Marine Drugs最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Biochemical and Molecular Responses of <i>Nannochloropsis gaditana</i> to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Limitation: Phosphorus Limitation Enhances Carotenogenesis.","authors":"Sun Young Kim, Hanbi Moon, Yong Min Kwon, Kyung Woo Kim, Jaoon Young Hwan Kim","doi":"10.3390/md22120567","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Nannochloropsis gaditana</i> is well known for its potential for biofuel production due to its high lipid content. Numerous omics and biochemical studies have explored the overall molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of <i>Nannochloropsis</i> sp. to nutrient availability, primarily focusing on lipid metabolism. However, <i>N. gaditana</i> is able to synthesize other valuable products such as carotenoids, including violaxanthin, which has various biological functions and applications. In this study, we comparatively investigated the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of <i>N. gaditana</i> to nitrogen and phosphorus limitation, examining biomass production, photosynthetic activity, lipid, chlorophyll, and carotenoids content, and RNA-seq data. Nitrogen limitation decreased photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll content, and biomass production but increased lipid content. Phosphorus limitation substantially increased carotenoids content, with violaxanthin productivity of 10.24 mg/L, 3.38-fold greater than under the control condition, with little effect on biomass production or photosynthetic function. These results were generally consistent with the gene expression pattern observed in transcriptomic analysis. This integrated analysis shows that phosphorus limitation can be an economically competitive solution by enhancing valuable carotenoids while maintaining lipid and biomass production in <i>N. gaditana</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Composition, Free Radicals and Pathogenic Microbes in the Extract Derived from <i>Dictyota dichotoma</i>: In Silico and In Vitro Approaches.","authors":"Fouad Oumassi, Khalid Chebbac, Naouar Ben Ali, Soundouss Kaabi, Zineb Nejjar El Ansari, Amira Metouekel, Azeddin El Barnossi, Abdelfattah El Moussaoui, Mohamed Chebaibi, Loubna Bounab, Ibrahim Mssillou, Abdelaaty Abdelaziz Shahat, Brahim El Bouzdoudi, Mohammed L'bachir El Kbiach","doi":"10.3390/md22120565","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine algae are renowned for their health benefits due to the presence of functional bioactive compounds. In this context, this study aims to valorize the extract of a seaweed, <i>Dictyota dichotoma</i> (<i>D. dichotoma</i>), through phytochemical characterization using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), as well as in vitro and in silico evaluation of its biological activities (antioxidant and antimicrobial). Phytochemical characterization revealed that the ethanolic extract of <i>Dictyota dichotoma</i> (DdEx) is rich in phenolic compounds, with a total of 22 phycocompounds identified. Antioxidant activity, measured by various methods, showed an IC₅₀ of 120 µg/mL for the DPPH assay, an EC₅₀ of 120.53 µg/mL for the FRAP assay, and a total antioxidant power of 685.26 µg AAE/mg according to the phosphomolybdate (TAC) method. Evaluation of antibacterial activity showed a zone of inhibition diameter ranging from 11.93 to 22.58 mm, with the largest zone observed for the <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) strain. For antifungal activity, inhibition zone diameters ranged from 22.38 to 23.52 mm, with the largest recorded for the <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (<i>S. cerevisiae</i>) strain. The in silico study identified tetragalloyl-glucose, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, and pentagalloyl-glucose as the most active compounds against NADPH oxidase, with docking scores of -7.723, -7.424, and -6.402 kcal/mol, respectively. Regarding antibacterial activity, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, and secoisolariciresinol demonstrated high affinity for <i>E. coli</i> beta-ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] synthase, with docking scores of -7.276, -6.811, and -6.594 kcal/mol, respectively. These in vitro and in silico evaluations showed that <i>D. dichotoma</i> extract possesses antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, due to its richness in bioactive compounds identified by HPLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Zhang et al. Astaxanthin Alleviates Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats: Possible Involvement of Akt/Bad Signaling. <i>Mar. Drugs</i> 2014, <i>8</i>, 4291.","authors":"Xiang-Sheng Zhang, Xin Zhang, Qi Wu, Wei Li, Qing-Rong Zhang, Chun-Xi Wang, Xiao-Ming Zhou, Hua Li, Ji-Xin Shi, Meng-Liang Zhou","doi":"10.3390/md22120563","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Errors in</b><b>Figures</b> [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11678416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butyrolactone-I from Marine Fungal Metabolites Mitigates Heat-Stress-Induced Apoptosis in IPEC-J2 Cells and Mice Through the ROS/PERK/CHOP Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Xueting Niu, Shengwei Chen, Xinchen Wang, Jiaying Wen, Xiaoxi Liu, Yanhong