Marine Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"The impacts of chemical composition on bacterial processing of dissolved organic matter in the deep Arctic Ocean","authors":"N. Sylvestre,&nbsp;C. Guéguen","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cycling of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ocean plays a central role in carbon dynamics, influencing the ocean's ability to sequester carbon and regulate climate. However, the microbial processes that govern the transformation and persistence of DOM across different water masses remain poorly understood. In this study, we explore how a single bacterial community processes DOM from four distinct water masses (<em>i.e</em>, Pacific winter water, Atlantic halocline, Atlantic water - Barents Sea Strait branch, and deep temperature minimum) in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean, using a combination of optical and molecular techniques to reveal the microbial mechanisms behind DOM reactivity and persistence. Although all water masses contained the same fluorescent components, each underwent unique processing by the microbial community after 20 days of laboratory-controlled incubation. This suggests that the composition of specific fluorescent components likely varies between different water layers, with an increase in these features by the end of the incubation. The number of common molecular features measured with a trapped ion mobility spectrometer coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TIMS-TOF) and an electrospray ionization source (positive ionization mode) was higher in contiguous water masses, likely due to water mass mixing resulting in the formation of the Atlantic halocline. Spearman's rank correlations between fluorescence characteristics and TIMS-TOF features established connections between fluorescent characteristics and molecular formulas. Twenty-two distinct molecular features were related to the four humic-like. None of them were associated with tyrosine-like, revealing the distinct molecular-optical linkages between humic- and protein-like DOM. Overall, our findings indicate that the DOM reactivity depends on its optical and molecular composition. The mechanistic understanding of the factors that control the persistence of DOM in the ocean is essential for predicting the ocean's role in the global carbon cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 104579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing the characterization of organic Cu(II)-binding ligands in Arctic Ocean waters: Integration of IMAC, SPE, HRMS, and fluorescence techniques","authors":"Louis Criqui,&nbsp;Céline Guéguen","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The availability and toxicity of dissolved copper (Cu) in the ocean are largely determined by its complexation with organic ligands, but the structure and origin of these ligands are still largely unknown. In this work, standard and marine Cu(II) complexing ligands were isolated using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and solid phase extraction (SPE), and characterized using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence to obtain information on the size distribution, molecular composition, and fluorescing properties of organic Cu(II)-binding molecules in the Arctic Ocean. We first investigated the retention performance of model ligands and found that N-containing ligands were preferentially isolated on the IMAC-SPE column. Application to Arctic Ocean dissolved organic matter (DOM) showed that the organic ligands accounted for up to 3 % of the DOM, consistent with previous studies. Robust correlations of HMRS peak intensities with EEM signals were used to expand chemical characterization of 511 molecular formulas in the IMAC-SPE and SPE extracts. The pairing based on the molecular classification associated with fluorescence signatures showed that 52 % Spearman correlations were linked to humic-like components. The necessity of multiple molecular annotation methods, like HRMS/fluorescence correlation or van Krevelen class attribution, was demonstrated to yield a better molecular identification. The combination of IMAC, SPE, HRMS, and EEM appears to be a promising approach for the characterization of organic Cu(II)-binding ligands in waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 104578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferrioxamine X1 mediated iron interaction with FoxA receptor in marine Pseudomonas stutzeri: An in silico approach","authors":"Pratika Singh ,&nbsp;Parli Venkateswaran Bhaskar ,&nbsp;Alok Kumar Sinha ,&nbsp;Vitthal T. Barvkar ,&nbsp;Sarat Chandra Tripathy","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low iron concentrations in the Equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO) create a challenging environment for microbial life, requiring microorganisms to adapt. One strategy involves the production of