Lubrication Science最新文献

Comparative Study of Tribological Characteristics of Magnetron Sputtered CrN and Carbon Doped CrCN Coatingson Automotive Piston Rings Under Boundary Lubrication 边界润滑下磁控溅射CrN与掺杂CrCN涂层汽车活塞环摩擦学特性的比较研究

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1002/ls.70002

Sumit Kumar, M. S. Charoo

{"title":"Comparative Study of Tribological Characteristics of Magnetron Sputtered CrN and Carbon Doped CrCN Coatingson Automotive Piston Rings Under Boundary Lubrication","authors":"Sumit Kumar, M. S. Charoo","doi":"10.1002/ls.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Friction and wear are major challenges in automotive engines, and they can lead to significant operating issues such as increased fuel consumption, component damage, heat generation, loss of performance, etc. Friction and wear between piston rings and cylinder liner are significant issues in automotive engines, and researchers continually focus on reducing them to improve engine performance and efficiency. Numerous studies have been carried out to minimise friction and wear losses. However, coating is one of the promising techniques used in the automotive industry. PVD-deposited, CrN-coated piston rings demonstrated excellent tribological properties. However, CrN coatings become less effective under conditions of lubrication starvation, exhibiting a high coefficient of friction. In the present study, PVD-based magnetron sputtered CrN and carbon-doped CrCN coatings were applied to the surface of the piston rings. The structure, elemental composition, surface morphology, thickness, and hardness of the coatings were characterised systematically. The coated samples underwent tribological testing under loads of 50, 80, and 110 N to assess the coefficient of friction at the piston ring-cylinder liner interface under the boundary lubrication condition and evaluate the wear behaviour of the coated ring samples. The carbon-doped CrCN coating exhibits a low coefficient of friction at each load and exhibits a 16.59% reduction in the coefficient of friction compared to the CrN coating. This could be ascribed to the graphitisation effect of the CrCN coating. However, both coatings showed almost equal and minimal wear loss. Finally, the possible worn morphology of coated samples was proposed based on their microstructure, film deposition, and Raman's spectroscopy results.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 6","pages":"383-397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential Application of Oil-Soluble LaF3 Nanoparticles as High-Performance Gear Oil Additives 油溶性纳米LaF3作为高性能齿轮油添加剂的潜在应用

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/ls.70004

Tao Wu, Shuguang Fan, Ningning Song, Chuanping Gao, Shengmao Zhang, Yujuan Zhang

{"title":"Potential Application of Oil-Soluble LaF3 Nanoparticles as High-Performance Gear Oil Additives","authors":"Tao Wu, Shuguang Fan, Ningning Song, Chuanping Gao, Shengmao Zhang, Yujuan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ls.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to explore the potential application of LaF<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles as high-performance gear oil additives. Lanthanum trifluoride nanoparticles modified by di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) [denoted as LaF<sub>3</sub>-D2EHPA], which exhibited excellent dispersion stability, were prepared using a liquid-phase chemical method. The tribological properties of LaF<sub>3</sub>-D2EHPA nanoparticles in weakly polar mineral base oil (150 N), polyalphaolefin (PAO6), and strongly polar synthetic ester oil diisooctyl sebacate (DIOS) were investigated using a four-ball friction and wear tester. In combination with the adsorption experiments using a dissipative quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D), the compatibility and action mechanisms of LaF<sub>3</sub>-D2EHPA nanoparticles with extreme-pressure and anti-wear additives for typical gear oils were further investigated. The results indicate that when the mass fraction of LaF<sub>3</sub>-D2EHPA nanoparticles is 0.2%, the tribological properties of all three base oils are improved to the greatest extent. When LaF<sub>3</sub>-D2EHPA nanoparticles are mixed with gear oil additives T321 (sulfurized isobutylene) and T307 (ammonium thiophosphate), they exhibit high film-forming rates and anti-wear properties, forming a boundary lubricating film on the worn surface. This film consists of a tribochemical reaction film containing sulfur and phosphorus, as well as LaF<sub>3</sub>-D2EHPA nanoparticles that have been deposited.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 6","pages":"369-382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Friction Modifiers on Physico-Chemical and Tribological Properties of Industrial Oils 摩擦改性剂对工业用油理化及摩擦学性能的影响

