Marine pollution bulletin最新文献

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The re-use of offshore platforms as ecological observatories. 重新利用海上平台作为生态观测站。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117262
E Fanelli, P Masia, A Premici, E Volpato, Z Da Ros, J Aguzzi, M Francescangeli, A Dell'Anno, R Danovaro, R Cimino, F Conversano
{"title":"The re-use of offshore platforms as ecological observatories.","authors":"E Fanelli, P Masia, A Premici, E Volpato, Z Da Ros, J Aguzzi, M Francescangeli, A Dell'Anno, R Danovaro, R Cimino, F Conversano","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high number of offshore platforms at the end of their productive phase offers the opportunity of their re-use and the development of effective management solutions, such as the possibility of utilizing them as ecological observatories for monitoring marine ecosystems and their biological resources. Here, through a multiparametric observatory deployed at an unproductive offshore platform, located in the Central Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea), we collected data for 13 months on benthopelagic fish assemblage and habitat conditions. A total of 155.5 h of high-frequency (30 min) video-monitoring, recorded higher fish abundances during spring-summer periods during daytime, while fish diversity was highest in autumn. Some environmental variables contributed significantly to explain the overall community variance. Our results suggest that offshore platforms can be re-converted into ecological observatories, to collect relevant amounts of information that can be difficulty obtained with alternative approaches, contributing to our understanding of changes occurring in open water ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117262"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A review of oil spill research in Canadian Arctic marine environments. 加拿大北极海洋环境溢油研究综述。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117275
Nicole E Heshka, Christine Ridenour, Nayereh Saborimanesh, Qin Xin, Hena Farooqi, James Brydie
{"title":"A review of oil spill research in Canadian Arctic marine environments.","authors":"Nicole E Heshka, Christine Ridenour, Nayereh Saborimanesh, Qin Xin, Hena Farooqi, James Brydie","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Canadian Arctic is a large and diverse geographic area that encompasses a wide variety of environmental conditions and ecosystems. Over recent decades, marine transportation has increased across the Arctic and, as a result, so has the likelihood of an oil spill. The study of oil spills in the Arctic presents unique challenges compared to temperate marine environments, due to remoteness, cold temperatures and the presence of snow and ice throughout much of the year. This review summarizes and discusses the fate of oil in the Canadian Arctic. A brief introduction to the Canadian Arctic and sources of potential petroleum spills is provided, followed by discussions of the behaviour of oil in ice and freezing temperatures, oil-sediment interactions, and the weathering and natural remediation of oil under Arctic conditions. A summary of perspectives concludes the review, with emphasis on possible areas of future work to address research gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117275"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental, economic, and social impacts of cruise development. 邮轮开发对环境、经济和社会的影响。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117279
Ming-Tao Chou, Chih-Jung Huang, Chu-Ting Hsu, Cathay Kuo-Tai Kang
{"title":"Environmental, economic, and social impacts of cruise development.","authors":"Ming-Tao Chou, Chih-Jung Huang, Chu-Ting Hsu, Cathay Kuo-Tai Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the development of the cruise industry, the associated pollution and social impact issues are becoming more severe. The objective of this study is, therefore, to identify the significant impact factors in the cruise development process and to analyze their effects on the natural environment, economy and society. To this end, the study first identified the dimensions and criteria through interviews with experts and a literature review, grouping the dimensions of impact cost into 'natural environment', 'economic' and 'social' using the best-worst method (BWM) resulting in four impact factors included under each dimension, totalling 12 criteria. Methodologically, these criteria were sorted by weight using BWM, resulting in the six most influential factors, which were, in order, 'wastewater, oil pollution and toxic substances', 'exhaust gas and noise', 'low consumption willingness and failure to meet expectations', 'causing urban congestion and traffic jams', 'changing the residents' original lifestyle' and 'vectors of infectious disease transmission'. Following this, the causal diagrams between the various criteria were drawn with the causal relationships between the factors analyzed using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The results of the study showed that 'causing urban congestion and traffic jams' is the key core factor directly affecting the other five. These findings can assist the cruise industry and the local government in formulating effective preventive and improvement measures to minimise the negative environmental and social impacts of cruise development and to ensure the sustainable development of the industry. This study also has important implications for future management and policy formulation in the cruise industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117279"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining the impact of water quality and meteorological drivers on primary productivity in the Baltic Sea. 研究水质和气象因素对波罗的海初级生产力的影响。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117266
