Jurnal Kimia最新文献

{"title":"EFEKTIVITAS JINTEN HITAM (Nigella sativa) DALAM UPAYA PENYISIHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA AIR DARI SUMBER MATA AIR DI KECAMATAN SELEMADEG BARAT KABUPATEN TABANAN","authors":"K. Swandiyasa, I. W. B. Suyasa, I. Dewi","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p14","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000  \u0000               Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang uji daya hambat ekstrak air jinten hitam (Nigella sativa L.) terhadap penyisihan bakteri Escherichia coli pada air yang terdapat di sumber mata air Desa Tiying Gading Kecamatan Selemadeg Barat Kabupaten Tabanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan alat penyaring air dengan kombinasi bahan alami (pasir halus, jinten hitam dan karbon aktif), mengetahui kemampuan daya hambat ekstrak air jinten hitam terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli, serta mengetahui dosis dan waktu kontak optimum ekstrak air jinten hitam dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli. Metode yang digunakan adalah Plate Count Agar (PCA) dengan media pertumbuhan Cromocult Coliform agar (CCA). Didapatkan hasil bahwa ekstrak dan residu jinten hitam mampu menyisihkan berturut-turut sebesar 99,995% dan 88,095%, dengan dosis optimum 15 mL ekstrak jinten hitam pada waktu kontak 5 menit dan 15 mg residu jinten hitam pada waktu 10 menit. Laju kematian bakteri Escherichia coli tertinggi adalah 1,722/menit untuk ekstrak jinten hitam dan 1,423/menit pada residu jinten hitam. Ekstrak jinten hitam menunjukkan hasil yang lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan residu jinten hitam. Adanya senyawa seperti thymoquinone pada ekstrak jinten hitam dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mengeliminasi bakteri Escherichia coli. \u0000  \u0000Kata kunci: daya hambat, dosis, Escherichia coli, jinten hitam (Nigella sativa), waktu kontak. \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000  \u0000              Research has been conducted on the inhibition test of black cumin water extract (Nigella sativa L.) against the elimination of Escherichia coli bacteria in water found in the spring of Tiying Gading Village, Selemadeg Barat District, Tabanan Regency. This study aimed to determine the ability of water filters with a combination of natural materials (fine sand, black cumin and activated carbon) and the inhibition ability of black cumin water extract against the growth of E. coli bacteria, as well as the optimum dose and contact time of the black cumin water extract in inhibiting the growth of E. coli bacteria. The method used was Plate Count Agar (PCA) with Cromocult Coliform Agar (CCA) growth media. The results showed that black cumin extract and residue were able to remove 99.995% and 88.095%, respectively, with an optimum dose of 15 mL of black cumin extract at a contact time of 5 minutes, and 15 mg of black cumin residue at a contact time of 10 minutes. The highest death rate of Escherichia coli bacteria was 1.722/min for black cumin extract and 1.423/min for black cumin residue. The black cumin extract showed superior results compared to the black cumin residue. The presence of compounds such as thymoquinone in black cumin extract can increase the ability to eliminate Escherichia coli bacteria. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: black cumin, contact time, dosage, Escherichia coli, inhibition power, Nigella sativa (black cumin).","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91388823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDANT DAN ANTIBAKTERI (Staphylococus epidermidis) EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH RENGGAK (Amomum dealbatum ) TANAMAN KHAS LOMBOK","authors":"M. Azim, P. Hariadi, T. Yuliana","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p11","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000  \u0000Renggak (Amomum dealbatum Roxb) merupakan tanaman merumpun yang masih jarang dieksplorasi serta masih jarang digali aktivitasnya. Tanaman yang masih tergolong sebagai famili zingiberaceae ini memungkinkan dapat digali sebagai antioksidan dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan