Marine pollution bulletin最新文献

{"title":"An evaluation of the climate effect of selected oil spill response technologies based on their aerial emissions","authors":"Per Johan Brandvik ,&nbsp;Liv-Guri Faksness ,&nbsp;Ragnhild L. Daae ,&nbsp;Jørgen Skancke ,&nbsp;Per S. Daling ,&nbsp;Kristin Stiegler Øye","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil spill response (OSR) techniques are traditionally evaluated based on their ability to remove oil from the environment and to reduce the environmental consequences of the released oil. The objective of this study was to quantify the climate effect of different OSR techniques so this can be included in the evaluation of the different techniques.</div><div>The climate effect based on aerial emissions from OSR operations during a four-day subsea blow-out of 4000 m³/day was quantified. This was done using data from the oil spill model OSCAR simulating fate of the oil, OSR-effectiveness, hours of operation, and operational information for vessels and airplanes like fuel consumption, post operational cleaning of equipment and destruction of recovered emulsion.</div><div>A comparison of the total aerial emissions showed that in-situ burning (ISB) had 9–30 times higher emissions than the other modelled OSR methods; dispersants (vessels and aerial), mechanical recovery and subsea dispersant injection. The soot created during ISB was the dominant contributor to the high climate effect of ISB.</div><div>However, the climate impact represents only one of multiple contributions to the total environmental effect. In some scenarios a response method with high climate impact might be preferred due to reduced impacts on, for example, sensitive ice fauna or high densities of sea birds in a threatened area. This can be evaluated using a net environmental benefit analysis, as a part of oil spill response analysis. In practice, a combination of response options is often used to minimize environmental impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118169"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological environmental characterization and relationship exploration between riverine input and coastal waters of Dalian, China","authors":"Hao Cui ,&nbsp;Ke Liu ,&nbsp;Peng Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Dong ,&nbsp;Jiacheng Sun ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Guowen Wang ,&nbsp;Ziwei Yao ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic pressure and climate change have severely impacted coastal ecosystems. Coastal environmental issues have become a major concern worldwide. The ecological stability of coastal waters requires the establishment of a scientific and systematic conservation program. This paper explores the relationships between riverine inputs and the nutrient structure of the coastal waters of Dalian. It also analyzes the anthropogenic activities from the watershed on riverine systems, utilizing the data collected in Dalian between 2021 and 2023. The results showed that the Bohai Sea part of Dalian coastal had the highest average DIN in spring at 0.114 mg·L⁻¹ and highest PO₄-P in autumn at 0.008 mg·L⁻¹, while the Yellow Sea part had the highest average DIN in spring at 0.095 mg·L⁻¹ and highest PO₄-P in autumn at 0.005 mg·L⁻¹ in 2023. In the two sea areas, significant phosphorus limitation was observed, with a notable proportion of over 74 % of monitoring stations recording the DIN/DIP exceeding 16 across the entire coastal water in autumn. The coastal waters of Dalian are heavily influenced by rivers in different seasons. There are higher concentrations of nutrients and more severe phosphorus limitation in estuaries and bays, which respond well to high nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio nutrient flux inputs from rivers. The nutrient structure of coastal waters is also influenced by physical and biogeochemical processes and current transport. The nutrients from the rivers in the watershed are closely related to anthropogenic activities, and agriculture is an important source. The contribution of nutrient inputs from rivers in different watersheds varies significantly, with the Fuzhou River and Biliu River having the largest input fluxes of TN and TP, amounting to 145.18 and 2.10 t/month and 246.36 and 4.42 t/month in 2023, respectively. It is recommended to adhere to the “land-sea cooperation” and organically integrate the development of watershed nutrient reduction policies with the stabilization of the marine ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118193"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking toxic threats: Bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants in benthic macroinvertebrates of the Gulf of Khambhat, India","authors":"Pooja Thathola ,&nbsp;Moumita Bhowmik ,&nbsp;Soumya Haldar","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Gulf of Khambhat (GoKh), India is impacted by chemical pollution from industrial and anthropogenic activities. This study assesses the presence and bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in coastal waters, sediments, and benthic macroinvertebrates (Polychaeta, Gastropoda, Malacostraca). Four POPs groups such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), α-hexabromocyclododecane (α-HBCD), and bromodiphenyl ethers (BDE) were analysed, with focus on 24 target compounds. PAHs were the most prevalent, with concentrations reaching 8.08 μg/mL in water, 12.15 μg/g in sediment, and 2.07 μg/g in benthic organisms. PCBs, ꭤ- HBCD, and BDE were detected at lower levels. Bioaccumulation factors (BSAF: 0.02–0.42; BSF: 0.01–0.29) indicated significant pollutant uptake, particularly in polychaetes and gastropods. These findings establish baseline data on POPs contamination in GoKh, highlighting the vulnerability of intertidal ecosystems and the need for mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118207"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mercury bioaccumulation and biomagnification in mesopelagic biota","authors":"Bowen Zhang ,&nbsp;Heidi Pethybridge ,&nbsp;Yunkai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the distribution and biomagnification pathways of total mercury (THg) concentrations in three mesopelagic species in the Tasman Sea: two fish (<em>Diaphus hudsoni</em>, <em>Metelectrona ventralis</em>) and one predatory squid (<em>Lycoteuthis lorigera</em>). THg concentrations in muscle tissue ranged from 0.06 to 0.26 μg g⁻¹ dry weight (DW) and were consistently higher in liver tissue (0.15–0.96 μg g⁻¹ DW) across all species. Species-specific variations in THg bioaccumulation and the liver-to-muscle THg ratio suggested differences in mercury metabolism. Stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ¹³C) varied across tissues and species, reflecting a diverse range of bathypelagic habitat utilisation (−19.46 to −16.72 ‰). Bulk and amino acid nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) isotopes provided robust estimates of mean trophic positions of fish (ranging 3.1 to 3.5) and squid (4.3). THg concentrations correlated with isotopic trophic indicators only in L. <em>lorigera</em>, and increased with body size in <em>M. ventralis</em> and L. <em>lorigera</em>, but not in <em>D. hudsoni</em>. THg biomagnification factors between fish and squid ranged between 0.54 and 1.45, indicating limited biomagnification, as confirmed with trophic magnification factors in the liver (1.89) and muscle (0.78). Spatial differences in THg concentrations were evident with higher levels in the eastern region for all species, likely driven by local ecological and environmental conditions. These results highlight the complexity of THg dynamics in mesopelagic food webs and provide important baseline data for future bioaccumulation studies in this and other oceanic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying and managing ship paint microplastic pollution along the supply chain: a shipbuilding case study","authors":"Ginevra Oertel ,&nbsp;Hajnalka Vaagen ,&nbsp;Richard Glavee-Geo","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paint fragments, often linked to ship paint, contribute to more than half of the microplastic pollution in the ocean and waterways. This case study analyses the upstream impact on microplastic pollution in the shipbuilding industry. We evaluate the supply chain activities and decisions related to ship paint and examine how these can impact microplastic pollution. This study is the first to document the possible sources of ship paint microplastic pollution during shipbuilding supply chain activities. We show that specific ‘engineer-to-order’ shipbuilding project characteristics, strategies and paint related operations can lead to decisions which impact microplastic pollution across the project life cycle. The challenges associated with managing this type of pollutant are linked to a lack of regulations, market-based policies and prevailing cost-benefit approaches in the absence of the first two. We discuss the study's contributions and proffer managerial and policy related strategies for managing this marine pollution problem within the industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118182"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting taxonomic information from metagenomes to infer bacterial bioindicators and environmental quality at salmon aquaculture installations","authors":"Verena Rubel ,&nbsp;Sabine Filker ,&nbsp;Anders Lanzén ,&nbsp;Ion Luis Abad ,&nbsp;Thorsten Stoeck","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has