Sachin Budakoti
{"title":"Examining the impact of water quality and meteorological drivers on primary productivity in the Baltic Sea.","authors":"Sachin Budakoti","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Baltic Sea highly susceptible to the proliferation of Phytoplankton blooms. Present work examines the long-term trend and spatio-temporal variability of satellite derived chlorophyll concentration (Chl a) in the Baltic Sea during the period 2004-2021. Furthermore, the influence of water quality and meteorological parameters on Baltic Sea primary productivity has been analyzed using robust Generalized Additive Models (GAM) and Granger Causality statistical test. Statistically significant increasing trend in chlorophyll a concentration is observed in the Baltic Sea at the 95 % confidence interval. GAM model reveals that the most significant controlling factor is sea surface temperature (p < 0.0001), followed by nitrate and phosphate. Both GAM and Granger Causality tests confirm that water quality parameters are the major drivers in limiting the growth of Phytoplankton blooms in the Baltic Sea. Summer bloom shows in-phase relationship with Sea surface temperature and out of phase relationship with the phosphate nutrient.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117266"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of material and structure types on drifting speed of fish aggregation devices (FADs) in tuna purse seine fishery. 金枪鱼围网捕捞中材料和结构类型对集鱼装置(FAD)漂移速度的影响。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117282
Yucheng Wang, Cheng Zhou, Rong Wan, Liuxiong Xu, Shaojian Guo
{"title":"Effects of material and structure types on drifting speed of fish aggregation devices (FADs) in tuna purse seine fishery.","authors":"Yucheng Wang, Cheng Zhou, Rong Wan, Liuxiong Xu, Shaojian Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The drifting speed and trajectory of fish aggregation devices (FADs) influence tuna aggregation behavior. Based on expertise, fishermen modify FAD structures to slow down drifting speed, but few studies quantify material and structure effects on this speed. To address this, 14 different types of FAD models were tested under 5 different current velocities in a flume tank and compared drifting using pairwise Wilcoxon tests. Results indicate that 1) FAD models covered with netting exhibited higher drifting speeds than the others. 2) It is feasible that replacing the netting bundle with the cotton rope of the same diameter for constructing submerged structure effectively slows down the drifting speeds of FADs. 3) Additionally, FAD models with a floating structure aspect ratio close to 1 exhibited slower drifting speeds compared to other designs when the submerged structure is the same.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117282"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of structural equation modelling to study complex "blue carbon" cycling in mangrove ecosystems. 应用结构方程模型研究红树林生态系统中复杂的 "蓝碳 "循环。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117290
Anirban Akhand, Hongbin Liu, Anupam Ghosh, Abhra Chanda, Rajarshi Dasgupta, Shillpi Mishrra, Peter I Macreadie
{"title":"Application of structural equation modelling to study complex \"blue carbon\" cycling in mangrove ecosystems.","authors":"Anirban Akhand, Hongbin Liu, Anupam Ghosh, Abhra Chanda, Rajarshi Dasgupta, Shillpi Mishrra, Peter I Macreadie","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blue carbon cycling in mangrove ecosystems is proving to be more complex than previously thought. The objective of this study was the application of structural equation modelling (SEM) to capture such complex and varying data types and provide a holistic understanding of mangrove blue carbon cycling using data from the Indian Sundarban as a test case. We found that SEM was effective at integrating multiple data types and characterizing the processes and variables that regulate the nature and magnitude of CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes within a mangrove ecosystem, including atmosphere-hydrosphere, atmosphere-pedosphere, and net ecosystem exchange. Overall, this study finds that atmospheric, water, and soil temperatures were the main and common drivers of CO<sub>2</sub> effluxes towards the atmosphere from the entire ecosystem, waterbodies, and soils of mangrove ecosystems, respectively. We conclude that SEM is useful for combining data from different sources, gaining an overarching view of the complex biogeochemical cycling of the blue carbon ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117290"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-term trends of heat waves and ecosystem responses in Jiaozhou Bay, the Yellow Sea. 黄海胶州湾热浪和生态系统响应的长期趋势。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117304
Jing Wang, Xiaoxia Sun, Yongfang Zhao, Shan Zheng, Mingliang Zhu
{"title":"Long-term trends of heat waves and ecosystem responses in Jiaozhou Bay, the Yellow Sea.","authors":"Jing Wang, Xiaoxia Sun, Yongfang Zhao, Shan Zheng, Mingliang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With global warming, extreme weather frequently occurs, yet the consequences remain unexplored. A total of 156 heat waves and their characteristics were detected on the basis of a temperature dataset from 1954 to 2022 in Jiaozhou Bay (JZB). The increment is 0.62 times decade<sup>-1</sup> for the number of heat waves, 6.65 days decade<sup>-1</sup> for the sum of participating heat wave days and 0.66 days for the duration of each heat wave. The intensity of heat waves showed regular fluctuations with progressively shorter periods. Based on the dataset of 12 stations in JZB from 2003 to 2022, the zooplankton abundance was significantly greater during heat waves, which was strongly attributed to the greater abundance of copepods and gelatinous zooplankton during heat waves. However, the responses of plankton to heat waves were seasonally heterogeneous. Our study provides new insight into and a scientific basis for understanding the effects of heat waves on offshore plankton ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117304"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A global review on ecotoxicological studies concerning metal and metalloid contamination in Hammerhead Sharks. 有关锤头鲨体内金属和类金属污染的生态毒理学研究全球综述。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117252
