Epidemiology and risk factors for death in leptospirosis: A 20-year retrospective cohort study in Brazil.

IF 0.8 4区医学 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Vector Borne Diseases Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI:10.4103/jvbd.jvbd_181_24

Gabriel Cavalcante Lima Chagas, Gabriel Rotsen Fortes Aguiar, Rafael Cavalcante Lima Chagas, Amanda Ribeiro Rangel, Pedro Miguel Carneiro Jeronimo, Elizabeth De Francesco Daher, Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Júnior, Alice Maria Costa Martins, Gdayllon Cavalcante Meneses

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background objectives: Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira, is prevalent in tropical areas like Brazil. This study aimed to describe the demographics, outcomes, and mortality risk factors in leptospirosis patients in Brazil.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Brazilian DATASUS database (2001-2020) to evaluate outcomes in individuals diagnosed with leptospirosis. Cases were confirmed through clinical and laboratory criteria. Risk factors for mortality were assessed using both univariate and multivariate regression analyses.

Results: Of 64,963 patients, 80.2% were male, and 10.6% experienced all-cause mortality. Some of the risk factors for mortality included respiratory symptoms (OR 3.23), age >60 (OR 2.07), jaundice (OR 1.75), and renal insufficiency (OR 2.07).

Interpretation conclusion: Leptospirosis remains a significant health burden in Brazil, especially for young adult males. This study highlights critical risk and protective factors, which may inform targeted interventions and public health policies. Future research should explore non-binary classifications of variables to improve the understanding of leptospirosis mortality determinants.

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钩端螺旋体病流行病学和死亡危险因素：巴西20年回顾性队列研究

背景目的：钩端螺旋体病是一种由钩端螺旋体引起的人畜共患疾病，在巴西等热带地区流行。本研究旨在描述巴西钩端螺旋体病患者的人口统计学、结局和死亡危险因素。方法：我们使用巴西DATASUS数据库（2001-2020）的数据进行了一项回顾性队列研究，以评估诊断为钩端螺旋体病的个体的结局。病例通过临床和实验室标准确诊。使用单变量和多变量回归分析评估死亡率的危险因素。结果：64,963例患者中，80.2%为男性，10.6%为全因死亡率。死亡的危险因素包括呼吸道症状（OR 3.23）、年龄（OR 2.07）、黄疸（OR 1.75）和肾功能不全（OR 2.07）。结论：钩端螺旋体病在巴西仍然是一个重要的健康负担，特别是对年轻成年男性。这项研究强调了关键的风险和保护因素，可以为有针对性的干预措施和公共卫生政策提供信息。未来的研究应探索变量的非二元分类，以提高对钩端螺旋体病死亡率决定因素的理解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vector Borne Diseases INFECTIOUS DISEASES-PARASITOLOGY

CiteScore

0.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： National Institute of Malaria Research on behalf of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) publishes the Journal of Vector Borne Diseases. This Journal was earlier published as the Indian Journal of Malariology, a peer reviewed and open access biomedical journal in the field of vector borne diseases. The Journal publishes review articles, original research articles, short research communications, case reports of prime importance, letters to the editor in the field of vector borne diseases and their control.