Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development最新文献

{"title":"A Bibliometric Review of Executive Function as Cognitive Endophenotypes in Parents of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders","authors":"K. Iyer, Venkatesan Srinivasan","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.371","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main aim of this study was to review whether first-degree relatives (parents) and their children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are cognitive endophenotypes in executive functioning. Method: A survey design was employed from May 2018 to January 2019, using an online and offline database of national and international ISSN Journals and ISBN books. Results: A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 19 of the 63 reviewed studies. A PRISMA Flow diagram and Harvest Plot have been used to depict the results of the analysis Conclusion and Implications: Delineation of executive functions (EF) as cognitive endophenotypes of NDD is, first of all, useful in exploring the genetic basis of these disorders; secondly, for identifying which cognitive traits may be important to it; and thirdly, to initiate and promote better educational practices and cognitive remediation. With a disclaimer that this analysis is only as inclusive as possible in the field of endophenotypes in NDD, limitations in the various studies have been identified, along with future suggestions for research.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130635839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Essential Standards for CBR field workers","authors":"Annemarie Gindorfer, H. Cornielje","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.367","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130932551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a Remote Control Application for Elderly People in Brazil: Analysis of the Factors Involved in the use of a Technological Innovation related to Telecare","authors":"Cristina Nieves Perdomo Delgado, L. C. Paschoarelli","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.374","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The rapid ageing of the Brazilian population highlights the importance of new assistive technologies. The objective of this study was to analyse the positive and negative factors involved in the implementation of a Remote Care App for the elderly in Brazil. Method: A qualitative method as been used, based on discussion groups involving 30 older Brazilian people who participated via a Telecare App. Results: The results obtained highlight positive factors such as security, independence and personal tranquillity, and negative factors such as the privacy of the elderly, the social differences of Brazil, and the design and utility of the App. Conclusion: Discourses on ageing at home using assistive technologies are cultural resources from which older people can make sense of their experience as users of Remote Care. It is also relevant information for the improvement of public policies aimed at caring for the elderly, by considering assistive technologies as factors for independent ageing.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114933640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity of the Community- Dwelling Elderly Population in Gujarat, India: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Samir S. Patel, Nalina Gupta, L. Parmar","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.369","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: While ageing is an inevitable phenomenon of life, physical activity is important for healthy ageing. Compared to the other age groups, older adults throughout the world have the lowest rate of participation in recommended levels of physical activity. This study aimed to investigate the physical activity status of the community-dwelling elderly population in Gujarat, India. Method: This was a cross-sectional study. A door-to-door survey was conducted among selected communities near Vadodara in Gujarat. Based on the inclusion criteria (age≥60years, MMSE-≥24), 347 elderly persons were included in the study. Data was collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Among the 347 older adults (mean age 67.43±7.46 years) who participated in the study, 159 were male and 188 were female. While 125 participants (36%) were physically active at levels recommended by the World Health Organisation, 222(64%) were physically inactive. Conclusion: Only 36% of the participants were physically active as per WHO recommendations. The men were more physically active than the women in the study sample. This study implies that there is a need to create an awareness regarding the importance of physical activity for healthy aging.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125404693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Self-Care in Clients with Heart Failure before and after Treatment, using a Case Management Approach","authors":"Kanokporn Khankaew, Nalintip Ongsombat, Atchariya Wonginchan, V. Senthong, Chollada Thronsao","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.373","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome that is the final stage of most types of heart diseases. Thailand - in the Asia-Pacific region - has an unusually high incidence as the risk factors for heart disease increase due to population structure changes. This article aims to compare the self-care of heart failure clients before and after treatment using case management. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was employed with 30 clients who were treated at the Khon Kaen University Heart Failure Clinic (KKU-HF) between April 2017 and March 2018. The research tool was a 2-part questionnaire that included demographic data and the comparison of scores of self-care before and after treatment using case management. Inferential statistics and paired t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Most of the clients were males (80%), and most of them (56.67 %) were around 60 years of age and older. A comparison of scores for knowledge and understanding of self-care, before and after the treatment, showed a statistically significant improvement at the level of 0.05. Self-care behavior had also improved. The general quality of life had improved by up to 66.67%. Conclusion and Implications: The goal of this research study was to reduce the rate of re-hospitalization, the cost of medical treatment, and the death rate of heart failure clients. The findings can be used not only to develop self-care systems of the Khon Kaen University Heart Failure Clinic (KKU-HF) but also for other clinics to adopt.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115221604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual Hygiene Management: Challenges and Coping Strategies for Adolescents with Disabilities in the Kumasi Metro of Ghana","authors":"A. Enoch, Alberta Nadutey, Barbara Fosua Afful, R. Anokye","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.364","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Effective menstrual hygiene management is vital to the health, well-being, dignity, empowerment, mobility and productivity of girls and women.  This study was conducted to ascertain menstrual hygiene management challenges and coping strategies of adolescents with disabilities in the Kumasi Metro of Ghana. Method: An exploratory study design with qualitative approach was employed to select 18 participants. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, and then transcribed and categorised into specific themes. Results: Females with visual impairment had difficulty in maintaining good menstrual hygiene because of problems in detecting menstrual blood, inability to fix sanitary pads appropriately and wash underwear properly, and anxiety and stress from not knowing whether their period has started. The problems of those with physical impairment were related to inaccessible washrooms, long hours of being seated on the part of wheelchair-users, and difficulty in fixing sanitary pads for those with upper limb impairment. For those with hearing impairment, the main challenge was the communication barrier between them and their significant others whenever they needed help. Conclusion: There are common challenges faced by all girls across the globe with regard to menstrual hygiene management. Adolescent females with disability however face additional challenges with regard to MHM. Those with physical disability encounter accessibility challenges, while the main challenge for the deaf and those with speech problems is communication. The visually impaired live in anxiety due to fear of staining their clothes.