21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE最新文献

{"title":"The influence of the metal-support interaction on the catalytic activity of Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/TiO2 in NH3 oxidation","authors":"D. Svintsitskiy, Lidiya S. Kibis, A. Stadnichenko, E. Slavinskaya, A. S. Zaguzin, A. V. Romanenko, E. Derevyannikova, O. Stonkus, A. Boronin","doi":"10.1063/1.5122927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122927","url":null,"abstract":"In the current work the activity of Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/TiO2 catalysts in the reaction of NH3 oxidation was studied depending on the calcination temperature. A combination of XRD, TEM, XPS and TPR methods was applied in order to analyze the influence of the interaction between active component and support on the catalytic properties of the samples. Catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation using the Pt(NO3)4 solution with calcination at 400, 600 and 800°C. A highly dispersed Pt0 particles with the average particles size ∼1 nm were observed after calcination at 400°C for both Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/TiO2 samples. However, Pt/TiO2 catalyst showed better catalytic characteristics at the low-temperature range with the temperature of 50% NH3 conversion (T50) about 175°C. The calcination of the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst at T>400°C improved the low-temperature activity due to the formation of large Pt0 particles. The T50 value did not vary significantly for Pt/TiO2 samples calcined at different temperatures. Based on XPS, XRD and TPR-H2 data the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) was shown for Pt/TiO2 catalysts. SMSI resulted in the stabilization of platinum in a highly dispersed state even after high temperature calcination. Pt/Al2O3 sample calcined at 800°C had the highest specific catalytic rate of NH3 oxidation. The high activity of the catalyst is likely due to the presence of Pt0 particles with optimal size distribution.In the current work the activity of Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/TiO2 catalysts in the reaction of NH3 oxidation was studied depending on the calcination temperature. A combination of XRD, TEM, XPS and TPR methods was applied in order to analyze the influence of the interaction between active component and support on the catalytic properties of the samples. Catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation using the Pt(NO3)4 solution with calcination at 400, 600 and 800°C. A highly dispersed Pt0 particles with the average particles size ∼1 nm were observed after calcination at 400°C for both Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/TiO2 samples. However, Pt/TiO2 catalyst showed better catalytic characteristics at the low-temperature range with the temperature of 50% NH3 conversion (T50) about 175°C. The calcination of the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst at T>400°C improved the low-temperature activity due to the formation of large Pt0 particles. The T50 value did not vary significantly for Pt/TiO2 samples calcined at different temperatures. Based o...","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131453165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activated Al-M (M = Fe, Co, Ni) alloys: Features of formation, structure and use in the catalytic metal chloride Al(M)/Cl complexes synthesis for low-temperature conversion of hydrocarbons","authors":"V. Drozdov, A. B. Arbuzov, M. Trenikhin, N. N. Leont’eva, I. V. Muromtsev, A. Babenko, R. R. Izmailov, A. Lavrenov","doi":"10.1063/1.5122906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122906","url":null,"abstract":"Some Al / M alloys (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) with different element ratios and phase composition were activated with a liquid Ga / In eutectic at 150 ° C in a vacuum glass reactor for about 2 hours. This method of activation of binary aluminum alloys is very important in catalysis due to the increased reactivity of aluminum and these alloys with respect to chlorine-containing compounds. The corresponding interactions lead to the formation of metal-aluminum chloride complexes, which are active in many practically important low-temperature reactions of hydrocarbons.Some Al / M alloys (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) with different element ratios and phase composition were activated with a liquid Ga / In eutectic at 150 ° C in a vacuum glass reactor for about 2 hours. This method of activation of binary aluminum alloys is very important in catalysis due to the increased reactivity of aluminum and these alloys with respect to chlorine-containing compounds. The corresponding interactions lead to the formation of metal-aluminum chloride complexes, which are active in many practically important low-temperature reactions of hydrocarbons.