Marine pollution bulletinPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117343
Hugo F Olivares-Rubio, Guadalupe Ponce-Vélez
{"title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during the 21st Century in Southern Gulf of Mexico, a prominent petroleum area: A review.","authors":"Hugo F Olivares-Rubio, Guadalupe Ponce-Vélez","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Petroleum industry in the southern Gulf of Mexico possesses relevant importance for the Mexican economy but it has also impacted the marine and coastal environments of this region. The objective of the current review is to provide a substantial panorama of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the XXI century. The highest PAHs concentration in water was found in the Dos Bocas Maritime Terminal and the Mecoacán Lagoon; sediments and cores were found in Sontecomapan, Mandinga, and La Mancha Lagoons; maximum PAHs levels in biota were found in fish in Términos Lagoon. PAHs in water and oysters were comparable to others around the world; sediments concentrations were higher than in other regions. Mecoacán Lagoon, coastal shelf Tamaulipas, and Cayo Arcas Reef Complex showed a higher risk estimation based on sediment concentrations. It is necessary to establish monitoring programs in the study region due to the trends found in PAHs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"210 ","pages":"117343"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine pollution bulletinPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117320
Xiaochen Hao, Cheng He, Ziru Lian
{"title":"Fluorescence turn-on recognition of trace acetamiprid in seawater using selective molecularly imprinted polymer-based nanoprobe.","authors":"Xiaochen Hao, Cheng He, Ziru Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel imprinted composite nanoprobe for fluorescence turn-on recognition of acetamiprid was fabricated and applied to rapidly and sensitively detect trace-level acetamiprid in seawater. The fluorescent probe was prepared using modified fluorescein isothiocyanate as a response unit to improve the sensitivity of signal transmission. The quantitative analysis of acetamiprid was obtained by measuring fluorescence enhancement efficiency of the probe. Under optimal conditions, a good linear relationship with a determination coefficient of 0.9988 was demonstrated in the range of 0-45 μg L<sup>-1</sup> and the limit of detection was 1.5 μg L<sup>-1</sup>. The developed fluorescence-enhancing nanoprobe was utilized in determination of acetamiprid in seawater samples and achieved recoveries from 96.00 % to 104.00 % with the relative standard deviations <5.88 % (n = 3). This study offered a promising strategy for simple, reliable and sensitive detection of acetamiprid by embedding fluorescent dye in molecularly imprinted material as highly selective probes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"210 ","pages":"117320"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine pollution bulletinPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117330
Pengpeng Wang, Fang Zhang, Dongjie Guo, Xupeng Chi, Song Feng, Song Sun
{"title":"Trophic diversity of the bloom-forming jellyfish community in the coastal waters of China assessed by stable isotope analysis.","authors":"Pengpeng Wang, Fang Zhang, Dongjie Guo, Xupeng Chi, Song Feng, Song Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A growing realization indicates that the trophic ecology of jellyfish is more diverse than once thought, yet a holistic view reflecting the trophic structure and trophodynamics in bloom-forming jellyfish community remains rare. Based on stable isotope δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N analysis, we estimated the trophic characteristics of common blooms jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai, Cyanea spp., Aurelia coerulea and Aequorea spp. in the coastal waters of China (CWC). Our data indicated that most of the isotopic niche space in the overall planktonic food web was occupied by the bloom-forming jellyfish community. The large spectrum of isotopic niche highlights the diverse ecological roles and potentially broad trophic relevance of these jellyfish in the food web. The substantial trophic diversity of these jellyfish resulted from the various trophic positions occupied by different taxa, complicated niche differentiation and overlap patterns, inconsistent size-based trophic variation, and spatial and temporal variation patterns. Isotopic niche comparisons indicated the presence of niche differentiation, reflecting the difference and individual-specific characteristic in resource exploitation and feeding preference among different jellyfish. Additionally, the inconsistent size-based trophic variation among groups derived from an increase in trophic level with size for Cyanea spp., A. coerulea and Aequorea spp. medusae to no change for N. nomurai medusae, which suggests the complexity in size-related trophic shift patterns within the