Laboratory Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Promising improvement in infected Wound Healing in Type two Diabetic rats by Combined effects of conditioned medium of human adipose-derived stem cells plus Photobiomodulation.","authors":"Kaysan Sohrabi, Houssein Ahmadi, Abdollah Amini, Behnaz Ahrabi, Atarodalsadat Mostafavinia, Hamidreza Omidi, Mansooreh Mirzaei, Fatemeh Fadaei Fathabady, Mohammadjavad Fridoni, Maryam Rahmannia, Sufan Chien, Mohammad Bayat","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00178-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00178-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to examine the accompanying and solo impacts of conditioned medium of human adipose-derived stem cells (h-ASC-COM) and photobiomodulation (PBM) on the maturation stage of an ischemic infected delayed-healing wound model (IIDHWM) of rats with type 2 diabetes (TIIDM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Outcomes of the wound closure ratio (WCR) results, tensiometrical microbiological, and stereological assessment followed almost identical patterns. While the outcomes of h-ASC-COM + PBM, PBM only, and h-ASC-COM only regimes were significantly better for all evaluated methods than those of group 1(all, p < 0.001), PBM alone and h-ASC-COM + PBM therapy achieved superior results than h-ASC-COM only (ranged from p = 0.05 to p < 0.001). In terms of tensiometrical and stereological examinations, the results of h-ASC-COM + PBM experienced better results than the PBM only (all, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>h-ASC-COM + PBM, PBM, and h-ASC-COM cures expressively accelerated the maturation stage in the wound healing process of IIDHWM with MRSA in TIIDM rats by diminishing the inflammatory reaction, and the microbial flora of MRSA; and increasing wound strength, WCR, number of fibroblasts, and new blood vessels. While the h-ASC-COM + PBM and PBM were more suitable than the effect of h-ASC-COM, the results of h-ASC-COM + PBM were superior to PBM only.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10648630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107591623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea.","authors":"Khaled M M Koriem, Alaa M A Abdeen","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00179-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00179-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diarrhea is the increase of excretion of human water content and an imbalance in the physiologic processes of the small and large intestine while shikimic acid is an important biochemical metabolite in plants. This study aims to study the anti-diarrheal activity of shikimic acid through restoring kidney function, antioxidant activity, inflammatory markers, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, apoptosis genes, and histology of the kidney in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six male SD rats (150 ± 10 g, 12 weeks old) were divided into 2 equal groups (18 rats/group) as follows: normal and diarrheal rats. Normal rats were divided into 3 equal groups of 6 rats each: the control, shikimic acid, and desmopressin drug groups. Diarrheal rats were also divided into 3 equal groups of 6 rats each: diarrheal, diarrheal rats + shikimic acid, and diarrheal rats + desmopressin drug groups. Shikimic acid restored serum urea and creatinine, urinary volume, kidney weight, sodium, potassium, and chloride balance in serum and urine. The acid returned the antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, NADPH oxidase activity, conjugated dienes, and oxidative index) activity and the inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10) to values approaching the control values. Shikimic acid also restored the sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, the apoptosis genes p53 and bcl-2, and the histology of kidney tissue in diarrheal rats to be near the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Shikimic acid rescues diarrhea and its complications through restoring kidney function, serum and urinary electrolytes, antioxidant activity, inflammatory markers, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, the apoptosis genes, and the histology of the kidney in diarrheal rats to approach the control one.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72209733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline mammary carcinoma-derived extracellular vesicle promotes liver metastasis via sphingosine kinase-1-mediated premetastatic niche formation.","authors":"Yi-Chih Chang, Hao-Ping Liu, Hsiao-Li Chuang, Jiunn-Wang Liao, Pei-Ling Kao, Hsun-Lung Chan, Ter-Hsin Chen, Yu-Chih Wang","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00180-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00180-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies of female cats. FMC is highly metastatic and thus leads to poor disease outcomes. Among all metastases, liver metastasis occurs in about 25% of FMC patients. However, the mechanism underlying hepatic metastasis of FMC remains largely uncharacterized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Herein, we demonstrate that FMC-derived extracellular vesicles (FMC-EVs) promotes the liver metastasis of FMC by activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to prime a hepatic premetastatic niche (PMN). Moreover, we provide evidence that sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) delivered by FMC-EV was pivotal for the activation of HSC and the formation of hepatic PMN. Depletion of SK1 impaired cargo sorting in FMC-EV and the EV-potentiated HSC activation, and abolished hepatic colonization of FMC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, our findings uncover a previously uncharacterized