KnE Materials Science最新文献

{"title":"Dielectric Properties and Substantiation of Electromagnetic Technologies for Oil Sludge Processing","authors":"E. Abdeev, M. Fatykhov, R. Saitov, R. Abdeev, L. Fatykhov","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8140","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000In the process of reception, storage and preparation of oil for processing, significant volumes of oil-containing sludge are formed, which are not only a source of pollution, but also a valuable hydrocarbon feedstock. Long-term storage of oil with water, contact with atmospheric oxygen, and the presence of solid particles hydrophobized with asphalt-resinous and paraffinous substances contribute to the formation of “intermediate layers” in these sludges, which are ultra-stable oil-water emulsions. It is proposed to use the energy of the electromagnetic field of the high and microwave ranges when developing a technology for the destruction of oil-water emulsions. After analyzing the composition of the oil sludge, experimental studies were conducted of the dielectric loss tangenttgδδ of oil with the addition of sand and paraffin, depending on the frequency of electromagnetic oscillations in the range of 30 - 160 MHz and temperature in the range of 25 - 80 ∘ С using the cumeter method. Studies have shown that two technologies for the disposal of oil sludge are possible: HF and UHF methods. To assess the effectiveness of their application, it is necessary to conduct experimental studies of the dielectric properties of oil sludge. \u0000Keywords: oil sludge, oil sludge disposal,oil storage, oil-water emulsions, electromagnetic field \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88167649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric Discharge Destruction of Wasted Printed Electronic Boards for Extraction of Metals","authors":"V. Alexeenko, L. Ananieva, A. Zherlitsyn, S. Kondratiev, M. Korovkin, O. Savinova","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8061","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the electric discharge crushing of PCB (printed circuit boards) to millimeter-sized fractions suitable for separation of the metal from the dielectric are presented. The crushing was performed on a high-voltage repetitively pulsed generator with varying the number of pulses. It was determined the dependences of the fractional composition of crushing products on the number of pulses in the cycle. Crushing products were studied for definition separation of metal from the dielectric with optical microscope. The results of the work confirm the possibility of electric discharge crushing various types of PCB, including fiberglass PCB with four layers. \u0000Keywords: high voltage fragmentation, waste printed circuit board, recycling","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79128528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic Analysis of Radioactive Graphite Oxidation in NiO-NaCl-KCl-Na2CO3-K2CO3 Melt in the Atmosphere of Argon","authors":"N. Barbin, A. Kobelev, D. Terent’ev, S. Alekseev","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8129","url":null,"abstract":"Behavior of U, Pu radionuclides was investigated when heating radioactive graphite in NaCl – KCl – Na2CO3 – K2CO3 melt with NiO additives using the thermodynamic modeling method. Calculations were made by the TERRA software that is used for the determination of phase composition, thermodynamic and transport properties, taking into account chemical and phase changes in temperature range 373 – 3273 K. Calculation of equilibrium phase composition and parameters of equilibrium was carried out using reference information about properties of the individual substances (INVATERMO, HSC, etc.). This study demonstrates that at a temperature of 1273 K the condensed carbon burns down with the formation of CO and CO2. Increasing temperature to 1673 K causes the condensed compounds of uranium to evaporate. This study determined that uranium exists in the form of ionized UO−3 in temperature range from 1673 to 3273 K. Plutonium exists in the form of gaseous PuO2, PuO in temperature range 2373 – 3273 K. Keywords: thermodynamic modeling, radionuclides, radioactive graphite","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75843222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic Modeling of Iron and Nickel Reduction from B2O3-CaO-FeO-NiO Melts","authors":"A. Vusikhis, L. Leontiev, E. Selivanov, V. P. Chentsov","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8136","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000At present, during solving theoretical and applied problems of metallurgical technologies improving, thermodynamic modeling (TDM) methods are widely used to calculate multicomponent and multiphase systems. However, existing methodology TДM are intended for the balance analysis in the ”closed” systems. The authors of [9] proposed a technique that allows, using TDMs, to describe metal reduction processes during gas bubbling of multicomponent oxide melts in approximation to “open” real systems. The applicability of the methods is estimated using the example of joint Nickel and Iron reduction modeling in the B2O3-CaO-FeO-NiO system by Carbon monoxide for ”open” and ”closed” systems. The data obtained comparison for ”open” and ”closed” systems show that the consecutive output of products (gas and metal) from working medium promotes achievement of the best parameters for Nickel extraction to alloy and to its residual content in oxide melt. Using this technique, the TДM process of joint reduction of Nickel and Iron in system B2O3-CaO-FeO-NiO by Carbon monoxide in ”open” system was undertaken at various temperatures in the 1273-1773K interval. \u0000Keywords: thermodynamic modeling, ”closed” system, ”open” system, joint reduction, Carbon monoxide, oxide melt, gas bubbling \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77260256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies of Conventional and New Technologies for Preparation of Iron Ore Raw Materials at Iron Making Plant of Pao Severstal to Evaluate Prospectives for Reduction of Ecological Load on Environment","authors":"T. V. Detkova, A. Kalko, A. Eliseev","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8097","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The experts of Centre for Raw Materials Investigations (CRMI) have conducted research into the usage of recycled materials in the following technological processes: sintering and briquetting. Research shows variation in emissions containing sinter gases and qualitative characteristics of the finished product (cold and hot sinter strength). It is suggested that involvement of recycled waste products of steelmaking and chemical processes shall be increased using the method of vacuum extrusion. