JURNAL SAINS NATURAL最新文献

{"title":"Formulation Fermented Milk with Prebiotics from Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) and Yellow Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) for Improvement Viability lactic acid bacteria","authors":"C. Zaddana, Fitria Dewi Sulistiyono, N. Utami, Eka Novia Indriyani, Sara Nurmala","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i3.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i3.397","url":null,"abstract":"Fermented milk is milk that is fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). LAB can improve the immune system in the human body. The amount of LAB can be increased by the addition of prebiotics. Prebiotics can be found in various natural food sources, including beetroot and yellow sweet potato. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding beetroot and yellow sweet potato prebiotics to the amount of LAB in fermented milk. The research design was experimental using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). There were 6 Formulas which was F1 (0% beetroot: 0% yellow sweet potato); F2(10% beetroot:0% yellow sweet potato); F3(0% beetroot:10% yellow sweet potato); F4(5% beetroot: 5% yellow sweet potato); F5 (6% beetroot:4% yellow sweet potato); F6 (4% beetroot:6% yellow sweet potato). Analysis of the amount of LAB of fermented milk using the TPC method. Proximate analysis using SNI and AOAC methods. The analysis of fermented milk selected from the results of the number of LAB and the hedonic test was F6. The results of the study showed that number of LAB 8 x 108 CFU/mL; pH 3,984; water content 81,46%; 0,61% ash content; protein content 2,36%; fat content 3,48%; carbohydrate content 12,09%; Pb contamination 0,01 mg/kg; Hg contamination <0,005 mg/kg; negative Coliform and Salmonella bacteria contamination; and organoleptically preferred by the panelists. In conclusion, fermented milk F6 with the addition of 4% beetroot and 6% yellow sweet potato can increase the amount of LAB.Keywords: fermented milk; lactic acid bacteria; prebiotics; beetroot; yellow sweet potato ABSTRAKFormulasi Susu Fermentasi dengan Prebiotik dari umbi Bit (Beta vulgaris L.) dan Ubi Jalar Kuning (Ipomoea batatas L.) untuk Peningkatan Viabilitas Bakteri Asam Laktat Susu fermentasi merupakan susu yang difermentasikan oleh bakteri asam laktat (BAL). Dalam jumlah yang cukup BAL dapat meningkatkan sistem kekebalan imun pada tubuh manusia. Jumlah BAL dapat meningkat dengan penambahan prebiotik. Prebiotik dapat ditemukan dalam berbagai sumber pangan di alam, salah satunya yaitu umbi bit   dan ubi jalar kuning. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan prebiotik umbi bit  dan ubi jalar kuning terhadap jumlah BAL pada susu fermentasi. Desain penelitian, yaitu eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Terdapat 6 Formula yaitu F1 (0% umbi bit: 0% ubi jalar kuning); F2(10% umbi bit:0% ubi jalar kuning); F3(0% umbi bit:10% ubi jalar kuning); F4(5% umbi bit: 5% ubi jalar kuning); F5 (6% umbi bit:4% ubi jalar kuning); F6 (4% umbi bit:6% ubi jalar kuning). Analisis jumlah BAL susu fermentasi menggunakan metode TPC. Analisis proksimat menggunakan metode SNI dan AOAC. Analisis susu fermentasi terpilih dari hasil jumlah BAL dan hasil uji hedonik adalah F6 (umbi bit 4% dan ubi jalar kuning 6%). Hasil penelitian yaitu jumlah BAL 8 x 108 CFU/mL; nilai pH 3,984; kadar air  81,46%; kadar abu 0,61%; kadar protein 2,36%; kadar lemak 3,48%; kadar karbohidrat 12,09%; ka","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75113778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory Capacity of Clay Mask 96% Ethanol Extract from Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Siti Qur'aniati, I. Widhyastini, D. Susanty","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i3.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i3.413","url":null,"abstract":"Momordica charantia L. commonly known as bitter melon plant, is widely used as a treatment for various diseases, including skin infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the highest concentration of bitter melon extract and infusion in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research was conducted using the disc diffusion method and evaluation of the quality of the clay mask was carried out on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results showed that 96 % ethanol extract of bitter melon at a concentration of 100% had an inhibitory effectiveness of 6.32 mm and was higher than that of 4.85 mm of bitter melon infusion. The clay mask formula of 96% ethanol extract of bitter melon with concentrations of 5 % (F1), 7.5 % (F2) and 10 % (F3) gave a fairly good evaluation of physical