Australian Journal of Islamic Studies最新文献_第2页

Female Leadership in Muslim Societies 穆斯林社会中的女性领导

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v8i2.541

Farjana Mahbuba, S. Rabeya

{"title":"Female Leadership in Muslim Societies","authors":"Farjana Mahbuba, S. Rabeya","doi":"10.55831/ajis.v8i2.541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v8i2.541","url":null,"abstract":"For centuries, Muslim women have been considered legally unqualified for judicial, political, and other highest leadership positions in the public domain. The contemporary debates range from constructing and reconstructing theological contestation to identifying and analysing various socio-cultural realities around Muslim women’s lives which made it more challenging for them to claim leadership. Today, in one hand, a growing number of literatures are challenging conservative religious interpretations that disfavour female leadership and calling to reread religious source texts. On the other hand, many literatures are raising voices on social gender perceptions and cultural biases which create barriers for women leadership. The recent inauguration of hijab-clad Muslim female presidents in Tanzania and Singapore also manifests a positive paradigm shift in collective Muslim consciousness to female leadership. To understand this change, this paper looks into both theological and socio-cultural aspects to outline the different positions and new developments in contemporary literature in identifying the burdens on Muslim women’s shoulders that curtail their aspirations for leadership participation. This study argues that contemporary literature reveals a complex and formidable development in the debate that demands more careful attention to accommodate the changing environment and attitudes in Muslim societies regarding the permissibility and plausibility of female leadership.","PeriodicalId":178428,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"384 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115918192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leadership in the Modern Shīʿī Thought 现代什叶派思想中的领导地位

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v8i2.533

Zahra Azhar

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Different Approaches to Sunni-Shi‘I Exegetical Differences 对逊尼派-什叶派训诂差异的不同看法

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-10 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v8i1.555

Izza Rohman

{"title":"Different Approaches to Sunni-Shi‘I Exegetical Differences","authors":"Izza Rohman","doi":"10.55831/ajis.v8i1.555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v8i1.555","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring how Qur’ān exegetes deal with differences helps reveal different ways Muslims approach their internal diversity. This study examines the approaches of three modern exegetes incorporating both Sunni and Shi‘i literature in their works, i.e. al-Ṭabāṭabā’ī (1904-1981), Hamka (1908-1981), and Quraish Shihab (1944-), to addressing exegetical differences around Ahl al-Bayt mentioned in sūrat al-Aḥzab verse 33. Taking the inspiration of conflict resolution strategies to notice the three scholars’ concern for Sunnism and Shi’ism, this study finds that they demonstrate different levels of concern: al-Ṭabāṭabā’ī is ‘fully competing’, Hamka is ‘partially avoiding’, and Shihab is ‘partially compromising’. Their different interpretive strategies can explain this difference: al-Ṭabāṭabā’ī employs an objectivist approach of ‘interpretation of the Qur’ān in light of the Qur’ān itself’, Hamka focuses on a lucid style of Qur’ān interpretation accessible to a broader audience, and Shihab prefers a multi-subjective approach. This study implies that there is still a lack of tafsīr having equally serious concern for both Sunni and Shi‘a.","PeriodicalId":178428,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129165608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retracing Islamic Prohibition on Genetic Gestational Surrogacy (Uterine Service) for Married Couples 重新审视伊斯兰教对已婚夫妇的遗传妊娠代孕(子宫服务)的禁令

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-10 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v8i1.553

A. Alvi

{"title":"Retracing Islamic Prohibition on Genetic Gestational Surrogacy (Uterine Service) for Married Couples","authors":"A. Alvi","doi":"10.55831/ajis.v8i1.553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v8i1.553","url":null,"abstract":"Assisted reproduction involving third party (sperm, ova or uterus) in the procreation has invited fierce debate amongst Muslim scholar’s world over and the two main theological schools of Islam; Shia and Sunni responded to it differently. In Shia Islam it is practice, while Sunni Islam prohibited it and this prohibition enjoys the endorsement of leading religious clergies (Ulemas) across spectrum. \u0000This paper opens up a novel paradigm with regards to prohibition on availing uterine service to gestate embryo created from the gametes of married intended couple for developmental purpose (genetic gestational surrogacy) from analogical and scientific reference in conjunction to Quranic citation; taking into consideration that wet nursing and gestational surrogacy both are societal services and share certain undeniable biogenesis characteristic. The argument is novel in our knowledge and has not been so comprehensively put forth in written form with such explicit scientific evidences before. The parallels between genetic gestational surrogacy and wet nursing/foster motherhood are discussed, with special reference to mainstream arguments of purity of lineage, sanctity (Hurmat) of surrogate women and sacredness of womb etc. \u0000The key aspects of gestational surrogacy and wet nursing are also elaborated alongside certain departure points between contemporary surrogacy and Islam inspired surrogacy.","PeriodicalId":178428,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124982660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: A Political Theory of Muslim Democracy 书评:穆斯林民主的政治理论

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-10 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v8i1.551

M. Mete

引用次数: 0

End of Jesus’ Life on Earth in the Qur’an 《古兰经》中耶稣在地球上生命的终结

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-10 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v8i1.525

L. Fatoohi

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The Preacher Yaḥyā ibn Muʻādh al-Rāzī and His Disciples in Rayy 传教士Yaḥyā伊本·穆·ādh al-Rāzī和他在雷伊的门徒