dari ekstrak kulit renggak serta analisis fitokimia dari tanaman tersebut. Ekstraki dilakukan menggunakan pelarut metanol sementara aktivitas antioksidan dianalisis dengan metode DPPH secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap ekstraknya dilakukan terhadap Staphylococus epidermidis dengan metode sumuran difusi agar dengan media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). Hasil analisis antibakteri didapatkan zona hambat terbaik dengan konsentrasi 50% sebesar 17,65 mm sebagai konsentrasi terbaik. Sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kulit renggak menunjukkan nilai IC50 sebesar 244,904 µg/ml. . Hasil analisis fitokimia dari ekstrak kulit renggak mengandung, alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tannin.  Renggak masih perlu dieksplorasi lebih dalam lagi termasuk isolasi senyawa yang berperan sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan. \u0000  \u0000Kata kunci: amomum dealbatum roxb, antibakteri, antioksidan, ekstrak kulit renggak. \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000  \u0000Renggak (Amomum dealbatum Roxb) is a clump plant rarely explored of their activities. This plant, classified as the Zingiberaceae family, allows it to be explored as an antioxidant and antibacterial. The purpose of this research was to explore the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the peel extract of renggak as well as the phytochemical analysis of the extract. Extraction was carried out using metanol as the solvent while antioxidant activity was analyzed by qualitative and quantitative DPPH method. The antibacterial activity test of the extract was investigated on Staphylococcus epidermidis using the agar diffusion well method with Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The results of antibacterial analysis obtained 17.65 mm of the inhibition zone with optimum concentration of 50%. While the antioxidant activity of the peel extract of renggak showed IC50 value of 244.904 µg/ml. The results of the phytochemical analysis contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Renggak still needs to be explored further, including the isolation of compounds that act as antibacterial and antioxidant. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: amomum dealbatum roxb, antibacterial, antioxidant, peel extract of renggak.","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84868089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METODE DESTRUKSI GELOMBANG MIKRO MENGGUNAKAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI ASAM NITRAT UNTUK PENENTUAN LOGAM Cd DAN Pb DALAM PRODUK MAKANAN BAYI","authors":"M. Taufiq","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p03","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000  \u0000            Destruksi sistem gelombang mikro menggunakan variasi konsentrasi asam nitrat (3, 6, 9 mol/L) yang dikombinasikan dengan H2O2 30% (7:1 mL) telah berhasil diaplikasikan pada 4 (empat) jenis sampel produk makanan bayi (A, B, C, D) untuk keperluan analisis Cd dan Pb menggunakan spektroskopi serapan atom (AAS) AA240. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas HNO3 encer pada proses destruksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada konsentrasi HNO3 3 mol/L proses destruksi tidak sempurna, kandungan Cd dan Pb yang terdeteksi lebih kecil dari batas kuantifikasi AAS-AA240. Sampel A, B, C dan D terdeteksi mengandung Cd dan Pb pada konsentrasi HNO3 6 dan 9 mol/L, larutan hasil destruksi jernih dan tidak ada residu padatan sebagai indikasi semua senyawa organik terdestruksi sempurna. Konsentrasi paling efektif diperoleh pada HNO3 9 mol/L dengan kandungan Cd dan Pb tertinggi terdapat pada sampel kode B masing-masing sebesar  0,50 ± 0,0385 dan 1,75 ± 0,2472 mg/L. Metode destruksi ini telah memenuhi kriteria persyaratan validasi dengan nilai perolehan kembali sebesar 89,75 – 105,29% untuk Cd dan 86,93 – 97,31% untuk Pb, metode ini dapat dijadikan sebagai metode alternatif dalam preparasi sampel untuk analisis logam, dapat dikategorikan sebagai metode analitik yang lebih aman, lebih ekonomis, dan menghasilkan limbah beracun yang lebih sedikit. \u0000  \u0000Kata Kunci: destruksi gelombang mikro, makanan bayi, metode AAS, preparasi sampel. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000  \u0000         A microwave digestion system using variation of nitric acid (3, 6, 9 mol/L) combined with 30% H2O2 has been successfully applied to 4 (four) types of baby food samples (A, B, C, D) for the determination of Cd and Pb using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) AA240. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of dilute HNO3 on the microwave digestion system. The results showed that at a 3 mol/L of HNO3 the digestion processes incomplete, the Cd and Pb contents is smaller than the limits of quantification of the AAS-AA240. The A, B, C dan D samples were detected Cd and Pb at 6 and 9 mol/L of HNO3, clear solutions and did not present solid residues, this condition indicates that all organic compounds is completely digested. The most effective concentration was 9 mol/L of HNO3, the highest of Cd and Pb content were found in the B sample namely 0.50 ± 0.0385 and 1.75 ± 0.2472 mg/L, respectively. This digestion method met the validation requirements with recoveries of 89.75 – 105.29% for Cd and 86.93 – 97.31% for Pb, this method can be used as an alternative for sample preparation of metal analysis, can be categorized as a safer analytical method, more economical, and generate less toxic waste. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: AAS method, baby food, microwave digestion system, sample preparation.","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85829327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bahasa Indonesia","authors":"H. Kusuma, A. A. Putra, P. Suarya","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p15","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000  \u0000Nitrogen memiliki peranan utama dalam proses pertumbuhan tanaman. Namun, keberadaan dan ketersediaan nitrogen di dalam tanah terbatas, karena mudah hilang dan terbawa air, sehingga menyebabkan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen yang rendah. Peningkatan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen dapat diupayakan melalui formulasi pupuk dalam bentuk slow release fertilizer (SRF) dan pemberian unsur nitrogen dalam jumlah yang banyak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pelepasan nitrogen total dalam tanah setelah terikat pada bentonit teraktivasi asam yang terlapisi amonium nitrat. Pada pembuatan SRF, pelapisan amonium nitrat pada bentonit teraktivasi dilakukan dengan perbandingan massa (gram) 20:20. Penentuan kadar nitrogen total dilaksanakan menggunakan metode Kjeldahl. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa SRF 20 memiliki kandungan nitrogen total tertinggi sebesar 0,77%. Karakterisasi SRF 20 menggunakan FTIR mengindikasikan adanya amonium nitrat yang terikat pada SRF 20. Gugus fungsi yang menyatakan adanya ikatan amonium nitrat pada SRF 20 adalah C-O dan N-H. Untuk pengulangan 1, 2, dan 3 selama 7 hari leaching, nitrogen total yang terlepas masing-masing sebanyak 0,0051; 0,0075; dan 0,0067 gram dengan sisa nitrogen 0,61; 0,60; dan 0,60 gram. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa nitrogen berhasil terperangkap dalam permukaan maupun struktur pori-pori adsorben, yaitu bentonit teraktivasi. \u0000  \u0000Kata kunci:   amonium nitrat-bentonit teraktivasi, pelepasan nitrogen, Slow Release Fertilizer \u0000  \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000  \u0000Nitrogen has a major role in the process of plant growth. Unfortunately, the presence and availability of nitrogen in the soil are limited because nitrogen is easily lost and carried away by water causing low nitrogen fertilization efficiency. Increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization can be pursued through the formulation of fertilizer in the form of Slow Release Fertilizer (SRF) and the application of nitrogen in large quantities. The purpose of this study was to determine the total nitrogen release pattern in the soil after being bound to acid-activated bentonite coated with ammonium nitrate. In the preparation of the SRF, the activated bentonite was coated by ammonium nitrate with a mass ratio (grams) of 20:20. The tests for determining