quality with an inhibition zone of 5.0 mm; 7.06 mm and 7.30 mm, respectively. The clay mask of 96% ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit F1, F2 and F3 belongs to the medium category in inhibiting bacteria.keywords: inhibition; ethanol extract; clay mask; Momordica charantia L.; Staphylococcus aureusABSTRAKDaya Hambat Masker Clay Ekstrak Etanol 96% Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureusMomordica charantia L. umumnya dikenal dengan tanaman pare, digunakan sebagai pengobatan terhadap berbagai penyakit, diantaranya infeksi pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi tertinggi ekstrak dan infusa buah pare dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram dan evaluasi mutu masker clay dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96 % buah pare pada konsentrasi 100 % memiliki efektivitas daya hambat sebesar 6,32 mm  dan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan infusa buah pare 4,85 mm. Formula masker clay ekstrak etanol 96 % buah pare konsentrasi 5 % (F1) ; 7,5 % ; (F2) dan 10 % (F3) memberikan hasil evaluasi mutu fisik yang cukup baik dengan zona hambat  berturut-turut 5,0 mm ; 7,06 mm dan 7,30 mm. Masker clay ekstrak etanol 96% buah pare F1, F2 dan F3 termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang dalam menghambat bakteri.Kata kunci: daya hambat; ekstrak etanol; masker clay; Momordica charantia L.; Staphylococcus aureus ","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91293768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of The Fraction of Endophytic Fungus Derived from Sambiloto Flowers (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees)","authors":"Firda Febria, Suryelita Suryelita, Riga Riga","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i3.428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i3.428","url":null,"abstract":"Sambiloto is one of the plants in Acanthaceae family obtaining antibacterial compounds. Another source to identify the antibacterial compounds from sambiloto is endophytic fungus. The study aimed to observe the antibacterial activity and phytochemical constituents of the fractions of endophytic fungus isolated from sambiloto flowers (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees). Endophytic fungus was extracted using ethyl acetate to give the crude extract. The crude extract was fractioned by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) using hexane-ethyl acetate as the solvents to give 17 fractions. In addition, 7 fractions were created by combining the identical stain patterns on the chromatograms. The phytochemical composition of the isolate fraction has been tested, and it was proven that it contained terpenoid and steroid components. The antibacterial activity of the 7 fractions was also examined using the disc diffusion method with a concentration of 5%. The semi-polar fraction actively inhibits bacterial growth.Keywords: antibacterial; Andrographis paniculata; fractination; phytochemical; endophytic fungus ABSTRAKAktivitas Antibakteri dan Kandungan Fitokimia dari Fraksi Jamur Endofitik pada Bunga Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees)Sambiloto adalah salah satu tanaman dalam famili Acanthaceae yang dilaporkan menghasilkan senyawa antibakteri. Sumber lain untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa antibakteri dari tumbuhan sambiloto adalah jamur endofitik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengamati aktivitas antibakteri serta kandungan fitokimia dari fraksi jamur endofitik pada bunga sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees). Jamur endofitik diekstraksi dengan etil asetat dan menghasilkan ekstrak pekat. Ekstrak pekat difraksinasi menggunakan metode Kromatografi Cair Vakum (KCV) menghasiilan 17 fraksi. Berdasarkan analisis noda pada kromatogram, fraksi tersebut digabungkan sehingga diperoleh tujuh fraksi. Ketujuh fraksi tersebut diuji kandungan fitokimianya yang menunjukkan positif mengandung senyawa terpenoid dan steroid. Ketujuh fraksi juga diuji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5% . Fraksi yang bersifat semipolar lebih efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri.Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata; antibakteri; fitokimia; fraksinasi; jamur endofitik","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76920351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparatoin, Characterization and Phenol Adsorption of Mangifera kemanga Blume Seed","authors":"Siti Hadiati Mardiah, D. Arrisujaya, D. Susanty, N. Yuliani","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i3.410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i3.410","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of Mangifera kemanga Blume., an inexpensive biosorbent, for removing of hazardous substances such as phenols from its aqueous solution has been studied. The authors used Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometers, and quantification to study the morphology and characterization of Mangifera kemanga Blume. seeds (MKS) biomass, as well as batch experiments to determine the percentage of phenol removed when pH, contact period, biosorbent dosage, and phenol concentration were varied. