Journal of Vector Borne Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Immunoinformatic based multi-epitope vaccine design and validation against Kyasanur forest disease: A tick borne viral infection.","authors":"Deepthi Adla, Jhansi Venkata Nagamani Josyula, Tejaswini Ancha, Srinivasa Rao Mutheneni","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_84_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_84_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background objectives: </strong>Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) is a tick-borne viral illness prevalent in the Western Ghats region of India, posing a significant public health concern. The current formalin-inactivated KFDV vaccine exhibits modest efficacy, necessitating the development of more potent preventive measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed immunoinformatic modelling techniques to design a multiepitope-based vaccine subunit targeting humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against KFDV. The vaccine was constructed using helper T cell (CD4+), cytotoxic T cell (CD8+), and B cell epitopes, linked together with appropriate linkers and an adjuvant β-defensin at the N-terminus, resulting in a 704 amino acid long vaccine subunit. Evaluation parameters included immunogenic potency, allergenicity, solubility, toxicity, and population coverage. Predictions of secondary and three-dimensional (3D) structure were made, followed by docking studies with Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I and II) to assess binding affinity. Additionally, simulation of the vaccine and TLR3 construct was performed using the iMod server to further analyze their interaction dynamics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed vaccine subunit exhibited favorable structural and dynamic stability, with strong binding affinity to target receptors. Codon optimization and in silico cloning analysis indicated high vaccine expression and potency. Immune stimulation studies revealed enhanced production of IgG, IgM, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, INF-gamma, and IL-2, indicative of robust immune response against KFDV.</p><p><strong>Interpretation conclusion: </strong>The developed vaccine construct was structurally and dynamically stable and produced a strong immune response against KFDV. However, further animal model studies are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of these vaccines for the prevention of KFDV. The vaccine subunit structure was submitted to the ModelArchive database (https://www.modelarchive.org/doi/10.5452/ma-ij19q).</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of climatic factors on the perennial malaria cases in Kalahandi district of Odisha, Eastern India.","authors":"Subrat Kumar Panigrahi, Smruti Ranjan Parida, Dibyanee Mohanty, Punyatoya Panda, Manoj Kumar Meher, Priyanka Mohanty, Pruthiraj Mohapatra, Aishwarya B Acharya, Bijayalaxmi Sahu, Tapan Kumar Barik","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_190_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_190_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background objectives: </strong>Vector-borne diseases, particularly mosquito-borne illnesses, cause significant global health challenges, leading to approximately 700,000 deaths annually. In India, malaria remains a critical issue, especially in regions like Odisha, where climatic factors heavily influence transmission dynamics. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between climatic factors (rainfall, temperature, and humidity) and malaria transmission in the Kalahandi district of Odisha, India. This research focuses on understanding how local weather conditions affect mosquito breeding, population dynamics, and malaria incidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Epidemiological data from 2019 to 2021 on malaria cases were collected from the Chief District Medical Officer's office in Kalahandi. Entomological data were gathered bimonthly by capturing mosquitoes from various locations in Kalahandi using standard methods. Meteorological data, including monthly rainfall, temperature, and humidity, were obtained from the Odisha government database. The data were analyzed using correlation analysis, linear regression, and Pearson correlation to explore the relationships between weather parameters and malaria cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that rainfall positively correlates with malaria incidence, particularly during peak rainy seasons (July-September). P. falciparum cases showed a strong association with precipitation, while temperature and humidity showed mixed results. Excessive rainfall, however, may disrupt mosquito breeding sites.</p><p><strong>Interpretation conclusion: </strong>It was noticed that Anopheles culicifacies was prevalent year- round but was particularly dense during the winter and summer (pre-monsoon) seasons, often in conjunction with Anopheles fluviatilis. The findings highlight the complex interplay of climatic factors influencing malaria transmission in the region, with rainfall being the most significant driver.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of dengue infection and risk factors for severe dengue in Indian children.","authors":"Neeraj T Panchanadikar, Sonali H Palkar, Sanjay K Lalwani","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_43_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_43_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background objectives: </strong>Dengue, a fast-growing vector-borne disease, has an estimated case- fatality rate of 5%. India is largely affected by dengue. Due to its unpredictable course and non-availability of specific treatment, timely identification of risk factors for severe dengue and its management is crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical profile of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital with dengue, including their outcome, and identify the risk factors for severe dengue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included children admitted with serologically confirmed dengue. World Health Organization classification was used to classify the illness. The details of demographic characteristics, history, clinical examination, laboratory parameters, and outcome were noted. Various risk factors, associated with severe dengue including clinical and laboratory parameters, were determined using crude and adjusted odds ratios at 95% CI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 157 enrolled children, 51 (32.5%) had severe dengue, and 5 (3.2%) died. Severe dengue showed no predilection for age, gender, and baseline IgG positivity. Multivariate- logistic regression analysis identified only fever ≥39°C [aOR 4.06 (1.60-10.27)] and petechiae [aOR 9.91(3.07-32.03)] as the clinical risk factors for severe dengue. Prolonged prothrombin time (>14s) [aOR 37.21(1.46-946.23)] and platelet count less than 50,000/cu mm [aOR 12.83(1.12-147.17] were observed as independent laboratory risk factors for severe dengue.