mechanism underlying liver-metastasis of FMC and provide new insights into prognosis and treatment of this feline malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10634095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of severe lung immunopathology associated with influenza infection through adeno-associated virus vector administration.","authors":"Eun Ah Choi,&nbsp;Hi Jung Park,&nbsp;Sung Min Choi,&nbsp;Jae Il Lee,&nbsp;Kyeong Cheon Jung","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00177-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00177-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza A viruses (IAVs) have long posed a threat to humans, occasionally causing significant morbidity and mortality. The initial immune response is triggered by infected epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells. However, an exaggerated innate immune response can result in severe lung injury and even host mortality. One notable pathology observed in hosts succumbing to severe influenza is the excessive influx of neutrophils and monocytes into the lung. In this study, we investigated a strategy for controlling lung immunopathology following severe influenza infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To evaluate the impact of innate immunity on influenza-associated lung injury, we employed CB17.SCID and NOD.SCID mice. NOD.SCID mice exhibited slower weight loss and longer survival than CB17.SCID mice following influenza infection. Lung inflammation was reduced in NOD.SCID mice compared to CB17.SCID mice. Bulk RNA sequencing analysis of lung tissue showed significant downregulation of 827 genes, and differentially expressed gene analysis indicated that the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway was predominantly downregulated in NOD.SCID mice. Interestingly, the expression of the Cxcl14 gene was higher in the lungs of influenza-infected NOD.SCID mice than in CB17.SCID mice. Therefore, we induced overexpression of the Cxcl14 gene in the lung using the adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-vector system for target gene delivery. However, when we administered the AAV9 vector carrying the Cxcl14 gene or a control AAV9 vector to BALB/c mice from both groups, the morbidity and mortality rates remained similar. Both groups exhibited lower morbidity and mortality than the naive group that did not receive the AAV9 vector prior to IAV infection, suggesting that the pre-administration of the AAV9 vector conferred protection against lethal influenza infection, irrespective of Cxcl14 overexpression. Furthermore, we found that pre-inoculation of BALB/c mice with AAV9 attenuated the infiltration of trans-macrophages, neutrophils and monocytes in the lungs following IAV infection. Although there was no difference in lung viral titers between the naive group and the AAV9 pre-inoculated group, pre-inoculation with AAV9 conferred lung injury protection against lethal influenza infection in mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that pre-inoculation with AAV9 prior to IAV infection protected mouse lungs from immunopathology by reducing the recruitment of inflammatory cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71412849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of digital and traditional skin wound closure assessment methods in mice.","authors":"Coco X Huang,&nbsp;Elisha Siwan,&nbsp;Sarah L Fox,&nbsp;Matilda Longfield,&nbsp;Stephen M Twigg,&nbsp;Danqing Min","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00176-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00176-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic skin wounds are a common complication of many diseases such as diabetes. Various traditional methods for assessing skin wound closure are used in animal studies, including wound tracing, calliper measurements and histological analysis. However, these methods have poorly defined wound closure or practical limitations. Digital image analysis of wounds is an increasingly popular, accessible alternative, but it is unclear whether digital assessment is consistent with traditional methods. This study aimed to optimise and compare digital wound closure assessment with traditional methods, using a diabetic mouse model. Diabetes was induced in male C57BL/6J mice by high-fat diet feeding combined with low dose (65 mg/kg of body weight) streptozotocin injections. Mice fed normal chow were included as controls. After 18 weeks, four circular full-thickness dorsal skin wounds of 4 mm diameter were created per mouse. The wounds were photographed and measured by callipers. Wound closure rate (WCR) was digitally assessed by two reporters using two methods: wound outline (WCR-O) and re-epithelialisation (WCR-E). Wounded skin tissues were collected at 10-days post-wounding and wound width was measured from haematoxylin and eosin-stained skin tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between reporters, WCR-O was more consistent than WCR-E, and WCR-O correlated with calliper measurements. Histological analysis supported digital assessments, especially WCR-E, when wounds were histologically closed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WCR-O could replace calliper measurements to measure skin wound closure, but WCR-E assessment requires further refinement. Small animal studies of skin wound healing can greatly benefit from standardised definitions of wound closure and more consistent digital assessment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10605778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61563305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regular medical checkup program (in K-MEDI hub) to enhance the welfare of laboratory dogs and pigs.","authors":"Gwang-Hoon Lee, Woori Jo, Joon-Suk