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“Green” Extractants in the Recovery Processes of Non-ferrous Metal Ions from Technological Solutions “绿色”萃取剂在有色金属离子回收工艺中的应用
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8072
Andrey A. Voshkin, Y. Zakhodyaeva, I. V. Zinov’eva
{"title":"“Green” Extractants in the Recovery Processes of Non-ferrous Metal Ions from Technological Solutions","authors":"Andrey A. Voshkin, Y. Zakhodyaeva, I. V. Zinov’eva","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8072","url":null,"abstract":"The extraction of non-ferrous metal ions (Co, Ni, Cu, Al) from chloride solutions with poly(propylene glycol) 425 was studied. The values of the distribution coefficients and the degree of metal ions extraction are determined in the system under study. The mechanism of metal extraction in the poly(propylene glycol) 425 – sodium chloride– water extraction system in the presence of KSCN is described. The possibility of selective extraction of Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Al (III) from chloride solutions with poly(propylene glycol) 425 in the presence of KSCN is shown. \u0000Keywords: aqueous two-phase system, metal extraction, liquid–liquid equilibria, e-waste, poly(propylene glycol), sodium chloride","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81940116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Prospects of Chlorine Method of Aluminum Production in Modern Conditions 现代条件下氯法制铝的展望
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8104
Vetchinkina Tatiana Nikolaevna, Balmaev Boris Grigorievich, Tuzhilin Aleksey Sergeevich
{"title":"Prospects of Chlorine Method of Aluminum Production in Modern Conditions","authors":"Vetchinkina Tatiana Nikolaevna, Balmaev Boris Grigorievich, Tuzhilin Aleksey Sergeevich","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8104","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The results of the feasibility study of the complete aluminum chlorine production cycle in comparison with the conventional method, namely, the extraction of alumina by the Bayer method and subsequent electrolysis of cryolite-alumina melts are reported in this paper. The advantages of the proposed method are: using low-quality Al-containing raw materials and less scarce and aggressive chlorides instead of fluorides; reduction of specific electric power consumption by about 30%; elimination of high-quality carbon-containing materials consumption and harmful emissions into the atmosphere; reduction of capital investments; labor productivity improvement. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: aluminum-containing raw material chlorination, electrolysis of aluminum chloride, electricity savings \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83619012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Using of Technogenic Waste from Ferroalloy Production 铁合金生产工艺废弃物的利用
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8124
V. Zhuchkov, A. Sychev, O. Zayakin, L. Leontiev
{"title":"The Using of Technogenic Waste from Ferroalloy Production","authors":"V. Zhuchkov, A. Sychev, O. Zayakin, L. Leontiev","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8124","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000When ferroalloys are produced, a large number of coproducts are also formed: slag, riddlings of small fractions of ore raw materials and finished products (ferroalloys), sludge, dust and a number of other materials. Their use and processing allows for reduced consumption of the original minerals, thereby increasing the efficiency of the main production and reducing environmental pollution. As a result, both enterprise costs in the form of environmental payments for emissions and waste disposal, as well as government costs associated with environmental measures are reduced. However, the scale of use of ferroalloy production wastes is relatively small. The replacement of the main and auxiliary equipment with new, environmentally friendly equipment, can promote to significantly reduce or completely eliminate hazardous emissions and the generation of unclaimed production waste. It is necessary to organize the use of blast furnace gas from ore reduction furnaces for preheating and partial recovery of elements of charge materials. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: waste, ferroalloy production, utilization \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73524421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Copper Recovery from Water of Soryinskoye Tailing Pond 索林斯科耶尾矿库水中铜的回收
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8052
A. Lebed’, R. I. Verkhodanov, Z. A. Lebed, A. Metelev, V. Kuznetsov