</p><p><strong>Interpretation conclusion: </strong>Simple clinical measures like a detailed history of fever >39°C and examination, especially for petechiae, should caution clinicians against progressing to severe dengue. Along with platelet count, prothrombin time should also be monitored during the laboratory investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Macrophage Polarization in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.","authors":"May AlMoshary","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_174_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_174_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background objectives: </strong>Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is reported as the most neglected tropical disease. The polarization of macrophages such as M1 or M2 phenotypes significantly affects the development of leishmaniasis disease. However, the accurate immune responses behind the macrophage polarization process in cutaneous Leishmaniasis are poorly understood. This study was designed to determine the status of macrophage polarization in cutaneous Leishmaniasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia, from January to December 2023. Patients aged 18 to 65 yrs diagnosed with cutaneous Leishmaniasis were included. Patients with other immunocompromising conditions (e.g., HIV infection), those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, or those with systemic Leishmaniasis were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a sample of 70 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients, macrophage polarization profiles were assessed in 43 (61.42%) patients in the case group and 27 (38.57%) in the control group. The experimental group had a higher prevalence of mild iNOS expression (24/43), while the control group had more iNOS-negative subjects (11/27). Arg-1 expression analysis showed a higher adverse and mild expression incidence in both groups, with 26/43 and 16/43 cases, respectively. Ml macrophage polarization was significantly higher in patients with lesions <4 (65.11%) compared to M2 polarization (11.62%). Lesions lasting <12 months also showed greater M1 polarization (51.61%) compared to M2 (30.23%), with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Additionally, ulcerated lesions were more common in the M1 group (37.20%) than in the M2 group (16.27%) (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Interpretation conclusion: </strong>The findings reported that M1 macrophages are more prevalent in CL's early and acute stages, while M2 macrophages may be more active in the long-term or healing phases. There were also notable changes in macrophage polarization among the experimental and control groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission Indices of Malaria in Anopheles Mosquitoes in an agrarian community adjourning Osogbo, Southwestern, Nigeria.","authors":"Zarat O Iwalewa, Olabanji A Surakat, Mohammed A Rufai, Kamilu A Fasasi, Harun K Aremu, Monsuru A Adeleke","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_201_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_201_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background objectives: </strong>Mosquitoes transmit malaria and other infectious diseases. A thorough understanding of the dynamics, biting behavior, and infectiousness of Anopheles vector, sporozoites is required to calculate transmission indices and develop effective control tactics. The goal of this study was to identify the mosquito species in a rural settlement near the Osogbo city in southern Nigeria, as well as their sources of blood meals and the rate at which sporozoites are formed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From June to December 2021, 23 homes in the community were chosen at random to catch adult mosquitos with CDC light traps and Pyrethrum Spray Catches (PSC). Mosquitoes were sorted using morphological criteria, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the origin of the blood meal, check for the infectivity of sporozoites in the mosquitoes, and calculate the fraction of An. gambiae s.l. collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 318 mosquitos collected, 185 (58.18%) were recognized as An. gambiae s.l., 4 (1.26 %) as Aedes aegypti, 104 (32.70 %) as Cx. quequinfasciatus, and 25 (7.86 %) as M. uniformis. The PCR revealed that the specimens of An. gambiae s.l. were 96% An. colluzzi and 4% An. gambiae s.s. The An. colluzzi mosquito species only consumed human blood.</p><p><strong>Interpretation conclusion: </strong>The presence of sporozoites in none of the An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes in the area indicates a low rate of malaria transmission. The anthropoliphic nature of the Anopheles species implies a danger of malaria transmission, despite the fact that none of the Anopheles tested positive for sporozoites.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfasalazine-double stranded ribonucleic acid nanoparticle for controlling Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.","authors":"Mamangam Subaraja, V Edwin Hillary, Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_136_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_136_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background objectives: </strong>Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are vectors for dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses, which threaten over half the world's population. Therefore, new techniques are needed to control vector mosquitoes. The present study aimed to control female A. aegypti by targeting 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and ecdysone receptor (EcR), which could potentially disrupt egg development, using sulfasalazine (SSZ)-double-stranded RNA (ds-RNA) nanoparticles (NPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SSZ-dsRNA NPs are characterized by light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, raman spectroscopy, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Next, 40 pl of SSZ, dsRNA, and SSZ-dsRNA NPs individually were injected into eggs of Ae. aegypti. Finally, the temporal gene expression levels of 3β-HSD and EcR genes were assessed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mortality rate and sterility were significantly increased (p<0.05), and the percentage of fecundity and viable progeny (p<0.05) showed effective results when exposed to SSZ-dsRNA compared to control eggs. In addition, the Sf9 cell line also confirmed the downregulation of the m-RNA 3β-HSD and EcR successfully when exposed to SSZ-dsRNA.