Marine pollution bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Recent advances in the detection of microplastics in the aqueous environment by electrochemical sensors: A review","authors":"Jinhui Liu ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Niu ,&nbsp;Wanqing Wu ,&nbsp;Ziyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Ye Ning ,&nbsp;Qinggong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs), as an emerging contaminant, have become a serious threat to marine ecosystems due to their small size, widespread distribution and easy ingestion by organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to develop various analytical techniques to detect MPs in real water environment. Among these detection techniques, the advantages of electrochemical sensors, such as easy operation, high sensitivity and low cost, provide the possibility of online real-time detection of MPs in real water environment. The aim of this article is to analyze and compare the advantages and disadvantages of different MPs detection techniques. Compilation of various electrochemical sensors, we compiled various electrochemical sensors, evaluated the recent advances in carbon materials, metals and their oxides, biomass materials, composite materials, and microfluidic chips in electrochemical sensors for detecting MPs, and in-depth investigated their detection mechanisms and sensing performances, proposed hotspot nanomaterials for electrochemical sensors that could be used to detecting MPs and gave an outlook on the last years of electrochemical sensors in the area of microplastic detection. Finally, the challenges of electrochemical sensors for the detection of MPs are discussed and perspectives for this area are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117695"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A decision framework for sustainable industrial water pollution control to protect marine environments","authors":"Xiangchen Wang ,&nbsp;M. Mehdi Shafieezadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial water pollution significantly threatens marine environments, impacting aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity. This study develops a decision-making framework employing the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to prioritize sustainable water pollution control measures, considering their effectiveness, environmental impact, cost-efficiency, feasibility, and compliance. Four control methods—Membrane Filtration, Activated Carbon Filtration, Biological Treatment, and Chemical Precipitation—are assessed for their potential to mitigate industrial wastewater's adverse effects on marine ecosystems. Results reveal that membrane filtering emerges as the most sustainable option, with a closeness coefficient of 0.615, demonstrating high pollutant removal efficiency and low ecological footprint. Activated carbon filtration follows closely, while chemical precipitation scores are the weakest due to secondary waste challenges. This framework provides actionable insights for industries to adopt environmentally responsible practices, contributing to preserving marine ecosystems and aligning with global sustainability objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117726"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources, transport and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a typical river-estuary system in the North China: From a new perspective of PAHs loading","authors":"Ke Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Wang ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yawen Wei ,&nbsp;Gang Zhao ,&nbsp;Xing Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Cui ,&nbsp;Jianbo Han","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sediment particles and organic carbon regulate the transport and burial of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the suspended particle matter (SPM) of rivers and estuarine sediments. In this study, we assessed the source, biological and health risks of the PAHs, and examined the riverine transport and burial of PAHs based on their spatial distributions and sediment surface area (SSA) in river SPM and estuarine sediments in the North China. The results showed that the river SPM was dominated by low molecular weight PAHs (LMW, 2–3 rings; 59.3 %), while the river and estuarine sediments were dominated by high molecular weight PAHs (HMW, 4–6 rings; river sediments: 70.8 % and estuarine sediments: 72.2 %) due to the degradation of LMW PAHs during transport. Quantitative estimation using principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) revealed mixed combustion of petroleum and coal to be the dominant PAH source (river samples: 67.9 % and estuary samples: 85 %). The results based on the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) model indicated that the values of dermal contact were higher than 10⁻⁶, suggesting that there were potential carcinogenic health risks. Using PAHs loading (PAHs normalized to SSA), we estimated the burial efficiency of HMW PAHs (89.1 %) to be significantly higher than that of LMW PAHs (17.8 %) in the river SPM. These findings could provide new insights into the fate of contaminants in coastal sediments, and our results provide data support and theoretical basis for the ecological and environmental protection and policy formulation for river-estuary system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117692"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reefs of Brachidontes exustus and Petaloconchus spp. as traps and sink for microplastics in tropical coastal areas","authors":"Suelen N. Santos ,&nbsp;Nykon Craveiro ,&nbsp;Fausthon Fred da Silva ,&nbsp;Severino Alves Júnior ,&nbsp;José Geraldo A. Pacheco ,&nbsp;Ana P. Arcanjo ,&nbsp;Wendell Benvenuto Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Yasmim Samara S. Cavalcante ,&nbsp;José S. Rosa Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants in marine environments. This study quantified, chemically identified, and described MPs in reefs of <em>Brachidontes exustus</em> and <em>Petaloconchus</em> spp. on the tropical coast of Brazil. Samples were collected in reefs of northeastern Brazil in the dry (February) and rainy (July) seasons of 2023. MPs were classified (shape and color), measured, and counted. MPs were present in all samples. Most MPs were transparent fibers, with more particles in <em>Brachidontes</em> reefs and during the rainy season. MPs were mainly polystyrene, polypropylene, polyester, and