the total nitrogen content were done using Kjeldahl method. The results showed that SRF 20 had the highest total nitrogen content of 0.77%. The characterization of SRF 20 using FTIR revealed that the ammonium nitrate bound to the SRF 20. The functional groups indicating the presence of ammonium nitrate in the SRF 20 were C-O and N-H. In repetitions 1, 2, and 3 for 7 days of leaching, the total nitrogen released was 0.0051; 0.0075; and 0.0067 grams, with nitrogen remaining 0.61; 0.60; and 0.60 grams, respectively. This proved that nitrogen was successfully trapped in the surface and pore structure of the adsorbent, activated bentonite. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: ammonium nitrate-bentonite, nitrogen release, Slow Release Fert","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82562722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODIFIKASI pH SILIKA MESOPORI DARI PASIR PANTAI SEBAGAI ADSORBEN TIMBAL (Pb) DAN TEMBAGA (Cu) DALAM LIMBAH PERCETAKAN","authors":"S. Salamah, A. Rahayu","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p07","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000  \u0000Limbah industri umumnya mengandung logam Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn, dan Cu. Logam-logam ini sangat berbahaya sehingga perlu dilakukan pengolahan limbah, seperti menggunakan adsorben yang mempunyai luas permukaan besar, contohnya silika mesopori (SM). SM dapat dibuat dari silika pasir pantai. Pasir diekstraksi dengan larutan HCl untuk mendapatkan silika, dilanjutkan dengan refluks menggunakan NaOH. Silika diproses menjadi SM dengan templet Dodesil Amina (DDA).  Proses pembentukan SM dalam kondisi asam dilakukan dengan variabel pH 3, pH 4 dan pH 5. SM yang terbentuk digunakan untuk adsorpsi limbah percetakan.  Hasilnya menunjukkan karakter SM optimum didapatkan pada pH 4 dengan luas permukaan  286,46 m2/g, volume pori total  10,9 cm3/g dan diameter pori 15,21 nm. Limbah percetakan sebelum adsorpsi mengandung logam timbal (Pb) <0,009 mg/L, tembaga (Cu) 0,5589 mg/L, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) sebesar 1740 dan  Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) sebesar 6534. Adsorpsi limbah menggunakan SM optimum dilakukan pada waktu kontak 120 menit dengan kecepatan pengadukan 180 rpm. Kandungan Cu dalam filtrat setelah proses adsorpsi dengan kecepatan putaran pengaduk 180 rpm adalah sebesar 0,05 mg/L. Level BOD pada sampel setelah adsorpsi dengan waktu 120 menit terjadi penurunan 20 %, sedangkan level COD terjadi penurunan 50 %. Level BOD dan COD setelah adsorpsi masih relatif tinggi, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 1260 dan 3059,5. Hasil analisis dengan SEM-EDX Mapping pada adsorben SM setelah adsopsi menunjukkan bahwa pada adsorben masih terdapat logam Pb 1,17 %b/b dan Cu 1,48 %b/b. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa silika mesopori potensial dan dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben pada pengolahan limbah industri yang mengandung logam Pb dan Cu. \u0000  \u0000Kata kunci: adsorpsi limbah, modifikasi pH, silika mesopori, tembaga, timbal.  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000  \u0000           Industrial waste generally contains Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn, and Cu metals. These metals are hazardous, therefore, a waste treatment needs to be carried out, such as by using a large surface area of adsorbent, for example, mesoporous silica (MS). MS can be prepared from beach sand silica. The sand was extracted using an HCl solution to obtain the silica, followed by refluxing it using NaOH. The silica was then processed into MS using a Dodecyl Amine (DDA) template. The process of forming MS in an acidic condition was done with the variables of pH 3, pH 4, and pH 5. The MS created was then used for the adsorption of printing waste. The results showed that the optimum MS character was obtained at pH 4 with a surface area of ??286.46 m2/g, a total pore volume of 10.9 cm3/g, and a pore diameter of 15.21 nm. The printing waste before the adsorption contained lead (Pb) of <0.009 mg/L, copper (Cu) of 0.5589 mg/L, BOD of 1740, and COD of 6534. The adsorption of waste by