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-10 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v8i1.513

Fateh Saeidi

{"title":"The Preacher Yaḥyā ibn Muʻādh al-Rāzī and His Disciples in Rayy","authors":"Fateh Saeidi","doi":"10.55831/ajis.v8i1.513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v8i1.513","url":null,"abstract":"Yaḥyā ibn Muʻādh al-Rāzī (d. 258/872) is one of the prominent figures of early Sufism in the Jibāl region. According to later Sufi biographies and manuals, he was the primary among Sufis to preach from a pulpit, which that is why he is alluded to as ‘the Preacher’ (al-wāʻiẓ). Yaḥyā has travelled extensively throughout the Islamic world, preaching and earning a living. Some believe that Yaḥyā's followers called themselves Muʻādhiyya and refrained from making a definite statement about the punishment of the Hereafter or the forgiveness of major sins. The aim of this study is to discuss the some of the main elements of the Karrāmiyya attitude, like the issue of God's forgiveness, true trust in God, and the emphasis on hope for God's beneficence, which can be found in the preaching of Yaḥyā ibn Muʻādh. In addition, his ontological and mystical attitude to the Creation will be examined. The article then focuses on two of his famous disciples, Ibrāhīm bin Aḥmad al-Khawwāṣ (d. 291/894) and Yūsuf bin al-Ḥusayn al-Rāzī (d. 304/916-7). Al-Khawwāṣ is the best-known advocate of tawakkul, who carried the idea of self-abandonment and trust in God to the extreme. The Malāmatī orientation of Yūsuf al-Rāzī is one of the most significant points that hagiographers underline about his mystical worldview.","PeriodicalId":178428,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120948005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfahānī’s Ontological Argument and Spinoza’s Ontological Arguments for the Existence of God Al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfahānī的本体论论证与斯宾诺莎关于上帝存在的本体论论证

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v7i2.485

Mehdi Khayatzadeh, Mohammad Pakdin Asl

{"title":"Al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfahānī’s Ontological Argument and Spinoza’s Ontological Arguments for the Existence of God","authors":"Mehdi Khayatzadeh, Mohammad Pakdin Asl","doi":"10.55831/ajis.v7i2.485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v7i2.485","url":null,"abstract":"Al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfahānī (1878-1942) and Spinoza (1632-1677), two prominent intellectuals of the Islamic and Western worlds respectively, have proposed different versions of the ontological argument for the existence of God. I present five versions of al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfahānī’s argument in three general dimensions: first, the concept of the necessary being (wājib al-wujūd) as a mental concept; second, the concept of the necessary being as a representation of something external; and finally, the reality of the necessary being or what externally exists by its essence. Only one of these versions is compatible with al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfahānī’s words. On the other hand, Spinoza has presented six arguments in which he has deployed the concept of God in three ways: the concept of God as a concept, the concept of God as a representation of something external, and the mental existence of this concept. In this paper, I compare the accurate construal of al-Muḥaqqiq al-Iṣfahānī’s argument with Spinoza’s six arguments, whereby I make a case for a strong similarity between the grounds and forms of the ontological argument as formulated by these two intellectuals.","PeriodicalId":178428,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116597799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introducing Al-Farabi’s Political Philosophy to the Modern Politics 把法拉比的政治哲学引入现代政治

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v7i2.443

Anggi Azzuhri

{"title":"Introducing Al-Farabi’s Political Philosophy to the Modern Politics","authors":"Anggi Azzuhri","doi":"10.55831/ajis.v7i2.443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v7i2.443","url":null,"abstract":"Al-Farabi categorized cities, the smallest scale of a political association, into four types: the virtuous city, the ignorant city, the wicked city, the diverted city, and the erring city. Al-Farabi terminology indicates that morality is the red-line that differs the nature of each city, although there is no straightforward statement in his treaties. Despite many admirations by later philosophers on Al-Farabi’s political philosophy, his concept is still considered a utopia. Also, it seems that no historical account mentioned any (Islamic) empire, applying Al-Farabi’s ideas on politics. Even Ibn Khaldun criticized Al-Farabi’s concept based on the pragmatic perspective of civilization. However, this fact does not imply the irrelevancy of Al-Farabi’s politics in the practical realm. The question is only regarding what extent Al-Farabi ideas work with politics, particularly modern politics? This study aims to correlate Al-Farabi ideal concept and modern politics. The methodology of this research is qualitative conceptual analysis since the two variables are in the theoretical realm. It can be concluded that Politics in Al-Farabi’s notion strongly connected with Ethics and Morality rather than Authority. An ideal state can actualize through the collective consciousness of true felicity, by which the type of cities is divided. Although Al-Farabi’s political philosophy is quite unapplicable, particularly in the modern age, its role as the highest political principles is undeniable. The essential aspect of Al-Farabi’s political employment in the modern era is his fundamental idea, i.e., ethical society. Establishing an ethical state is more critical than Al-Farabi’s political application entirely.","PeriodicalId":178428,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126782466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Ellipsis Really Exist in the Qurʾān? 古兰经中真的存在省略号ān吗?

Australian Journal of Islamic Studies Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.55831/ajis.v7i2.475

Zaid Alamiri

引用次数: 0