Marine Drugs最新文献

{"title":"Examples of Underexploited Marine Organisms in Cosmeceutical Applications.","authors":"Céline Couteau, Laurence Coiffard","doi":"10.3390/md23080305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A number of marine resources have been exploited for a long time. Examples include <i>Fucus</i> and <i>Laminaria</i>, from which gelling agents are extracted. Only a few hundred thousand marine species are currently known, representing a tiny fraction of the estimated total of between 700,000 and one million species. This opens up numerous possibilities for innovation in the cosmetics industry. In this study, we present various species that are currently under-exploited, but which could have applications in hydration and photoprotection, for example. Algae and microalgae are worthy of interest because they can be used for hydration and anti-ageing purposes. Collagen can be extracted from animal sources and used as a substitute for collagen of bovine origin. From a marketing perspective, it is possible to market it as 'marine collagen'. However, it is imperative to emphasize the significance of ensuring the sustainability of the resource. In accordance with this imperative, algae that are capable of being cultivated are distinguished by their enhanced qualities.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Fucoxanthin Pickering Emulsion Stability and Encapsulation with Seaweed Cellulose Nanofibrils Using High-Pressure Homogenization.","authors":"Ying Tuo, Mingrui Wang, Yiwei Yu, Yixiao Li, Xingyuan Hu, Long Wu, Zongpei Zhang, Hui Zhou, Xiang Li","doi":"10.3390/md23080311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor solubility and bioavailability have limited the application of fucoxanthin in drug and functional food processing. In order to encapsulate fucoxanthin in delivery systems, in this study, cellulose was isolated from industrial brown algae residues and high-pressure homogenized into cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Then, fucoxanthin was encapsulated into the Pickering emulsion stabilized by the CNFs. The effect of high-pressure homogenization on the characteristics of cellulose and the stability of fucoxanthin emulsion was evaluated. The results indicated that CNFs prepared at 105 MPa had a diameter of 87 nm and exhibited high zeta potential and thermal stability. Encapsulation efficiency peaked at 70.8% with 1.0 mg/mL fucoxanthin, and after three freeze-thaw cycles the encapsulation efficiency was higher than 60%. The DPPH scavenging activity after 12 days' storage at 4 °C was still 42%. Furthermore, the Pickering emulsion with 1.0 mg/mL fucoxanthin showed high stability and antioxidant activity under different pH values, salinity, temperature, and UV light exposure duration. The CNFs effectively protected fucoxanthin from degradation, offering a novel delivery system for marine bioactive compounds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the fucoxanthin delivery system of Pickering emulsion stabilized by the CNFs. Such emulsion might benefit the encapsulation and release of bioactive components in marine drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine-Inspired Ovothiol Analogs Inhibit Membrane-Bound Gamma-Glutamyl-Transpeptidase and Modulate Reactive Oxygen Species and Glutathione Levels in Human Leukemic Cells.","authors":"Annalisa Zuccarotto, Maria Russo, Annamaria Di Giacomo, Alessandra Casale, Aleksandra Mitrić, Serena Leone, Gian Luigi Russo, Immacolata Castellano","doi":"10.3390/md23080308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The enzyme γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), located on the surface of cellular membranes, hydrolyzes extracellular glutathione (GSH) to guarantee the recycling of cysteine and maintain intracellular redox homeostasis. High expression levels of GGT on tumor cells are associated with increased cell proliferation and resistance against chemotherapy. Therefore, GGT inhibitors have potential as adjuvants in treating GGT-positive tumors; however, most have been abandoned during clinical trials due to toxicity. Recent studies indicate marine-derived ovothiols as more potent non-competitive GGT inhibitors, inducing a mixed cell-death phenotype of apoptosis and autophagy in GGT-overexpressing cell lines, such as the chronic B leukemic cell HG-3, while displaying no toxicity towards non-proliferative cells. In this work, we characterize the activity of two synthetic ovothiol analogs, L-5-sulfanylhistidine and iso-ovothiol A, in GGT-positive cells, such as HG-3 and HL-60 cells derived from acute promyelocytic leukemia. The two compounds inhibit the activity of membrane-bound GGT, without altering cell vitality nor inducing cytotoxic autophagy in HG-3 cells. We provide evidence that a portion of L-5-sulfanylhistidine enters HG-3 cells and acts as a redox regulator, contributing to the increase in intracellular GSH. On the other hand, ovothiol A, which is mostly sequestered by external membrane-bound GGT, induces intracellular ROS increase and the consequent autophagic pathways. These findings provide the basis for developing ovothiol derivatives as adjuvants in treating GGT-positive tumors' chemoresistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dolabellane Diterpenoids from Soft Coral <i>Clavularia viridis</i> with Anti-Inflammatory Activities.","authors":"Chufan Gu, Hongli Jia, Kang Zhou, Bin Wang, Wenhan Lin, Wei Cheng","doi":"10.3390/md23080312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A chemical investigation of the EtOAc fraction from soft coral <i>Clavularia viridis</i> resulted in the isolation of 12 undescribed dolabellane-type diterpenoids, namely clavirolides W-Z (<b>1</b>-<b>4</b>), clavularols A-H (<b>5</b>-<b>12</b>), and three known analogs (<b>13</b>-<b>15</b>). Their structures were characterized by an extensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including X-ray diffraction and ECD calculations for the assignment of absolute configurations. The structures of <b>2</b> and <b>4</b>-<b>6</b> are feathered as peroxyl-substituted derivatives, while compounds <b>7</b>-<b>12</b> possess additional oxidative cyclization, including epoxide or furan that are rare in the dolabellane family. All these compounds were evaluated for activities on cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory models. Compound <b>10</b> exhibited most potential against NO production in the BV2 cell induced by LPS with an IC₅₀ value of 18.3 μM.