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ls.70001

M. N. K. Prasad Bolisetty, Inder S. Sudhir, Chanakya Tripathi, Sanker Bhadavath, Kavita Rai, Ajay K. Harinarain, Mukul Maheshwari

引用次数: 0

Impact of Lubricant Additives-Soot Interactions on the Tribological Properties of Lithium Grease 润滑油添加剂-油烟相互作用对锂基润滑脂摩擦学性能的影响

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ls.70000

Xing'an Cao, Haixiang Huan, Linzhen Zhou

{"title":"Impact of Lubricant Additives-Soot Interactions on the Tribological Properties of Lithium Grease","authors":"Xing'an Cao, Haixiang Huan, Linzhen Zhou","doi":"10.1002/ls.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among atmospheric contaminants, soot is known to cause severe wear of mechanical components and degrade lubricating oils; however, its impact on lubricity grease remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the interactions between carbon black (as a soot surrogate) and other lubricant additives, including molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) and anti-wear additive zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP). Additionally, the effects of individual and combined additions of MoS<sub>2</sub> and ZDDP on the tribological properties of soot-contaminated lithium grease (LG) were compared. The lubricity of LG decreased progressively with increasing soot concentration. Conversely, incorporating MoS<sub>2</sub> improved the lubricity of LG, with optimal performance observed at 0.5 wt%. The individual addition of MoS<sub>2</sub> to LG minimally mitigated the abrasive wear caused by soot; however, the inclusion of ZDDP T202 enhances the effectiveness of MoS<sub>2</sub> in reducing the friction and wear. MoS<sub>2</sub> and ZDDP participate in tribochemical reactions to form protective films during sliding. MoS<sub>2</sub> contributes by reducing friction, while ZDDP reacts to form protective films that enhance wear resistance. However, the combined addition of ZDDP and MoS<sub>2</sub> demonstrates limited effectiveness in fully mitigating the adverse effects of soot on grease lubrication. Consequently, exploring more efficient methods to prevent lubrication failure caused by soot.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 6","pages":"357-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the High-Temperature Bearing Test and Thermal-Oxidative Process of Aviation Lubricating Oils 航空润滑油高温承载试验及热氧化过程研究

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1746

Lichun Hao, He Yang, Ang Li, Haiqing Song, Jingjian He, Yuxiang Liang

{"title":"Study on the High-Temperature Bearing Test and Thermal-Oxidative Process of Aviation Lubricating Oils","authors":"Lichun Hao, He Yang, Ang Li, Haiqing Song, Jingjian He, Yuxiang Liang","doi":"10.1002/ls.1746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.1746","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the development of aviation engine technology, the temperature in the lubricating system continues to rise. It is expected that aviation lubricating oils should have excellent thermal-oxidative stability. The high-temperature deposit and oil degradation characteristic test is adopted to evaluate the thermal stability of aviation lubricating oils in the performance specifications. In this study, a high-temperature bearing test machine was established first, and two typical aviation lubricating oils were measured by this developed test machine. The thermal-oxidative processes and ageing mechanisms of the aviation lubricating oils in the high-temperature bearing test were analysed. Moreover, the extreme-pressure and anti-wear performances of the aviation lubricating oils before and after the bearing test were studied. Experimental results indicated that the established high-temperature bearing test machine had good discriminability, and the high-temperature bearing test could meet the standard method requirements. Viscosity and total acid number (TAN) of the two aviation lubricating oils gradually increased with the high-temperature bearing test time. Antioxidants and anti-wear and extreme-pressure additives were consumed during the bearing test. Compared with dioctyldiphenylamine (DODPA), the antioxidant additive <i>n</i>-phenyl-<i>α</i>-naphthylamine (<i>α</i>-NPA) exhibited higher antioxidant activity under test conditions. The thermal-oxidative degradation of the aviation lubricating oils involved complex physical and chemical processes. The effects of the thermal oxidation on the extreme-pressure and anti-wear performances of the two aviation lubricating oils were significantly different.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 4","pages":"264-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electronic Insights Into the Intrinsic Origin of Interfacial Friction 电子洞察界面摩擦的内在起源