</p><p><strong>Interpretation conclusion: </strong>The current study proves for the first time that SSZ-dsRNA NPs can be used broadly for 3β-HSD and ECR gene silencing in mosquitoes. The use of this NPs SSZ-dsRNA complex in mosquito eggs leads to reduced fecundity in Ae. aegypti. This method will open a new door for mosquito control, which can be explored and utilized with future comprehensive research for better results. This method is not only limited to the mosquito species like Ae. Aegypti, it can also be tried with different mosquitoes as well as other insect species that cause harm to humans as pests of crops or vectors of various diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Chikungunya Virus in Aedes aegypti in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.","authors":"Eduardo Hernández-Acosta, Antonio De la Mora Covarrubias, Idelfonso Fernández-Salas, Angélica Escárcega-Ávila, Isabel Passalacqua Olivera, Florinda Jiménez-Vega","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_168_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_168_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background objectives: </strong>Chikungunya fever is caused by an arbovirus transmitted primarily by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito, which is prevalent in Mexico along with other pathogens carried by this vector. This study aimed to detect the presence of the Chikungunya virus in A.Aegypti mosquitoes in a vulnerable area of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mosquitoes were collected from both indoor and outdoor areas of 87 households using BG-GAT and Gravid traps during the fall of 2015. The presence of CHIKV was determined molecularly using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the infection rate was calculated using the PooledInfRate program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 328 female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were captured, grouped into 131 pools. 66% of them tested positive for CHIKV. The infection rate, as measured by Minimum Infection Rate (MIR), was 26%, and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) was 15.2%.</p><p><strong>Interpretation conclusion: </strong>The presence of the infected vector was confirmed in the study area. This first report in the region highlights the need for active epidemiological surveillance to prevent potential Chikungunya outbreaks in this border population.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dengue fever complicated with bilateral Psoas hematoma and superadded infection - A case report.","authors":"Nonita Thockchom, Rajat Sharma, Prasan Kumar Panda, Avneet Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_193_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_193_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) typically presents with various bleeding manifestations such as epistaxis, gum bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding. However, spontaneous large muscle hematoma formation is a rare complication. This case report discusses a patient with DHF who developed bilateral psoas muscle hematomas, a very uncommon presentation. The patient experienced acute abdominal pain and was diagnosed with psoas muscle hematomas complicated by bacterial infection. Conservative treatment, including fluid management, blood transfusions, and antibiotics, led to the patient's full recovery. This case highlights the importance of suspecting muscle hematomas in DHF patients who present with sudden abdominal or flank pain, especially in the context of dropping hemoglobin and platelet counts. Imaging techniques such as ultrasonography and CT scans are critical for diagnosis. Early diagnosis, close monitoring, and appropriate conservative management are essential for preventing serious outcomes. Prompt treatment of any secondary infections is also crucial to patient recovery. This case report is reminding clinicians to consider this rare complication similar to previous studies as reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of West Nile virus infection in Kerala, South India: A case of concern.","authors":"Sonia Thankachy, K P Amju, Mathew Jessu, Hisham Moosan, Manju Rahi, Vijesh S Kuttiatt","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_172_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_172_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>West Nile virus (WNV) infection is emerging as a disease of public health concern in Kerala, India with recurring outbreaks since 2011. With its tropical climate, biodiversity hot spots of Western ghats, forest cover, plenty of water bodies and bird sanctuaries, Kerala provides an ideal ecological niche for vector breeding and transmission of WNV. In this article, we reflect on the peculiar features of the outbreaks of WNV fever in Kerala and highlight the knowledge gaps, the research priorities and the need for effective control measures. Information on transmission patterns of WNV, its circulating lineages and identification of vectors is needed to adopt appropriate control strategies in the state. In addition to the active measures on the part of the health system to ensure vector control and to curtail transmission pathways of the disease, inclusion of the community in preventing WNV infection through awareness campaigns and other participatory control measures should be initiated in the pre-monsoon months.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"West Nile Fever- a looming risk and a call for effective response.","authors":"Aishwarya J Ramalingam, Sameena Khan","doi":"10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_160_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_160_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>West Nile Virus (WNV) is an arboviral single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. Initial reports of the virus were found in 1937 when the WNV was isolated from a febrile individual from Uganda and later reported from Algeria, West Africa, and the Middle East. Since then, every year cases of WNV infections are emerging and posing a threat to public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}