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simplified, High Yielding Extraction of Xylan/Xylo-Oligosaccharides from <i>Palmaria palmata</i>: The Importance of the Algae Preservation Treatment.","authors":"Diogo Coelho, Diogo Félix Costa, Mário Barroca, Sara Alexandra Cunha, Maria Manuela Pintado, Helena Abreu, Margarida Martins, Tony Collins","doi":"10.3390/md23080302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complex plant cell wall heteropolysaccharide xylan, and its breakdown products xylo-oligosaccharides and xylose, are value-added compounds with a plethora of potential applications in diverse areas. They are nonetheless currently poorly exploited, with a major bottleneck being the unavailability of efficient, low-cost, high-yield production processes. The major objective of the present study is to identify and characterise a high-yield process for the preparation of highly pure xylan/XOS products from the macroalga <i>Palmaria palmata</i>. Currently, most xylan is extracted from land-sourced lignocellulosic feedstocks, but we take advantage of the high xylan content, xylan aqueous solubility, lignin-free nature, weakly linked cell wall matrix, and sustainability of the macroalga to identify a simple, sustainable, high-yield, novel-xylan-structure extraction process. This is composed of five steps: alga oven drying, milling, aqueous extraction, centrifugation, and dialysis, and we show that the alga preservation step plays a critical role in component extractability, with oven drying at high temperatures, ~100 °C, enhancing the subsequent aqueous extraction process, and providing for xylan yields as high as 80% of a highly pure (~90%) xylan product. The process developed herein and the insights gained will promote a greater availability of these bioactive compounds and open up their application potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antitumor Activity of <i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i> Polysaccharides Through Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Cellular and Zebrafish Models.","authors":"Mengyue Liu, Weixia Wang, Haoran Wang, Shuang Zhao, Dongli Yin, Haijun Zhang, Chunze Zou, Shengcan Zou, Jia Yu, Yuxi Wei","doi":"10.3390/md23080304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a predominant cause of global cancer-related mortality, highlighting the pressing demand for innovative therapeutic strategies. Natural polysaccharides have emerged as promising candidates in cancer research due to their multifaceted anticancer mechanisms and tumor-suppressive potential across diverse malignancies. In this study, we enzymatically extracted a polysaccharide, named ERPP, from <i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i> and comprehensively evaluated its anti-colorectal cancer activity. We conducted in vitro assays, including CCK-8 proliferation, clonogenic survival, scratch wound healing, and Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis staining, and the results demonstrated that ERPP significantly inhibited HT-29 cell proliferation, suppressed colony formation, impaired migratory capacity, and induced apoptosis. JC-1 fluorescence assays provided further evidence of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization, as manifested by a substantial reduction in the red/green fluorescence ratio (from 10.87 to 0.35). These antitumor effects were further validated in vivo using a zebrafish HT-29 xenograft model. Furthermore, ERPP treatment significantly attenuated tumor angiogenesis and downregulated the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (<i>Vegfaa</i>) gene in the zebrafish xenograft model. Mechanistic investigations revealed that ERPP primarily activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. RT-qPCR analysis showed an upregulation of the pro-apoptotic gene <i>Bax</i> and a downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene <i>Bcl-2</i>, leading to cytochrome c (<i>CYCS</i>) release and caspase-3 (<i>CASP-3</i>) activation. Additionally, ERPP exhibited potent antioxidant capacity, achieving an 80.2% hydroxyl radical scavenging rate at 4 mg/mL. ERPP also decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels within the tumor cells, thereby augmenting anticancer efficacy through its antioxidant activity. Collectively, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the properties of ERPP, underscoring its potential as a functional food component or adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Enzyme Technologies and Applied Enzymology in Valorising Seaweed Bioproducts.","authors":"Blessing Mabate, Lithalethu Mkabayi, Deandra Rochelle Goddard, Coleen Elizabeth Grobler, Brett Ivan Pletschke","doi":"10.3390/md23080303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seaweeds, classified as non-vascular plants, have definite advantages over terrestrial plants as they grow rapidly, can be cultivated in coastal environments, and are dependable and non-endangered sources of biomass. Algal bioproducts, which include a wide range of bioactive compounds, have drawn much interest because of their applications in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and cosmetics. Particularly in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields, algal bioproducts have shown tremendous activity in regulating enzymes involved in human diseases. However, the drawbacks of conventional extraction methods impede the complete exploitation of seaweed biomass. These include low efficiency, high cost, and potential harm to the environment. Enzyme technology developments