Lung最新文献

{"title":"Transcriptomic Expression of T2-Inflammation Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Longitudinal Clinical Outcomes in Asthma: Insights from the COREA Study.","authors":"Duong Duc Pham, Eunsoon Shin, Jong Eun Lee, Ji-Hyang Lee, Woo-Jung Song, Hyouk-Soo Kwon, You Sook Cho, Sungho Won, Tae-Bum Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00728-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00728-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gene expression can provide distinct information compared to clinical biomarkers in the context of longitudinal clinical outcomes in asthma patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the association between the gene expression levels of upstream (IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP) and downstream cytokines (IL-5, IL-4, and IL-13) in the T2 inflammatory pathway with a 12-month follow-up of exacerbation, lung function, and steroid use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transcriptomic sequencing analysis was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 279 adult asthmatics. Survival analysis and linear mixed-effect models were used to investigate potential differences between the high-level and low-level gene expression groups and the clinical outcomes. Analysis was performed separately for the upstream, downstream, and all 6 cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In general, T2 inflammatory cytokine gene expression showed a weak correlation with blood eosinophil counts (all r < 0.1) and clinical outcomes. Among moderate-to-severe eosinophilic asthma (MSEA) patients, individuals with elevated levels of downstream cytokines were at increased risk of time-to-first exacerbation (p = 0.044) and a greater increase of inhaled corticosteroid use over time (p = 0.002) compared to those with lower gene expression. There was no association between baseline T2 inflammatory cytokine gene expression and the longitudinal changes in lung function over time among MSEA patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that, among MSEA patients, the gene expression levels of downstream cytokines in the T2 inflammatory pathway may serve as indicators for endotyping asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence Regarding Lee et al.: Placebo Control is Vital in Assessing Therapy in Chronic Cough.","authors":"Mengru Zhang, Alyn Morice","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00726-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00726-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Concomitant Cardiac Surgical Procedures Performed During Pediatric Lung Transplantation in the United States.","authors":"Aadhyasri Ramineni, Muhammad Faateh, Amir Mehdizadeh-Shrifi, Don Hayes, David L S Morales","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00718-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00718-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data on concomitant cardiac surgery (CCS) performed during pediatric lung transplantation (LTx) is limited. Therefore, we conducted a multi-institutional analysis to identify the incidence and outcomes of CCS in pediatric (< 18 years) LTx recipients by merging data (2004-2023) from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) and Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) databases. Of the total of 596 pediatric LTx recipients, 87 (15%) underwent CCS. The majority of these cardiac surgeries were atrial septal defect (ASD) closure (90%) followed by aortic arch/descending aortic repair (3%), atrial repair (3%), ventricular septal defect closure (2%), patent ductus arteriosus ligation (2%), and tricuspid valve repair (2%). The median age at LTx was 3 years (IQR: 0-12). Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) was the predominant indication for LTx (54%). Survival to discharge was 94% and 5-years survival was 64%. Our findings indicate CCS in children undergoing LTx has acceptable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Roles of Galectin-3 in Pulmonary Diseases.","authors":"Qi Jia, Yiyi Yang, Shanglong Yao, Xiangdong Chen, Zhiqiang Hu","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00709-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00709-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Galectin-3 is a multifunctional protein that is involved in various physiological and pathological events. Emerging evidence suggests that galectin-3 also plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases. Galectin-3 can be produced and secreted by various cell types in the lungs, and the overexpression of galectin-3 has been found in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), pulmonary hypertension (PH), pulmonary fibrosis diseases, lung cancer, lung infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma. Galectin-3 exerts diverse effects on the inflammatory response, immune cell activation, fibrosis and tissue remodeling, and tumorigenesis in these pulmonary disorders, and genetic and pharmacologic modulation of galectin-3 has therapeutic effects on the treatment of pulmonary illnesses. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of galectin-3 and the underlying mechanisms of galectin-3 in pulmonary disease pathologies; we also discuss preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of galectin-3 inhibitors in these pulmonary disorders. Additionally, targeting galectin-3 may be a very promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of pulmonary diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning from Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Identifies Factors Associated with Neurological Outcomes.","authors":"Albert Leng, Benjamin Shou, Olivia Liu, Preetham Bachina, Andrew Kalra, Errol L Bush, Glenn J R Whitman, Sung-Min Cho","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00708-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00708-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurological complications are common in patients receiving veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) support. We used machine learning (ML) algorithms to identify predictors for neurological outcomes for these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All demographic, clinical, and circuit-related variables were extracted for adults with VV-ECMO support at a tertiary care center from 2016 to 2022. The primary outcome was good neurological outcome (GNO) at discharge defined as a modified Rankin Scale of 0-3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 99 total VV-ECMO patients (median age = 48 years; 65% male), 37% had a GNO. The best performing ML model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87. Feature importance analysis identified down-trending gas/sweep/blender flow, FiO₂, and pump speed as the most salient features for predicting GNO.