Laboratory Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Ameliorative effect of hesperidin against high dose sildenafil-induced liver and testicular oxidative stress and altered gene expression in male rats.","authors":"Ibrahim M Ibrahim Laila, Samar HassabAllah Kassem, Marwa Salah ElDin Mohamed Diab","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00173-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00173-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical use of sildenafil citrate (Viagra), a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction, is limited because of its many side effects on tissues. In this context, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid, on hepatic and testicular damage induced by a high dose of sildenafil citrate in male rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group was used as the control group. The second group was orally administered sildenafil citrate at a high dose of 75 mg/kg thrice a week. In the third group, hesperidin was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. The fourth group was administered 75 mg/kg sildenafil citrate three times a week with 50 mg/kg hesperidin daily. The experiment lasted for 28 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the sildenafil-treated groups, blood indices were altered, liver function tests were deranged, and serum testosterone levels were reduced. In the liver and testicular tissue, sildenafil citrate treatment resulted in significant reductions in catalase and total antioxidant capacity; as well as increased malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and nitrous oxide levels. In addition, sildenafil citrate treatment caused abnormal histopathological patterns in both the liver and the testes. Liver vascular endothelial growth factor and testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene expression were upregulated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hesperidin attenuated the harmful effects of intensive sildenafil citrate treatment on liver and testicular functions, alleviated oxidative stress and normalized blood indices. Therefore, hesperidin could be protective against sildenafil citrate-induced oxidative damage that may develop over the long term.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41135710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the anti-diabetic potential of hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Koenigia polystachya L.: an edible wild plant from Northeastern India.","authors":"Alokali Kiba, Dipankar Saha, Bhrigu Kumar Das","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00174-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00174-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, medicinal plants are used to treat diseases like diabetes. The present study evaluates the possible antioxidant, acute oral toxicity, the in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential of the hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Koenigia polystachya (HELeKP) against beta-cell damage in experimentally induced diabetes mellitus. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine), ABTS [2,2'-azino bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], H₂O₂ (Hydrogen peroxide), superoxide radical scavenging activity and NO (Nitric oxide) assay estimated the in-vitro antioxidant assay of HELeKP. The acute oral toxicity study was evaluated per the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) test guidelines 425. Diabetes was stimulated in rats with a single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ), and after confirmation of diabetes, HELeKP was given orally for 21 days. Blood/serum samples were gathered and examined for biochemical changes, while tissue samples were evaluated for histopathological alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC₅₀ value of the HELeKP for all the anti-oxidant assays confirms the free radical scavenging activity. The data on acute oral toxicity revealed that the HELeKP used in the study was comparatively very safe. The outcomes of the in-vivo study suggested that the extract significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the fasting glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the lipid profile level was significantly normalized (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) in diabetic rats. The histopathological observation of the pancreas in HELeKP-treated rats showed significant beta-cell restoration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the outcomes of this study, the HELeKP-treated rats have significant free radical scavenging and anti-diabetic potential. Therefore, it can be recommended as a beneficial functional vegetable for consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10506326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10302036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mesocortical dopaminergic system cannot explain hyperactivity in an animal model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)- Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).","authors":"Aysegul Gungor Aydin, Esat Adiguzel","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00172-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00172-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders with morphological brain abnormalities. There is a growing body of evidence that abnormalities in the dopaminergic system may account for ADHD pathogenesis. However, it is not clear whether the dopaminergic system is hyper or hypoactive. To determine whether the DA neurons and/or axons deficiency might be the cause of the postulated dopaminergic hypofunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, animal model of ADHD), this study examined the dopaminergic neurons and fibers in the brain tissues of SHRs and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY, control animals). Here, we performed immunohistochemical tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) staining on brain sections collected on juveniles from SHR