in recent years present a viable way to overcome these challenges. Enzymatic processes improve product yields and reduce the environmental impact of processing, while facilitating the more effective extraction of valuable bioactive compounds as part of an integrated biorefinery approach. Enzyme-assisted biorefinery techniques can greatly advance the creation of a circular bioeconomy and increase the yield of extracted seaweed bioproducts, thus improving their value. With the potential to scale up to industrial levels, these biotechnological developments in enzymatic extraction are developing rapidly and can advance the sustainable exploitation of seaweed resources. This review emphasises the increasing importance of enzyme technologies in the seaweed biorefinery and their contribution to developing more environmentally friendly, economically feasible, and sustainable methods for valorising products derived from seaweed. In the biorefinery industry, enzyme-assisted methods have enormous potential for large-scale industrial applications with further development, opening the door to a more sustainable, circular bioeconomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Madangamines: Synthetic Strategies Toward Architecturally Complex Alkaloids.","authors":"Valentina Ríos, Cristian Maulen, Claudio Parra, Ben Bradshaw","doi":"10.3390/md23080301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Madangamine alkaloids have attracted considerable interest in the scientific community due to their complex polycyclic structures and potent biological activities. The six members identified to date have exhibited diverse and significant cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines. Despite their structural complexity, seven total syntheses-covering five of the six members-have been reported to date. These syntheses, involving 28 to 36 steps and global yields ranging from 0.006% to 0.029%, highlight the formidable challenge these compounds present. This review summarizes the key synthetic strategies developed to access critical fragments, including the construction of the ABC diazatricyclic core and the ACE ring systems. Approaches to assembling the ABCD and ABCE tetracyclic frameworks are also discussed. Finally, we highlight the completed total syntheses of madangamines A-E, with a focus on pivotal transformations and strategic innovations that have enabled progress in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Diversity and Bioactivities of Marine Fungal Terpenoids (2020-2024).","authors":"Minghua Jiang, Senhua Chen, Zhibin Zhang, Yiwen Xiao, Du Zhu, Lan Liu","doi":"10.3390/md23080300","DOIUrl":"10.3390/md23080300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine-derived fungi have proven to be a rich source of structurally diverse terpenoids with significant pharmacological potential. This systematic review of 119 studies (2020-2024) identifies 512 novel terpenoids, accounting for 87% of the total discoveries to 2020, from five major classes (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesterterpenes, and triterpenes) isolated from 104 fungal strains across 33 genera. Sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids constitute the predominant chemical classes, with <i>Trichoderma</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i>, <i>Eutypella</i>, and <i>Penicillium</i> being the most productive genera. These fungi were primarily sourced from distinct marine niches, including deep sea sediments, algal associations, mangrove ecosystems, and invertebrate symbioses. Notably, 57% of the 266 tested compounds exhibited diverse biological activities, encompassing anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicroalgal, antifungal, cytotoxic effects, etc. The chemical diversity and biological activities of these marine fungal terpenoids underscore their value as promising lead compounds for pharmaceutical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on the Valorization of Bioactives from Marine Animal By-Products for Health-Promoting, Biofunctional Cosmetics.","authors":"Sofia Neonilli A Papadopoulou, Theodora Adamantidi, Dimitrios Kranas, Paschalis Cholidis, Chryssa Anastasiadou, Alexandros Tsoupras","doi":"10.3390/md23080299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, there has been a marked surge in the development of marine-by-product-derived ingredients for cosmetic applications, driven by the increasing demand for natural, sustainable, and high-performance formulations. Marine animal by-products, particularly those from fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, represent an abundant yet underutilized source of bioactive compounds with notable potential in cosmeceutical innovation. Generated as waste from the fishery and seafood-processing industries, these materials are rich in valuable bioactives, such as chitosan, collagen, peptides, amino acids, fatty acids, polar lipids, lipid-soluble vitamins, carotenoids, pigments, phenolics, and mineral-based substrates like hydroxyapatite. Marine by-product bioactives can be isolated via several extraction methods, and most importantly, green ones. These compounds exhibit a broad spectrum of skin-health-promoting effects, including antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-wrinkle, anti-hyperpigmentation, and wound-healing properties. Moreover, applications extend beyond skincare to include hair, nail, and oral care. The present review provides a comprehensive analysis of bioactives obtained from marine mollusks, crustaceans, and fish by-products, emphasizing modern extraction technologies with a focus on green and sustainable approaches. It further explores their mechanisms of action and documented efficacy in cosmetic formulations. Finally, the review outlines current limitations and offers future perspectives for the industrial valorization of marine by-products in functional and environmentally-conscious cosmetic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12387386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}