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1751

Yangyang Lu, Junhui Sun, Ziwen Cheng, Yilong Jiang, Lei Chen, Jinlong Li, Linmao Qian

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Investigation of Deep Groove Ball Bearings With Localised Failure of Outer Ring Considering the Effect of Starved Lubrication 考虑缺油润滑影响的外圈局部失效深沟球轴承动力学研究

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1750

Zhongtang Huo, Jianqi Chen, Lingjuan Hao, Jiansong Gao

{"title":"Dynamic Investigation of Deep Groove Ball Bearings With Localised Failure of Outer Ring Considering the Effect of Starved Lubrication","authors":"Zhongtang Huo, Jianqi Chen, Lingjuan Hao, Jiansong Gao","doi":"10.1002/ls.1750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.1750","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The vibration response of locally defective ball bearings is closely related to their lubrication conditions. Previous bearing dynamics models mainly regarded the lubrication state as the ideal lubrication condition and failed to reveal the effect of insufficient lubricant on the vibration behaviour of defective bearings. In this paper, the interaction within the system under starvation condition was considered, and a dynamics model of defective Deep groove ball bearing (DGBB) with insufficient lubricant was established, and the accuracy of the model was verified experimentally. The results showed that the outer ring failure through frequency was modulated by the cage rotational speed, and the increase of the degree of starved lubrication significantly increased the friction, which led to the increase of cage rotational speed, and ultimately led to the increase of failure frequency. At the same time, the increase in rotational speed made the slipping phenomenon more serious, leading to an increase in the deviation rate of the failure frequency at the same starved degree. The results of the study are useful for fault diagnosis and condition monitoring of related equipment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 5","pages":"315-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Throughput Molecular Dynamics Calculations and Machine Learning Prediction of the Adsorption Properties of Ammonium Phosphate Esters on Metal Surfaces 金属表面磷酸铵酯吸附性能的高通量分子动力学计算和机器学习预测

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1752

Fengqi Fan, Xinran Geng, Kang Zhou, Hai Yu, Chaoliang Wei, Huiying Lv

{"title":"High-Throughput Molecular Dynamics Calculations and Machine Learning Prediction of the Adsorption Properties of Ammonium Phosphate Esters on Metal Surfaces","authors":"Fengqi Fan, Xinran Geng, Kang Zhou, Hai Yu, Chaoliang Wei, Huiying Lv","doi":"10.1002/ls.1752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.1752","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we employed high-throughput all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to calculate the adsorption properties of various carbon chain lengths and branching forms of phosphate ester anions on metal surfaces. Two layers of high-throughput concurrent parallel algorithms were applied in the calculations. The results indicate that both chain length and branching forms influence the magnitude of the adsorption free energy. Longer carbon chains result in larger adsorption free energy, while more complex branching forms lead to smaller adsorption free energy. The analysis suggests that chain length and branching complexity have dual effects. As the carbon chain length increases, on the one hand, more adsorption sites between the molecule and the metal substrate are created, thereby increasing the adsorption free energy. On the other hand, more chemical bonds exist between adsorption sites, enhancing the pulling forces between atoms and reducing the adsorption effect. Furthermore, we employed a machine learning approach to establish a quantitative relationship between descriptors of phosphate ester anions and adsorption free energy. This work offers a universal high-throughput computational approach and machine learning prediction strategy for the molecular dynamics calculations of the adsorption properties of organic molecules on metal surfaces.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 5","pages":"328-335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wear Condition Evolution of Cylinder Liner-Piston Ring on the Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Through Long-Term Monitoring and Analysis of Cylinder Oil 二冲程船用柴油机缸套-活塞环磨损状况演变研究