and WKY. Moreover, behavioral testing to examine the hyperactivity in the open field area was also elucidated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mesocortical dopaminergic system appears to be normal in juvenile SHR, as suggested by (i) no alteration in the area density of TH-immunoreactive (TH-ir) dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), (ii) no alterations in the volume density of TH-ir fibers in layer I of the prelimbic (PrL) subregion of medial PFC (mPFC), (iii) no alteration in the percentage of TH-ir dopaminergic fibers in layer I of the PrL subregion of mPFC as revealed by TH and/or DBH immunoreactivity. Furthermore, the SHR showed increased locomotor activity than WKY in the open field test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The demonstration of no alteration in mesocortical dopaminergic neurons and fiber in SHR raises some concern about the position of SHR as an animal model of the inattentive subtype of ADHD. However, these results strengthen this strain as an animal model of hyperactive/impulsive subtype ADHD for future studies that may elucidate the underlying mechanism mediating hyperactivity and test various treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10500870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10316520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRPC expression in human periodontal ligament cells and the periodontal tissue of periodontitis mice: a preliminary study.","authors":"Aeryun Kim, Ae Ri Kim, Yeong-Eui Jeon, Yun-Jung Yoo, Yu-Mi Yang, Eun-Jung Bak","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00171-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00171-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels are non-selective cationic channels with permeability to Ca²⁺ and Na⁺. Despite their importance, there are currently few studies on TRPC in the periodontal ligament (PDL) and bone cells in the dental field. To provide biological information regarding TRPC in PDL cells and periodontal tissue, we evaluated TRPC channels expression in the osteoblast differentiation of PDL cells and periodontitis-induced tissue. Human PDL cells were cultured in osteogenic differentiation media for 28 days, and the expression of Runx2, osteocalcin (OCN), and TRPC1, 3, 4, and 6 was evaluated by real-time PCR. In ligature-induced periodontitis mice, the alveolar bone and osteoid areas, the osteoclast number, and the expression of Runx2, OCN, TRPC3, and TRPC6 was evaluated by H&E staining, TRAP staining, and immunohistochemistry, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the PDL cell differentiation group, TRPC6 expression peaked on day 7 and TRPC3 expression generally increased during differentiation. During the 28 days of periodontitis progression, alveolar bone loss and osteoclast numbers increased compared to the control group during the experimental period and the osteoid area increased from day 14. TRPC6 expression in the periodontitis group increased in the PDL area and in the osteoblasts compared to the control group, whereas TRPC3 expression increased only in the PDL area on days 7 and 28.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate changes of TRPC3 and TRPC6 expression in PDL cells that were differentiating into osteoblasts and in periodontitis-induced tissue, suggesting the need for research on the role of TRPC in osteoblast differentiation or periodontitis progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10472569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10147854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus as commensals and pathogens on murine skin.","authors":"Michael Battaglia,&nbsp;Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00169-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00169-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin ulcers, skin dermatitis and skin infections are common phenomena in colonies of laboratory mice and are often found at increased prevalence in certain immunocompromised strains. While in many cases these skin conditions are mild, in other cases they can be severe and lead to animal morbidity. Furthermore, the presence of skin infections and ulcerations can complicate the interpretation of experimental protocols, including those examining immune cell activation. Bacterial species in the genus Staphylococcus are the most common pathogens recovered from skin lesions in mice. In particular, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus xylosus have both been implicated as pathogens on murine skin. Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known pathogen of human skin, but S. xylosus skin infections in humans have not been described, indicating that there is a species-specific difference in the ability of S. xylosus to serve as a skin pathogen. The aim of this review is to summarize studies that link S. aureus and S. xylosus to skin infections of mice and to describe factors involved in their adherence to tissue and their virulence. We discuss potential differences in mouse and human skin that might underlie the ability of S. xylosus to act as a pathogen on murine skin, but not human skin. Finally, we also describe mouse mutants that have shown increased susceptibility to skin infections with staphylococcal bacteria. These mutants point to pathways that are important in the control of commensal staphylococcal bacteria. The information here may be useful to researchers who are working with mouse strains that are prone to skin infections with staphylococcal bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10394794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case study assessing the impact of mating frequency on the reproductive performance of the Hawaiian bobtail squid Euprymna scolopes.","authors":"Andrew G Cecere, Rachel A Cook, Tim I Miyashiro","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00168-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00168-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The symbiosis between the Hawaiian bobtail squid Euprymna