siderophores, organic compounds that bind to Fe³⁺ ions and facilitate their uptake through specific receptors. Multiple siderophores may improve the bioavailability of iron due to the varied structures of siderophores and receptors. Since a single receptor may bind multiple siderophores, it is imperative to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between siderophores and their receptors. This study used an <em>in silico</em> approach to explore these interactions. <em>Pseudomonas stutzeri</em> ATCC 17588, isolated from the EIO, was optimized for siderophore production under various growth conditions and analyzed using LC-qTOF-MS. The tertiary structure of the FoxA receptor and its interaction with the ferrioxamine X₁-Fe³⁺ complex were examined through molecular docking. <em>P. stutzeri</em> ATCC 17588 produced multiple siderophores, including ferrioxamine X₁, with optimal production at 10 nM iron concentration, pH 8.5, and 25 °C. The interaction energies between ferrioxamine X₁-Fe³⁺ and the FoxA receptor were − 40.81 kcal/mol and − 9.3 kJ/mol, respectively, suggesting stable complexes. The predicted FoxA structure, validated through various analyses, revealed helices interspersed with strands. Hydrophobic interactions, involving residues such as Gln287, Arg792, and Glu180, were primarily responsible for the binding of ferrioxamine X₁-Fe³⁺ to the FoxA receptor. This study sheds light on the role of ferrioxamine X₁ in iron acquisition by <em>P. stutzeri</em> in the iron-limited EIO and enhances our understanding of microbial metal-ligand interactions in marine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 104563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentation and metal accumulation in the Gulf of Urabá – Colombian Caribbean: A 150-year record of natural processes and human impacts","authors":"Pedro Pablo Vallejo-Toro ,&nbsp;Javier Alcántara-Carrió ,&nbsp;Diana María Agudelo-Echavarría ,&nbsp;Jaime Palacio-Baena","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural and human factors control the sediment accumulation rates and metal deposition in estuaries. This study analyzes the changes in sedimentation rates and metal accumulation in the Gulf of Urabá (southern Colombian Caribbean) over the last 150 years. The sedimentation rates of three cores (C1, C2, and C3) were determined using the constant flux (CF) model based on the ²¹⁰Pb isotope, averaging 0.14 cm/y, 0.22 cm/y and 0.10 cm/y, respectively. The temporal distribution of both major (Al, Fe, Ca, Mn) and minor (Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni) metals revealed important historical events, including the relocation of the main tributary mouth, intensive land use changes, and extreme climatic events. In agreement with previous studies in the area, moderate contamination and metal enrichment were found based on three geochemical indices (enrichment factor, anthropogenic factor and geo-accumulation index) considering global crust reference values. However, a lack of or minimal pollution was evident when considering the local background metal concentrations, which were determined in the bottom core sediments (2583 y BP). Therefore, this study evidences the relevance of using local background to determine metal pollution in surface sediments and cores. Despite high freshwater inputs and sediment supply, as well as anthropogenic activities in the gulf, sedimentation rates and metal accumulation are low compared to other marine environments worldwide, due to the presence of a salt wedge intrusion. The salt wedge creates a density difference, causing the clay fraction of the sediments, along with associated pollutants, to remain suspended for extended periods. As a result, sedimentation is hindered, and these materials are transported out of the gulf. Consequently, fine and medium silt dominate sedimentation and metal accumulation dynamics in the estuary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsaturated aliphatic and sulfur-containing organic matter as surfactants in the surface microlayer","authors":"N.R. Coffey ,&nbsp;F.E. Agblemanyo ,&nbsp;A.M. McKenna ,&nbsp;A.S. Wozniak","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The surface microlayer (SML) is a 10s–100s μm thick layer which mediates fluxes across the air-sea interface. Organic matter (OM) enrichments at the SML are known to influence SML physical properties and air-sea exchanges, but the role of detailed molecular level OM composition in influencing those processes hasn't been fully explored. SML and subsurface (SUB, 8–15 cm) water at four stations encompassing different influences (marine/fluvial/salt marsh) on the Delaware Bay system were sampled and examined for relationships between SML/SUB OM composition and surface tension. Samples collected December 2018–October 2019 show SML dissolved organic carbon (DOC) enrichments of 0.87 to 4.42 times the SUB concentration. Excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs) and