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127224636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloropolymer precursor utilization for the nanostructured Co-containing carbon layers formation on silicon substrate","authors":"O. V. Krivozubov, Yu. G. Kryazhev, I. V. Anikeeva, N. A. Davletkil’deev, D. Sokolov, O. N. Semenova","doi":"10.1063/1.5122915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122915","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of nanostructured Co-containing carbon layers formation by means of the approach based on polyvinyl chloride alkaline dehydrochlorination in dimethyl sulfoxide in the presence of Co-nitrate is shown. From the mentioned reaction mixture, the layers of the carbon polymer precursor – polyvinylene formed during dehydrochlorination were deposited on the silicon wafer by spin coating. The obtained layers heat treatment up to 400 °C results in the formation of Co-carbon nanostructured continuous layers which structure is studied by the atomic force microscopy.The possibility of nanostructured Co-containing carbon layers formation by means of the approach based on polyvinyl chloride alkaline dehydrochlorination in dimethyl sulfoxide in the presence of Co-nitrate is shown. From the mentioned reaction mixture, the layers of the carbon polymer precursor – polyvinylene formed during dehydrochlorination were deposited on the silicon wafer by spin coating. The obtained layers heat treatment up to 400 °C results in the formation of Co-carbon nanostructured continuous layers which structure is studied by the atomic force microscopy.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127118682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of process and catalysts for reforming of gasoline fractions: State of the art and prospects","authors":"A. Belyi","doi":"10.1063/1.5122901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122901","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the results of fundamental and applied research on the development of scientific principles for the design of technologies for the production and operation of the naphtha-reforming catalysts made in the laboratory of the motor fuels synthesis over the past 20 years. The main result is the determination of an important role of the nonmetallic states of platinum (Ptσ) in adsorption and catalysis. The main principles of the development of highly efficient catalysts and technologies for their manufacture are formulated. Data on the industrial applications of new reforming catalysts at 14 commercial reforming plants under conditions of reforming gasoline production with research octane numbers of 98–100 are given. The applicability of new catalysts to the combined conversion of C3–C4 and C5+ alkane mixtures into high-octane motor fuel components is demonstrated. The results of the development of three modifications of a new technology for the manufacture of environmentally safe high-octane gasoline with the selectivity of formation of the target product close to 100% are presented.The article summarizes the results of fundamental and applied research on the development of scientific principles for the design of technologies for the production and operation of the naphtha-reforming catalysts made in the laboratory of the motor fuels synthesis over the past 20 years. The main result is the determination of an important role of the nonmetallic states of platinum (Ptσ) in adsorption and catalysis. The main principles of the development of highly efficient catalysts and technologies for their manufacture are formulated. Data on the industrial applications of new reforming catalysts at 14 commercial reforming plants under conditions of reforming gasoline production with research octane numbers of 98–100 are given. The applicability of new catalysts to the combined conversion of C3–C4 and C5+ alkane mixtures into high-octane motor fuel components is demonstrated. The results of the development of three modifications of a new technology for the manufacture of environmentally safe high-octa...","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130747620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on isomerization of the gasoline fraction of C7 hydrocarbons on the Pt/WO3/ZrO2 catalyst","authors":"D. I. Kir’yanov, M. Smolikov, V. Shkurenok, E. A. Belopukhov, S. S. Yablokova, P. E. Bunina, I. M. Kalashnikov, A. Belyi","doi":"10.1063/1.5122937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122937","url":null,"abstract":"Isomerization of n-heptane and its mixture with methylcyclohexane (MCH) taken in a ratio of 2/1, 1/1 and 1/2 on the Pt/WO3/ZrO2 catalyst was studied. It was found that octane number of the catalyzate increases with the MCH content in the initial feed over the temperature range of 170-270 °C. The isomerization selectivity of n-heptane and the yield of isomers do not depend on the composition of the initial feed. The yield of C5+ catalyzate with a fixed octane number also increases with the MCH content in the feed.Isomerization of n-heptane and its mixture with methylcyclohexane (MCH) taken in a ratio of 2/1, 1/1 and 1/2 on the Pt/WO3/ZrO2 catalyst was studied. It was found that octane number of the catalyzate increases with the MCH content in the initial feed over the temperature range of 170-270 °C. The isomerization selectivity of n-heptane and the yield of isomers do not depend on the composition of the initial feed. The yield of C5+ catalyzate with a fixed octane number also increases with the MCH content in the feed.