scolopes and bacterium Vibrio fischeri serves as a model for investigating the molecular mechanisms that promote the initial formation of animal-bacterial symbioses. Research with this system frequently depends on freshly hatched E. scolopes, but the husbandry factors that promote hatchling production in a mariculture facility remain underreported. Here we report on the reproductive performance of E. scolopes in response to decreased mating frequency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One animal cohort was maintained in a mariculture facility for 107 days, with females assigned to either a control group (mating once every 14 days) or an experimental group (mating once every 21 days). No differences between the groups were observed in survival, the number of egg clutches laid, or hatchling counts. Each group featured multiple females that were hyper-reproductive, i.e., they generated more than 8 egg clutches while in captivity. Examination of the distributions for daily hatchling counts of individual egg clutches revealed significant variation in the hatching patterns among clutches that was independent of mating frequency. Finally, an assessment of hatchling production showed that 93.5% of total hatchlings produced by the cohort were derived from egg clutches laid within the first 70 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest a lower mating frequency does not impede hatchling production. Furthermore, the variation in hatchling production among egg clutches provides new insight into the reproductive performance of E. scolopes as a lab animal for microbiology research.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10375782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9894645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentation algorithm can be used for detecting hepatic fibrosis in SD rat.","authors":"Ji-Hee Hwang,&nbsp;Minyoung Lim,&nbsp;Gyeongjin Han,&nbsp;Heejin Park,&nbsp;Yong-Bum Kim,&nbsp;Jinseok Park,&nbsp;Sang-Yeop Jun,&nbsp;Jaeku Lee,&nbsp;Jae-Woo Cho","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00167-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00167-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver fibrosis is an early stage of liver cirrhosis. As a reversible lesion before cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer, it has been a target for drug discovery. Many antifibrotic candidates have shown promising results in experimental animal models; however, due to adverse clinical reactions, most antifibrotic agents are still preclinical. Therefore, rodent models have been used to examine the histopathological differences between the control and treatment groups to evaluate the efficacy of anti-fibrotic agents in non-clinical research. In addition, with improvements in digital image analysis incorporating artificial intelligence (AI), a few researchers have developed an automated quantification of fibrosis. However, the performance of multiple deep learning algorithms for the optimal quantification of hepatic fibrosis has not been evaluated. Here, we investigated three different localization algorithms, mask R-CNN, DeepLabV3⁺, and SSD, to detect hepatic fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5750 images with 7503 annotations were trained using the three algorithms, and the model performance was evaluated in large-scale images and compared to the training images. The results showed that the precision values were comparable among the algorithms. However, there was a gap in the recall, leading to a difference in model accuracy. The mask R-CNN outperformed the recall value (0.93) and showed the closest prediction results to the annotation for detecting hepatic fibrosis among the algorithms. DeepLabV3⁺ also showed good performance; however, it had limitations in the misprediction of hepatic fibrosis as inflammatory cells and connective tissue. The trained SSD showed the lowest performance and was limited in predicting hepatic fibrosis compared to the other algorithms because of its low recall value (0.75).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We suggest it would be a more useful tool to apply segmentation algorithms in implementing AI algorithms to predict hepatic fibrosis in non-clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10303341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10088419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Datura metel stramonium exacerbates behavioral deficits, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampal neurotoxicity in mice via redox imbalance.","authors":"Vincent Onoriode Igben,&nbsp;Wilson Josiah Iju,&nbsp;Omogbiya Adrian Itivere,&nbsp;John Chukwuma Oyem,&nbsp;Peter Sunday Akpulu,&nbsp;Efe Endurance Ahama","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00162-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00162-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Datura metel (DM) stramonium is a medicinal plant often abused by Nigerians due to its psychostimulatory properties. Hallucinations, confusion, agitation, aggressiveness, anxiety, and restlessness are reported amongst DM users. Earlier studies suggest that DM induces neurotoxicity and affect brain physiology. However, the exact neurological effects of DM extract in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampal morphology have not been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that oral exposure to DM extract exerts a neurotoxic effect by increasing oxidative stress in the mPFC and the hippocampus and induces behavioral deficits in mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DM methanolic extract exposure significantly increased MDA and NO levels and reduced SOD, GSH, GPx and CAT activities in mice brains. In addition, our results showed that DM exposure produced cognitive deficits, anxiety, and depressive-like behaviour in mice following oral exposure for 28 days. Moreover, the mPFC and hippocampus showed neurodegenerative features, loss of dendritic and axonal arborization, a dose-dependent decrease in neuronal cell