jellyfish group. Additional diversity also arose from variation in the spatiotemporal structuring of jellyfish trophic ecology, which might be caused by the occurrence of trophic heterogeneity at the base of the planktonic food web. In conclusion, our study characterized the trophic structures of the bloom-forming jellyfish community in the CWC, and revealed their trophic diversity resulting from interspecific, intraspecific (ontogenetic), and spatiotemporal variation. These results hold strong potential to further improve the understanding of the trophic ecology and functional roles of the jellyfish community. Furthermore, this study provides a systematic and valuable isotopic data set, spanning from the food web baseline to zooplanktonic organisms and jellyfish community, against which compare with trophic investigations in future in planktonic food web of the CWC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"210 ","pages":"117330"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine pollution bulletinPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117338
Ke Liu, Jie Fu, Li Li, Daolai Zhang, Xiaotong Xiao
{"title":"Source characteristics and quantitative estimates of organic carbon composition in the intertidal zones of Jiaozhou Bay, China.","authors":"Ke Liu, Jie Fu, Li Li, Daolai Zhang, Xiaotong Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) intertidal zone is a significant carbon reservoir that plays a crucial role in transporting and accumulating organic matter; however, quantitative studies of organic matter sources are scarce. In this study, we present bulk parameters of total organic carbon (TOC), TOC/TN, δ<sup>13</sup>C, and biomarker contents in 36 surface sediment samples from the JZB intertidal zones to quantify the contribution of organic carbon (OC) derived from terrestrial/marine sources, such as C<sub>3</sub> plants, C<sub>4</sub> plants, estuarine productivity, sewage outlets, and marine productivity. The results demonstrated that a two-end-member model based on the traditional indicators of TOC/TN or δ<sup>13</sup>C is not appropriate for quantifying the OC source. The presence of C<sub>3</sub> plants, C<sub>4</sub> plants, and sewage outlets in the JZB intertidal zone could lead to errors in determining OC contribution when solely using TOC/TN or δ<sup>13</sup>C. A classical mixing diagram (three-end-member model) utilizing TOC/TN and δ<sup>13</sup>C values revealed that OC contribution was dominated by marine productivity throughout the intertidal zone. In the west, the average OC contribution from marine productivity, estuarine productivity, and C<sub>4</sub> plants was 73.8 %, 14.2 %, and 12.0 %, respectively. In the east, the average OC contribution from marine productivity, estuarine productivity, and sewage outlets was 57.6 %, 24.9 %, and 17.4 %, respectively. The higher OC contribution from marine productivity in the west was attributed to the occurrence of Spartina alterniflora, while the OC contribution from estuarine productivity in the east was primarily due to the presence of more rivers flowing into the JZB compared to the west. By combining biomarkers and OC contents, a significant positive relationship verified the suitability of the end-member values selected for the three-end-member mixing model in the west and east intertidal zones of JZB. This finding was further supported by principal component analysis (PCA) analyses of these proxies. This study demonstrated that OC sources in intertidal zones varied among contrasting coastal environmental conditions and addressed the knowledge gap regarding biogeochemical cycles and ecological protection in the JZB intertidal zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"210 ","pages":"117338"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isotopic characteristics of antifouling paints and fractionation of Cu and Zn isotopes during dissolution by seawater and their adsorption to marine sediments.","authors":"Seokyoon Jang, Mansik Choi, Youn-Joong Jeong, Dongjin Joe, Dasom Yang, Minjae Lee, Jinwoo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The elemental and isotopic (δ<sup>65</sup>Cu and δ<sup>66</sup>Zn) characteristics of 34 AFP samples from 5 paint manufacturers, the isotopic fractionation during the dissolution of AFPs by seawater, and the subsequent adsorption of isotopes onto coastal fine-grained sediments were investigated to identify potential indicators (metal ratios and isotopes). The δ<sup>65</sup>Cu and δ<sup>66</sup>Zn values for 34 AFPs could be divided into 2 groups regardless of the type of paint or manufacturer. Dissolution by seawater induced substantial fractionation but δ<sup>65</sup>Cu and δ<sup>66</sup>Zn approached the bulk AFP values when the leached fraction increased. The adsorption of metals onto marine sediments resulted in substantial fractionation (Δ<sup>65</sup>Cu<sub>soln-solid</sub> = 0.91 ± 0.30 ‰ and Δ<sup>66</sup>Zn = -0.14 ± 0.07 ‰), but the δ<sup>65</sup>Cu values in sediments were similar to those in bulk AFP because almost all of the Cu adsorbed to marine sediments within 12 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"211 ","pages":"117423"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agoes Soegianto, Wildanun Mukholladun, Trisnadi Widyaleksono Catur Putranto, Ary Marchellina, Latifah Binti Abd Manaf, Yulia Irnidayanti, Mark G J Hartl, Carolyn Melissa Payus