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128909001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compounding of winter and arctic diesel fuels: Calculated and experimental data","authors":"I. Lobov, E. A. Belopukhov","doi":"10.1063/1.5122949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122949","url":null,"abstract":"Diesel fuel is the product obtained by hydrotreatment of diesel fractions; it is among the most popular types of motor fuel for surface and water transport. In comparison with gasoline engines, diesel engines are more economical, fire-safe, stable and environmentally friendly. However, their serious drawback is difficult operation at low temperatures. Variants of winter and arctic diesel fuels compounding are considered. It was found that ≤14 % is the admissible amount of summer diesel fraction that can be mixed with winter diesel fraction to decrease the quality margin. The formulation of arctic diesel fuel containing winter diesel fraction, kerosene fraction (no more than 30 %) and pour point depressant- dispersant additive (250-550 ppm) was also obtained.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124240435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palladium hydrogenation catalysts prepared using porous carbon materials derived from poly(vinyl chloride)","authors":"R. Mironenko, O. Belskaya, Yu. G. Kryazhev, T. Gulyaeva, V. Likholobov","doi":"10.1063/1.5122904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122904","url":null,"abstract":"The applicability of porous carbon materials obtained by the dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) as supports for palladium hydrogenation catalysts was demonstrated. The efficiency of the catalysts was evaluated in the liquid-phase hydrogenations of styrene, nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, and acetophenone. The complete conversion of the substrates with selective formation of target products was achieved under mild reaction conditions and at low Pd content in the catalysts (1.5 wt%).The applicability of porous carbon materials obtained by the dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) as supports for palladium hydrogenation catalysts was demonstrated. The efficiency of the catalysts was evaluated in the liquid-phase hydrogenations of styrene, nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, and acetophenone. The complete conversion of the substrates with selective formation of target products was achieved under mild reaction conditions and at low Pd content in the catalysts (1.5 wt%).","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128648273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on stability of the Pt/Al2O3–BEA catalyst in hydroisomerization of the n-heptane/benzene mixture","authors":"I. M. Kalashnikov, E. A. Belopukhov, T. Gulyaeva, M. Smolikov, D. I. Kir’yanov, A. Belyi","doi":"10.1063/1.5122926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122926","url":null,"abstract":"Stability of the Pt/Al2O3-BEA catalyst in hydroisomerization of the model heptane/benzene mixture was studied. It was shown that the investigated system is highly stable and does not deactivate for 53 hours of operation, retaining its acidic characteristics and pore structure.Stability of the Pt/Al2O3-BEA catalyst in hydroisomerization of the model heptane/benzene mixture was studied. It was shown that the investigated system is highly stable and does not deactivate for 53 hours of operation, retaining its acidic characteristics and pore structure.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122568371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Havea brasiliensis (rubber seed) oil for\u0000 development of a biodegradable lubricant","authors":"P. Aniyan, Nithin V. Edasserry, Reuben John Eype, A. Aravind","doi":"10.1063/1.5120222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5120222","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce the effect of environmental degradation due to the use of mineral oils and fossil fuels, a substituent bio-oil is used. Here we use non edible plant oil as a replacement for the mineral oil, which averts any fuel-food crisis. Physical properties of the oil was determined first hand. The present study deals with the thermal and rheological properties of Rubber Seed Oil (RSO). Rheological property being one of the important factor of a lubricant, the density and viscosity of the oil was determined first hand. Thermogravimetric analysis was done and the results show that RSO was stable up to 250°C. Additives including Polypropylene (PP) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were added in different percentages by weight for improving the Rheological properties.The original version of this article supplied to AIP Publishing excluded the acknowledgement section. The missing acknowledgment can be found below: “This research was supported by CERD under the funding scheme KTU/RESEARCH 3/1430/2016. The authors would also like to extend profound gratitude to STIC, CUSAT, CEPC-kollam, NITC for the help in carrying out the experiments.”","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134490844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalysts for joint C6 and C16 - Hydrocarbons catalytic cracking","authors":"K. S. Plekhova, E. V. Gaifullina, D. B. Gilyazutdinov, E. O. Altynkovich, O. Potapenko, T. P. Sorokina, V. Doronin","doi":"10.1063/1.5122920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"331 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132692115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}