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models had been used to interpret the experimental results. The optimal values found in our research correspond to a pH of 6 for an MKS dosage of 35 g/L and a contact time of 45 minutes for initial phenol concentrations ranging from 5 to 25 mg/L.  The result indicated that MKS was a particularly successful adsorbent for phenol chemisorption from aqueous solution.Keywords: adsorption;  endemic; Bogor; Mangifera kemanga; phenol","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76573199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galangal Rhizome (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd) Essential Oil as a Natural Preservative of Chicken Fillets","authors":"Rr Pramitha Ika Putri Ayuningtyas, N. Yuliani, Srikandi Srikandi","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i2.342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i2.342","url":null,"abstract":"Cold storage and the addition of preservatives are ways of preserving fillet products to maintain their quality. The addition of preservatives to fillet products can be in the form of synthetic or natural ingredients. Galangal rhizome contains essential oils that are active as antifungal and antibacterial. This study aimed to know the concentration of essential oils and effective storage time in maintaining the quality of the broiler chicken fillet. The method used is a laboratory experiment, using the concentration of red galangal essential oil (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5%), storage time (0, 8, 12, 16 days), repeated three times and treatment negative control. Microbiological analysis was carried out based on SNI 3924:2009, including Eschercia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp tests. The results showed that 1.5% volatile oil concentration with a storage time of 8 days was the most effective in maintaining the quality of chicken fillet with a total plate count (TPC) of 9x105 cfu/g. The number of Escherichia coli bacteria is 0x101kol/g, Salmonella sp bacteria is negative per 25 grams, the water content is 72.03%, and the pH value is 6.31. The concentration of 1.5% essential oil with a storage time of 16 days obtained the number of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria as much as 100 cfu/g. This result does not exceed the maximum limit of SNI 3924:2009, which is 1x102 cfu/g.The highest organoleptic value of appearance and taste was found in adding 1% galangal essential oil and a storage time of 0 days. For the odour, the highest value was found in adding 0.5% galangal essential oil and a storage time of 12 days.Keywords: Chicken Fillet, Essential Oil, E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp. ABSTRAKMinyak Atsiri Lengkuas (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd) sebagai Pengawet Alami Daging AyamPenyimpanan suhu dingin dan penambahan pengawet merupakan salah satu cara pengawetan produk fillet untuk mempertahankan mutunya. Penambahan bahan pengawet pada produk fillet dapat berupa bahan sintetis atau bahan alami. Rimpang lengkuas diketahui memiliki kandungan minyak atsiri lengkuas yang bersifat aktif sebagai antijamur dan antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minyak atsiri lengkuas dan waktu penyimpanan yang efektif dalam mempertahankan fillet daging ayam ras. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorium, dengan menggunakan  konsentrasi minyak atsiri lengkuas (0; 0,5; 1; 1,5%), lama penyimpanan (0, 8,  12, 16 hari), diulang 3 kali dan perlakuan kontrol negatif. Analisis mikrobiologi dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 3924:2009, meliputi uji Eschercia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Salmonela sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi minyak atsiri lengkuas 1,5% dengan waktu penyimpanan 8 hari merupakan yang paling efektif dalam mempertahankan kualitas fillet ayam dengan nilai total plate count (TPC) sebesar 9x105 cfu/g. Jumlah bakteri Escherichia coli yaitu 0x101kol/g, bakteri Salmonella sp yaitu negatif per 25 gram, kadar air yait","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79503666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Ag-Hidroxyapatite