emerged as a powerful method for assessing the environmental impacts of marine Atlantic salmon aquaculture by identifying bacterial bioindicators and inferring biotic indices. However, because this approach relies on the PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragments, it may introduce errors that compromise bioindicator reliability. In contrast, metagenomic analysis which captures the complete set of genetic material directly extracted from environmental samples circumvents biases inherent to PCR amplification. We hypothesized that metagenomic data could offer superior assessments of benthic environmental impacts associated with salmon aquaculture compared to metabarcoding. To test this, we compared bacterial community structures derived from both metabarcoding and metagenomic analyses of 68 sediment samples obtained from aquaculture installation sites characterized by varying degrees of benthic impact as determined by macroinvertebrate inventories. Bacterial bioindicators were identified from each dataset, and Random Forest models were used to predict the degrees of benthic impacts. Metagenomics identified a greater number of bioindicators at both the family and individual sequence variant levels, resulting in higher predictive accuracy for impact assessments. Notably, only a few bioindicators were common to both methods, suggesting that methodological limitations and distorted abundance patterns in metabarcoding data may lead to spurious indicators. These findings highlight both the challenges and potential advantages of employing metagenomics for reliable environmental impact assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118173"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of microplastics in the fjords of Tunu (East Greenland)","authors":"C.B. Vetter ,&nbsp;L. Hildebrandt ,&nbsp;T. Zimmermann ,&nbsp;C.E. Schmidt ,&nbsp;F. El Gareb ,&nbsp;D.M. Mitrano ,&nbsp;D. Pröfrock ,&nbsp;H. Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) were surveyed in the fjords of Tunu (East Greenland), contributing important information to the scarce database on plastics in the Arctic. A total of 18 subsurface water samples were collected at eight stations along the northeast coast of Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) in August 2022. Sampling of the MPs was optimized and validated using traceable metal-doped model MPs. Recovery rates of the metal-doped MPs for validation of the sampling process using the Geesthacht Inert MP Fractionator were 78.7 ± 0.7 % (1 <em>SD</em>, <em>n</em> = 3) for a mixture of biofilm-coated Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Polylactic acid (PLA) particles. Samples were analyzed using laser direct infrared (LDIR) imaging. The reported MP number concentrations ranged from 1.0 ± 0.8 L⁻¹ (1 <em>SD</em>, <em>n</em> = 3) to 12 ± 4 L⁻¹ (<em>n</em> = 4) in the size range of 20–500 μm. The highest concentrations were observed at the mouth of the Kangertittivaq (Scoresby Sound), in the vicinity of the settlement Ittoqqortoormiit. PET was identified as the predominant polymer type, representing an average share of 96 %. PLA featured the second highest abundance, accounting for an average 1.6 % share. The analysis of conductivity-temperature-depth profiles revealed no significant evidence of MP input from glacial runoff. The results demonstrate the critical importance of collecting replicate samples, as short-term fluctuations in MP concentration and composition exceeded potential differences in their spatial distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sources and burial fluxes of sedimentary organic carbon from the intensive mariculture zone in Haizhou Bay, China","authors":"Liushuyi Tan ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Jeffrey S. Ren ,&nbsp;Jihong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid development of mariculture would cause a considerable impact on the coastal carbon cycle. For investigating the source and contribution of mariculture to sedimentary organic matter, the composition of sediment cores in Haizhou Bay were analyzed, including ²¹⁰Pb_ex activity, sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), the stable carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) isotopic composition. The sediment accumulation rate in mariculture area varied between 1.7 and 2.8 cm·a⁻¹, which is significantly higher than in control site. The results of the MixSIAR isotope mixing model indicated that shellfish biodeposits and soil organic matter are the primary contributors of sedimentary organic matter (SOM), while marine phytoplankton and seaweeds played a lesser role in the study area. The contribution of shellfish biodeposits to SOM in SF-1, SF-2 and BS were 4.1–36.65 %, 4.7–50.31 % and 5.2–19.0 %, respectively. The terrestrial source were the main contributors in the early years, have been affected by the impact of mariculture activities, and their contribution has gradually declined. The OC burial fluxes from shellfish biodeposits (BF_biodepositis) in SF-1 (6.17–23.82 g·m⁻²·a^-1), SF-2 (7.62–79.71 g·m⁻²·a⁻¹) and BS (2.9–15.25 g·m⁻²·a⁻¹) tended to increase with the increasing scale of mariculture. Intensive shellfish mariculture influenced the sediment carbon sources and burial fluxes in coastal organic carbon cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118168"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surficial sediments along the coast of British Columbia, Canada","authors":"Elizabeth J. Ruberg ,&nbsp;Mark B. Yunker ,&nbsp;Gabriela Aguirre-Martinez ,&nbsp;Kelsey Delisle ,&nbsp;Carmen Morales-Caselles ,&nbsp;Peter S. Ross ,&nbsp;Marie Noël","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 29,000 km coastline of British Columbia (B.C.), Canada, is an area with increasing industrial and shipping activity. Pollution Tracker is the first coast-wide marine pollution monitoring program, generating high resolution contaminant data for sediment samples. Surficial sediment samples were collected as part of the Pollution Tracker Program from 51 sites between 2015 and 2017. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected at all sites, with total PAHs (75 analytes) ranging from 36 to 162,000 nanograms (ng) per gram (g) dry weight (dw). Sediment samples from Prince Rupert Harbour (162,000 ng/g dw) and Victoria Harbour (21,000–47,000 ng/g dw) had the highest PAH levels, consistent with heavy vessel traffic, and a history of urban and marine activities in those areas. Of the 51 sites, 25 % exceeded Canadian marine interim sediment quality guidelines for all 13 PAH analytes. Mean probable effects level quotient values (PEL-Q) indicated 69 % of sites had potential ecological risk associated with PAH exposure from sediment, 25 % of sites had moderate risk, and two sites were categorized as having a high risk of biological effects. Source ratios of four ring and larger parent PAHs indicated combustion is the primary contributor to the hydrocarbon sediment profile, with most samples containing mixed biomass/solid fuel and liquid fuel combustion sources. Correspondingly, petrogenic source apportionment using alkyl naphthalene isomers suggested most samples contained PAHs from both coal and oil sources. Our high-resolution baseline data provides further insight into the sources and fate of PAHs in coastal B.C. marine sediment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118180"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic pellet spills and leakages during maritime transportation: a transdisciplinary approach to understand the complex causal pathways","authors":"Maartje Folbert ,&nbsp;Jetse Stoorvogel ,&nbsp;Ansje Löhr","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic pellets form the second largest source of microplastics in the marine environment and are found around the world. The origin of plastic pellet pollution is often linked to land-based industrial sites and transportation. However, recent spills resulting from accidents with ships have highlighted the significance of maritime shipping as a source of plastic pellet pollution. In addition, plastic pellets may be released from ships into the ocean as a result of operational leakages during maritime transportation. Although the need to address plastic pellet pollution from ships has been globally recognized, the scale and causal pathways behind this source have not been comprehensively documented and knowledge and data remain fragmented across resources and stakeholders. In order to advance the understanding of the causal pathways of plastic pellet spills and leakages during maritime transportation, this paper applied a transdisciplinary approach using mixed methods. These included expert and stakeholder consultations, systematic review of literature and industry data, and ultimately, the integration of all data in the form of cause-consequence diagrams. Causal pathways of plastic pellet spills and leakages during maritime transportation were found to be of four types of events, namely leaking containers, container damage, container lost overboard and loss of the vessel. Both the causes and consequences of these events were described, as such providing a basis for the identification of a comprehensive set of interventions. Mandatory requirements for the transport of plastic pellets should build upon a comprehensive set of interventions, addressing prevention as well as spill response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 118194"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}