polyamide. The characteristics of reefs and seasonal changes in rainfall are the main drivers of the accumulation of MPs, and the shape and chemical composition of particles reveal that their principal source is probably the textile and apparel industry. The trapping of MPs in <em>Petaloconhus</em> spp. and <em>Brachidontes exustus</em> reefs reveals that biogenic reefs may be a sink for microplastics in tropical coastal areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117706"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic contamination in the mangroves of Piraquê-Açu and Piraquê-Mirim rivers, Aracruz (Brazil): An analysis in sediment, water, and biota","authors":"Karina Machado Menezes ,&nbsp;Mercia Barcellos da Costa ,&nbsp;João Marcos Schuab ,&nbsp;Gustavo Zambon Dalbó ,&nbsp;Mateus Marçal Alves ,&nbsp;Enrique Ronald Yapuchura Ocarisd ,&nbsp;Fabio Lameiro Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangroves are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and marine environments, typical of tropical and subtropical regions. They contribute to socio-economic development by providing fisheries resources, which are essential for income generation and a significant source of animal protein. Thus, the consumption of marine organisms, particularly contaminated bivalves, represents a potential route for human exposure to microplastics (MPs). This study evaluated the presence, spatiotemporal distribution, and characterization of microplastics in sediment, surface water, and two bivalve species used for human consumption. Samples were collected from five distinct sites across the Aracruz mangrove (ES) to ensure a comprehensive representation of the study area. A total of 7806 microplastic particles were detected in the analyzed matrices, with the highest concentrations found in sediments, corroborating existing literature that identifies sediments as sinks for MPs. Filament-type microplastics predominated in all matrices, aligning with previous studies that report this form as prevalent in mangrove sediments. Blue microplastics were the most frequently observed across all matrices, potentially associated with discarded or abandoned fishing gear, a common practice in fishing zones. <em>Crassostrea rhizophorae</em> exhibited a higher concentration of MPs compared to <em>Mytella strigata</em>. Analysis of dry and wet periods revealed higher MP concentrations during the dry season, potentially explained by reduced dilution and increased accumulation of pollutants, while rainy seasons promoted MP transport to larger water bodies. A positive correlation between MPs in bivalves and those in surface water suggests that waterborne MPs are a significant contamination source for filter-feeding organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117696"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing biomonitoring and conservation: A non-lethal method to extract microplastics from the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum","authors":"Leonardo Mario Siqueira Morais ,&nbsp;Victória Akim ,&nbsp;Daiane Aviz ,&nbsp;David Chelazzi ,&nbsp;Alessandra Cincinelli ,&nbsp;Laura Sforzi ,&nbsp;Tommaso Giarrizzo ,&nbsp;José Eduardo Martinelli Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sea anemone <em>Bunodosoma cangicum</em> is a potential biomonitor species of microplastic (MP) contamination. However, current MP extraction methods for this species, and most organisms, are lethal to the specimens. This poses the risk of negatively impact on local populations, which are already under considerable anthropogenic pressures. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate a non-lethal method to extract MPs from the gastrovascular cavity of <em>B. cangicum</em>. The method consists of inducing egestion by pressing the anemone's central column with the aid of a stainless-steel instrument. The proposed technique was applied to 40 anemones sampled in the intertidal zone of a marine beach on the Brazilian Amazon coast. The recovered particles were characterized by Focal Plane Array Fourier Transform Infrared (FPA-FTIR) microscopy. The MP content obtained by the non-lethal method was then compared with that obtained by the lethal techniques applied previously at the same site. An additional 30 anemones from the same area were used in laboratory experiments to evaluate the method's effects on growth, survival, and predatory performance. The non-lethal method retrieved quantities, sizes and shapes of MPs similar to those recovered by dissection techniques. Furthermore, the exposure to the method had no significant effects on the organism's growth, survival and predatory performance. Therefore, the non-lethal method proved to be efficient in extracting MPs from the gastrovascular cavity of <em>B. cangicum</em> without causing deleterious effects. Thus, the proposed method enhances the species' potential as a biomonitor, as it easily allows numerous organisms to be adequately sampled without sacrificing them.</div></div><div><h3>Capsule</h3><div>The non-lethal method proved to be efficient in extracting MPs from the gastrovascular cavity of <em>B. cangicum</em> without causing deleterious effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prooxidant-based polyolefins exhibiting no evidence of biodegradation under marine environments","authors":"Adchara Padermshoke ,&nbsp;Yingjun An ,&nbsp;Thinh Van Nguyen ,&nbsp;Yutaka Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ito ,&nbsp;Atsushi Takahara","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of oxo-biodegradable plastics has become increasingly controversial due to insufficient evidence supporting their environmental benefits. In particular, their biodegradability in marine environments remains poorly understood, sparking a global concern that the rapid abiotic fragmentation of these plastics could harm marine ecosystems. Here, we assessed the marine biodegradability of polyethylene and polypropylene films containing a commercial oxo-biodegradable prooxidant and compared them to their untreated counterparts using biochemical oxygen demand tests. Our findings revealed that while the prooxidant enhanced oxidative degradation and fragmentation of the polymers, it did not improve their marine biodegradability. Neither the initial nor the UV-exposed samples, with or without the prooxidant, exhibited significant marine biodegradability. The accelerated oxidative breakdown of these so-called oxo-biodegradable polyolefins, coupled with their limited marine biodegradability, may