using the optimum MS was done at a contact time of 120 minutes with a stirring speed of 180 rpm. The content of Cu in the filtrate after the adsorption using a condition of ","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88367507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POTENSI EKSTRAK n-BUTANOL DAUN TENGGULUN (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"N. M. Puspawati, G. A. G. Indukirana, I. M. Sukadana","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p13","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000 Staphyloccocus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab penyakit menular di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komponen senyawa yang terdapat pada ekstrak n-butanol daun tenggulun (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) dan mengidentifikasi konsentrasi hambat minimum yang menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S.aureus. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode sumur difusi dan dentifikasi senyawanya menggunakan LC-MS/MS (Liquid Mass Spectrometry-Tandem Mass Spectrometry). Serbuk daun tenggulun sebanyak 1 kg dimaserasi dengan metanol, menghasilkan 90,58 g ekstrak kental metanol yang dipartisi dengan n-butanol. Ekstrak n-butanol pekat pada konsentrasi 20% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan S.aureus secara kuat dengan dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 16,66 mm dan memiliki konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) sebesar 8,75 mm pada konsentrasi 1%. Pemisahan komponen senyawa pada ekstrak n-butanol dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi kolom dengan silika gel sebagai fase diam dan fase gerak etil asetat : asam asetat : asam formiat : air dengan perbandingan 10 : 1 : 1 : 2,6 , dimana hasil pemisahannya diperoleh 5 fraksi gabungan (FA, FB, FC, FD, FE). Dalam penelitian ini hanya Fraksi A dan E yang relatif murni secara kromatografi lapis tipis. Hasil identifikasi fraksi A dengan LC-MS/MS, diduga mengandung senyawa Kokamidropropil betain, 2-feniletanol dan Morin. Sementara itu pada fraksi E diduga mengandung senyawa Rutin. \u0000Kata Kunci: antibakteri, daun tenggulun (Protium javanicum Burm. F), LC MS/MS, Staphylococcus aureus. \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000One of the microorganisms that causes infectious disorders in Indonesia is Staphyloccocus aureus (S.aureus). According to preliminary research Tenggulun leaves can prevent the growth of S.aureus. In order to stop the growth of S.aureus, this study was set out to estimate the minimum inhibitory concentration of an n-butanol extract from tenggulun leaves (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) and to characterize its components. Maceration was utilized to extract the tenggulun leaves, agar well diffusion method was used to test for antibacterial activity, and Liquid Mass Spectrometry-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was applied to identify the chemicals. One kilogram of tenggulun leaf powder was macerated in metanol to produce 90.58 grams of thick methanol extract divided among with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol to be partitioned. The growth of S.aureus bacteria could be inhibited by the concentrated n-butanol extract at a concentration of 20% with an inhibition diameter of 16.66 mm and the minimum inhibitory concentration of 1% was 8.5 mm. By using column chromatography based on silica gel as the stationary phase and ethyl acetate : acetic acid : formic acid : water in the ratio of 10 : 1 : 1 : 2.6 as the mobile phases, the component of chemicals in the n-butanol extract were separated into 5 mixed fractions (FA, FB , FC, FD, FE). Only relatively pure fractions A ","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85768846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico Study of Phenolic Derivatives Compounds from Olive Plants (Olea europaea L.) as HER2 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer","authors":"L. Pangestu, W. Oktavelia, F. Ardiansyah, A. Khalilah, E. Novianti, S. Hidayat, T. N. Apriliya, Muchtaridi .","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p08","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000      