{"title":"Blue carbon stock in Tunisian coastal sediments: First assessment and implications for ecosystem conservation and climate change mitigation","authors":"Walid Oueslati , Asma Jlassi , Haifa Ben Mna , Valérie Mesnage , Raja Rahmouni , Ayed Added , Lamia Trabelsi , Lotfi Aleya","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents the first comprehensive study on carbon definitive sequestration in coastal marine sediments in Tunisia. It study aimed to provide insights into the potential role of coastal Tunisian sediments in mitigating carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions and climate change. It compiles carbon data from 32 cores sampled in eight distinct ecosystems along the Tunisian coast, including lagoons (Ghar El Melh, Bizerte and Korba), Lake Ichkeul, seagrass meadows (<em>Posidonia oceanica</em>) in Sidi Rais and Monastir bays along with two gulfs (Tunis and Gabes). The study revealed carbon sequestration rates ranging from 2.1 to 177.6 gC m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, with the highest rates found in <em>P. oceanica</em> meadows while both lagoons seemed recalcitrant to sequestration due to enhanced organic matter degradation. Conversely, Lake Ichkeul, constitutes a good trap with carbon sequestration rate up to 49 gC m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> and remarkably Tunis and Gabes gulfs exhibit exceptionally high levels exceeding 40 %. Although <em>P. oceanica</em> meadows exhibited the highest sedimentation rates (414 and 115 gC m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively), their carbon sequestration was low (40 %). The carbon permanently sequestered in the sediment of the studied environments was around 1243 KtCO<sub>2</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup>, accounting for approximately 4 % of the total CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by Tunisia in 2021. However, considering the short and medium-term sequestration potentials of the 1,33,2815 ha of seagrass meadows in Tunisia, this percentage could attain >100 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117909"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pandi Selvam P , Midhun Mohan , Abhilash Dutta Roy , Tarig Ali , Michael S. Watt , Fatin Samara
{"title":"Advancing oyster habitat mapping: Integrating satellite remote sensing to assess coastal development impacts in northern United Arab Emirates","authors":"Pandi Selvam P , Midhun Mohan , Abhilash Dutta Roy , Tarig Ali , Michael S. Watt , Fatin Samara","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The United Arab Emirates (UAE) with a coastline of more than 1000 km, hosts diverse and valuable marine ecosystems including oyster beds. Coastal development in the region, including construction, reclamation, shipping, wastewater discharge, and tourism growth, has negatively impacted oyster habitats. The objective of this study was to analyze the impacts of coastal urban development on probable oyster habitats from 2018 to 2023 in Northern UAE (Sharjah, Ajman and Umm al Quwain) using atmospherically corrected satellite imagery collected from Sentinel 2A/B. To map the oyster locations, the Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index (NDCI) alongside water body mapping techniques was used, while a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was adopted to visualize growth patterns in coastal urban areas. Our results show that the oyster habitat declined from the initial maximum of 10.30 km<sup>2</sup> in 2018 to a minimum of 3.02 km<sup>2</sup> in 2023, while urban areas concurrently increased over this period from 275 km<sup>2</sup> in 2018 to 475 km<sup>2</sup> in 2023. There was a significant negative correlation between coastal urban area and the oyster habitat area (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.80). Additionally, a logistic regression analysis was used to identify further biophysical and anthropogenic factors conducive to oyster growth. Our results show that generalized urbanization and coastal development is a persistent driver of probable oyster habitat loss and degradation in the northern UAE. The expansion of urbanization and coastal infrastructure development underscores the need for sustainable urban planning practices that prioritize ecological preservation alongside societal progress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117861"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seongbong Seo , Jun Myoung Choi , Young-Je Park , Kwangseok Kim , Young-Gyu Park
{"title":"Origins and pathways of the floating Sargassum in the Yellow and East China Seas","authors":"Seongbong Seo , Jun Myoung Choi , Young-Je Park , Kwangseok Kim , Young-Gyu Park","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using particle tracking modeling, the origins and pathways of floating <em>Sargassum horneri</em> reaching southwestern Korea were investigated. Sargassum that originated from both the Zhejiang coast of China and the northern Yellow Sea (YS) could reach Korea. Sargassum released from Zhejiang between November and February reaches Korea via the Kuroshio Current in about five months. Sargassum from the northern YS moves southward due to the northwesterly winter monsoon. In years with strong anomalous westerly winds, the floating Sargassum could reach Korea within two months. In other years, Sargassum continued to move southward toward the central East China Sea (ECS) and then to southwestern Korea in three to five months. Comparisons with the Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager showed that Sargassum found in the central ECS was mainly of northern origin. Global warming must have enhanced the northern origin to trigger the recent Sargassum blooms in the central ECS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117898"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaochun Xu , Lan Wang , Zhaohua Wang , Yinhuan Qiao , Liming Zuo , Mingjie Liu , Shidong Yue , Xinhua Wang , Xiaomei Zhang , Junhua Liang , Yunling Zhang , Yi Zhou