{"title":"Copper Recovery from Water of Soryinskoye Tailing Pond","authors":"A. Lebed’, R. I. Verkhodanov, Z. A. Lebed, A. Metelev, V. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8052","url":null,"abstract":"The large volume of recycling waters from the Soryinskoye tailing pond (up to 1300 m3/h) offers interesting possibilities for processing concentrates despite the low copper content (5.2-16.4 mg/l). Sulfides precipitation is the most efficient method of heavy metal ions removal from water. In this study, a sulfur solution in sodium hydroxide was used as a sulfidizing agent for precipitation. Commercial liquid alkali (NaOH – 46) and commercial sulfur were the initial agents. Due to the concentrated alkali, dissolution could be carried out at 115-120∘С, which is higher than the melting point of sulfur. Stable solutions were obtained at a weight ratio of NaOH: S = 1: 1 and a sulfur concentration of 350 g/l. During the laboratory and scale-up laboratory tests, the optimal consumption of sulfidizing agent was determined (110% of the stoichiometry for the formation of Cu2S, and copper extraction into the precipitate from the solution was more than 90.0% with high selectivity towards Zn and Fe). An extended analysis of the composition of the sediment (x-ray fluorescence spectrometer SPECTRO XEPOS) obtained during pilot trials showed that the main elements are, %: sulfur 58.4; oxygen 16.2; copper 8.9; iron 5.7; calcium 4.7 and arsenic 3.8. The total fraction of impurity elements does not exceed 2.3%. This study assumes use of the product conditioning to obtain concentrate with increased copper content and sulfur return to sulfidation stage. \u0000Keywords: acid mine drainage, copper recovery, chemical treatment, sulfide precipitation","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77767542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Method for Discontinuing Mercury-Containing Waste Including the Method of Analysis of Residual Concentrations 含汞废物停用方法的发展，包括残留浓度分析方法
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8130
A. Makarova, A. Fedoseev, A. Kushu, E. Vinokurov
{"title":"Development of Method for Discontinuing Mercury-Containing Waste Including the Method of Analysis of Residual Concentrations","authors":"A. Makarova, A. Fedoseev, A. Kushu, E. Vinokurov","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8130","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Environmental safety is one of the most important international and national tasks when using chemicals such as mercury, its compounds and mercury containing waste. Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant. Constant anthropogenic mercury emissions and its presence in food chains affects human and ecosystem health and cause serious concerns. When released into the atmosphere with various emissions, mercury is deposited on the ground or water surface. Due to the global transport of mercury in the environment, its release is possible near sources of pollution, as well as at a remote distance. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: mercury–containing wastes, Minamata Convention, immobilization \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80994774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Copper-doped quasi-one-dimensional ZnO for effective photooxidation of As (III) to As (V) in visible light 掺铜准一维ZnO在可见光下将As (III)有效光氧化为As (V)
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8082
O. Gyrdasova, V. Krasil’nikov, N. S. Sycheva
{"title":"Copper-doped quasi-one-dimensional ZnO for effective photooxidation of As (III) to As (V) in visible light","authors":"O. Gyrdasova, V. Krasil’nikov, N. S. Sycheva","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8082","url":null,"abstract":"By temolysis of the Zn1−  Cu (HCOO)(OCH2CH2O)1/2 complexes in one step Zn1−  Cu O solid solutions were obtained. Сopper in these materials is a regulator of the photoactivity and morphology of aggregates. According to TEM, XPS, optical spectroscopy, and voltammetry, all samples studied contain monovalent copper. It was shown that the maximum photoactivity in the reactions of photooxidation of As in UV and blue light has Zn1− Cu O (0<x<0.1) solid solutions with tubular particle morphology. With an increase in concentration up to 10 at.%, сopper manifests itself as an electron acceptor, which reduces the efficiency of the catalyst in both light ranges. \u0000Keywords: photocatalyst, Cu-doped ZnO, heterostructures, wide-band-gap semiconductors, precursor synthesis","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87806551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Transformation of Di- and Tri-chloromethane Induced By Low Voltage Discharge 低压放电诱导二氯甲烷和三氯甲烷的转化
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8117
Bodrikov Ivan Vasilievich, Grinvald Iosif Isaevich, Titov Evgeniy Yuryevich, Razov Evgeniy Nikolaevich
{"title":"The Transformation of Di- and Tri-chloromethane Induced By Low Voltage Discharge","authors":"Bodrikov Ivan Vasilievich, Grinvald Iosif Isaevich, Titov Evgeniy Yuryevich, Razov Evgeniy Nikolaevich","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8117","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article is focused on the transformation of di- and trichloromethane by induced low-voltage discharges in the liquid phase. To generate discharges, a direct current source is used (capacitance 2200 μF, voltage 60 V). The products and probable intermediates of the CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 transformation were determined by the methods of thermodynamic modeling, FTIR spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Under the action of low-voltage discharges on the liquid substrates, needle fullerene- like structures are formed. In this case the gas phase consists mainly of hydrogen chloride. From the simulation of the nonequilibrium composition of particles and molecular systems it follows that in the course of induced reactions of CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 and geminal elimination of HCl molecules, predominantly carbene-type intermediates are generated. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: dichloromethane, trichloromethane, low temperature plasma, discharges in the liquid phase \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"15 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86975670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theoretical Bases of Electrochemical Cleaning of Oil-contaminated Soil 电化学清洗油污土壤的理论基础
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8120
Meshalkin Valeriy Pavlovich, Shulaev Nikolay Sergeevich, Pryanichnikova Valeria Valeryevna, Bykovsky Nikolay Alekseevich, Kadyrov Ramil Rimovich
{"title":"Theoretical Bases of Electrochemical Cleaning of Oil-contaminated Soil","authors":"Meshalkin Valeriy Pavlovich, Shulaev Nikolay Sergeevich, Pryanichnikova Valeria Valeryevna, Bykovsky Nikolay Alekseevich, Kadyrov Ramil Rimovich","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8120","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This study developstheoretical bases for the electrochemical process of cleaning soils from oil, oil products and highly mineralized reservoir water. The article experimentally and theoretically reveals patterns of reducing the content of polluting oil products in soils of various types during the small voltage passing. The optimal amount of electricity for the effective removal of various types of pollution was required. For the implementation of a electrochemical soil cleaning process a scheme of an original installation with placement of electrodes in the soil was studied. It reduces the resistance between the electrodes. The technical and economical calculations to determine energy costs of the electrochemical installation for cleaning oil-contaminated soils included: the number of electrodes; the voltage depending on the properties of the soil; the area; the depth of contamination of the soil to be treated;azndthe parameters of the electrodes. This allowed us to determine and develop the required degree of cleaning. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: electrochemical process, charge, soil, oil products, voltage, cleaning \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86529023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Preserving the Technogenic Formations of Mining and Smelting Enterprises by Ecologically safe Conservation and Restoration of Landscapes 论生态安全保护与景观修复对矿山冶炼企业技术形态的保护
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8146
Antoninova N. Yu, A. ShubinaL.
{"title":"On Preserving the Technogenic Formations of Mining and Smelting Enterprises by Ecologically safe Conservation and Restoration of Landscapes","authors":"Antoninova N. Yu, A. ShubinaL.","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8146","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The mining and smelting industries use various schemes for collecting and treating the surface waters during mining and after its completion, including the use of facilities for deep-treatment of part of the water for reuse in the enterprise. However, the mining sites are often remote from the processing and metallurgical enterprises where these treated waters could be used. Therefore, the problem of effective protection of the environment from negative influence can be solved by application of new technical solutions for conservation/re-cultivation of host and overburden masses moved to the surface. \u0000Keywords: technogenic formations, ecologically safe conservation, restoration of landscapes \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86435895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extraction Recovery of Vanadium(V) by Amines 胺萃取回收钒(V)
KnE Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18502/kms.v6i1.8083
L. Kurbatova, O. Koryakova, M. Valova
{"title":"Extraction Recovery of Vanadium(V) by Amines","authors":"L. Kurbatova, O. Koryakova, M. Valova","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8083","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The extraction of vanadium (V) by N-(2-hydroxy-5-nonylbenzyl)-β, β- dihydroxyethylamine was studied depending on different factors, such as pH of the medium, concentration of extracting agent, temperature and solvent type. This allowed the optimal extraction conditions to be determined. It was shown that extraction of vanadium (V) takes place with high distribution coefficients, and a complex containing a decavanadate anion and four molecules of the extractant is formed in the organic phase. The extracted vanadium (V) complex with amine is stable for more than one month. \u0000Keywords: extraction, vanadium, distribution coefficient, infrared spectroscopy \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88293083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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