Sebesar 11,7% dari 19,3 juta kasus kanker yang terjadi pada tahun 2020 merupakan kasus kanker payudara. Kanker ini umumnya disebabkan karena ekspresi berlebih dari protein HER-2 yang berperan dalam proliferasi dan pertumbuhan sel. Salah satu tipe kanker payudara, Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), menyumbang 10-20% dari semua kasus kanker payudara. Sebagai obat kanker payudara, lapatinib, telah digunakan untuk pasien kanker payudara positif-HER2. Namun, telah diketahui bahwa obat tersebut dapat meningkatkan metastasis sel TNBC. Maka, diperlukan pencarian senyawa baru yang dapat lebih efektif dan aman untuk pengobatan kanker payudara, seperti senyawa yang terkandung dalam extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) dari tanaman zaitun yang mampu menginhibisi aktivitas tirosin kinase dari protein HER-2. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui interaksi molekuler dan profil farmakokinetik senyawa turunan fenolat dari kandungan EVOO. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggungakan metode Studi In silico dilakukan dengan simulasi penambatan molekuler, memprediksi profil farmakokinetik dan toksisitas senyawa, serta drug-likeness yang mengacu pada Lipinski’s Rule of Five. Senyawa 1-Acetoxypinoresinol merupakan senyawa terbaik berdasarkan hasil penambatan molekuler dan profil farmakokinetiknya dengan free binding energy sebesar -4,74 kcal/mol, konstanta inhibisi 335,19 µm, dan terdapat interaksi dengan residu asam amino Asn237. Adapun Nilai HIA dan caco-2 sebesar 93,96% dan 27,75%, nilai PPB dan BBB sebesar 77,58% dan 0,026%, serta tidak bersifat mutagenik dan karsinogenik. Hasil yang didapatkan menyatakan bahwa Senyawa 1-Acetoxypinoresinol memiliki potensi sebagai inhibitor HER2 yang paling baik diantara senyawa lainnya yang terdapat dalam kandungan EVOO. \u0000Kata kunci:   Extra virgin olive oil, HER-2, in silico, Kanker Payudara \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000About 11.7% of the 19.3 million cancer cases in 2020 were breast cancer. This cancer is generally caused by overexpression of the HER-2 protein that plays a role in cell proliferation and growth. One type of breast cancer, Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), accounts for 10-20% of all breast cancer cases. Lapatinib is one of a drug that has been used for HER2-positive breast cancer patients. However, it's known that the drug can promote TNBC cell metastasis. Thus, it is necessary to search for more effective and safer compounds, such as compounds contained in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) from olive plants for breast cancer treatment that can inhibit the activity of tyrosine kinase from the HER-2 protein. The purpose was to determine molecular interactions and pharmacokinetic profiles of phenolic derivatives from EVOO. The method used in this study was In silico study method carried out by simulating molecular docking, predicting the pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles of compounds, as well as drug-likeness that refers to Lipinski's Rule of Five. Compound 1-Acetoxypinoresinol is the best compound ba","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82458020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI BENTONIT-ZnO SERTA PEMANFAATANNYA DALAM DEGRADASI LIMBAH INDUSTRI PENCELUPAN","authors":"I. E. Suprihatin, N. Dewi, I. W. Suarsa","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p10","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000  \u0000Limbah yang dihasilkan dari industri tekstil berupa limbah cair yang keruh, berwarna dan sulit dihilangkan sehingga dapat mengganggu ekosistem perairan. Limbah hasil pencelupan dapat mencemari lingkungan karena menggunakan zat warna azo yang sulit untuk didegradasi. Salah satu metode yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk mengatasi ini adalah fotodegradasi. Dalam artikel ini dilaporkan sintesis fotokatalis bentonite-ZnO dan aplikasinya dalam fotodegradasi zat warna dalam limbah pencelupan. Karakterisasi fotokatalis dilakukan dengan melihat kristalinitas kompositnya menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), luas permukaannya dengan metode methylene blue serta penentuan efektivitas degradasi dengan dan tanpa sinar. Difraktogram yang dihasilkan menunjukkan beberapa puncak dengan intensitas tinggi: pada 2? = 20,51° (d=4,32Å) yang menunjukkan adanya mineral kuarsa sedangkan pada 2? = 26,28° (d=3,39Å) mengindikasikan illit. Puncak khas dari ZnO ditunjukkan pada pola difraksi 2? = 36,18° (d=2,46Å) dan 2? = 59,64° (d=1,54Å).  