Park, Tae-Ku Kang, Soo-Eun Sung, Taeho Oh, KilSoo Kim","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00170-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00170-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The importance of animal welfare is being recognized worldwide. Recently, the increasing demand for enhanced laboratory animal welfare has led to clinically featured transformations of animal research institutes. This study aims to describe the process and findings of veterinary medical check-ups and its influence on laboratory dogs and pigs welfare. Regular medical checkups were conducted by the attending veterinarian twice a year to ensure the health and welfare of dogs and pigs in our animal research institute. Based on the findings from the medical checkup, we assessed the current health of dogs and pigs,providing reasonable treatments to prevent the risk of complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blood tests and physical examinations revealed clinically relevant findings. Some of these findings were due to insufficient postoperative care after invasive surgical experiments and the remaining were predictable side effects after surgical experiments. However, one finding involved severe gum bleeding due to retained deciduous teeth. This animal was euthanized because it was judged to reach the humane endpoint. Majority of the dogs and pigs at our animal research institute were considered to be healthy, based on the comprehensive results of the medical checkups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regular medical checkups by the attending veterinarian established enhanced animal welfare, ensuring the accuracy and reproducibility of animal studies. This pioneering veterinary animal care program can serve as a potential advanced guideline for animal research institutes to improve dogs and pigs welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49691286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemosensitivity to doxorubicin in primary cells derived from tumor of FVB/N-Trp53^tm1Hw1 with TALEN-mediated Trp53 mutant gene.","authors":"Woobin Yun, Ji Eun Kim, You Jeong Jin, Yu Jeong Roh, Hee Jin Song, Ayun Seol, Tae Ryeol Kim, Kyeong Seon Min, Eun Seo Park, Gi Ho Park, Hyun Gu Kang, Yeon Shik Choi, Dae Youn Hwang","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00175-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00175-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the chemosensitivity to doxorubicin (DOX) in two primary cells derived from a tumor of FVB/N-Trp53^tm1Hw1 knockout (KO) mice with TALEN-mediated Trp53 mutant gene, we evaluated the cell survivability, cell cycle distribution, apoptotic cell numbers and apoptotic protein expression in solid tumor cells and ascetic tumor cells treated with DOX.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary tumor cells showed a significant (P < 0.05) defect for UV-induced upregulation of the Trp53 protein, and consisted of different ratios of leukocytes, fibroblasts, epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells. The IC₅₀ level to DOX was lower in both primary cells (IC₅₀ = 0.12 μM and 0.20 μM) as compared to the CT26 cells (IC₅₀ = 0.32 μM), although the solid tumor was more sensitive. Also, the number of cells arrested at the G0/G1 stage was significantly decreased (24.7-23.1% in primary tumor cells treated with DOX, P < 0.05) while arrest at the G2 stage was enhanced to 296.8-254.3% in DOX-treated primary tumor cells compared with DOX-treated CT26 cells. Furthermore, apoptotic cells of early and late stage were greatly increased in the two primary cell-lines treated with DOX when compared to same conditions for CT26 cells. However, the Bax/Bcl-2 expression level was maintained constant in the primary tumor and CT26 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, these results are the first to successfully detect an alteration in chemosensitivity to DOX in solid tumor cells and ascetic tumor cells derived from tumor of FVB/N-Trp53^tm1Hw1 mice TALEN-mediated Trp53 mutant gene.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10588074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49679138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effect of hesperidin against high dose sildenafil-induced liver and testicular oxidative stress and altered gene expression in male rats.","authors":"Ibrahim M Ibrahim Laila, Samar HassabAllah Kassem, Marwa Salah ElDin Mohamed Diab","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00173-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00173-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical use of sildenafil citrate (Viagra), a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction, is limited because of its many side effects on tissues. In this context, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid, on hepatic and testicular damage induced by a high dose of sildenafil citrate in male rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group was used as the control group. The second group was orally administered sildenafil citrate at a high dose of 75 mg/kg thrice a week. In the third group, hesperidin was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. The fourth group was administered 75 mg/kg sildenafil citrate three times a week with 50 mg/kg hesperidin daily. The experiment lasted for 28 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the sildenafil-treated groups, blood indices were altered, liver function tests were deranged, and serum testosterone levels were reduced. In the liver and testicular tissue, sildenafil citrate treatment resulted in significant reductions in catalase and total antioxidant capacity; as well as increased malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and nitrous oxide levels. In addition, sildenafil citrate treatment caused abnormal histopathological patterns in both the liver and the testes. Liver vascular endothelial growth factor and testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene expression were upregulated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hesperidin attenuated the harmful effects of intensive sildenafil citrate treatment on liver and testicular functions, alleviated oxidative stress and normalized blood indices. Therefore, hesperidin could be protective against sildenafil citrate-induced oxidative damage that may develop over the long term.