June 1最新文献

{"title":"Genotype × environment interaction in rice using measures of stability from AMMI model","authors":"N. Jambhulkar, S. Sahoo, L. K. Bose","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The present research was conducted to study the stability analysis and comparison between different stability measures from AMMI model in nine rice genotypes. The experiment was conducted in rabi/dry season during 2010-11 in randomized complete block design with three replications at experimental farm of NRRI research station. Eleven stability measures of AMMI model have been used in this study. Spearman's rank correlation was used to measure the relationship between measures of stability from AMMI model. Genotypic and environment effects are significant at 1% whereas their GE interaction is significant at 5%. WITA12 genotype was found to be the most stable while Lalat was found to be the least stable using seven models AMMI Stability Index, AMMI based stability parameter, Sum Across Environments of Absolute Value of GEI Model, Annicchiarico's D Parameter values, Stability Measure based on Fitted AMMI Model, Modified AMMI Stability Index and Absolute Value of the Relative Contribution of IPCs to the Interaction. Annada was most stable and Naveen was least stable using three models Zhang's D Parameter value, Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values and Simultaneous Selection Index for Yield and Stability. IR64 was the most stable using Sums of the Absolute Value of the IPC Scores Model. Sums of the Absolute Value of the IPC Scores positively and significantly correlated with AMMI Stability Value, Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values, Modified AMMI Stability Value but not correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model. Modified AMMI Stability Value positive and significantly correlated with Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values while negatively correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model. Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values significantly and positively correlated with AMMI Stability Value but negatively correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84776980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice production in Telangana: growth, instability and decomposition analysis","authors":"Mounika Akula, Nirmala Bandumula, S. Rathod","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"One of the objectives of the study is to assess the growth of rice sector in Telangana and growth rate is the measurable indicator for assessing the growth. The present study was conducted to assess the growth rates and instability in the area, production, and yield of rice in Telangana. Also, the relative contribution of area and yield to change in output was estimated by decomposition analysis. The study is based on secondary data for a period of 30 years i.e., 1990-91 to 2019-20. The secondary data were obtained from various publications of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of India and Directorate of Rice Development, Patna. For this study, the whole period (1990-91 to 2019-20) is divided into three sub-periods to have a period-wise examination of growth and instability patterns of the area, production, and productivity of rice and the sub-periods were as follows: period I (1990-91 to 1999-2000), period II (2000-01 to 2009-10) and period III (2010-2011 to 2019-20), and overall period (1990-91 to 2019-20). Compound Growth Rates were used to calculate the growth rates. The instability in area, production, and yield was measured with Cuddy Della Valle Index and Coppock's Instability. The study revealed that the growth rates for Telangana in the overall period were positive for the area, production, and yield (2.1%, 3.7%, and 1.5% respectively). The Cuddy Della Valle Index for the overall period registered higher, medium, and low instability for production (35.1), area (26.4), and yield (7.6) respectively. Coppock's Instability indices revealed that the degree of instability for area and production was higher during period III in comparison to periods I and II. One of the major reasons for this could be the increased area under rice in period III, because of the assured irrigation due to the completion of many major and minor irrigation projects and revival of tanks under Mission Kakatiya in Telangana. The decomposition analysis for the overall period (1990-91 to 2019-20) revealed that the area effect was highly responsible for the production variability (46.1 percent) in Telangana. The area effect in enhancing rice production increased over some time. Since the scope to further increase the area under rice cultivation is limited, the focus should be on the improvement of the yield to meet the future demand for rice.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75224131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of drip irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and economics of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"B. R. Goud, G. Reddy, V. Chandrika, M. Naidu, P. Sudhakar, K. Reddy, G. Sagar","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Water supply to agriculture especially rice will be affected in the future because of climate change and increased demand of water for non-agricultural use. To sustain rice production, focus should be on water saving rice production systems such as aerobic rice, which may further reduce water requirement when combined with drip irrigation. Hence, a field experiment to study the influence of drip irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and economics of aerobic rice was conducted at Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, during the rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. Four main plot treatments consisting of irrigation regimes based on pan evaporation i.e., drip irrigation at 1.25 Epan, 1.50 Epan, 1.75 Epan, 2.00 Epan and four sub plot treatments comprising of four doses of nitrogen i.e., 75 % RDN (90 kg N ha-1), 100 % RDN (120 kg N ha-1), 125 % RDN (150 kg N ha-1) and 150 % RDN (180 kg N ha-1) were tested in split plot design replicated thrice. Significantly higher plant height, number of tillers, yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield and gross