Luas permukaan bentonit dan bentonit-ZnO berturut-turut 183,0665 dan 180,2460 m2/g. Kondisi optimum yang diperoleh dalam mendegradasi zat warna limbah industri pencelupan yaitu massa 100 mg pada pH 2 dan waktu irradiasi atau pengadukan dalam gelap selama 45 menit. Degradasi dengan sinar lebih efektif (95,66 ± 0,16%) dibandingkan tanpa sinar (73,28 ± 0,55%) yang menunjukkan peran komposit bentonite-ZnO sebagai fotokatalis. \u0000  \u0000Kata kunci:   Bentonit-ZnO, Fotodegradasi, Limbah Industri Pencelupan  \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000  \u0000Liquid waste generated by the textile industry is typically murky, intensely coloured, and hard to treat. As a consequence, it can pollute the aquatic ecosystem. One potential method to overcome this problem is photodegradation to break the dye molecules down. In this paper the synthesis of bentonite-ZnO composite and its application as a photocatalyst are reported. The composite was prepared by sonicating a mixture of zinc acetate and bentonite. The characterization of the composite was conducted using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and methylene blue method to determine its surface area,  and its degradation capacity as photocatalyst to degrade the dye waste. The diffractogram reveals several peaks with high intensity, i.e. at 2? = 20,51° (d = 4,32Å) indicating mineral quartz, and at 2? = 26,28° (d = 3,39Å) showing Illite. The identifying peaks of the ZnO are in the diffraction pattern of 2? of 36,18° (d = 2,46Å) and 59,64° (d = 1,54Å). The surface area of the bentonite and bentonite-ZnO are 183,0665 and 180,260 m2/g respectively. The optimum conditions obtained for the dye degradation are 100 mg photocatalyst at pH 2 and irradiation time of 45 minutes. Degradation under UV light is more effective with a degradation percentage of 95,66 ± 0,16% than that in the dark, which is 73,28 ± 0,55%. This shows that the composite plays its role as a photocatalyst for the degradation. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: Bentonite-ZnO, Dyeing Industrial Waste, Phot","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91118686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of SRF Fertilizer using a Mixture of Urea and Bentonite Clays","authors":"K. Pangestu, P. Suarya, I. A. G. Widihati","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p01","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000Penggunaan pupuk nitrogen secara berlebihan mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan serta merusak kondisi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat pupuk slow release fertilizer (SRF) mengunakan formula campuran lempung bentonit dengan urea. Sintesis pupuk SRF mengunakan metode pencampuran padat-cair dengan mengelusikan senyawa urea ke dalam 20 g lempung bentonit dengan variasi massa urea sebesar 10, 20, 30, 40, dan 50 g. Karakterisasi terhadap hasil sintesis pupuk SRF dilakukan dengan FTIR dan metode Kjeldahl. Spektra FTIR menunjukkan adanya vibrasi dari gugus fungsi N-H, C=O, dan C-N yang menjadi penyusun pupuk urea pada bilangan gelombang 3506.59, 1691.57, dan 1176.58. Kadar nitrogen yang terkandung dalam pupuk SRF di analisis dengan metode Kjeldhal dan didapatkan kadar nitrogen tertinggi sebesar 13.35 g/100g, dengan komposisi lempung bentonit 20 g dan 50 g pupuk urea. \u0000Kata kunci: lempung bentonit, slow release fertilizer, urea. \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers causes environmental pollution and damages soil conditions. This research aimed to synthesis a slow release fertilizer (SRF) using a mixture of bentonite clay with urea. The synthesis of SRF using the solid –liquid method was carried out by eluting the urea fertilizer in the 20 g of bentonite clay with various masses of urea