{"title":"Evidence of microcystin bioaccumulation and its effects on structural alterations in various shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) tissues from shrimp aquaculture in the northern coastal region of East Java, Indonesia.","authors":"Agoes Soegianto, Wildanun Mukholladun, Trisnadi Widyaleksono Catur Putranto, Ary Marchellina, Latifah Binti Abd Manaf, Yulia Irnidayanti, Mark G J Hartl, Carolyn Melissa Payus","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcystins are generated by diverse cyanobacteria in shrimp ponds marked by high nutrient levels. The study examined microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) in the pond water, gills, hepatopancreas, and muscle of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from shrimp ponds on the northern coast of East Java and its effects on their histological structures. In shrimp ponds dominated by cyanobacteria particularly Microcystis and Oscillatoria, MC-LR levels were high. In pond water, Microcystis and Oscillatoria levels increased along with NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, clarity, and salinity. Shrimp tissues, such as the gills and hepatopancreas, experienced elevated MC-LR concentrations as a consequence of the MC-LR toxin increase in pond water. Shrimp inhabitants of ponds with elevated MC-LR concentrations exhibited significant changes in histological architecture, like hyperplasia in gill tissue and extensive vacuolation in hepatopancreas tissue. L. vannamei muscle samples show MC-LR amounts below the WHO's recommended daily intake of 0.04 μg/kg body weight/day, indicating no health risks to humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"211 ","pages":"117467"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Inal, Samir Bachouche, Samir Rouidi, Amine Bouhadja
{"title":"Distribution and composition of seafloor macrolitter in the trawlable fishing areas along the Algerian coast (Western Mediterranean).","authors":"Ahmed Inal, Samir Bachouche, Samir Rouidi, Amine Bouhadja","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 254 fishing hauls were sampled with a GOC73 bottom trawl during the four demersal resource assessment research cruises, respectively, in 2016, 2019, 2021 and 2022, carried out on board the BELKACEM GRINE research vessel (R/V). We performed the hauls between 22 and 660 m of depth, after which we counted and weighed each piece of marine litter separately to the nearest 0.5 g. The results show that marine litter densities varied between 1350 and 5813 item/km<sup>2</sup>. Thus, plastic is the most abundant litter, it represents a mean rate of 76 % of the whole marine litter. Among this plastic, 3.8 % was identified as fishing gears or fishing related objects. Therefore, the average loss in catch was estimated at 7 % over the study period. However, the highest density of marine litter was found in the region of Bejaia located in the Center part of the Algerian coast. Moreover, the bathymetric and geographical variability had a significant impact on both density and weight of marine litter. A marine litter monitoring program is necessary for offering a more effective solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"211 ","pages":"117468"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luana Portz, Ana Murgas-Vargas, Priscila Teixeira Campos, Diego Andres Villate-Daza, Rogerio Portantiolo Manzolli
{"title":"How natural disasters affect the distribution of marine litter in protected island ecosystems (Seaflower Biosphere Reserve - Colombia).","authors":"Luana Portz, Ana Murgas-Vargas, Priscila Teixeira Campos, Diego Andres Villate-Daza, Rogerio Portantiolo Manzolli","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Islands are particularly vulnerable to storms and hurricanes, which can cause severe environmental, economic, and social impacts, including the accumulation of waste in marine ecosystems. In November 2020, Hurricane Iota struck the islands of Providencia and Santa Catalina in the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve, Colombia. This study assesses the distribution, composition, and sources of marine litter after the hurricane, focusing on variations observed across coastal ecosystems such as beaches, mangroves, and coral reefs. A comparative analysis of data from 2019 and 2021 reveals significant differences in how the island's diverse ecosystems interact with marine litter, underscoring the impact of extreme events on these environments. While mangroves and back-beach vegetation act as retention zones, particularly for plastic waste, these ecosystems