returns were recorded with drip irrigation regime of 2.0 Epan over other irrigation regimes, but was comparable with drip irrigation at 1.75 Epan. While, higher net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with drip irrigation regime of 1.75 Epan which was at par with 2.0 Epan and 1.5 Epan. Aerobic rice grown with 180 kg N ha-1 proved to be superior with respect to plant height, number of tillers m-2, panicle weight, grain yield, straw yield, gross returns and net returns which was however comparable with 150 kg N ha-1 in case of panicle number, filled grains per panicle, test weight and B:C ratio. Among the interaction combinations, drip irrigation regime of 2.0 Epan along with 180 kg N ha-1 resulted in superior plant height, tillers m-2, yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield, gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio which was statistically at par with drip irrigation regime of 1.75 Epan along with 180 kg N ha-1 except in case of tiller number.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76209568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of drought tolerant rice genotypes using physiological and biochemical traits","authors":"Sushma M. Awaji, P. Hanjagi, Shalem Raju Repudi, Upaly Sushree Suravi, M. Baig, P. Swain","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of seven rice genotypes using morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters, under induced drought (water stress) conditions at seedling level using PEG6000 in Hoagland's medium. At the end of the stress period sampling was done to record the root and shoot lengths and various physiological parameters viz., total chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content were estimated. Proline and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were also estimated as biochemical parameters. The results obtained from the study revealed the existence of significant variation in the seven genotypes studied for different physiological and biochemical parameters. Out of the seven genotypes studied, HT-18 (AC-34973) had performed better than the tolerant check CR-143-2-2 and showed better root and shoot growth, maintained higher total chlorophyll content (2.6 mg/gm FW), relative water content (61.3%) and membrane stability index (MSI) (52.9%), it has also shown higher proline content (20.52 ?moles/gm FW) and lesser MDA content (0.068) under stress. To assess the membrane integrity under osmotic stress, roots from all the genotypes grown in hydroponic culture with 20% PEG were stained with Evan's blue, where the stress effect is directly reflected on the intensity of Evans blue uptake by the cell. Because of more membrane damage, the roots of the susceptible genotype, IR-64, had taken up more stain than the roots of tolerant genotype HT-18. The present study has identified HT-18 as seedling level drought tolerant genotype.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85673445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of false smut of rice in different districts of West Bengal","authors":"S. Thapa, S. Mahapatra, D. Baral, A. Lama, Pravesh Shivakoty, Srikanta Das","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"False smut of rice which was considered a minor disease of rice is presently spreading in most of the rice growing areas of the world causing reduction in yield and quality of the produce. West Bengal is the largest producer with largest area under rice in India. No survey on severity of rice false smut disease in West Bengal has been conducted. Therefore, in attempt to get the idea of false smut disease situation in the state, a survey was conducted in 31 blocks from 8 different districts of West Bengal during the year 2017 from the end of October to first week of December. Number of infected tillers per m2 and number of smut balls per panicle was observed during the survey. False smut symptom was observed in all the plains of West Bengal whereas in hilly areas of the state was found to have no incidence of the disease. During the survey average number of infected tillers ranged from 2.00 to 14.60 numbers of infected tillers / m2. Similarly average number of smutted ball / panicle ranged from 1.21 to 5.32 number of spore ball per panicle.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72913523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DUS characterization of traditional varieties and advanced cultivars of rice using 29 essential characters","authors":"M. Akshay, B. Chandra, K. Devi, Y. Hari, P. Vamshi","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"For the establishment of the distinctness, forty-four genotypes of rice were characterized at different stages of crop growth using 29 agro-morphological traits following Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability test (DUS) during rabi, 2020-21 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Warangal. The rice genotypes under study recorded a wide range of variability for most of the essential traits studied. Out of 29 descriptors studied, two characteristics leaf auricles and leaf ligule shapewere found monomorphic, six were dimorphic, ten traitswere trimorphic, seven other characters resulted tetramorphic. The descriptors that registered maximum variation were decorticated grain: colour, decorticated grain: shape (in lateral view), panicle: attitude of branching, spikelet: colour of tip of lemma were found to be polymorphic in nature. This comprehensive characterization of rice genotypes is very important for rice breeding and will be beneficial for breeders, researchers and farmers from the stand point of selection and conservation of different landraces for further utilization in crop improvement programmes and also to seek protection under Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87785543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and yield of some promising Egyptian rice genotypes under foliar application of different stimulating compounds","authors":"A. A. Mohamed, S. Sorour, T. Metwally, G. Elsayed","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"The Effects of foliar application of different stimulating compounds on the growth and yield of three promising Egyptian rice genotypes were studied in a field experiments