21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE最新文献

{"title":"Influence of the physicochemical properties of carbon black of different grades on moisture absorption","authors":"L. P’yanova, N. Kornienko, S. Astashina","doi":"10.1063/1.5122939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122939","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorption of water vapor on carbon black grades N115, N220, N326 and N550 was investigated at a relative humidity of 10 to 90% by a desiccator method. The necessary moisture in the desiccator was created with a solution of sulfuric acid of a certain concentration. The physicochemical properties of carbon black are investigated: specific surface area, pore volume, average pore size, elemental composition, structure and content of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface. The influence of the physicochemical properties of carbon black of various grades on their moisture absorption is established.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130139765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption-catalytic properties of Ag-modified ZSM-23","authors":"V. Temerev, A. Vedyagin, K. N. Iost, L. Pirutko, S. Cherepanova, M. Trenikhin, T. Gulyaeva, G. G. Savel’eva, A. Popov, P. Plyusnin, Y. Shubin, D. A. Shlyapin","doi":"10.1063/1.5122925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122925","url":null,"abstract":"In the present research, the adsorption-desorption properties of the ZSM-23 zeolite (SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 100) with respect to toluene used as a model adsorbate were examined. Both the pristine and Ag-modified samples were studied using specially designed installation and technique allowing quantitative determination of the weakly and strongly bounded toluene species, which desorb within the ranges of 100-200 and 200-400 °C, respectively. Thermal stability of the samples along with the catalytic activity in oxidation of CO and hydrocarbons was investigated in a prompt thermal aging regime. It was found that toluene adsorbs predominantly on the outer surface of the zeolite, and the contribution of its inner porous structure into the adsorption process is negligible. Modification of the zeolite with silver was shown to improve the adsorption properties noticeably. Thus, the amount of strongly bounded toluene is increased by 1.8 times. At the same time, introduction of silver has a drawback connected with destruction of the zeolite structure. Moreover, after the prompt thermal aging the silver particles were mainly found to be agglomerated and coated by silica released from the zeolite lattice. Additionally, the part of silver species was found on alumina used a binder, thus testifying towards silver migration from one oxide support to another.In the present research, the adsorption-desorption properties of the ZSM-23 zeolite (SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 100) with respect to toluene used as a model adsorbate were examined. Both the pristine and Ag-modified samples were studied using specially designed installation and technique allowing quantitative determination of the weakly and strongly bounded toluene species, which desorb within the ranges of 100-200 and 200-400 °C, respectively. Thermal stability of the samples along with the catalytic activity in oxidation of CO and hydrocarbons was investigated in a prompt thermal aging regime. It was found that toluene adsorbs predominantly on the outer surface of the zeolite, and the contribution of its inner porous structure into the adsorption process is negligible. Modification of the zeolite with silver was shown to improve the adsorption properties noticeably. Thus, the amount of strongly bounded toluene is increased by 1.8 times. At the same time, introduction of silver has a drawback connected with des...","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130712268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the effects produced by modification of supported SO4/ZrO2 catalysts with Sn, Fe and Mn additives in isomerization of n-hexane","authors":"L. I. Bikmetova, K. V. Kazantsev, E. Zatolokina, D. I. Kir’yanov, M. Smolikov, A. Belyi","doi":"10.1063/1.5122933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122933","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the modifying effect of tin, iron and manganese, which are introduced at different stages of the synthesis, on the reaction of n-hexane isomerization in the presence of supported Pt/SZ/Al2O3 catalysts. The addition of a modifier was shown to affect the catalytic performance in isomerization reaction. The activity of modified catalysts increases due to redistribution of Broensted and Lewis acid sites with the preferential increase in the LAS content. The deposition of iron and manganese on alumina or the introduction of tin, iron and manganese in aluminum hydroxide increases the yield of the sum of hexane isomers to 80-85 wt.%, and the yield of the sum of dimethylsubstituted isomers to 28-33 wt.