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1748

Yicong Xu, Zhiwei Guo, Xiang Rao, Huabin Yin, Shaoli Jiang, Mingding Wu, Liwei Zhou, Chengqing Yuan

{"title":"Wear Condition Evolution of Cylinder Liner-Piston Ring on the Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Through Long-Term Monitoring and Analysis of Cylinder Oil","authors":"Yicong Xu, Zhiwei Guo, Xiang Rao, Huabin Yin, Shaoli Jiang, Mingding Wu, Liwei Zhou, Chengqing Yuan","doi":"10.1002/ls.1748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.1748","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In recent years, stringent policies on low-sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) usage in the shipping industry have raised concerns regarding the reliability of two-stroke marine engines. This study conducts a longitudinal investigation of the main engine on a wood-pulp carrier fuelled with LSFO, aiming to underlying causes of cylinder wear and develop solutions. Throughout an operation period of roughly 2500 h, drain oil was sampled with the following characteristics evaluated: viscosity, basicity, moisture contents, ferrography and compound containment, as well as the concentration of trace elements, seeking to monitor the wear and lubrication status of a two-stroke marine engine. The comparative analysis of representative lubricant samples revealed that the severity of cylinder wear intensifies with engine operation when using LSFO, transitioning from rubbing wear to fatigue, cutting and sliding wear, with the corrosion-induced wear being prevalent even during the early stage of the engine lifecycle. Meanwhile, intermittent replacement of high alkalinity cylinder oil has been proven an effective solution for improving cleanliness, mitigating cylinder wear and lubricant degradation. Viscosity and basicity with high sensitivity can serve as control parameters to determine the necessity of oil replacement. To prevent the generation of severe corrosive wear, intervals for oil replacement are advised to exceed no more than 500 h.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 4","pages":"283-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved Oxidation Stability of 1,3-Diketone Superlubricity Fluid Using a Butylated Hydroxytoluene Additive 使用丁基羟基甲苯添加剂改善1,3-二酮超润滑液的氧化稳定性

IF 1.8 4区工程技术

Lubrication Science Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1002/ls.1747

Yan Yang, Jingfu Chen, Tobias Amann, Chengqing Yuan, Ke Li

{"title":"Improved Oxidation Stability of 1,3-Diketone Superlubricity Fluid Using a Butylated Hydroxytoluene Additive","authors":"Yan Yang, Jingfu Chen, Tobias Amann, Chengqing Yuan, Ke Li","doi":"10.1002/ls.1747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.1747","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As an oil-based superlubricity material on steel surfaces, 1,3-diketone fluid is promising for the friction reduction of mechanical devices. However, the unsaturation of its molecular structure would potentially cause the oxidation problem in industrial applications. In this study, the oxidation mechanism of diketone fluid 1-(4-ethyl phenyl) nonane-1,3-dione (EPND) was discovered through the accelerated oxidation experiment in an oven. By doping butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) anti-oxidation additive at an optimal concentration of 0.5%, both the oxidation onset temperature (OOT) and oxidation induction time (OIT) of EPND could be enhanced to a comparable level of 4121 commercial oil, which is a fully-formulated lubricant with a similar viscosity to EPND. Moreover, the friction test verified that the incorporated BHT additive induced negligible influence on the superlubricity performance of EPND. The result of this study is helpful for improving the weakness of the diketone superlubricity system and promotes a further step in its practical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18114,"journal":{"name":"Lubrication Science","volume":"37 4","pages":"276-282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0