Immunology & Cell Biology最新文献

{"title":"ICB Special Feature: Highlights of 2023","authors":"Joanne H Reed","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12792","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12792","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this Special Feature, we bring you the “Highlights of 2023”, a collection of short articles that discuss key research findings published in 2023 that advanced a specific research area of immunology. Booty<span><sup>1</sup></span> discusses recent mechanistic insights in T-cell immunometabolism, highlighting pathways and metabolites that modulate T effector and T regulatory (Treg) cell function in cancer and autoimmunity. Zhang and Chong<span><sup>2</sup></span> review key findings demonstrating the roles of microRNA in T-cell apoptosis and differentiation and Treg proliferation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and myeloma. Makuyana and Liston<span><sup>3</sup></span> focus on publications revealing new functions for Treg cells in the lung, including in alveolar regeneration. Guo <i>et al</i>.<span><sup>4</sup></span> highlight work that has advanced our understanding of age-related effects on T cells with large-scale analyses showing genetic, transcriptomic and T-cell receptor repertoire changes with age. Pasquin<span><sup>5</sup></span> discusses key findings in the functional characterization and diversity of γδ T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Cellular therapy was a pivotal theme in 2023. Chinni <i>et al</i>.<span><sup>6</sup></span> highlight findings demonstrating how CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells impact the manufacturing and quality of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell products and contribute to long-term tumor control and adverse events such as cytokine release syndrome. Lee and Reed<span><sup>7</sup></span> discuss current clinical trials and basic research studies that are improving the specificity, safety and accessibility of CAR T-cell therapy for autoimmune disease. Bourel and Lesage<span><sup>8</sup></span> focus on publications defining the phenotypic, genetic and functional attributes that influence natural killer (NK) cell–mediated killing of tumor cells for the development of NK cellular therapies. Lam and Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes<span><sup>9</sup></span> continue the NK cell theme, highlighting technological advances in genomics and proteomics that elucidate key functions of NK cells in cancer and infection. Lombard-Vadnais and Lesage<span><sup>10</sup></span> uncover the role of class switching in thymic B cells for negative selection of CD4<sup>+</sup> thymocytes and Treg generation. Barra and Marshall<span><sup>11</sup></span> highlight key findings on the diversity and function of mast cells and how they integrate with host defense to prevent immune-mediated damage in barrier tissues and the central nervous system. Dashwood and Liston<span><sup>12</sup></span> bring us up to date on microglia biology, with mechanistic insights into cognitive development, synaptic pruning and new approaches to evaluate microglia function. Van Nieuwenhove<span><sup>13</sup></span> highlights major translational advances in the detection and treatment of monogenic and polygenic pediatric immune deficienci","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 6","pages":"412-413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12792","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TLR9-dependent dendritic cell maturation promotes IL-6-mediated upregulation of cathepsin X","authors":"Bangyan Xu,&nbsp;Bethany M Anderson,&nbsp;Justine D Mintern,&nbsp;Laura E Edgington-Mitchell","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12806","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12806","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cysteine cathepsins are lysosomal proteases subject to dynamic regulation within antigen-presenting cells during the immune response and associated diseases. To investigate the regulation of cathepsin X, a carboxy-mono-exopeptidase, during maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), we exposed immortalized mouse DCs to various Toll-like receptor agonists. Using a cathepsin X-selective activity-based probe, sCy5-Nle-SY, we observed a significant increase in cathepsin X activation upon TLR-9 agonism with CpG, and to a lesser extent with Pam3 (TLR1/2), FSL-1 (TLR2/6) and LPS (TLR4). Despite clear maturation of DCs in response to Poly I:C (TLR3), cathepsin X activity was only slightly increased by this agonist, suggesting differential regulation of cathepsin X downstream of TLR activation. We demonstrated that cathepsin X was upregulated at the transcriptional level in response to CpG. This occurred at late time points and was not dampened by NF-κB inhibition. Factors secreted from CpG-treated cells were able to provoke cathepsin X upregulation when applied to naïve cells. Among these factors was IL-6, which on its own was sufficient to induce transcriptional upregulation and activation of cathepsin X. IL-6 is highly secreted by DCs in response to CpG but much less so in response to poly I:C, and inhibition of the IL-6 receptor subunit glycoprotein 130 prevented CpG-mediated cathepsin X upregulation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that cathepsin X is differentially transcribed during DC maturation in response to diverse stimuli, and that secreted IL-6 is critical for its dynamic regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 9","pages":"787-800"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141557651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UNCovering new causes of monogenic systemic lupus erythematosus","authors":"Julia I Ellyard,&nbsp;Michael P Gantier","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12807","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12807","url":null,"abstract":"<p>UNC93B1 is essential for the stability and endosomal trafficking of nucleic-acid sensing Toll-like receptors (TLRs) including TLR7 and TLR8. Increased TLR7 responses are associated with lupus autoimmunity in both mice and humans. In a recent article, Al-Azab <i>et al.</i> demonstrate the role of a variant of <i>UNC93B1</i> (p.V117L) in the induction of pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus in patients and in mice through TLR7/8 hyperresponsiveness. They also highlight a potential role for the pharmacological inhibition of interleukin-1 receptor–associated kinase (IRAK) 1 and/or 4 in ameliorating disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"651-654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAGging on recombination signal sequence strength for diffusion-mediated recombination","authors":"Katherine JL Jackson","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12803","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12803","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, we discuss new insights into the distinct mechanisms for V(D)J recombination for different immunoglobulin loci. This follows the recent revelation that recombination signal sequences (RSS) within the IGKV locus have evolved to be more efficient mediators of recombination activating gene (RAG) recombination compared to the same elements in the IGH locus. This difference in RSS strength is proposed to be driven by different molecular mechanisms for RAG-mediated recombination between the two loci.