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124224790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation of Persons with Disabilities in Political Activities in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana","authors":"Ernest Appiah Kyei, J. Dogbe","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.372","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The opportunity to participate in political activities is at the heart of life in a just and democratic community. This paper attempts to assess the participation of persons with disabilities in political activities in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. Method: A cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach was followed. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select three disability groups (physically impaired, visually impaired and hearing impaired) from the study area. Using a random sampling method, 415 participants were included in the study. Data was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire, and analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: Most of the respondents did not participate in any political activities other than voting in elections. Other types of non-involvement included: Not contributing money to a political party or a candidate (75%); not having written or spoken to an elected representative/official (52%); not attending political meetings (51%); not writing letters to newspapers on a political issue (53%); not contributing money to an organisation trying to influence government policy/legislation (55%); and, not working with groups or on their own to change government laws or policies (51%). Conclusion: Participation of persons with disabilities in various types of political activities was generally low, apart from voting. The government should actively promote an accessible environment in which persons with disabilities can effectively and fully participate in public affairs, without discrimination and on an equal basis with others. This could encourage greater interest in political participation.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116094719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life Accomplishment, Social Functioning and Participation of South-Eastern Nigerians with Lower Limb Amputation","authors":"C. Akosile, C. Okonkwo, F. Maruf, E. Okoye","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.365","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: For a better understanding of the possible impact of impairments and disabilities on the life of individuals with lower limb amputation,it is important to explore the levels of Life Accomplishment (LA), Social Functioning and Participation (SFP) among them.The present study, set in South-Eastern Nigeria, aimed to study these levels and the influence of selected clinical and demographic variables on these constructs. Method: This cross-sectional survey involved 60 individuals with lower limb amputation (46 unilateral, 14 bilateral) recruited from all the five South-Eastern Nigerian States. The Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ), Participation Scale and Life Habit Questionnaire were used for measuring levels of social functioning, social participation and life accomplishment, respectively. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency count, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to test the hypotheses. Alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: Most of the participants (51.7%-58.3%) had low levels of social functioning across SFQ domains. Most of them (61.7%) had severe participation restrictions, and they all had reduced life accomplishments. Participants with bilateral amputation had poorer levels of social functioning (P Conclusion and Implications: Low social functioning, severe participation restrictions, and reduced life accomplishments were prevalent among individuals with lower limb amputation, particularly amongthose with bilateral and above-knee amputations. There is a need to routinely evaluate the studied constructs among individuals with lower limb amputation. The provision of prosthetic aids may help to improve their levels of life accomplishment, social functioning and participation.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125773101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Stigma related to People with Albinism in Tanzania: A Cultural Validation Study of the EMIC-CSS and SDS among Adults","authors":"T. D. Groot, W. Jacquet, P. Meurs, R. Peters","doi":"10.5463/dcid.v31i1.961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/dcid.v31i1.961","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: People with albinism in Tanzania are severely stigmatised. A measurement tool to assess this stigmatisation among adults is lacking. This research aimed at the cultural validation of two Scales to measure stigma related to albinism: The Albinism Social Distance Scale (A-SDS) and the Albinism Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue Community Stigma Scale (A-EMIC-CSS). Method: Conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalences were evaluated through focus groups and interviews. A pilot study among adults attending religious institutes, as a representation of Tanzanian society, was conducted to assess the measurement equivalence. There were 101 respondents for the test and 79 respondents for the re-test. Results: Conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalences of the Scales are sufficient. In terms of measurement equivalence, the internal consistency of the A-SDS and A-EMIC-CSS are adequate. However, social desirability should be taken into account when interpreting the findings. Conclusion and Implications: The insights provided by this article can aid in the development of tools to measure stigma cross-culturally and across stigmatising conditions. The combination of the two Scales for short and long-term effect measurement is recommended.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115114645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Screening and Early Intervention for Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities: Lessons from the RBSK Programme in India","authors":"A. Kar, Bhagyashree Radhakrishnan, Trushna Girase, Dhammasagar Ujagare, A. Patil","doi":"10.5463/dcid.v31i1.890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/dcid.v31i1.890","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose:  The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) is an ongoing screening and early intervention programme for children in India. Children with birth defects and developmental disabilities from rural and urban communities are referred for treatment and therapies to early intervention centres located in urban areas. This study primarily aimed at determining caregiver uptake and compliance to referral advice of the RBSK, with the larger goal of determining the utility of the community-based screening and district-based intervention service model for caregivers of children with disabilities. Method: Three administrative blocks and one municipal corporation area of Pune district, in Maharashtra, were randomly selected. The sample consisted of 115 caregivers of children with disabilities. They were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire that investigated uptake of referral advice, treatment outcome, current health status of the child and reasons for noncompliance, three to nine months after the first referral by the RBSK team.  Results: Sixty-four caregivers were aware of their child’s disability, but most children remained untreated. After screening and referral by the RBSK team, compliance was high for treatable conditions like congenital heart defects. Treatment was discontinued for 83% (24 out of 29) of children with developmental disabilities. Reasons for discontinuation included lengthy waiting time, distance to facility, difficulty in transporting the child, loss of wages, and denial of the child’s disability. Conclusion and Implications: The results indicated that the RBSK programme provides treatment opportunities for children who are left undiagnosed and untreated in the community. Providing rehabilitation services at district centres is a barrier for service uptake. Alternative models such as early childhood development screening and integrating rehabilitation services at the primary healthcare level may be more feasible to provide services for children with disabilities in India.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125057735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}