%.The paper deals with the modifying effect of tin, iron and manganese, which are introduced at different stages of the synthesis, on the reaction of n-hexane isomerization in the presence of supported Pt/SZ/Al2O3 catalysts. The addition of a modifier was shown to affect the catalytic performance in isomerization reaction. The activity of modified catalysts increases due to redistribution of Broensted and Lewis acid sites with the preferential increase in the LAS content. The deposition of iron and manganese on alumina or the introduction of tin, iron and manganese in aluminum hydroxide increases the yield of the sum of hexane isomers to 80-85 wt.%, and the yield of the sum of dimethylsubstituted isomers to 28-33 wt.%.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131085358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface: 21st Century: Chemistry to Life","authors":"V. LavrenovAleksandr","doi":"10.1063/1.5122899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131185019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanostructure analysis of the graphene layers of carbon black","authors":"M. Trenikhin, V. Drozdov","doi":"10.1063/1.5122909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122909","url":null,"abstract":"The information on the average distance between graphene layers, the length and curvature of layers in globules of highly dispersed carbon black was obtained. The globular turbostratic carbon material was irradiated with laser pulses. Carbon nanocapsules are formed during laser irradiation with a power density 1011 W/cm2. The irradiation of the initial highly dispersed carbon black globules reduces the interplanar spacing of the graphene layers from 0.39 nm to 0.35 nm in the formed nanocapsules.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"27 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114121117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of PdO-Re2O7/SO42-/ZrO2-Al2O3 catalyst for direct synthesis of propylene from ethylene","authors":"L. F. Sayfulina, E. A. Buluchevskiy, A. Lavrenov, A. Arbuzov, T. R. Karpova","doi":"10.1063/1.5122910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122910","url":null,"abstract":"During tests of palladium-rhenium catalysts based on sulfated zirconia in the process of direct synthesis of propylene from ethylene, it was found out that modifying the support with γ-Al2O3 increases significantly the stability of the system. Multi-cycle tests showed that systems with alumina content of 20 and 40 wt. % maintain its activity during a few tens of hours at the level of 50-80 %. The propylene yield from cycle to cycle remains practically unchanged (28-35 wt. %). According to UV spectroscopy and GLC with MSD, changes in the palladium and rhenium valence state don’t occur during the catalysts operation. The catalyst deactivation is caused by the C8+ oligomers deposit on its surface resulting from secondary processes of butenes oligomerization on the catalyst acid sites and C6+ hydrocarbons metathesis.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"2 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114150796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethane pyrolysis on Al2O3, ZrO2, SiO2 oxides supported on fechral under conditions of resistive heating","authors":"S. S. Sigaeva, E. Anoshkina, A. R. Osipov, V. Temerev, D. A. Shlyapin, A. Lavrenov","doi":"10.1063/1.5122948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122948","url":null,"abstract":"The conversion of ethane on Al2O3, ZrO2, SiO2 oxides supported on fechral carrier under conditions of its resistive heating was investigated. A cold gas mixture consisting of ethane and nitrogen was fed to a spiral heated by an electric current to 900-1100 °C. It was shown that the ethane pyrolysis proceeds with the predominant formation of ethylene in the range of 650–950 °C. At higher temperatures, the yield of methane and carbon by-products increases significantly. The selectivity and yield of ethylene are affected by the nature of the carbon deposited.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114816668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolytic graphene layers and their orient structure in modified particles of carbon black reflected by XRD and Raman spectroscopy","authors":"A. G. Shaitanov, Y. Surovikin, A. V. Syrieva, A. B. Arbuzov","doi":"10.1063/1.5122919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122919","url":null,"abstract":"The behavior of the RS and XRD characteristics was studied experimentally on the example of a low-ordered nanocarbon material with controlled changes in the parameters of simplified actions or their combinations. The results of research are necessary when studying the nanostructures of such materials in order to optimize them in the development of electrode masses for modern autonomous systems for the production and storage of energy. We used varieties of actions that are similar to technological operations in obtaining carbon black in an industrial reactor. Impacts reduced defectiveness, increased orderliness, changed the orientation of nanographene sheets in the stacking.The behavior of the RS and XRD characteristics was studied experimentally on the example of a low-ordered nanocarbon material with controlled changes in the parameters of simplified actions or their combinations. The results of research are necessary when studying the nanostructures of such materials in order to optimize them in the development of electrode masses for modern autonomous systems for the production and storage of energy. We used varieties of actions that are similar to technological operations in obtaining carbon black in an industrial reactor. Impacts reduced defectiveness, increased orderliness, changed the orientation of nanographene sheets in the stacking.