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"648-650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141553801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating functional metagenomics to decipher microbiome–immune interactions","authors":"Puspendu Sardar,&nbsp;Alexandre Almeida,&nbsp;Virginia A Pedicord","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12798","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12798","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial metabolites can be viewed as the cytokines of the microbiome, transmitting information about the microbial and metabolic environment of the gut to orchestrate and modulate local and systemic immune responses. Still, many immunology studies focus solely on the taxonomy and community structure of the gut microbiota rather than its functions. Early sequencing-based microbiota profiling approaches relied on PCR amplification of small regions of bacterial and fungal genomes to facilitate identification of the microbes present. However, recent microbiome analysis methods, particularly shotgun metagenomic sequencing, now enable culture-independent profiling of microbiome functions and metabolites in addition to taxonomic characterization. In this review, we showcase recent advances in functional metagenomics methods and applications and discuss the current limitations and potential avenues for future development. Importantly, we highlight a few examples of key areas of opportunity in immunology research where integrating functional metagenomic analyses of the microbiome can substantially enhance a mechanistic understanding of microbiome–immune interactions and their contributions to health and disease states.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"680-691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurturing a positive research culture within your organization","authors":"Adrian Liston,&nbsp;Denise C Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12804","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Immunology &amp; Cell Biology</i> 2024; <b>102</b>: 526; https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12804</p><p>Correction to: <i>Immunology &amp; Cell Biology</i> 2023; https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12795</p><p>The authors would like to correct the descriptions for Figures 2 and 3. Please refer to the correct captions as shown below.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 6","pages":"526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12804","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlight of 2023: Advances in germinal centers","authors":"Theresa E Pankhurst,&nbsp;Michelle A Linterman","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12800","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12800","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article for the Highlight of 2023 series, we discuss recent advances in the fundamental biology of the germinal center response. These discoveries provide important insights as to how the germinal center contributes to protection against infection, and also highlights opportunities for future vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 6","pages":"463-466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From dentistry to immunology: navigating challenges and building a career in neuroimmunology","authors":"Lidia Yshii","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12797","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12797","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This Commentary recounts an academic journey from dentistry to neuroimmunology, highlighting pivotal moments such as a PhD fraught with challenges and an unexpected postdoctoral experience in France. My decision to settle in Belgium for a postdoc and subsequent transition to an assistant professorship at KU Leuven reflects resilience, adaptability and a commitment to both scientific exploration and family life. Balancing career uncertainties, motherhood and academic achievements, it encapsulates a trajectory shaped by a passion for neuroimmunology.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"103 1","pages":"12-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Striking an alliance between T cells and macrophages for enhanced cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Tessa Gargett,&nbsp;Lisa M Ebert","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12799","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12799","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A new study by Yamada-Hunter <i>et al.</i> reveals a novel approach to promote synergy—rather than antagonism—between macrophages and engineered T cells, leading to enhanced antitumor immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 7","pages":"535-537"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helminth infection induces a distinct subset of CD101hi lung tissue–infiltrating eosinophils that are differentially regulated by type 2 cytokines","authors":"Sophia-Louise Noble,&nbsp;Francesco Vacca,&nbsp;Kerry L Hilligan,&nbsp;Thomas C Mules,&nbsp;Graham Le Gros,&nbsp;Stephen Inns","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12796","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12796","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eosinophils play divergent roles in health and disease, contributing to both immunoregulatory and proinflammatory responses. Helminth infection is strongly associated with eosinophilia and the induction of the type 2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-5, IL-4 and IL-13. This study aimed to elucidate the heterogeneity of pulmonary eosinophils in response to helminth infection and the roles of IL-5, IL-4 and IL-13 in driving pulmonary eosinophil responses. Using the murine helminth model <i>Nippostrongylus brasiliensis</i> (<i>Nb</i>), we characterize a subtype of eosinophils, defined by high expression of CD101, that is induced in the lungs of <i>Nb</i>-infected mice and are phenotypically distinct from lung eosinophils that express low levels of CD101. Strikingly, we show that the two eosinophil subtypes have distinct anatomical localization within the lung: CD101^low eosinophils are predominantly localized in the lung vasculature, whereas <i>Nb</i>-induced CD101^hi eosinophils are predominantly localized in the extravascular lung niche. We show that CD101^hi eosinophils are also induced across other models of pulmonary infection and inflammation, including a nonlung-migrating helminth infection, house dust mite–induced allergic inflammation and influenza infection. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the induction of CD101^hi tissue eosinophils is independent of IL-5 and IL-4 signaling, but is dependent on intact IL-13 signaling. These results suggest that IL-13 produced during helminth infection and other disease states promotes a pulmonary tissue-infiltrating program in eosinophils defined by high expression of CD101.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"734-746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}