showed a marked reduction in litter density in 2021, likely due to direct removal efforts during recovery and hurricane-driven oceanographic processes that may have redistributed lighter litter. In contrast, sandy beaches experienced an increase in litter following the hurricane, highlighting their greater vulnerability to litter deposition transported by waves and wind during extreme weather events. These findings emphasize the complexity of managing marine litter after natural disasters and underscore the need for enhanced waste management strategies in vulnerable island ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"211 ","pages":"117458"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implications of seawater characteristics on dissolved heavy metals in near-shore surface waters of the Yellow Sea.","authors":"Minghao Li, Dongsheng Ding, Yong Xu, Qian Yang, Jun Sun, Keming Qu, Zhengguo Cui, Yuqiu Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the response of dissolved heavy metals (HMs) along the Yellow Sea coast to seawater characteristics, we assessed the temporal and spatial variations as well as pollution levels of six dissolved HMs (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As) in surface seawater from 2021 to 2023. The results indicated that the average concentrations of HMs in the seawater were ranked as follows: Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Cd > Hg, with specific concentration ranges of 4.70-7.01, 0.64-2.83, 0.02-2.83, 0.05-1.37, 0.14-0.55, and 0.02-0.20 μg L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Spatial distribution revealed irregular fluctuations in HM concentrations between nearshore and offshore regions. Analyses of the metal sources suggested that HMs were diffusing from nearshore to offshore, indicating that land-based inputs were the primary source of dissolved HMs along the coast of the Yellow Sea. During the study period, Hg exceeded environmental safety threshold in the study area, indicating a potential ecological risk from Hg pollution. Furthermore, Pb showed signs of pollution in certain seasons. Regarding the correlation of variables, Cu showed the strongest correlation with temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO), but Zn showed a significant correlation with temperature and salinity. Differently, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As were markedly associated with DO and salinity. The complex interactions between environmental variables significantly influenced HM concentrations, and no single factor could adequately explain these changes. Taken together, the alterations in seawater characteristics along the coast of the Yellow Sea had significantly impacted the dissolved HMs during the study period.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"211 ","pages":"117469"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from surface soils of East Kolkata wetland, India, and its distribution, sources, and risk assessment.","authors":"Aparna Dhara, Ratna Dutta","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The East Kolkata wetland (EKW) in West Bengal, India is a Ramsar site and has ecological importance to the city. The booming urbanization history of Kolkata city causes increase in concentration of persistent air pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which got adsorbed eventually in the wetland soil due to their hydrophobicity and lipophilicity. Therefore, current study aims to investigate PAHs pollution level along with associated ecological health risk and optimization of PAHs extraction to develop standard analysis protocol. Three different extraction methods including Soxhlet extraction (SE), Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and Mechanical stirring extraction (MSE), four different organic solvents with different polarity (acetone, n-Hexane, DCM and Toluene) and varying extraction time between 6 and 24 h are used in the optimization study. The SE method outperformed among them with toluene as most effective solvent with maximum yield at 12 h of time. Concerning risk assessment study, total PAHs concentration (288.47 ± 14.52 μg g-1) exceeded the effect range median (ERM, 44.79 μg g-1) and probable effect levels (PEL, 16.77 μg g-1) based on sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) indicating adverse biological effects on the ecosystems. The values of Benzo[a]Pyrene-toxicity equivalent quotient (BaP-TEQcar = 70.54 ± 4.83 μg g-1; BaP-MEQ = 64.51 ± 6.30 μg g-1) suggest high level of risk. On the contrary, the total carcinogenic PAHs concentration suggests very low risk via the ingestion. The source apportionment study using different diagnostic ratios (DRs) reveal pyrogenic and petrogenic origins along with biomass. Hence, the findings of the present investigation could aid in enhancing the sustainable management of EKW area.</p>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"211 ","pages":"117476"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}