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129782308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additives for reducing CO and NOx oxides in gases of the FCC catalyst regeneration","authors":"K. I. Dmitriev, O. Potapenko, T. V. Bobkova, T. P. Sorokina, V. Doronin","doi":"10.1063/1.5122917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122917","url":null,"abstract":"Additives have been synthesized and tested to reduce the content of CO and NOx oxides in the gases of regeneration of FCC without the use of noble metals. The following can be used as additives to reduce CO: mixed oxides based on copper, cerium, magnesium and aluminum. According to the efficiency (89.7-95.5%) of the reduction in the CO content, mixed oxides based on copper and cerium are comparable with the additive based on platinum KO-10 (96.8%). All additives to reduce CO lead to an increase in the formation of NOx oxides. Additives based on mixed oxides (47.0%) are less conducive to this compared to platinum based additives (71.0%). Zeolite ZSM-5 modified with copper and iron can be used as an additive with the function of joint reduction of CO and NOx oxides. The effectiveness of reducing CO is close to 100%, and for NOx oxides it is 45.9%.Additives have been synthesized and tested to reduce the content of CO and NOx oxides in the gases of regeneration of FCC without the use of noble metals. The following can be used as additives to reduce CO: mixed oxides based on copper, cerium, magnesium and aluminum. According to the efficiency (89.7-95.5%) of the reduction in the CO content, mixed oxides based on copper and cerium are comparable with the additive based on platinum KO-10 (96.8%). All additives to reduce CO lead to an increase in the formation of NOx oxides. Additives based on mixed oxides (47.0%) are less conducive to this compared to platinum based additives (71.0%). Zeolite ZSM-5 modified with copper and iron can be used as an additive with the function of joint reduction of CO and NOx oxides. The effectiveness of reducing CO is close to 100%, and for NOx oxides it is 45.9%.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133905680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New directions in the synthesis of functional nanocomposites based on carbon black","authors":"Y. Surovikin","doi":"10.1063/1.5122902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122902","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of functional nanocomposites based on carbon black is a promising approach to the development of advanced materials for various purposes. Carbon black and pyrolytic carbon were used to create a new class of carbon materials: Technosorb, Sibunit, Carbostil, and medicinal carbons VNIITU 1 and 2, which show high performance and are successfully applied in catalysis, sorption, medicine and metallurgy. The unique technology for the production of such materials, which has no analogs in the world, has been developed. The main principles for the design of nanocomposites make it possible to develop special highly porous carbon materials with the properties optimized for a new generation of electrochemical systems intended for electric energy generation and storage – from batteries and fuel cells to supercapacitors and metal-ion accumulators.Synthesis of functional nanocomposites based on carbon black is a promising approach to the development of advanced materials for various purposes. Carbon black and pyrolytic carbon were used to create a new class of carbon materials: Technosorb, Sibunit, Carbostil, and medicinal carbons VNIITU 1 and 2, which show high performance and are successfully applied in catalysis, sorption, medicine and metallurgy. The unique technology for the production of such materials, which has no analogs in the world, has been developed. The main principles for the design of nanocomposites make it possible to develop special highly porous carbon materials with the properties optimized for a new generation of electrochemical systems intended for electric energy generation and storage – from batteries and fuel cells to supercapacitors and metal-ion accumulators.","PeriodicalId":177536,"journal":{"name":"21ST CENTURY: CHEMISTRY TO LIFE","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128501869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}