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: sintering, recycled materials, sinter gas, briquettes \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89749862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Magnesian Cement Producing Technology on the Ural Region Raw Materials Basis","authors":"I. Kashcheev, K. Zemlyanoy, A. Doronin, L. Valieva","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8050","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers an effective way of processing natural and technogenic magnesium-containing materials, which will release magnesium oxide and magnesium sulphate for the production of magnesian cement. Using this method, pure magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate and magnesium sulfate have been obtained, the study considers the properties of magnesian cement with differeng magnesium oxide production conditions. \u0000Keywords: non-conventional magnesium containing raw materials, technogenic materials, magnesian cement, hydrochemical processing, ammonium hydrosulfate","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88655152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power and Resourse Efficient Envoronmentally Safe Technology for Processing Dumps of Technogenic Waste From Ore-Dressing and Processing Enterprises","authors":"V. Meshalkin, V. Bobkov","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8098","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This research proposes a systematic approach for the analysis of volumes, physicochemical, granulometric, lithologic and thermal characteristics of waste from ore-dressing and processing enterprises stored in the dumps (tailing dumps) of ore-dressing and processing plants to assess the economic potential of its use in the system of complex power and resource efficient environmentally safe processing including palletizing machines, conveyor indurating machines and ore–thermal furnaces. The obtained results allow the authors to formulate the basic engineering, technological, economic and environmental requirements for complex chemical and power engineering systems of processing technogenic waste from ore-dressing and processing plants, these results make it also possible to define the degree of variability for the characteristics of the waste lots from various dumps. The paper describes the developed intensional and mathematical formulations for the multiscale problem of optimizing chemical and power engineering processes of technogenic raw materials processing in a complex chemical and power engineering system as a problem for discrete dynamic programming. The distinctive feature of this problem is to take into account the spatio-temporal multistage processing in a moving multilayer mass of pelletized raw material, the intensity of the process of internal moisture transfer and the variables for the control flow of the heat carrier gas. It allows increasing power efficiency by intensifying heat and mass transfer processes of multilayer drying, calcination and sintering. The criterion of the efficiency is the minimum cost of electric and thermal energy spent on processing. The obtained results were used to calculate power efficient environmentally safe processing of technogenic waste from ore-dressing and processing enterprises dumps. It was defined that heat and mass transfer processes are intensified, power consumption is reduced and the quality of the finished product is increased in the conditions of optimal power and resource efficient operation for the processing system. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: tecnhogenic waste, waste processing, ore-dressing and processing plant, power and resource efficiency, optimization, system analysis, environmentally safety \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88661698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Schemes for Preparation and Deep Beneficiation of Technogenic Waste Containing Fine Slimes Environmental Component","authors":"K. Bulatov, G. Gazaleeva","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8150","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article evaluates a new procedure for choosing special methods of disintegration for technogenic rock materials with fines and slimes. The article describe different examples of beneficiation technology for chromium-containing slime tails of the Donskoy beneficiation plant (Republic of Kazakhstan), hematite tails of Magnitogorskiy Metallurgical Plant, and tin waste with fines particles. \u0000Keywords: fine slimes, environmental component, technological schemes, Preparation technogenic waste \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88214087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Attestation of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Based Photocatalyst for Water and Air Purification out of Harmful Organic Impurities","authors":"A. Valeeva, I. B. Dorosheva, I. Weinstein, A. Rempel, E. Kozlova","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8037","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work we have synthesized nanotubular TiO2 film with a nonstoichiometric layer in the vicinity of titanium foil by anodization during 120 min. The catalytic activity of nanotubular titanium dioxide films formed during the oxidation of acetone to carbon dioxide under the action of visible light with a wavelength of 450 nm was found to be approximately 2 times higher compared to standard titanium dioxide (Degussa P25). Such a pronounced enhancement of activity may be attributed to a more efficient absorption of visible light by the films due to narrowing of the optical gap because of difference in the nonstoichiometry of titanium dioxide near the interface between nanotubular film and the titanium foil substrate. \u0000Keywords: photocatalysis, nonstoichiometric titanium dioxide, purification of water","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82292040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-Chemical Foundation of Sludge Processing Hydrometallurgical Production of Vanadium Pentoxide. Investigation of Forms of Vanadium Compounds","authors":"A. Volkov, U. А. Kologrieva, Natoly Ivanovich Kovalev, D. L. Wainshtein, P. Chizhov, I. Seregina","doi":"10.18502/kms.v6i1.8094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v6i1.8094","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000To develop the physico-chemical basis of a complex technology for processing slurries hydrometallurgical production of vanadium pentoxide it is necessary to know in what form vanadium compounds are in the dump sludge and at what stage of processing they were formed, which is why vanadium is not completely extracted into the solution. This paper investigates the behavior of vanadium in the existing process chain (with the study of intermediate products of technological conversion) using a set of modern analytical methods (X-ray diffraction, SEM, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry). \u0000Keywords: vanadium, slag, sludge, vanadium pentoxide, oxidation state, phase composition, processing technology \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"6 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76588076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}