of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g. The characterization of the SRF was done by FTIR and Kjeldhal methods. The FTIR spectra showed the presence of vibration of N-H, C=O, and C-N functional groups, which indicated the urea constituents, at the wave number of 3506.59, 1691.57, and 1176.58 cm-1. The nitrogen content in the SRF analyzed by the Kjeldhal method resulted in the highest value of 13.35 g/100g prepared with a composition of 20 g of bentonite clay and 50 g of urea fertilizer. \u0000Keywords: bentonite clay, slow release fertilizer, urea.","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77460668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF TEMPERATURE OF Urine SAMPLE STORAGE FOR THE ANALYSIS OF METAMFETAMIN CONTENT AND ITS METABOLITS WITH GC-MS","authors":"I. Mahmudi, N. M. Suaniti, N. P. Diantariani","doi":"10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2023.v17.i01.p04","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \u0000  \u0000Suhu penyimpanan sangat mempengaruhi hasil analisis sampel metamfetamin menggunakan kromatografi gas dan spektroskopi massa. Optimasi suhu penyimpanan terhadap analisis metamfetamin serta metabolitnya dengan kromatografi gas dan spektroskopi massa telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membandingkan hasil pembacaan dan kadar senyawa metamfetamin pada sampel urin yang berbeda. Sampel urin normal, sampel urin normal yang ditambahkan sabu-sabu, dan sampel urin pengguna masing-masing dikumpulkan sebanyak 60 mL. Hasil uji pendahuluan menunjukkan sampel urin normal negatif MA, sampel urin normal yang ditambahkan sabu-sabu dan sampel urin pengguna sabu-sabu positif MA, kemudian masing-masing sampel dibagi tiga kelompok untuk analisis langsung dan disimpan dalam suhu 4 dan 25oC selama 14 hari. Hasil analisis dengan kromatogarfi gas, pada kromatogram sampel urin normal tidak terdeteksi adanya serapan senyawa MA maupun metabolitnya hanya muncul serapan seperti 9-octadecenamide, hexadecanamide, dodecanamide, dan tetradecanamide yang merupakan puncak serapan dari lemak essensial. Sementara pada kromatogram sampel urin normal yang ditambahkan sabu-sabu dan sampel urin pengguna muncul puncak senyawa MA pada Rt 5,27-5,28 tetapi metabolit MA yaitu amfetamin hanya muncul pada kromatogram sampel urin pengguna yaitu pada Rt 5,07-5,08. Data hasil analisis kromatografi gas didukung oleh data pecahan m/z 44, 58, 91, dan 134 yang merupakan pecahan khas senyawa MA dan m/z 44, 65, 91, dan 120 yang menunjukkan pecahan khas amfetamin. Suhu 4oC merupakan suhu optimum dalam penyimpanan sampel urin pengguna sabu-sabu area tidak terjadi penurunan kadar MA yang signifikan. \u0000  \u0000Kata kunci: Amfetamin, gas kromatografi, metamfetamin, sampel urin,  spektroskopi massa. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000ABSTRACT \u0000  \u0000The storage temperature of the methamphetamine samples has significantly influenced the analysis results of the samples using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Optimization of the storage temperature for analysis of the methamphetamine and its metabolites by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy has been done aiming to compare the level of methamphetamine compound in different urine samples. Normal urine samples, normal urine samples added with methamphetamine, and urine samples of the methamphetamine users were each collected as much as 60 mL. The result of the methamphetamine-screening test showed that the normal urine samples were negative but the normal urine samples added with methamphetamine and urine samples of the methamphetamine users were positive. Each sample was then divided into three groups for direct analysis and stored at 4 and 25 oC for 14 days. The methamphetamine analysis using gas chromatography showed that the chromatogram of the normal urine samples did not show any absorption of methamphetamine or its metabolites. Still, the absorption of 9-octadecenamide, hexadecanamide, dodecanamide, and tetradecanamide was detected, which were the absorption peaks of es","PeriodicalId":17780,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81595416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}