{"title":"Ecological outcomes of seagrass restoration in the Bohai Sea: Five-year shifts in sediment carbon, microbial diversity, and macrobenthic communities underscore the need for long-term monitoring","authors":"Shaochun Xu , Lan Wang , Zhaohua Wang , Yinhuan Qiao , Liming Zuo , Mingjie Liu , Shidong Yue , Xinhua Wang , Xiaomei Zhang , Junhua Liang , Yunling Zhang , Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seagrass meadow restoration is essential for bolstering ecosystem functions, including biodiversity and carbon sequestration. This study evaluates the ecological impacts of a five-year seagrass restoration effort in the Bohai Sea, with a focus on sediment organic carbon (SOC) storage, microbial diversity, and macrobenthic communities. Using sediment analysis, microbial DNA sequencing, and macrobenthic assessments, we explored how restoration influenced these key parameters. While no statistically significant increases in SOC were observed, trends suggest a gradual rise in carbon accumulation in restored areas. Microbial diversity in the restored site more closely resembled that of natural seagrass meadows, and macrobenthic species number and Margalef richness showed improvement compared to those in bare sediments. These findings indicate that although immediate, significant shifts may be subtle, seagrass restoration contributes to incremental gains in carbon storage and biodiversity. The study underscores the importance of long-term monitoring to fully capture the delayed ecological benefits of restoration efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117790"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anthropogenic solid waste is ubiquitous in bird nests in coastal multiple use protected areas","authors":"Danilo Freitas Rangel , Leonardo Lopes Costa , Ítalo Braga Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic solid residues are a serious environmental issue, affecting both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Birds are particularly vulnerable to waste exposure, as they can interact with it through ingestion, entanglement, or by incorporating residues into their nests. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of anthropogenic residues in bird nests and how socio-environmental parameters affect nest anthropogenic contamination within and outside coastal protected areas. The results showed a widespread occurrence of anthropogenic residues in nests of 10 out of 17 bird species studied. Specifically, in nests of Great Kiskadee <em>Pitangus sulphuratus</em> a high contamination frequency (95 %) was verified. In the Generalized Linear Model urbanization levels and vegetation cover assessed using Human Modification Metric (HMc) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) did not have statistically significant effects on the presence of anthropogenic residues in bird nests. Similarly, nest location (inside or outside protected areas boundaries) and substrate type (natural or artificial) were not related to contamination level. Therefore, our results suggest that anthropogenic residues are already ubiquitous even within less anthropized areas. Such findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced waste management strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of anthropogenic waste on wildlife and local ecosystems, particularly in protected areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117910"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing a harmonized decision framework for shoreline marine debris monitoring across APEC economies","authors":"Jongsu Lee , Jongmyoung Lee , Sunwook Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a harmonized decision framework to guide APEC economies in designing shoreline marine debris monitoring programs. By reviewing 31 monitoring programs, we identified five core elements of goals/objectives, debris targets, spatial scale, data collection and management practices and developed eleven decision criteria to guide program design, including objectives, debris size, categories, spatial scale, site selection, training, intervals, measurements, quality control, database management, and data analysis. The study emphasizes tailoring programs to local contexts while ensuring global comparability. Case studies from Peru and Chile validate the framework's adaptability, addressing diverse environmental and economic needs. Key findings highlight the importance of resource efficiency, quality assurance, and technological tools for data management. The framework balances standardization with local adaptability, promoting globally comparable monitoring efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117877"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonija Bulić , Stjepan Orhanović , Ivana Pezelj , Ivana Ujević
{"title":"First detection of the gymnodimine A isomer, 13-desmethylspirolide D and pinnatoxin G in mussels from Croatia's southern Adriatic Sea","authors":"Antonija Bulić , Stjepan Orhanović , Ivana Pezelj , Ivana Ujević","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyclic imines (CIs) are lipophilic marine toxins produced by dinoflagellates, that are known for their neurotoxic effects and have raised concern among food regulatory agencies due to insufficient data on their presence. This study is the first to systematically investigate the possible presence of 29 CIs in shellfish from the southern Adriatic Sea in Croatia. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry were used to analyse 126 mussel samples. For the first time, 13-desmethylspirolide D (13-desme SPX D), pinnatoxin G (PnTX G) and a gymnodimine (GYM) A isomer were detected in wild and farmed mussels from the region. The highest level of PnTX G was measured in August at 9.77 μg/kg, while 13-desme SPX D reached a maximum value of 3.55 μg/kg in June. In addition, 13-desmethylspirolide C (SPX 1) and GYM A were detected in the majority of samples, with GYM A reaching a maximum value of 39.28 μg/kg in June and SPX 1 reaching a maximum value of 13.79 μg/kg in April. The statistical analysis confirmed a seasonal pattern for GYM A, while SPX 1 showed no seasonality. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of SPX 1 and GYM A between wild and farmed mussels. However, samples collected in the same month during the 2021–2023 monitoring period showed year-to-year variations in their concentrations. Due to the lack of sufficient data, no statistically significant variations could be confirmed for 13-desme SPX D, PnTX G and the GYM A isomer in the period 2021–2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117888"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in the abundance, concentration, and composition of the microplastics and fibers in gray seals (Halichoerus Grypus Atlantica) scat on Nantucket Island in July and November 2019 and January 2020","authors":"Shannon Hogan , Stephanie Wood , Juanita Urban-Rich","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine mammals are important bioindicators for pollution such as microplastics and ecosystem health. This study is the first to report the presence of fibers and microplastics (hard fragments, foams, films, tire pieces, and knots) in gray seal (<em>Halichoerus grypus atlantica</em>) scat from Nantucket Island in the Northwest Atlantic. Microplastics and fibers (MPF) were found in 100 % of the scat (<em>n</em> = 19) with an average of 34 ± 23 MPF/scat. Differences in the amount, size, and type of microplastics and fibers present in the scat were observed. July scat contained the highest abundance of fibers and microplastics compared to the November and January scat. July scat also contained more microplastics >500 μm compared to November and January samples. November samples were dominated by microplastics <500 μm. In the samples, 32–24 % of the fibers and particles were synthetic and 68–76 % were cellulose-based (e.g. cellulose acetate, cotton). Polyester and nylon were always the dominant synthetic polymers observed. However, changes in polystyrene, polypropylene, and polyethylene along with unique polymers occurred between sampling times. Changes in the amount, size, and composition of the microplastics and fibers could potentially be due to changes in diet or seasonal changes in plastic inputs and passage through the food web. These changes in the amount and type of plastics and fibers could impact the health of all seal age classes indicating the need for more understanding of how microplastics and fibers change throughout the year and how they move through food webs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117893"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander O. MacGillivray , Forest M.C. Stothart , Connor H. Grooms , Zizheng Li , Mikhail M. Zykov
{"title":"Ocean noise contributors in southern resident killer whale habitat","authors":"Alexander O. MacGillivray , Forest M.C. Stothart , Connor H. Grooms , Zizheng Li , Mikhail M. Zykov","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contributions of different marine sectors to underwater noise pollution within endangered Southern Resident killer whale (SRKW) habitat were investigated using a soundscape model for continental shelf waters off British Columbia and Washington State. Inputs to the model included Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel traffic data, aerial survey estimates of non-AIS traffic, and an extensive database of underwater vessel noise measurements. Model results suggested that roll-on-roll-off ferries had the greatest region-wide contribution to broadband sound pressure level (SPL), followed by container ships, bulk carriers, anchored cargo vessels, and oil tankers. Fishing and recreational vessels had large seasonal contributions in two killer whale masking bands, after accounting for non-AIS vessel presence. Monthly-average SPL from vessels exceeded wind-driven ambient sound by >10 dB throughout most of the study area. These findings highlight the potential impact of vessel activity on acoustic habitat quality for SRKW and other marine animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117859"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Persistent elevated levels of dissolved lead in the Indian Ocean post-leaded gasoline ban: The impact of anthropogenic activities, sediment desorption, and dust storms","authors":"Chhaya Yadav , Sunil Kumar Singh , Venkatesh Chinni","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the distribution of dissolved lead (dPb) in the Indian Ocean, based on seawater samples collected during winter monsoon GI10 (2020) and spring inter-monsoon GI09 (2021) cruises. A total of 510 samples were analyzed for dPb concentrations using HR-ICP-MS coupled with seaFAST system. The study emphasizes the spatial distribution of dPb in the Indian Ocean, identifying major sources and key influencing factors. Concentrations of dPb in the mixed layer ranged from 23 to 114 pM, with elevated values in the northern Indian Ocean. A pronounced latitudinal gradient was observed as the dPb concentration decreased from north to south. The atmospheric lead fluxes range from 35–1439 Mmol y<sup>−1</sup> in the Arabian Sea and 22–281 Mmol y<sup>−1</sup> in the Bay of Bengal, while lead contributions from continental shelf sediments vary between 1.8–2 Mmol y<sup>−1</sup> and 5.9–10.7 Mmol y<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Atmospheric deposition is the dominant source of dPb in both basins. However, the substantially higher Pb contribution from continental shelf sediments in the Bay of Bengal highlights the impact of enhanced sediment loading, primarily driven by the Ganga-Brahmaputra River system. Among the Asian countries, China and India have exhibited a substantial rise in lead emissions by coal combustion, with an increase of approximately 4.3 to 4.8 times over a last 33-year period, amounting to 12.5×10<sup>3</sup> and 82.8×10<sup>3</sup> tons y<sup>−1</sup> for India and China respectively in 2023, highlighting their rapid industrialization and heavy reliance on coal. Apart from coal combustion, climatic events such as the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), which controls dry/wet conditions, dust storms, and bushfires, play a substantial role in the addition of dPb over the southern Indian Ocean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117874"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}