negative electrospray ionization (-ESI) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) show marine samples have higher contributions from photobleached material and higher relative abundances of CHON compounds relative to inner bay sites, respectively. Principal component analyses further reveal consistent differences in SML OM composition relative to SUB. The SML contains higher abundances of compounds with H/C &gt; 1.7 and O/C &lt; 0.2, including sulfur-containing compounds - compositions suggestive of surfactant-like molecules, able to depress surface tension at the air-sea interface. Surface tension depressions were significantly correlated with unsaturated aliphatic and sulfur-containing compounds identified from FT-ICR MS data, yet showed no relationship with DOC abundances or enrichments, highlighting the need for compositional assessments for understanding OM influences on SML properties and air-sea exchanges. The sources and structures of SML surfactant molecules should be a focus of future work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate iron seasonality between winter and spring in the open Southern Atlantic Ocean is primarily driven by non-biological processes","authors":"Antoine Ringard ,&nbsp;Hélène Planquette ,&nbsp;Thato Mtshali ,&nbsp;Alakendra Roychoudhury ,&nbsp;Eva Bucciarelli","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the open Southern Ocean, primary productivity is mainly driven by limiting concentrations of iron. However, limited available iron data during winter leave a gap in our understanding of how seasonality affects the iron cycle, and primary productivity. In this context, two cruises followed the same transect in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, from the SubTropical zone to the Antarctic zone, during spring and winter. This study aims to determine whether particulate iron concentrations showed seasonal changes, and to identify the processes driving these variations. Particulate iron ranged between 0.04–0.99 nM and 0.04–1.17 nM during spring and winter, respectively, with the lowest concentrations measured in surface waters. Overall, seasonality did not consistently affect total pFe distributions, and when differences existed, total pFe concentrations were higher in winter than in spring. Our findings indicate that biogenic particulate iron is higher in spring than in winter, and represents only a minor component of total pFe in surface waters during both seasons. Therefore, biological processes do not account for the observed seasonal changes in total pFe concentrations. At certain stations, higher pFe concentrations in winter relative to spring appear to be related to episodic external inputs of lithogenic particles, such as iron-rich dust deposition and inputs from the ACC. The authigenic fraction is the primary contributor to total pFe. These particles seem to be formed through the precipitation of dissolved iron derived from the dissolution of lithogenic particles or hydrothermal activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of open ocean ammonium aerosol sources in the North Pacific Ocean (Oahu, Hawaii)","authors":"Alexandra B. MacFarland ,&nbsp;Wendell W. Walters ,&nbsp;Katye E. Altieri ,&nbsp;Meredith G. Hastings","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition entering the ocean from the atmosphere has increased over time. Ammonia (NH₃), a precursor to ammonium (NH₄⁺), is released into the atmosphere via both natural sources (e.g., ammonification, biomass burning, waste products, surface ocean emissions) and anthropogenic sources (e.g., agriculture, industry, sewage, vehicle emissions). Studies disagree on the quantity of anthropogenic N deposition to the ocean, as well as the consequences this excess N poses to the biogeochemistry of the open ocean, particularly in the Pacific Ocean. Understanding the current role that the open ocean is playing in the N cycle and budget is essential to determine the sources of N (e.g., internal or external, recycled or excess) and to further distinguish the relationships between atmospheric and oceanic N. Therefore, in the current study, ion concentrations and ammonium isotope values (δ¹⁵N-NH₄⁺) were measured for aerosol samples collected on the coast of Oahu, Hawaii from 2021 to 2022 (<em>n</em> = 67). This location was chosen based on low anthropogenic activity, access to the open ocean, and the premise of a dominant marine signal. Particulate NH₄⁺ concentrations ([NH₄⁺]) averaged 3.7 ± 7.3 ng/m³, with no distinct seasonality (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). The δ¹⁵N-NH₄⁺ values also did not exhibit distinct seasonality (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05), but did fall into three unique clusters (using a K-means clustering analysis): cluster one = 19.0 ± 3.9 ‰ (<em>n</em> = 8), cluster two = 4.1 ± 2.3 ‰ (<em>n</em> = 31), and cluster three = −3.3 ± 2.4 ‰ (<em>n</em> = 13). Cluster three was best explained as an ocean emissions signature, which was determined via a phase partitioning model that incorporated N isotope fractionation associated with NH₃ conversion to NH₄⁺. Cluster one had higher than average [NH₄⁺] along with air mass origins from two seabird sanctuaries and was hypothesized to be a seabird emission signature. Cluster two was considered a mix of these two sources (67 % marine, 33 % seabird emissions). 