cellulose acetate (CA), which conferred high rigidity and porosity to the fibers. This report represents the initial phase of a broader study, concentrating on the evaluation of the morphological, physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the proposed triaxial system. The fibers demonstrated maximum elongations at break exceeding 300%, also achieving tenacities up to 41.40 ± 0.03 MPa. They were also found to maintain their structural integrity when exposed to physiological-like conditions, in which the triaxial fibers achieved 9.61 ± 4.08% mass loss after 28 days of incubation, and to exhibit high thermal stability. Furthermore, all fibers attained porosity between 10 and 60% and a dressing composed of these triaxial wet-spun fibers was successfully knitted, serving as proof of concept for the potential application of these fibers in dressing fabrication. The engineered fibers not only possess high mechanical, thermal and structural stability, but also allow for a sustained and orderly release of two active agents, AAPV and CLO, simultaneously controlling local enzymatic activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and fighting bacterial infections. Overall, the results confirmed the feasibility of the designed wet-spun fibers for future wound healing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 10","pages":" 3237-3252"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d4ma01105h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the shear rate on dispersion characteristics of industrial-based functionalized/non functionalized graphene in an epoxy matrix†","authors":"Sabyasachi Ghosh, Jitendra Bhatia, Amit Gupta, Chandrani Pramanik, Sumit Pratihar and Debabrata Rautaray","doi":"10.1039/D5MA00173K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA00173K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Epoxy resin, widely recognized for its durability and chemical resistance, exhibits superior performance when reinforced with nanofillers, making it ideal for demanding engineering applications. This research aims to explore the state-of-the-art developments in epoxy resin and graphene composites <em>via</em> two industrially feasible approaches, such as mechanical stirring (MS) and a high-speed shearing process (HSS), providing insights into the mechanisms of reinforcement and the resulting improvements in material characteristics. As nano-additives, two varieties of graphene powders—functionalized (Gp-C) and non-functionalized (Gp-A)—are chosen. On fractured surfaces, XRD measurements and electron microscopy (both FESEM and HRTEM) are used to verify the filler dispersion and the creation of a strong interface within the epoxy matrix. The remaining functional groups in Gp-C have the ability to react with anhydride or epoxy groups to produce covalent bonds that improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite by improving interfacial adhesion. On the other hand, Gp-A graphene reduces the composite's overall mechanical properties by producing an uneven dispersion and possible weak spots. We expanded the research by utilizing Gp-A and Gp-C graphenes (tensile strength of 380 ± 20 MPa, around 10% and 420 ± 20 MPa, about 22% improvements) as fillers in glass fiber single-layer epoxy laminates, building on the incorporation of graphene fillers in epoxy resin. The goal was to examine not only the mechanical enhancements but also the antibacterial properties (zone of inhibition (ZOI) values of 1.2 mm<small>²</small> for <em>E. coli</em> and 1.8 mm<small>²</small> for <em>S. aureus</em> in the GNF (Gp-A) laminate and 0.8 mm<small>²</small> for both bacteria in the GF (Gp-C) laminate). The antibacterial efficacy of graphene-coated epoxy laminates was evaluated using CFU (colony-forming unit) testing, where GNF achieved a log reduction of ≥1.61 for <em>E. coli</em> and 0.49 for <em>S. aureus</em>, while GF demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity with log reductions of 1.13 for <em>E. coli</em> and 3.38 for <em>S. aureus</em>, attributed to ROS-mediated oxidative stress and bacterial membrane disruption. This study addresses the challenges in dispersing nano-additives in epoxy resin and highlights innovative industrial development prospects, offering valuable insights for enhancing performance in demanding engineering sectors, including infrastructure, marine, and chemical processing industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 3523-3532"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00173k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}