Yong, Zhichao Yu, Xingbing Ma, A M Abd El-Aty, Xianghong Ju","doi":"10.3390/md22120564","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heat stress poses a significant challenge to animal husbandry, contributing to oxidative stress, intestinal mucosal injury, and apoptosis, which severely impact animal health, growth, and production efficiency. The development of safe, sustainable, and naturally derived solutions to mitigate these effects is critical for advancing sustainable agricultural practices. Butyrolactone-I (BTL-I), a bioactive compound derived from deep-sea fungi (Aspergillus), shows promise as a functional feed additive to combat heat stress in animals. This study explored the protective effects of BTL-I against heat-stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in IPEC-J2 cells and mice. Our findings demonstrated that BTL-I effectively inhibited the heat-stress-induced upregulation of HSP70 and HSP90, alleviating intestinal heat stress. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that heat stress increased intestinal cell apoptosis, with a significant upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 expression, while BTL-I pretreatment significantly reduced apoptosis-related protein levels, showcasing its protective effects. Furthermore, BTL-I suppressed oxidative stress markers (ROS and MDA) while enhancing antioxidant activity (SOD levels). BTL-I also reduced the expression of p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP, mitigating oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in intestinal cells. In conclusion, BTL-I demonstrates the potential to improve animal resilience to heat stress, supporting sustainable livestock production systems. Its application as a natural, eco-friendly feed additive will contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Beneficial Roles of Seaweed in Atopic Dermatitis.","authors":"Ah-Reum Kim, Myeong-Jin Kim, Jaeseong Seo, Kyoung Mi Moon, Bonggi Lee","doi":"10.3390/md22120566","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by severe pruritus and recurrent flare-ups, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Current treatments, such as corticosteroids and immunomodulators, often provide symptomatic relief but can lead to adverse effects with prolonged use. Seaweed, a sustainable and nutrient-dense resource, has emerged as a promising alternative due to its rich bioactive compounds-polysaccharides, phlorotannins, polyphenols, and chlorophyll-that offer anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This review explores the therapeutic potential of brown, red, and green algae in alleviating AD symptoms, highlighting the effects of specific species, including <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i>, <i>Laminaria japonica</i>, <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i>, and <i>Sargassum horneri</i>. These seaweeds modulate immune responses, reduce epidermal thickness, and restore skin barrier function, presenting a novel, safe, and effective approach to AD management. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm their efficacy and establish dosing strategies, paving the way for seaweed-derived therapies as natural alternatives in AD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11678346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Collagen Extraction from Fish Scales Using Tris-Glycine Buffer: A Taguchi Methodological Approach.","authors":"Mokgadi Ursula Makgobole, Stanley Chibuzor Onwubu, Abayomi Baruwa, Nomakhosi Mpofana, Zodidi Obiechefu, Deneshree Naidoo, Andile Khathi, Blessing Mkhwanazi","doi":"10.3390/md22120562","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collagen, a critical biomaterial with wide applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and medical industries, can be sourced sustainably from fish scales. This study optimizes the extraction of collagen using Tris-Glycine buffer from fish scales via the Taguchi method. Various extraction parameters-buffer concentration, temperature, pH, and time-were evaluated to identify optimal conditions. Under optimal conditions (0.5 M of acetic acids, volume of acids of 100 mL, soaking time of 120 min, and Tris-Glycine buffer of 10 mL), the results demonstrate that temperature and buffer concentration significantly influence collagen yield, with a collagen purity of 17.14 ± 0.05 mg/g. <i>R</i>² value of 73.84% was obtained for the mathematical model). FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic collagen peaks at 1611 cm^-1 (amide I), 1523 cm^-1 (amide II), and 1300 cm^-1 (amide III), indicating the successful extraction of type I collagen. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed a protein banding pattern consistent with the molecular weight of collagen, and amino acid analysis shows high percentages of glycine (20.98%), proline (15.43%), and hydroxyproline (11.51%), implying fibrous collagen structures. The finding suggests that the Taguchi method offers an efficient and sustainable approach for collagen extraction, reducing waste from fish processing industries. Nevertheless, there is a need for further experimental validation to align with mathematical modeling on the optimized conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition of Triterpene Glycosides of the Far Eastern Sea Cucumber <i>Cucumaria conicospermium</i> Levin et Stepanov; Structure Elucidation of Five Minor Conicospermiumosides A₃-1, A₃-2, A₃-3, A₇-1, and A₇-2; Cytotoxicity of the Glycosides Against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines; Structure-Activity Relationships.","authors":"Alexandra S Silchenko, Ekaterina A Chingizova, Ekaterina S Menchinskaya, Elena A Zelepuga, Anatoly I Kalinovsky, Sergey A Avilov, Kseniya M Tabakmakher, Roman S Popov, Pavel S Dmitrenok, Salim Sh Dautov, Vladimir I Kalinin","doi":"10.3390/md22120560","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120560","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Five new non-holostane di- and trisulfated triterpene pentaosides, conicospermiumosides A&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-1 (&lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;), A&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-2 (&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;), A&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-3 (&lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt;), A&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;-1 (&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;), and A&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;-2 (&lt;b&gt;5&lt;/b&gt;) were isolated from the Far Eastern sea cucumber &lt;i&gt;Cucumaria conicospermium&lt;/i&gt; Levin et Stepanov (Cucumariidae, Dendrochirotida). Twelve known glycosides found earlier in other &lt;i&gt;Cucumaria&lt;/i&gt; species were also obtained and identified. The structures of new compounds were established on the basis of extensive analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR spectra, as well as by the HR-ESI-MS data. The aglycones of &lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;-&lt;b&gt;5&lt;/b&gt; differed by side chains structures. Additionally, conicospermiumoside A&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;-1 (&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;) had a 9(11)-double bond in the aglycone, while the remaining glycosides contained a 7(8)-intranuclear double bond. Eight types of carbohydrate chains known earlier from the glycosides of the sea cucumbers of the &lt;i&gt;Cucumaria&lt;/i&gt; genus were found as part of the glycosides of &lt;i&gt;C. conicospermium&lt;/i&gt;. The set of sugar chains of the glycosides from &lt;i&gt;C. conicospermium&lt;/i&gt; was similar to that from &lt;i&gt;C. okhotensis&lt;/i&gt;. The raw biogenetic series of aglycones, leading to the formation of hexa-nor-lanostane derivatives in the process of biosynthesis and a sort of functionally-structural division that was realized due to separation of biosynthetic pathways of holostane and lanostane derivatives, can be traced when the structures of the glycosides isolated from &lt;i&gt;C. conicospermium&lt;/i&gt; are compared. The cytotoxic action against three human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T-47D, MDA-MB-231), and non-tumor MCF-10A and hemolytic activity of compounds &lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;-&lt;b&gt;5&lt;/b&gt;, as well as seven known glycosides were tested. Conicospermiumosides A&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-3 (&lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt;) and A&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;-1 (&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;), having a 22-oxo-23(24)-en fragment, were strongly hemolytic despite lacking a lactone in their aglycones. Moreover, both compounds demonstrated a promising suppressing action against triple negative breast cancer cells. The cells of the MDA-MB-231 line were most sensitive to the cytotoxic action of the glycosides, while the MCF-7 cell line was most sustainable. Six glycosides were selected for further study of some aspects of anticancer action against MDA-MB-231. The selective action of the compounds &lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;8&lt;/b&gt; on the MDA-MB-231 cells without significant toxicity against the MCF-10A cells was noticeable. More importantly, the selectivity of the compounds was changed over time and maximal selectivity to cancer cells was demonstrated by glycoside &lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt; at 48 h of exposition. The glycosides &lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt; and the desulfated derivative &lt;b&gt;7a&lt;/b&gt; strongly inhibited colony formation and growth of the TNBC cells until the process stops completely. Okhotoside B&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;b&gt;8&lt;/b&gt;), DS-okhotoside A&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;-1 (&lt;b&gt;7a&lt;/b&gt;), and conicospermiumoside A&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-3 (&lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt;) showed a potent cell migration-inhibitin","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of Liposomes Containing the Carrageenan/Echinochrome Complex with Human HaCaT Keratinocytes In Vitro.","authors":"Ekaterina S Menchinskaya, Vladimir I Gorbach, Evgeny A Pislyagin, Tatiana Y Gorpenchenko, Evgeniya A Pimenova, Irina V Guzhova, Dmitry L Aminin, Irina M Yermak","doi":"10.3390/md22120561","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liposomal drug delivery