at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Egypt, during consecutive rice seasons 2018 and 2019. Three rice Egyptian genotypes (Sakha108, GZ9399, and GZ10154) were tested under different stimulating compounds like Ascobine (13% citric acid, 25% ascorbic acid plus 62% organic materials), humic acid (65% humic acid +10% K2O), Amino acid (27.38 % mixed amino acid + 9% micronutrients + 2% magnesium), vulvic acid (50% Vulvic acid + 20% organic acid), N:P:K::20:20:20 and potassium sulphate (50% K2O) The growth characteristics like number of tillers, chlorophyll content, leaf area and dry matter accumulation at 30 and 45 days after transplanting were determined . Number of panicles m-2, panicle length, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, grain yield and straw yield were studied at harvest. There were significant variations among the studied genotypes in terms of the studied characteristics like (chlorophyll content and grain yield). The foliar application of stimulating compounds significantly increased growth, yield and yield components of the studied rice genotypes. There were significant differences among the response of the studied genotypes to the application of the stimulating compounds. Application of amino acid to Sakha108 recorded the highest grain yield.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84339437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of grain yield and its component traits in drought tolerance rice","authors":"Pandurang Arsode, Ravi P. Singh, S.K. Singh, Manish Kumar, Namrata, M. Choudhary, Debarchana Jena, Vineeta Singh, D. Rout, B. Sahoo, Kalpatru Nanda, Prakash Singh, C. Mohan, R. Verma, V. Bhadana","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The facts pertaining to the inheritance of basic and value addition traits are prerequisite in designing much suited breeding strategies to harness substantial genetic gain in crop plants. The present study was aimed at comprehensive scrutiny of the quantitative traits, responding drought tolerance in rice through generation mean analysis (GMA). We have evaluated six generations ( P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) of cross, HUR-917 × DRR Dhan-42. The results revealed that all scales, A, B, C and D were significant for yield and attributing traits under irrigated and drought conditions, reflecting the presence of epistasis. Major yield contributing traits like days to 50% flowering (DFF), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), flag leaf length (FLL), number of grains per panicle (NGPP) and test weight (TW) showed the presence of duplicate epistasis under both conditions. Whereas, traits like the number of earbearing tillers (NEBT) and grain yield per plant (GYPP) shown duplicate epistasis under drought. The results suggest the prevalence of additive gene effect and non-allelic interactions/epistasis effect on the genetic control of majority of the yield traits. Additive (d) effect and dominant × dominant (l) gene interaction was the only significant portion of gene controlling grain yield per plant in the rice. The positive additive gene effect indicates that HUR-917 contributes more to the trait than DRR Dhan-42 and vice versa.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73206622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of pesticide combinations against brown planthopper and sheath blight in rice","authors":"Anand Kumar Advslp, N. M, B. V, S. N, A. B.","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, West Godavari (A.P.) during two kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the compatibility of combinations of insecticides and fungicides against brown planthopper and sheath blight in rice. The results revealed that pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim as sole treatments are highly effective against brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) by registering over 90% reduction in BPH population. While, pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim in combination with azoxystrobin and azoxystrobin + tebuconazole are highly effective against BPH and sheath blight, Rhizoctonia soloni Kuhn in by registering over 90% and >50% reduction in BPH population and sheath blight severity, respectively and registered 64.23% to 73.03% higher grain yields than untreated control. It was also found that there was no adverse effect of fungicides on the efficacy of insecticides or vice versa. The insecticides tested were physically compatible with fungicides and no phytotoxic symptoms observed on rice crop when pesticides were applied in combination. Thus, pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim are compatible with test fungicides and can be safely used as tank mix for the simultaneous management of BPH and sheath blightin rice.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75109074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive periodic evaluation of Oryza sativa germplasms for resistance against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola","authors":"J. Berliner, SS Pokhare, C. Mishra, S. Sahoo, S. Munda, T. Adak, L. Bose, B. Marandi, H. Subudhi, B. Patra, B. Manimaran","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Rice root knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola is an important nematode pest with a devastating potential that causes serious damage to rice crop. There is an intensive search for eco-friendly, sustainable alternative to the existing nematode management practices. Host plant resistance offers propitious results in managing this minuscule crop enemy. Preliminary screening of 1731 Oryza sativa germplasms followed by periodic evaluation of nine resistant / tolerant germplasms shed new insights on nematode resistance. We observed seasonal inconsistency in the resistance in previously reported germplasms 'Ramakrishna', 'TKM6', 'Abhisek', 'Laxman sal', 'Ratna', and 'TKM1'. Hence, we strongly recommend repeated screening of identified resistant/tolerant rice germplasm lines against M. graminicola in both winter and summer season to confirm the consistency in resistance scale. Further investigation is needed to nullify other chance factors like nematode pathotypes.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83530548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}