Isabela Figueiredo Fraga, Marcelo Vianna, Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
{"title":"A global review on ecotoxicological studies concerning metal and metalloid contamination in Hammerhead Sharks.","authors":"Isabela Figueiredo Fraga, Marcelo Vianna, Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sharks, are highly vulnerable to fishing pressures, a key factor in their global population decline. Chemical pollution, however, especially metal and metalloid contamination, poses significant additional risks. Of around 520 shark species, about 170 are threatened, including the Sphyrna genus (hammerheads). This review examines contamination in these sharks and its ecological and human health implications. A scientometric review indicates limited research, mainly on juveniles and only mercury contamination, with scarce data on other metals, life stages, and consumption thresholds. The findings also indicate a certain amount of Colonial Science concerning ecotoxicological Sphyrna spp. assessments. The expected link between ecotoxicological risks and Sphyrna spp. threat status remains inconclusive due to insufficient data. Notably, larger hammerhead species do not always exhibit higher contamination levels, suggesting that local environmental factors may influence contamination more than biological characteristics. More research is required to understand how environmental pressures impact shark vulnerability and inform conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117252"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysing ship emissions under complex operating conditions: Insights from onboard measurement data. 分析复杂运行条件下的船舶排放:船上测量数据的启示。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117280
Ailong Fan, Bin Li, Junhui Yan, Liu Yang, Yaqing Shu, Yuqi Xiong, Mingyang Zhang
{"title":"Analysing ship emissions under complex operating conditions: Insights from onboard measurement data.","authors":"Ailong Fan, Bin Li, Junhui Yan, Liu Yang, Yaqing Shu, Yuqi Xiong, Mingyang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research evaluated the emission characteristics of old ships during typical operations, under varying cruising speeds, and during lock transit, using a shaft power meter and PEMS. The research revealed that upstream and downstream low-load voyages accounted for 67.9 % and 65.4 % of the total voyage, respectively. The average emission factors of CO, NO<sub>X</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> were highest under lock transit with 17.13±0.51 g/kWh, 16.2±0.62 g/kWh and 1075.37±5.72 g/kWh, respectively, while SO<sub>2</sub> was highest under manoeuvring with 0.46 ± 0.001 g/kWh. Emissions are closely correlated with engine speed, with the largest emissions at cruising, and emissions at departure and docking significantly concentrated in the 10-15 % and 5-10 % loads. This research emphasizes the importance of considering low-load operating conditions in engine test cycles and provides data support for maritime decarbonization and emission reduction strategies. Future research should continue to explore the emission characteristics of old ships.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117280"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of seasonal dynamics on microplastic pollution and its vectorization of heavy metals: An in-vitro toxicity assessment in Artemia franciscana. 季节动态对微塑料污染及其重金属媒介化的影响:法氏金枪鱼体外毒性评估。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学
Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117294
Balamurugan Thangamari Vengatesh, Natarajan Chandrasekaran, Amitava Mukherjee
{"title":"Effect of seasonal dynamics on microplastic pollution and its vectorization of heavy metals: An in-vitro toxicity assessment in Artemia franciscana.","authors":"Balamurugan Thangamari Vengatesh, Natarajan Chandrasekaran, Amitava Mukherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study extensively investigated the abundance of microplastics in Thiruvottiyur coastal area of Chennai, India, before and after Cyclone Michaung. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between microplastic distribution and aftermath rainfall. The concentration of microplastics in sediments increased from 150 ± 48 particles kg<sup>-1</sup> to 186 ± 21 particles kg<sup>-1</sup> after the cyclone. In seawater, the concentration rose from 1.28 particles L<sup>-1</sup> to 3.65 particles L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Heavy metals such as Al, Mg, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Cd, Co, and As were detected on the surface of microplastics, demonstrating their vectorization potential for co-contaminants. After exposure, these microplastics induced oxidative stress in Artemia franciscana with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fluctuations in weather conditions lead to heterogeneous changes in microplastic distribution, revealing the seasonal dynamics of microplastics. This study will provide background information to devise strategies for mitigating microplastic pollution in the marine environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"209 Pt B","pages":"117294"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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