systems are successfully used in various fields of medicine for external and systemic applications. Marine organisms contain biologically active substances that have a unique structure and exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Polysaccharide of red seaweed (carrageenan (CRG)), and water-insoluble sea urchin pigment (echinochrome (Ech)) interact with each other and form a stable complex. We included the CRG/Ech complex in liposomes for better permeability into cells. In our research, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate TRITC-labeled CRG was synthesized to study the interaction of the complex encapsulated in liposomes with human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaTs) widely used to expose the skin to a variety of substances. Using confocal microscopy, we found that liposomes were able to penetrate HaCaT cells with maximum efficiency within 24 h, and pre-incubation of keratinocytes with liposomes resulted in the delivery of the CRG/Ech complex into the cytoplasm. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of liposomes, including the lysosomal regulation, increased intracellular ROS levels, and increased NO synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>)-induced inflamed skin cells. Liposomes containing the CRG/Ech complex significantly reduced lysosomal activity by 26% in LPS-treated keratinocytes and decreased ROS levels in cells by 23% after LPS exposure. It was found that liposomes with the complex improved the migration of HaCaT keratinocytes incubated with high-dose LPS by 47%. The results of the work, taking into account the good permeability of liposomes into keratinocytes, as well as the anti-inflammatory effect on cells treated with LPS or <i>E. coli</i>, show the prospects of using liposomes containing the CRG/Ech complex as an anti-inflammatory agent in the fight against skin infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three New Dipeptide and Two New Polyketide Derivatives from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus <i>Talaromyces</i> sp.: Antioxidant Activity of Two Isolated Substances.","authors":"Zhihao Zeng, Jian Cai, Yi Chen, Xinlong Li, Chunmei Chen, Yonghong Liu, Lalith Jayasinghe, Xuefeng Zhou","doi":"10.3390/md22120559","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Five new metabolites, including three cyclic dipeptide derivatives (<b>1</b>-<b>3</b>) and two new polyketides (<b>10</b>-<b>11</b>), together with nine known ones (<b>4</b>-<b>9</b> and <b>12</b>-<b>15</b>), were isolated from the mangrove-sediments-derived fungus <i>Talaromyces</i> sp. SCSIO 41431. Their structures were determined using detailed NMR, MS spectroscopic analyses, and quantum chemical calculations. X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis of <b>1</b> was described. Compounds <b>13</b>-<b>15</b> demonstrated activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, with MIC values ranging from 25 to 50 µg/mL. Compound <b>9</b> showed activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Streptococcus suis</i>, and <i>Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae</i>, with an MIC value of 100 µg/mL. In addition, compounds <b>1</b> and <b>12</b> showed DPPH radical scavenging activity, with the EC₅₀ of 27.62 and 29.34 µg/mL, compared to the positive control (ascorbic acid, EC₅₀, 12.74 µg/mL).</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lichenase and Cellobiohydrolase Activities of a Novel Bi-Functional β-Glucanase from the Marine Bacterium <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. J103.","authors":"Youngdeuk Lee, Eunyoung Jo, Yeon-Ju Lee, Min Jin Kim, Navindu Dinara Gajanayaka, Mahanama De Zoysa, Gun-Hoo Park, Chulhong Oh","doi":"10.3390/md22120558","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md22120558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we report the molecular and enzymatic characterisation of Spg103, a novel bifunctional β-glucanase from the marine bacterium <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. J103. Recombinant Spg103 (rSpg103) functioned optimally at 60 °C and pH 6. Notably, Spg103 exhibited distinct stability properties, with increased activity in the presence of Na+ and EDTA. Spg103 displays both lichenase and cellobiohydrolase activity. Despite possessing a GH5 cellulase domain, FN3 and CBM3 domains characteristic of cellulases and CBHs, biochemical assays showed that rSpg103 exhibited higher activity towards mixed β-1,3-1,4-glucan such as barley β-glucan and lichenan than towards beta-1,4-linkages. The endolytic activity of the enzyme was confirmed by TLC and UPLC-MS analyses, which identified cellotriose as the main hydrolysis product. In addition, Spg103 exhibited an exo-type activity, selectively releasing cellobiose units from cellooligosaccharides, which is characteristic of cellobiohydrolases. These results demonstrate the potential of Spg103 for a variety of biotechnological applications, particularly those requiring tailor-made enzymatic degradation of mixed-linked β-glucans. This study provides a basis for further structural and functional investigations of the bifunctional enzyme and highlights Spg103 as a promising candidate for industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11679780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}