6 % of aerosol inorganic N (NH₄⁺ + nitrate; annual dry inorganic <em>N</em> = 5.5 ng/m³) is from [NH₄⁺], with 35 % resulting from seabird emissions. The annual inorganic N (IN; NO₃⁻ + NH₄⁺) dry deposition value for this site was 1.2 ± 1.1 Tg N·y⁻¹.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution assessment and ecological risk of organic contaminants in a river-estuary of the northeastern Brazilian semi-arid: Traditional and emerging contaminants unraveling rural and urban activities","authors":"Lorena S. Nascimento ,&nbsp;Felipe R. Santos ,&nbsp;Pollyana C.V. Morais ,&nbsp;Allyne F. Gama ,&nbsp;Márcia C. Bícego ,&nbsp;Satie Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Rafael A. Lourenço ,&nbsp;César C. Martins ,&nbsp;Lucas B. Moreira ,&nbsp;Rivelino M. Cavalcante","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface sediments from the Jaguaribe River, in a Brazilian semi-arid region, were investigated for the presence of traditional and emerging organic contaminants to identify the multiple pollution sources in the area. Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were linked to phytoplankton, microbiological species, specific vegetation, and minimal petroleum and pyrolysis compounds. Regarding sterols, higher contributions from stigmasterol and cholesterol were associated with higher plants and zooplankton, respectively. However, coprostanol levels suggested fecal contamination from large mammals, corroborated by the predominance of synthetic over natural hormones. The main origins found for pesticides were their use in health campaigns, agriculture, and domestic use. The toxicity assessment revealed that all stations presented a high risk to biota, especially from hormone and pesticide compounds. This multimolecular approach allowed the identification and differentiation of pollution sources from urban and rural activities and the potential risk for the biota in an important region of Brazil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of preservation methods for major nutrients in polar seawater","authors":"Mi Seon Kim ,&nbsp;Man Sik Choi ,&nbsp;Tae Siek Rhee","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major nutrients—nitrate, phosphate, and silicate—are fundamental building blocks of marine biomass. To understand the flow of material and energy in the ecosystem, it is essential to accurately quantify nutrients concentrations. When shipboard analysis is not possible, seawater samples must be preserved without altering their contents. In this study, we investigated a range of commonly used preservation methods, including filtration, chemical poisoning with HgCl₂, and freezing at −20 °C or − 80 °C without pre-treatment, all aimed at minimizing biological activities. We also evaluated the effects of sample storage periods and thawing periods required before analysis in freezing treatments to determine their impact on nutrients contents. Using four different statistical methods, we assessed a total of 19 experiments to identify the most effective preservation method. Comparison between filtered and untreated seawater samples showed no detectable effect on the preservation by filtration. Deviations from shipboard measurement were detected in samples stored in a freezer, even at −80 °C. On the other hand, the nutrient content in the poisoned samples remained virtually intact. The deficiency in nutrient content observed during prolonged freezing and thawing or storage in a refrigerator at 4 °C, compared to shipboard measurements, aligns with the Redfield relationship reported in the Arctic Ocean, suggesting that biological activities occurred either within brine channels during freezing, during refrigerated storage, or both, likely due to viable cold-adapted microbes. Although our findings are based on polar seawater samples, potential biological activities during storage and post-treatment should be carefully examined in the other oceanic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Boron to salinity ratios in the Fram Strait entering the Central Arctic: The role of sea ice formation and future predictions” [Marine Chemistry 267 (2024) 104463]","authors":"Samantha Rush ,&nbsp;Penny Vlahos ,&nbsp;Chang-Ho Lee ,&nbsp;Kitack Lee ,&nbsp;Lauren J. Barrett","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104534","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18219,"journal":{"name":"Marine Chemistry","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}