bodies' length, width, area, and perimeter, and a dose-dependent increase in the distance between neuronal cell bodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral exposure to DM in mice induces behavioural deficits, mPFC and hippocampal neuronal degenerations via redox imbalance in the brain of mice. These observations confirm the neurotoxicity of DM extracts and raises concerns on the safety and potential adverse effects of DM in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10303329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10088416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of HPV16 mouse and dog models for more accurate prediction of human vaccine efficacy.","authors":"Emmanuelle Totain,&nbsp;Loïc Lindner,&nbsp;Nicolas Martin,&nbsp;Yolande Misseri,&nbsp;Alexandra Iché,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Birling,&nbsp;Tania Sorg,&nbsp;Yann Herault,&nbsp;Alain Bousquet-Melou,&nbsp;Pascale Bouillé,&nbsp;Christine Duthoit,&nbsp;Guillaume Pavlovic,&nbsp;Severine Boullier","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00166-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00166-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Animal models are essential to understand the physiopathology of human diseases but also to evaluate new therapies. However, for several diseases there is no appropriate animal model, which complicates the development of effective therapies. HPV infections, responsible for carcinoma cancers, are among these. So far, the lack of relevant animal models has hampered the development of therapeutic vaccines. In this study, we used a candidate therapeutic vaccine named C216, similar to the ProCervix candidate therapeutic vaccine, to validate new mouse and dog HPV preclinical models. ProCervix has shown promising results with classical subcutaneous murine TC-1 cell tumor isografts but has failed in a phase II study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We first generated E7/HPV16 syngeneic transgenic mice in which the expression of the E7 antigen could be switched on through the use of Cre-lox recombination. Non-integrative LentiFlash^® viral particles were used to locally deliver Cre mRNA, resulting in E7/HPV16 expression and GFP reporter fluorescence. The expression of E7/HPV16 was monitored by in vivo fluorescence using Cellvizio imaging and by local mRNA expression quantification. In the experimental conditions used, we observed no differences in E7 expression between C216 vaccinated and control groups. To mimic the MHC diversity of humans, E7/HPV16 transgenes were locally delivered by injection of lentiviral particles in the muscle of dogs. Vaccination with C216, tested with two different adjuvants, induced a strong immune response in dogs. However, we detected no relationship between the level of cellular response against E7/HPV16 and the elimination of E7-expressing cells, either by fluorescence or by RT-ddPCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we have developed two animal models, with a genetic design that is easily transposable to different antigens, to validate the efficacy of candidate vaccines. Our results indicate that, despite being immunogenic, the C216 candidate vaccine did not induce a sufficiently strong immune response to eliminate infected cells. Our results are in line with the failure of the ProCervix vaccine that was observed at the end of the phase II clinical trial, reinforcing the relevance of appropriate animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10258489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9632566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report on successful treatment for brain abscess in a Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata).","authors":"Tohru Kimura","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00165-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00165-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A brain abscess in human beings is a focal infection of the central nervous system frequently characterized by areas of localized cerebritis and central necrosis surrounded by a well vascularized capsule. A brain abscess, although sporadically reported, is relatively rare disease in domestic animals (horses, cattle, goats and alpacas), companion animals (dogs and cats) and laboratory nonhuman primates. Brain abscesses are life threatening disease that needs early and aggressive veterinary therapy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The purpose of this study on a brain abscess in a Japanese monkey was to report the investigational and therapeutic processes including clinical observations, hematological and serum biochemical profiles, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, probiotic and antibiotic therapy. In clinical observation, the monkey presented with slowly progressive gentle and depressed behavioral change. Hematological findings showed that slightly declined platelet counts gradually increased in the course of the treatment. Serum biochemical profiles revealed initial markedly elevated. A series of chemotherapy provide prominent relief from the influence of the brain abscess. MRI images illustrated that a brain abscess was located in the right frontal lobe and the mass was delineated by a thick rim, indicating the capsule formation stage. The lesion chronologically decreased in size over the course of treatment. Until 11 weeks after treatment of the brain abscess, the size of brain abscess continued to reduce, leaving an organized lesion trace. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first report on successful treatment for a brain abscess in a Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Medical management of simian brain abscesses is possible based on the controlled and resolving nature of the lesions as determined by MRI and completion of a of chemical antibiotic treatment presented in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10251556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9983056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}