worsen the ocean microplastic pollution. Therefore, the potential environmental risks of using prooxidants should be carefully considered to prevent unintended negative impacts on the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117697"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driving factors of TOC concentrations in four different types of estuaries (canal, urban, agricultural, and natural estuaries) identified by machine learning technique","authors":"Zhongyuan Yang ,&nbsp;Sha Lou ,&nbsp;Shizhe Chen ,&nbsp;Gangfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Irina Viktorovna Fedorova ,&nbsp;Shuguang Liu ,&nbsp;Junbiao Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangroves are among the most significant organic carbon sinks on Earth. However, the drivers of mangrove carbon remain poorly understood due to the lack of data on organic carbon across different types of estuaries. In this study, boosted regression tree (BRT) was used to relate Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentrations to explanatory variables describing water quality, nutrients, and meteorological characteristics of four estuaries in southwest Florida, USA. TOC concentrations were primarily enhanced by low salinity, with elevated NO₂⁻-N concentrations in natural estuary, increased PO₄³⁻-P concentrations in agricultural estuary, decreased PO₄³⁻-P concentrations in canal estuary, and higher temperatures in urban estuary. These findings suggest that terrestrial inputs and photosynthesis play a crucial role in regulating TOC concentrations. Nutrient behavior varied depending on the specific estuarine environment. Based on these relations, a BRT model was developed to predict the annual average TOC fluxes in estuaries from 2002 to 2008. During the wet season, TOC fluxes in the estuaries showed net export, whereas in the dry season, most estuaries exhibited net input, except for the Henderson estuary, which showed net export. Notably, the canal estuary had the highest fluxes of both export (62.81 t/d) and input (−3.27 t/d). These results indicate that estimating TOC fluxes should be based on local environmental factors such as salinity, nutrients (NO₂⁻-N, PO₄³⁻-P), and temperature. Carbon sinks and sources should be more accurately identified by considering the differences in mangrove estuary types and seasonal variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117701"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response patterns of benthic functioning in tropical estuaries under varying scales of anthropogenic perturbations","authors":"Soniya Sukumaran ,&nbsp;Jyoti Mulik ,&nbsp;S. Neetu ,&nbsp;T. Sneha ,&nbsp;Alok K. Thampan","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multifarious human pressures can adversely impact estuaries' benthic functioning, yet this is less understood in tropical regions. This study examined the macrobenthic functional patterns of three differentially impacted tropical estuaries to elucidate the response of traits to stress, link taxonomical and functional structures and metrics and identify influential environmental factors of benthic functioning. Taxonomic and functional indices were positively correlated, suggesting that estuaries were vulnerable to functional shifts following species extinction due to environmental changes. Traits like ‘feeding behavior’, ‘position in sediment’, ‘lifespan’ and ‘ecological sensitivity’ were found effective markers of stressed zones, where resistant modalities predominated in response to disturbances. Rao's Quadratic entropy (RaoQ) successfully distinguished estuarine zones based on pollution levels, while other functional metrics (richness, evenness, divergence) exhibited anomalous trends. The complementary RLQ and Fourth-corner analyses could effectively discriminate disturbed zones in Ulhas, the estuary with a strong pollution gradient. Specific bivariate functional trait-environmental factor relationships were stronger in more impacted estuaries, while they were less so in the less impacted estuary. Environmental filtering facilitated trait clustering in polluted zones and trait divergence in less polluted estuaries. Salinity, pollutants and granulometry were the major influential factors of functional metrics. The Pressure Index was negatively correlated with RaoQ index only in Ulhas indicating that the discriminatory abilities of functional traits and indices were most effective in highly polluted estuaries. These results provide valuable insights to support sustainable management practices for these critical coastal ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117702"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated macrobenthic TITAN, AMBI, and M-AMBI indices for assessment of marine ecological quality in the East China Sea","authors":"Wanhong Han ,&nbsp;Runxuan Yan ,&nbsp;Songyao Peng ,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yushu Yang ,&nbsp;Qingxi Han","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Macrobenthic species are effective indicators of marine environmental stress, making them valuable for ecological assessments. This study collected data on macrobenthos and environmental factors in the East China Sea (ECS) during 2019–2020. Through Threshold Indicator Taxa Analysis (TITAN), 21 indicator species were identified, with annelids being the most abundant. A critical dissolved oxygen (DO) threshold (DO &lt;3.71 mg/L) was identified, revealing hypoxic conditions at about 10 % of sites. Depth significantly influenced species distribution, with responses clustering around 50 m. DIN and chlorophyll-a exhibited low thresholds, while TP showed a wider range. The AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI) indicated slightly disturbed ecological conditions, while Multivariate AZTI's Marine Biotic Index (M-AMBI) reflected good overall quality. AMBI provided a broad baseline of ecological health through long-term community responses, while TITAN captured dynamic responses of species to localized environmental pressures. The combination of these three macrobenthic indices complemented each other's limitations, enhancing the comprehensiveness of the assessment, and the findings highlight the importance of integrating these indices to improve marine ecosystem management and provide early warning signals for environmental changes, offering valuable guidance for future conservation and restoration efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 117704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}