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Utilizing pre- as well as post-initiation variables, ML identified on-ECMO physiologic and pulmonary conditions that best predicted neurological outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the Racial Discrepancy in Hypoxemia Detection in Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry Analysis.","authors":"Andrew Kalra, Christopher Wilcox, Sari D Holmes, Joseph E Tonna, In Seok Jeong, Peter Rycus, Marc M Anders, Akram M Zaaqoq, Roberto Lorusso, Daniel Brodie, Steven P Keller, Bo Soo Kim, Glenn J R Whitman, Sung-Min Cho","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00711-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00711-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Skin pigmentation influences peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂) compared to arterial saturation of oxygen (SaO₂). Occult hypoxemia (SaO₂ ≤ 88% with SpO₂ ≥ 92%) is associated with increased in-hospital mortality in venovenous-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) patients. We hypothesized VV-ECMO cannulation, in addition to race/ethnicity, accentuates the SpO₂-SaO₂ discrepancy due to significant hemolysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults (≥ 18 years) supported with VV-ECMO with concurrently measured SpO₂ and SaO₂ measurements from over 500 centers in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry (1/2018-5/2023) were included. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to examine whether race/ethnicity was associated with occult hypoxemia in pre-ECMO and on-ECMO SpO₂-SaO₂ calculations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 13,171 VV-ECMO patients, there were 7772 (59%) White, 2114 (16%) Hispanic, 1777 (14%) Black, and 1508 (11%) Asian patients. The frequency of on-ECMO occult hypoxemia was 2.0% (N = 233). Occult hypoxemia was more common in Black and Hispanic patients versus White patients (3.1% versus 1.7%, P < 0.001 and 2.5% versus 1.7%, P = 0.025, respectively). In multivariable logistic regression, Black patients were at higher risk of pre-ECMO occult hypoxemia versus White patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18-2.02, P = 0.001). For on-ECMO occult hypoxemia, Black patients (aOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.16-2.75, P = 0.008) and Hispanic patients (aOR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.15-2.55, P = 0.008) had higher risk versus White patients. Higher pump flow rates (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.08-1.55, P = 0.005) and on-ECMO 24-h lactate (aOR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.10, P < 0.001) significantly increased the risk of on-ECMO occult hypoxemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SaO₂ should be carefully monitored if using SpO₂ during ECMO support for Black and Hispanic patients especially for those with high pump flow and lactate values at risk for occult hypoxemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Lung Transplantation in the United States for COVID-19 Related Lung Disease During the Pandemic","authors":"Mikayla D’Cunha, J. Asher Jenkins, Renita Wilson, Juan Maria Farina, Ashraf Omar, Blake Langlais, Cecilia Benz, Jonathan D’Cunha, Pedro Augusto Reck Dos Santos","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00731-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-024-00731-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141771815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cough Response to High-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroids in Patients with Chronic Cough and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels ≥ 25 ppb: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Ji-Ho Lee, Sung-Yoon Kang, Iseul Yu, Kyung Eun Park, Ji-Yoon Oh, Ji-Hyang Lee, So-Young Park, Min-Hye Kim, Eun-Jung Jo, Ji-Yong Moon, Sae-Hoon Kim, Sang-Hoon Kim, Byung-Jae Lee, Woo-Jung Song","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00698-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00698-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on chronic cough patients with elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels. In a prospective study, adults with chronic cough and FeNO ≥ 25 ppb, without any other apparent etiology, received fluticasone furoate (200 mcg) for three weeks. Outcomes were evaluated using FeNO levels, cough severity, and Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) before and after treatment. Of the fifty participants (average age: 58.4 years; 58% female), the treatment responder rate (≥ 1.3-point increase in LCQ) was 68%, with a significant improvement in cough and LCQ scores and FeNO levels post-treatment. However, improvements in cough did not significantly correlate with changes in FeNO levels. These findings support the guideline recommendations for a short-term ICS trial in adults with chronic cough and elevated FeNO levels, but the lack of correlations between FeNO levels and cough raises questions about their direct mechanistic link.</p>","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140909311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastolysis in COPD: a Target for Therapy.","authors":"Gerard M Turino, Jerome O Cantor","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00693-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00693-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11142970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pursuing Clinical Predictors and Biomarkers for Progression in ILD: Analysis of the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation (PFF) Registry.","authors":"Sarah E Chang, Guiquan Jia, Xia Gao, Courtney Schiffman, Sachin Gupta, Paul Wolters, Margaret Neighbors","doi":"10.1007/s00408-024-00694-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00408-024-00694-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pulmonary fibrosis is a characteristic of various interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) with differing etiologies. Clinical trials in progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) enroll patients based on previously described clinical criteria for past progression, which include a clinical practice guideline for PPF classification and inclusion criteria from the INBUILD trial. In this study, we compared the ability of past FVC (forced vital capacity) progression and baseline biomarker levels to predict future progression in a cohort of patients from the PFF Patient Registry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Biomarkers previously associated with pathobiology and/or progression in pulmonary fibrosis were selected to reflect cellular senescence (telomere length), pulmonary epithelium (SP-D, RAGE), myeloid activation (CXCL13, YKL40, CCL18, OPN) and fibroblast activation (POSTN, COMP, PROC3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PFF or INBUILD-like clinical criteria was used to separate patients into past progressor and non-past progressor groups, and neither clinical criterion appeared to enrich for patients with greater future lung function decline. All baseline biomarkers measured were differentially expressed in patient groups compared to healthy controls. Baseline levels of SP-D and POSTN showed the highest correlations with FVC slope over one year, though correlations were low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide further evidence that prior decline in lung function may not predict future disease progression for ILD patients, and elevate the need for molecular definitions of a progressive phenotype. Across ILD subtypes, certain shared pathobiologies may be present based on the molecular profile of certain biomarker groups observed. In particular, SP-D may be a common marker of pulmonary injury and future lung function decline across ILDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18163,"journal":{"name":"Lung","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11142961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}