Composite of Bone-in Tuna (Thunnus albacores) Against Streptococcus mutans","authors":"Hendri Faisal, Rida Evalina Tarigan, Julkardo Lase","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i2.378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i2.378","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium from fish bones have not been widely used for human needs. Calcium in the medical field is used as a hydroxyapatite compound, such as in the manufacture of bones and dentures, as an additive in the manufacture of toothpaste, and usage in drug delivery. This study aims to determine whether the Ag-Hydroxyapatite composite has an inhibitory capability against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. This research is an experimental study through laboratory testing by synthesizing Ag-Hydroxyapatite from tuna fish bones (Thunnus albacores) and testing its antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The results showed that the tuna fish bone samples formed hydroxyapatite compounds and the results of the Ag-Hydroxyapatite composite had antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans bacteria, the statistical test results showed a significant difference from the negative control group. Ag-hydroxyapatite composite has antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutansKeywords: Tuna (Thunnus albacores); Hydroxyapatite; Argentum; Antibacterial; Streptococcus mutans ABSTRAKUji Aktivitas Antibakteri Komposit Ag-Hidroksidaapatit dari Tulang Ikan Tuna (Thunnus albacores) terhadap Streptococcus mutansKalsium dari tulang ikan, belum banyak dimanfaatkan untuk kebutuhan manusia. Kalsium dalam dunia medis dimanfaatkan menjadi senyawa Hidroksiapatit. seperti pada pembuatan tulang dan gigi palsu, sebagai bahan tambahan dalam pembuatan pasta gigi dan juga digunakan sebagai penghantar obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah komposit Ag-Hidroksiapatit memiliki daya hambat terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat eksperimental melalui pengujian laboratorium dengan mensintesis Ag-Hidroksiapatit dari tulang ikan tuna (Thunnus albacores) dan menguji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari sampel tulang ikan tuna terbentuk senyawa Hidroksiapatit dan hasil komposit Ag-Hidroksiapatit memiliki aktifitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans, hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan terhadap kelompok kontrol negatif.  Komposit Ag-hidrokiapatit memiliki aktifitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutansKeywords: Tuna (Thunnus albacores); Hydroxyapatite; Argentum; Antibacterial; Streptococcus mutans","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90753658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"pH Indicator Paper by Immobilizing Turmeric Rhizome Ethanol Extract on Filter Paper","authors":"Maria Aloisia Uron Leba, Maria Benedikta Tukan, Faderina Komisia","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i2.377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i2.377","url":null,"abstract":"Research has been carried out on the manufacture of pH indicator paper by immobilizing turmeric rhizome ethanol extract on filter paper. Turmeric extract was extracted from turmeric rhizome samples with 95% medical-grade ethanol and 96% analytical grade ethanol. The ethanol extract obtained was immobilized by adsorption on filter paper. This research aimed to examine the phytochemicals of turmeric ethanol extract, the effectiveness of turmeric ethanol extract on pH solution of 1 -14, the effectiveness of turmeric paper on pH solution of 1-14, colour stability and effectiveness of turmeric paper based on storage time. Based on the research results obtained, EEK-95% and EEK-96% contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids, EEK-95% and EEK-96% are yellow at pH 1-7, yellow-orange at pH 7.5-7.7, pale brick red at pH 7.8-8 and brick red at pH 9-14, KIK-95% and KIK-96% are yellow at pH 1-7.5, brick red at pH 7.6-9 and dark brick red at pH 10-14, KIK-95% and KIK-96% are stable for more than 5 months and still give a good response.Keywords: curcumin; turmeric; pH indicator; indicator paper; natural indicatorABSTRAKKertas Indikator pH dengan Mengimmobilisasikan Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit pada Kertas SaringTelah dilakukan penelitian pembuatan kertas indikator pH dengan mengimmobilisasikan ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit pada kertas saring. Ekstrak kunyit diekstraksi dari sampel rimpang kunyit dengan pelarut etanol 95 % grade medis dan etanol 96% grade analisis. Ekstrak etanol yang diperoleh diimobilisasikan secara adsorbsi pada kertas saring. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kandungan  fitokimia ekstrak etanol kunyit, efektivitas ekstrak etanol kunyit pada larutan pH 1 -14, efektivitas kertas kunyit pada larutan pH 1-14, stabilitas warna dan efektivitas kertas kunyit berdasarkan waktu penyimpanan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh EEK-95% dan EEK-96% mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin dan triterpenoid, EEK-95% dan EEK-96% berwarna kuning pada pH 1-7, kuning oranye pada pH 7,5-7,7, merah bata pudar pada pH 7,8-8 dan merah bata pada pH 9-14,  KIK-95% dan KIK-96% berwarna kuning pada pH 1-7,5, merah bata pada pH 7,6-9 dan merah bata pekat pada pH 10-14, KIK-95% dan KIK-96% stabil hingga lebih dari 5 bulan dan masih memberikan respon yang baik.Kata kunci: kurkumin; kunyit; indikator pH; kertas indikator; indikator alami","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81653748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Hibiscus Leaves Extract as an Environmentally Friendly Detergent Active Ingredients","authors":"Muhamad Aditya Hidayah, Gerda Pintoko Tunjungsari, A. Ahmad, Retno Aliyatul Fikroh*","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i2.381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i2.381","url":null,"abstract":"Detergent is an ingredient used to maintain cleanliness. In the manufacture of detergents, an active ingredient in the form of LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate) surfactant is often added to kill bacteria. In addition to using synthetic materials, natural ingredients can also be used that can act as antibacterial. One of the natural ingredients with antibacterial activity is hibiscus leaves (Hibiscus tilianceus L). The use of hibiscus leaf extract as a substitute for LAS surfactants aims to reduce the impact of environmental pollution The purpose of this research was to find the right formula in the manufacture of liquid detergent made from hibiscus leaf extract and determine its quality based on SNI 06-0475-1996. The research method used is experimental research that produces qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data include phytochemical tests, organoleptic tests, hard water emulsion stability tests, and cleaning power tests. The resulting quantitative data includes the characteristics of the liquid detergent produced based on testing pH, specific gravity, antimicrobial test, phenol coefficient, and levels of active substances. Based on the study, results showed that hibiscus leaf extract contained secondary metabolites in the form of saponins, triterpenoid/steroidal saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols. The antibacterial test showed that hibiscus leaf liquid detergent had antibacterial activity 1.67 times more effective than phenol. The product test results show that the liquid detergent of hibiscus leaves has the quality according to SNI 06-0475-1996.Keywords: Hibiscus Leaf Extract; Eco-Friendly Detergent; Hibiscus leaves; Surfactant; LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate)  ","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81274795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary Metabolites and Potential Antioxidants of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Mace from West Java","authors":"R. Erza, Karmanah Karmanah, N. Nurlela","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i2.380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i2.380","url":null,"abstract":"Nutmeg mace is a mesh-shaped seed coat that is bright red when the fruit is ripe and yellowish-white when immature, which generally contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and phenolics. This study aimed to examine the content of flavonoids and phenolics, the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of the nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) mace based on three regions in West Java i.e. Sukabumi, Cianjur, and Bogor District with age differences. Total phenolic content was measured spectrophotometrically using the Folin Ciocalteau reagent. The total flavonoid content was quantitatively measured using the AlCl3 colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity was tested by measuring the IC50 using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method. The highest phenolic content was found in young nutmeg from Sukabumi Regency (76.40 mgTAE/g). The highest flavonoid content was found in old age mace nutmeg from Bogor Regency (20.33 mgQE/g). Nutmeg mace has the potential as a natural antioxidant because it can reduce free radicals in DPPH with the lowest IC50 of 153.5 mg/L in old mace from Cianjur District.Keywords: Myristica fragrans Houtt; Mace; Phenolic; Flavonoid; Antioxidant ActivityABSTRAKKandungan Metabolit Sekunder Dan Potensi Antioksidan Fuli Buah Pala (Myristica Fragrans Houtt) Dari Jawa BaratFuli pala adalah selubung biji berbentuk jala berwarna merah terang ketika buah sudah matang dan berwarna putih kekuningan ketika belum matang, yang  umumnya mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder diantaranya flavonoid dan fenolik. Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk menguji kandungan senyawa flavonoid, fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol fuli pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) berdasarkan tiga wilayah yaitu Kabupaten Sukabumi, Kabupaten Cianjur dan Kabupaten Bogor dengan perbedaan usia. Kadar total fenolik diukur spektrofotometri menggunakan reagen Folin Ciocalteau, Kadar total flavonoid secara kuantitatif dengan metode kolorimetri AlCl3. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji dengan mengukur nilai IC50 dengan metode 2,2- difenil-1-pikril hidrazil (DPPH). Kadar fenolik tertinggi didapatkan pada pala usia muda dari Kabupaten Sukabumi dengan kadar sebesar 76,40 mgTAE/g. Kadar flavonoid tertinggi didapat pada fuli pala usia tua di Kabupaten Bogor dengan kadar sebesar 20,33 mgQE/g. Fuli buah pala berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami karena mampu meredam radikal bebas pada DPPH dengan IC50 terendah sebesar 153,5 mg/L yang diperoleh dari fuli usia tua dari Kabupaten Cianjur.Kata kunci: Myristica fragrans Houtt; Fuli; Fenolik; Flavonoid; Aktivitas Antioksidan","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87818563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Iron Scrap for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment by Fenton and Foto-Fenton Processes","authors":"D. N. Sari, Dea Amelia, Muhammad David Ramadhon, Y. Tiandho","doi":"10.31938/jsn.v12i2.341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v12i2.341","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the amount of palm oil production impacts increasing the total liquid waste from the processing of palm oil. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) has high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) parameters that can cause environmental pollution. This study processed POME using the Fenton mechanism using reagents derived from scrap iron. The Fenton mechanism is one of the advanced oxidation process technology (AOPs) in wastewater treatment. To improve the performance of the Fenton mechanism, the researchers integrated it with UV-rays in the photo-Fenton mechanism scheme. Fenton and photo-Fenton processes effectively reduce the pH, BOD, and COD of POME. The COD removal efficiency was 99.91%, while the BOD removal efficiency was 99.93%. The more FeSO4 added to the wastewater, the more significant the reduction of BOD and COD in the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. Also, photo-Fenton is more effective than the Fenton process to reduce BOD and COD in the POME.Keywords: POME; Fenton; Photo-Fenton; Scrap ironABSTRAKPemanfaatan Besi Bekas untuk Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Kelapa Sawit Melalui Proses Fenton dan Foto-FentonMeningkatnya jumlah produksi kelapa sawit, berdampak pada peningkatan total limbah cair dari hasil pengolahan kelapa sawit. Limbah cair industri kelapa sawit atau Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) memiliki nilai parameter chemical oxygen demand (COD) dan biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) yang tinggi sehingga dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Di dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pengolahan POME menggunakan mekanisme Fenton menggunakan reagen yang berasal dari besi bekas. Mekanisme Fenton adalah salah satu pengembangan dari teknologi proses oksidasi maju (AOPs) dalam pengolahan air limbah.  Untuk meningkatkan performa dari mekanisme Fenton, peneliti mengintegrasikan system tersebut dengan sinar-UV dalam skema mekanisme foto-Fenton. Proses Fenton dan foto-Fenton sangat efektif dalam menurunkan pH, BOD dan COD dari POME. Efisiensi penyisihan COD mencapai 99,91%, sedangkan efisiensi penyisihan BOD mencapai 99,93%. Semakin banyak FeSO4 yang ditambahkan ke dalam air limbah maka semakin besar reduksi BOD dan COD dalam proses Fenton dan foto-Fenton. Selain itu, foto-Fenton lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan proses Fenton dalam mereduksi BOD dan COD dalam POMEKata kunci : POME; Fenton; foto-Fenton; besi bekas","PeriodicalId":17812,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL SAINS NATURAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88905358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}