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41135710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the anti-diabetic potential of hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Koenigia polystachya L.: an edible wild plant from Northeastern India.","authors":"Alokali Kiba, Dipankar Saha, Bhrigu Kumar Das","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00174-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00174-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, medicinal plants are used to treat diseases like diabetes. The present study evaluates the possible antioxidant, acute oral toxicity, the in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential of the hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Koenigia polystachya (HELeKP) against beta-cell damage in experimentally induced diabetes mellitus. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine), ABTS [2,2'-azino bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], H₂O₂ (Hydrogen peroxide), superoxide radical scavenging activity and NO (Nitric oxide) assay estimated the in-vitro antioxidant assay of HELeKP. The acute oral toxicity study was evaluated per the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) test guidelines 425. Diabetes was stimulated in rats with a single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ), and after confirmation of diabetes, HELeKP was given orally for 21 days. Blood/serum samples were gathered and examined for biochemical changes, while tissue samples were evaluated for histopathological alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC₅₀ value of the HELeKP for all the anti-oxidant assays confirms the free radical scavenging activity. The data on acute oral toxicity revealed that the HELeKP used in the study was comparatively very safe. The outcomes of the in-vivo study suggested that the extract significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the fasting glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the lipid profile level was significantly normalized (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) in diabetic rats. The histopathological observation of the pancreas in HELeKP-treated rats showed significant beta-cell restoration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the outcomes of this study, the HELeKP-treated rats have significant free radical scavenging and anti-diabetic potential. Therefore, it can be recommended as a beneficial functional vegetable for consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10506326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10302036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mesocortical dopaminergic system cannot explain hyperactivity in an animal model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)- Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).","authors":"Aysegul Gungor Aydin, Esat Adiguzel","doi":"10.1186/s42826-023-00172-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-023-00172-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders with morphological brain abnormalities. There is a growing body of evidence that abnormalities in the dopaminergic system may account for ADHD pathogenesis. However, it is not clear whether the dopaminergic system is hyper or hypoactive. To determine whether the DA neurons and/or axons deficiency might be the cause of the postulated dopaminergic hypofunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, animal model of ADHD), this study examined the dopaminergic neurons and fibers in the brain tissues of SHRs and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY, control animals). Here, we performed immunohistochemical tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) staining on brain sections collected on juveniles from SHR and WKY. Moreover, behavioral testing to examine the hyperactivity in the open field area was also elucidated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mesocortical dopaminergic system appears to be normal in juvenile SHR, as suggested by (i) no alteration in the area density of TH-immunoreactive (TH-ir) dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), (ii) no alterations in the volume density of TH-ir fibers in layer I of the prelimbic (PrL) subregion of medial PFC (mPFC), (iii) no alteration in the percentage of TH-ir dopaminergic fibers in layer I of the PrL subregion of mPFC as revealed by TH and/or DBH immunoreactivity. Furthermore, the SHR showed increased locomotor activity than WKY in the open field test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The demonstration of no alteration in mesocortical dopaminergic neurons and fiber in SHR raises some concern about the position of SHR as an animal model of the inattentive subtype of ADHD. However, these results strengthen this strain as an animal model of hyperactive/impulsive subtype ADHD for future studies that may elucidate the underlying mechanism mediating hyperactivity and test various treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10500870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10316520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}